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Metaphysics, Ethics and Spiritual Development
205
upabhogāntarāya and vīryāntarāya respectively. So on account of the kşayopasama of dānāntarāya, etc., the respective qualities dāna (charity), etc., obstructed by them get manifested. And the greater the kşayopasama of a particular antarāya-karma, more is the manifestation of the quality obstructed by it.
As stated earlier, there are two types of mohaniya karma (deluding karma), viz., darśanamohaniya (what deludes natural love of truth) and căritramohanīya (which deludes spiritually wholesome conduct). On account of the kşayopaśama of darśanamohaniya and caritramohaniya one attains kṣāyopaśamika samyaktva and kṣāyopaśamika caritra respectively.
Opposite of samyaktva is mithyātva. Samyaktva means natural predilection for what is true and spiritually wholesome. So mithyātva means spiritually perverse attitude, dislike for spiritual truths and attraction for wrong views. The Jaina thinkers have noted its five varieties. They are as follows.
(1) Abhigrahika mithyātva (uncritical and obstinate
acceptance of views) Acceptance of a particular view without critical examination, accompanied with contempt for all other views is ābhigrahika mithyātva.
A person possessed of samyaktva never accepts any doctrine without critical examination. So, if a man critically examines a doctrine, finds it true, accepts it and refutes others, then he is not considered to be a person afflicted with ābhigrahika mithyātva. If a man does not examine the views into which he is born, but accepts them without critical examination as to their merits and demerits, then he is surely afflicted with it. A person who considers himself to be a Jaina (samyaktví, a person possessed of spiritually right attitude and views) on account of his birth in a Jaina family and tradition, who has inherited Jaina traditional views, who does not examine them and does not know their merits and truth, who have uncritically accepted them, who lacks the power of discriminating what is right and wholesome from what is wrong and unwholesome is Jaina by name only, but in reality afflicted with ābhigrahika mithyātva. Thus abhigrahika mithyātva is obstinate and uncritical clinging to preconceived notions and inherited views.
The persons themselves unable to examine the views about truth and reality are not afflicted with mithyātva provided they are under the shelter and guidance of saint scholars well versed in spiritual science and en
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