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JAINA PHILOSOPHY : AN INTRODUCTION
accepted by the Jaina logicians who discussed the theory of knowledge on the ground of logic. In the Tattvārtha-sūtra, first of all knowledge is divided into five categories and then these categories have been included in two categories, viz., pratyakşa and parokşa' as the means of valid knowledge. This latter division clearly indicates that Umāsvāti was also influenced by the second stage of development. 3. The third stage is as follows :
Jñāna
Ābhini-
Śruta
Avadhi
Kevala
Manaḥ- paryaya
bodhika
Pratyakşa
Parokșa
Abhinibodhika
Indriya- Noindriyapratyakşa pratyaksa 1. Śrotren- 1. Avandhi driya
2. Manaḥ- 2. Cakşurin- paryaya driya
3. Kevala 3. Ghrāņendriya 4. Rasanendriya 5. Sparśanendriya
Sruta- niḥsșta
Aśrutaniḥssta
Avagraha Ihā Avāya Dhāraņā
Vyañjanāvagraha
Arthāvagraha
Autpattikī Vainayiki Karmajā Pāriņāmiki 1. Matišrutāvadhimanuhparyavakevalūni jñanam. I. 9. · Adve parokşam, 1.11. Pratvakşamunyut. I. 12.
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