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APPENDIX II.
THE LANGUAGE OF THE PARÇVANĀTHA.
1. Prakrit influence.
Jaina Sanskrit texts, presumably, never quite escape Prakrit influences. This has been observed, e. g., by Jacobi, Pariçişțaparvan, Preface to his Edition, p. 9; by Tawney, in his Translation of Kathakoça, pp. xxii ff.; and by Weber, in his Edition and Translation of Pañcadaṇḍachattraprabandha, p. 5. The Parçvanatha, tho written in the main in excellent Sanskrit, has a number of Prakrit back-formations into Sanskrit which it employs with surprising regularity. Chief of these is the 'root' vidhyāi in the sense of 'go out,' 'be quenched' Pali-Prakrit vijjhāi, from Skt. vi-kṣāi, 'burn out.' Thus 3. 893:
ity uktvā paçyatām eva teṣāṁ gatabhayaḥ çukaḥ,
jhampām adac ca vidhyāto 'gniç casthad akṣataḥ çukaḥ,
6
'So saying, the parrot, without fear, in the very sight of them, took a jump (into the fire): the fire was quenched, and the parrot stood unscathed.' Similarly the past participle in 6. 854, iti vākyāmṛtāis tasyā vidhyātaḥ krodhapāvakaḥ, thus the fire of his anger was quenched by the nectar of her words'; and 6. 1322, vidhyātam iva pāvakam, 'like an extinguished fire. More figuratively, in 6. 609, vidhyātadhiḥ, 'one whose courage has gone out,' and, yet more secondarily, 3, 361, hitadeçasudhavidhyātamānasaḥ, whose mind has become calm (quenched) by the nectar of wise instruction.'
C
The primary present active of the verb is vidhyāyati, in 3. 297, davo 'pi ghananireņa vidhyāyati, 'even a forest fire is quenched by heavy showers.' The causative in the sense of 'put out,' 'extinguish,' occurs several times: 1. 489, tāpaṁ pitur vidhyapayan, ' quenching the wrath of his father'; 8. 385, citām vyadhyāpayan 1 kṣīrāmbhobhir meghakumārakāḥ, Cloud-youths quenched (Parçva's) funeral pyre with fluid from the milk (ocean) '; and 8. 243,
1
C
Here the composite character of 'root' vi-dhyai comes to light, as the augment follows the preposition.
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