Agam 10 Ang 10 Prashna Vyakaran Sutra Sthanakvasi

Author(s): Amarmuni, Varunmuni, Sanjay Surana
Publisher: Padma Prakashan

Page 381

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Elaboration - In the said aphorism, the importance of truth has been explained in detail and in an effective manner. A word, which is based on facts and reality but is going to cause hurt to other or is harmful due to some fault, is bad and should not be used. This fact has been explained through many examples. It has also been described what type of truth is worth uttering. The forms of truth, language and word formation have also been narrated.
This puts forth a clear picture of truth before its practitioner. The text that conveys the importance of truth is simple and easy to 15 comprehend. It does not need any further elaboration.
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TEN TYPES OF TRUTH
In the tenth chapter of Sthananga Sutra ten forms of truth have been mentioned. They are as follows
1. Janpad Satya-A word commonly used in any area or in any state for a particular thing. It should be used there accordingly. For instance barber is called Raja in Panjab.
2. Sammat Satya-The word that has been accepted as proper expression by the majority. For instance the chief queen is addressed as devi (the goddess).
3. Sthapana Satya-To call an idol by the same name which it represents for instance to call items of the chessboard as elephant, horse and others. To address idol of Indra as Indra.
4. Naam Satya—To address a person by his name although he has not * the qualities that the social name represents. For instance a person is christened as 'Kul-vardhan' but he is not bringing any development in the family.
5. Roop Satya-To call a monk as a monk on the basis of his dress * although he has no traits of a monk.
6. Pratitya Satya-To utter a word in certain context. For instance to 1 call one finger as small and the other as long with reference to a
particular finger. To call everything permanent in substantial context or to call everything transient in context of mode.
7. Vyavahar Satya-The word that is true due to its common use in expression. For instance to say this path leads to a particular town 45 whereas it does not lead to anything.
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श्रु.२, द्वितीय अध्ययन : सत्य संवर
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Sh.2, Second Chapter: Truth Samvar
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