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No. 38] MODASA PLATE OF THE TIME OF PARAMARA BHOJA, V.S. 1067
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the southern part of his father's empire towards the north was part of a scheme of general mobilisation of the fighting strength and resources of Taila II for the defence of the northern regions of his dominions which had been invaded by the Paramāra monarch. Since Muñja was killed some time before the death of Taila II in 997 A.D., it further appears that, from the date of his departure on his last expedition against the territory of the Chalukya king about the beginning of 995 A.D., Sindhurāja was ruling the Paramāra kingdom, first as his brother's representative and then (after Muñja's capture or death) as the latter's successor. The beginning of Sindhurāja's rule may thus be assigned to about the commencement of 995 A.D.
The duration of the rule of Sindhurāja and the date of the accession of his son Bhöja cannot be determined. Some scholars have suggested that Bhõja ascended the throne about 1005 A.D., while others have placed his accession to about 1010 A.D.1 But there is a definite tradition in the Prabandhachintamani and the Bhojaprabandha recording the duration of Bhõja's reign and there is hardly any reason why it should not be accepted as genuine. According to this tradition, Bhõja ruled for 55 years, 7 months and 3 days. While the earliest known date of Bhoja's son and successor Jayasimha is V. S. 1112, Ashādha-vadi 13 (probably the 13th June, 1056 A.D.) when his Mandhata plates were issued, the Chintāmaņisäramikā, composed by Dasabala at Bhõja's court apparently in Saka 977 (1055-56 A.D.), seems to offer the latest date for the reign of Bhoja. Thus Bhöja seems to have ruled from the middle of 1000 A.D. to the end of 1065 A.D. His father Sindhurāja therefore ruled for about five years between 995 and 1000 A.D. The fantastic stories of Sindhuraja's exploits given in the Navasāhasārkacharita (the date of the composition of which is doubtful although it is sometimes believed to be 1005 A.D.) can scarcely be regarded as an evidence in favour of assigning a longer reign to Sindhurāja.
No inscription of Paramāra Sindhuraja has as yet been discovered; but we have a number of dates for the reign of his son and successor Bhoja. Besides the Chintämanisāranikā composed at Bhõja's court in Saka 977 (1055-56 A.D.) and referred to above, the Rājamrigānkakarana, ascribed to Bhõja, was composed in Saka 964 (1042-43 A.D.). Bhõja's copper-plate grants discovered so far offer the following dates : (1) Banswärā plates? issued on Māgha-sudi 5, V. S. 1076 (probably January 3, 1020 A.D.); (2) Betmā plates issued on Bhadrapada-sudi 15, V. S. 1076 (probably September 4, 1020 A.D.): (3) Ujjain plates granted on Sunday, Māgha-vadi 3, V. S. 1078 (probably 24th December, 1021 A.D.) and issued on Chaitra-sudi 14 of the sume year (probably March 19, 1022 A.D.); and (4) Depalpur platesto issued on Chaitra-sudi 14, V. S. 1079 (probably March 9, 1023 A.D.). Besides these, there are (1) the British Museum Sarasvati image inscription 11 of the reign of Bhõja, dated V. S. 1091 (1034-35 A.D.); (2) the Tilakwäļā plates issued by Bhoja's feudatory Yasoraja of Sanga makhēţa-mandala on the occasion of the Soma-parvan on Monday in the
1 See Bühler, Paiyulachchhi, Intro.. p. 9; above, Vol. I, pp. 232-33.
* Cf. Bhojaprabandha, ed. Vāruder Panólkar, p. 2: l'afichasat-pancha turshaxi sapta-masa-dina-trayam Bhojarajena bhöktaryah sa-Gando Dukshinanthal Seo alsu Prabandhachintamani, ed. Durgashankar Kevalrom Shastri, p. 32.
. Above, Vol. II, p. 48: Bhandarkar List, Xo. 139. Bühler ansigned Bhöja's death to a date after 1062 A.D. on inadequate evidence.
• Nee JOR, Vol. XIX, Part II, 19.52, Supplement.
See above, Vol. I, pp. 232-33 ; cf. Ganguly, Ilintory of the l'aramira Dynasty, pp. 80-81. . Cf. above, Vol. I. pp. 232-33. * Ibid., Vol. XI, pp. 181 ff. • Ibid., Vol. XVIII, pp. 3:20 ff.
Ind. Ant., Vol. VI, pp. 53 f.; Vol. XIX, p. 36). 16 IHQ, Vol. VIII, pp. 305 ff. u Bhandarkar's List, No. 120.
1 Ibid., No. 128. 26 DGA/68
