Pathik 1991 Vol 31 Ank 09

Author(s): K K Shastri and Other
Publisher: Mansingji Barad Smarak Trust
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/535369/1

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va, mAnasa'gajI bA2Da mAraka TrasTa saMcAlita varSa 3 muM aMka 9 che saM', 2048 sana 1992 taMtrI-maMDaLa : De. ke. kA. zAstrI che. nA. ke. bhaTTa che. so. bhAratI bahena zelata [ itihAsa-purAtattvanuM eka mAtra gujarAtI mAsikra] Adya taMtrIH ra1, mAnasa'gajI bAraDa itihAsanI ArasImAM : 1. purUravA bhAratIya upakhaMDamAM prAcInatama be vaMza vikasyA te caMdravaMza ane sUryavaMza. varNanI daSTie vicAratAM A gaura varNa kiMvA gaurAMga ane pItta varNa kiMvA pItAMga che. himAlayanA pUrva pazcima be vibhAga kahIe to enA pazcimAdhe mAM gaurAMga ane pUrvArdha mAM pItAMga va zono vikAsa thayo kahI zakAya. caMdra vaMza(gaurAMga-white race ne Adi puruSa paurANika vaMzAvalI pramANe aila purUravA che. ene aMdAje samaya kahevuM hoya te I. pU. 3000 AsapAsane Ave. sUryavaMza(pItAMga-yellow race ne Adi puruSa paurANika vaMzAvalI pramANe davAku che ane ene samaya paNa che. pU. 3000 AsapAne Ave. A baMne rAjavI eno ulekha Rgvada(10-95 ane 10-60-4)mAM thayela che. purUravA ane urvazInA saMvAdamAM e RgvadamAM eka pAtra che ane AkhuM (95 muM) sUkta ApavAmAM AvyuM che. A sivAya bIjI koI vigata tyAM maLatI nathI. anyatra(R. 1-71-4 mAM) paNa ene ulekha thayelo che, jyAM manune paNa ullekha che. purUravA ane urvazInA saMvAda zatapatha brAhmaNa(10-5. 1, 1)mAM RvedanA tadviSayaka maMtro ulikhita karIne karavAmAM AvyA che tyAM ene ela' paNa kahyo che, arthAt 'Ila' he 'IlA'ne putra. purANonA manunI zApita putrI 'IlA'mAM caMdranA putra budhathI utpatti kahI che, enuM mUlya paurANika gAthAthI vadhu nathI. itihAsamAM ApaNe mATe e caMdravaMzanA Adi puruSa che e mahatvanI vAta che. enI rAjadhAnI prayAga pAse pratiSThAna (pachInuM pauThaNu). - taMtrI For Private and Personal Use Only

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3. premanI pratimA : le. zrI prAgajIbhAI e. paTela, pra. che. bhAnumatI gauravakumAra paTela, minI hAusa, yajhadA sosAyaTI, vejalapura basa sTenDa pAse, amadAvAda-380051; &aa. 16 pejI, pR. 4 + 92; 1991; kiM. rU. 12 lekhake "nivedanamAM jaNAvyuM che ke "je sahaja che, sigika che e rUpe pragaTa karavA mATe yatna karavAnI jarUra che, kAraNa ke je dezamAM dIkarIne janma thAya tyAre "lakSmIjI padhAryA" ema kahevAne rivAja che. te dezamAM jamatI, UcharatI bAlikAonI sthiti kevI che ? meDhathI lakSmIjI padhAryA" belAya che, paNa manamAM nirAzA ane hatAzA ja che. khuda mAtAnA manamAM paNa dIkarIne janma ApIne gune karyo hoya te aparAdhabhAva rahe che. chokarI janme che te badhAMne caherA UtarI jAya che. jyAM karInA janmanuM ja AvuM apamAna thatuM hoya tyAM chekarInuM AgaLanuM jIvana kevuM hoya ! "chokarInA ja mane bhale hIna daSTithI jovAya. bhale tenI zreSThatAne na svIkArI zakAya. paraMtu hakIkata noMdhavA jevI e che ke pirA jyAre ghera Ave che tyAre te potAnI dIkarIne jevA telane che, pati potAnI patnI para rahI zakatA nathI. putrane hamezAM mAtAnI jarUra paDe che.' lekhakane Azaya nArInI je vAstavika zreSThatA che te 25 jeTalA lekhamAM banAvI nArI premanI pratimA' che e vAta sthApita karavAnuM che, je yathArtha che. lekhaka spaSTa thaIne kahe che ke strIne puruSanI samAna banAvavAnI jarUra nathI, paNa enuM gaurava barAbara jaLavAI rahe enuM samarthana kare che. lekhaka dhyAna dore ja che ke "strI-puruSanA vizuddha premanuM mUlya ochuM AMkavAmAM bhUla karI che.' e asAmAnya vastu che ane jIvananI sArthakatA mATe vizuddha prema ja anivArya che. lekhakanI vicAra keTalAka te samAjanI AMkha ughADanAra che. - 4, saurASTradazana : lekhaka ane pra. Do. mahezacatra jIvarAmabhAI paDavA, mahesAgara', pa-subhASanagara, AmrapAlI pAse, rAjA-36 0001; DemI sigala 8 peja pR. 6 - 68: 1990; ki. rU. 15 - khAsa karIne gujarAtanI rAjakIya ane sAMskRtika ItihAsanA eka prayatna vidhAna, so. yuni. ItihAsa vibhAganA vAcaka Do. paMDabhAnA saurASTrane lagatA A lekhane A saMgraha che. viSayanuM paNa vidhi che, jevuM ke saurASTra kacchanA vartamAna ane lupta saMpradAyo' 'DalanA mahArAjA bhagavatasihanI zikSaNanIti' 'saurASTramAM briTiza hakumatanI sthApanA ane dezI rAjyo sAthenA saMbaMdha nijAnaMda saMpradAyanA pravartaka zrI prANanAthajInuM rAjakIya kSetre mahattvanuM pradAna" "alakhanA ArAdhaka trikama sAheba' "rAjakeTa saMsthAnamAM lekapratinidhi sabhA : svarUpa ane kAryakSetra' 'saurASTrane sapUta : nAraNadAsa khuzAlacaMda gAMdhI' ane 'rASTramAM relavene prAraMbha ane tenA vikAsanI rUparekhA.' pratyeka lekha sapramANa mAhitIthI sabhara che tathA saurASTranA rAjakI ane sAMskRtika ItihAsanA lekhanamAM sadAyaka thaI paDe tevo che. 5, atItanI aTArIethI (sacitra) : le. ane pra. zrI. puSpakAMta viza kara dhoLakiyA, zraddheya', rAmacaMdrajInA maMdira pAse, nagara, jUnAgaDha-362001; 7mI Digala 8 pejI pR. 8 + 15ra; 1992; ki. rUA. 25 "AmukhamAM ame jaNAvyuM che te pramANe "gujarAta saurASTra kacchanA eka ArUDha purAtatvavida ane myujhilejiTa'' vidvAnanA nAnA moTA 12 lekhAne A saMgraha che. viSayanI daSTie dvauSNava dharmanI prAcInatA tathA viSaNunuM mUrti vidhAna' saurASTramAM zakti ane zani upAsanA' zaiva dharmanuM mahatta' 'prabhAsanA killA para mahArAjA zrIrAmasiMha rATheDanuM Adhipatya' mahAna puravada [pAchaLa cAlu For Private and Personal Use Only

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sAbhAra ravIkAra 1, cAlo hasIe : lekhaka zrI. naTavaralAla zaMkaralAla jozI, 16, aMbikAkuMja sosAyaTI, maNinagara, amadAvAda-380 008; krAuna 16 pacha pR. 8 + 15ra; 1991; ki. rU. 35- zikSakanA vyavasAyamAM gaLADUba rahelA zrI. naTavaralAla jozInI kAvyakSetre ane hAsya kaTAkSa kSetra prasiddha thayelI 11 jeTalI saMgraha-racanAomAM A 10mI racanA che. A pachI 11mI 'ramUjI vyaktie e zIrSakanI ramajha-bharelI racanA A varSamAM prasiddha thaI che. pathikanA dIpotsavAmAM emanI pustaka temaja khaMDakAvyo (nAnAM nAnAM chavAyA kare che. ramUjI pustaka paNa chapAyAM che. zrI. jozI hAsyarasanA paNa eka arachA bhUgarbhIya lekhaka che, e emanI hAsyakTAkSa bharelA chaeka jeTalA saMgrahagraMthothI anubhavAya che. "cAle hasIe" A saMgrahamAM 25 jeTalI racanAo saMgRhIta thayelI che. ekeeka racanAmAM emanI ramUjI lAkSaNikatA tarI Ave che. "ochuM jamADavAnI kaLA' zeTha pharavA gayA" "ajJAta bhASAbhimAnI' hiMduonI viziSTatA' 'miyAMno ramUjI svabhAva" be patnIne lAbha' pIeca.DI.nA viSa" "daMpatI pAse karAvelI sAmAsAmI zikSA kaubhAMDayuga AvA AvA viSa laIne emaNe marma hAsyathI lane aTTahAsya sudhI vAcakone lai javAmAM saphaLatA meLavI che. A saMgrahane prakAzana mATe dhanyavAda. 2, aMtaranI vAta : le. zrI viThThalabhAI pu. paTela, pra. zrI naTubhAi Thakakara phAunDezana, zraddhA, kalyANabAga, kAMkariyA, amadAvAda-380028; krAuna 16 pacha pR. 8 + 136; 1992; "saMskAra parivAra'-vaDodarAnA niyAmaka, aneka sArapravRttionA Ayojaka, ciMtanazIla vicAraka zrI viThThalabhAi paTelanA aneka gaMbhIra vivAthI bharelA 28 lekhone pAMca pariziSTa sAthe A saMgrahagraMtha che. lekhaka jaNAve che te pramANe "saMskAra" parivAra-pravRtti patrikAmAM prathama zarUAtamAM "hadayamAM maMthana pAmatA vicAro' sahajabhAve lakhavAne vega UbhA thatAM pAsuna' mAsikamAM eka eka lakhavAmAM Avaze tevA lekhene A saMgraha che. ahIM kurabAnI sevA" "ajhAdI : Arthika svataMtratA' "mAnava : samaja unnati" "zubha kAryonI kadara' 'dAnanA prakAra" "saMskAra mAsikasaMskAra parivAra" "pravRttimaya nivRtti" "jIvana pratye samAdara" "saMskAranI dazAbdI" bArame varSe amAdara : yuvAna-vRddho' 'padaramAM varSamAM praveza' "paMdaramAM varSA' 'savAcana-pustakaprema' 'eka ane khI paLa "tejabharyA vicAronuM anuzIlana' "maheka' "kSativALa zikSaNa" "pustakAlayanI agatya ApaNI ane bIjAnI dRSTi' 'samarpita mAnavIo" " kaya-niSThAne madhura AnaMda' 'saujanya saMskAranI vAna AgavI' 'ghUMTAyelA vicAra" "mAnavI viSe mAnavInI vAta" "sAcA sukhanI vAta" ane "jIvana benka ekAu-Ta' e lekha saMgrahAyA che. A lekhamAM eka anubhavI samAjasevakanAM lokasaMparkamAMthI tAravelAM nAraNa jovA maLe che. nikhAlasa hadayanA eka naTastha darzakane A vicAra hoI samAjane upayogI bane tevA che. pAMca pariziSTomAM aMtarane ajavALe' vanamAM (ekAvanamAM varSamAM) pravezatAM" "manasukha svAmI me lIdhelI zrI viThThalabhAInI mulAkAtane ahevAla "zrI viThThalabhAIna jIvananA mahatvanA prasaMgone khyAla (praznottarInA rUpamAM ane zrI harabhAI trivedInA avasAne zrI. viThThalabhAIe ApelI "aMjali" A pAMca lekha che. pustakanA chelA 4 thA mukhapRSTha u5ranI emanI "aMtima IcchA' paNa bAnamAM levA jevI che, "cakSudAnane saMka95" ane avasAna pachI koi paNa mAna-pAna-guNagAna vagere na thAya evI bhAvanA. dhanyavAda. pUDI ? upara cAlu) For Private and Personal Use Only

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Adya taMtrI : sva. mAnasaMgajI bAraDa taMtrI-maMDaLa() vArSika lavAjama : dezamAM 230 De.kekA. zAstrI () videzamAM rU 111/-,Taka 3, 4 - pAthaka' pratyeka aMgrejI mahi- 2. che. nAgajIbhAI bhaTTI, 3, De. bhAratIbahena zelata nAnI 15 mI tArIkhe prasiddha thAya ! varSa 31 jeTha, saM. 2048 : juna, sane 1992 [aMka 9 che. pachInA 15 divasamAM aMka - anukrama maLe te sthAnika poraTa ophisa ItihAsano ArasImAM : 1. pararavA mAM likhita phariyAda karavI ane ! taMtrI mukhapRSTha 1 sAbhAra svIkAra enI nAla mane ekalavI. gAMdhIvAda viruddha neharuvAda che. harIza vyAsa 2 * "pathika pagI vicAra ghAvAnuM nRsiMha maMdira che. viSNubhAI trivedI pa bhAvanA ane jJAnanuM mAsika che. saurASTranA gAmanAM nAmakaraNa zrI. jagadIza caM. chAyA 11 jIvanane udarvagAmI banAvatAM kacachanAM-nAnuM-moTuM e rahe taMtrI 12 abhyAsapUrNa ane ziSTa maulika sauMdaryadhAma sAdarA zrI. dhaneza rAvaLa 13 lakhAne svIkAravAmAM Ave che. ribaMdaramAM mohanadAsa gAMdhInuM * prasiddha thaI gayelI kRtine pharI prathama saMmAna zrI nalinakAMta jozI 15 prasiddha karavA mATe na mokalavAnI durasA aDhA ' zrI. hasamukhabhAI vyAsa 17 lekhakoe kALajI rAkhavI. mauryayuga ane kaccha zrI. saMjaya pI. ThAkara 19 * kRti sArA akSare zAhIthI ane vaDhavANu prajApariSadanI laData che mahebUba desAI 21 kAgaLanI eka ja bAjue lakhelI AyanAmahelanuM aneruM AkarSaNa zrI. prameha jeDI 26 hevI joIe. kRtimAM ke anya vinati bhASAnAM avataraNa mUkayAM hoya vArSika grAhakoe pitAnuM ke pitAnI saMsthA koleja mAM te ene gujarAtI tarajame Apa jarUrI che. zALAnuM lavAjama rU. 30/- hajI na mokalyuM hoya te satvara ma.e. thI mokalI ApavA hArdika vinaMti. saranAmAmAM gALa * kRtimAMnA vicAronI { "valamAM pahele aMka kyA mAsathI grAhaka thayAnuM kahe javAbadArI lekhakanI raheze. che. e mAsa pahelAM lavAjama maLavuM abhISTa che. pathika'nA prasiddha thatI kRtinA vicAro-abhimANe sAthe agAunAM lavAjama eka ke ekathI vadhu varSonA bAkI che teo paNa taMtrI sahamata che ema na samajhavuM. | saveLA mokalI ApavA kRpA kare. aMka hAthamAM Ave e gALAmAM * aravIkRta kRti pAchI meLava- | lavAjama mokalI ApanAre AvA vartulane dhyAnamAM na levA vinaMti. va jarUrI TikiTa AvI haze pathikanA AzrayadAtA rU. 1001/-thI ane AjIvana sahAya te tarata parata karAze. rU. 301/-thI thavAya che. bheTa tarIke paNa rakame svIkAravAmAM 0 namUnAne aMkanI nakala mATe Ave che. sva. zrI. mAnasaMgajIbhAIne ane "pathikanA cAhakane 4-50 nI TikiTa mekalavI. | pathika kAryAlayanA nAmanA ma.o. ke DrAphaTathI mokalI ApavA vinaMti. ma.e. DrAphaTa patra lekho | A chellI be prakAranI tema rU. 50 thI laI AvatI vadhu bheTanI pathika kAryAlaya, madhuvana, elisa | rakama anAmata ja rahe che ane enuM mAtra vyAja ja vaparAya che. brija, amadAvAda-38006 | lavAjama bAkI thAya te tarata mokalavA vinati. jUna/1992 For Private and Personal Use Only

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gAMdhIvAda viruddha neharuvAda che. harIza vayAsa * rAjiya AkAMkSAH khUbInI vahata te e che ke dezanA svAtaMtryasaMgrAmamAM paMDita javAharalAla che, emanA pitA, emanAM bahene, emanAM patnI ane sAthe nehara-parivAra gAMdhIjI sAthe ja rahyo. tyAga, sevA, balidAna vageremAM eo lavaleza pAchaLa na rahyA. satyAgrahe, savinaya kAnUne; asahakAra, hinda choDe laData, pikeTiMga vagere emanA samasta parivAre bhAgIdArI dhAvelI. sAdAI, saumyatA, saraLatA, nikhAlasatA, namratA, vinayazIlatA vagere sadgane kAraNe saradAra vallabhabhAI paTela cakravartI rAjagopAlAcArI, rAjendrabAbu, AcArya kRpalANI, maulAnA abula kalAma AjhAda, The. zArI, paTTAbhisitArAmaiyA, gevindavalalabha patta, abdula gaphAra khAna vageremAM emanuM vyaktitva AgalI ja chApa UbhI karatuM, jethI ee gAMdhIjInA lagabhaga priya pAtra banI gayA ! e eTale sudhI ke "Imsa opha InDiyAnA eka patrakAranI praznottarImAM gAMdhIjIe javAharalAlane potAnA rAjakIya vArasahAra' ane santa vinobAjIne potAnA AdhyAtmika vArasadAra' tarIke gaNAvyA. lokone e lobhAmAzA ane 'paTAmaNA vyaktitvane joIne lAgatuM ke jarUra eo gAMdhIjIne vArase barAbara zobhAvaze ane dezane sukhI, samRddha ane AbAda karaze. gAMdhIza"na : 'hinda svarAjaya' meLavyA bAda gAMdhIjI dezamAM "prAmasvarAjya yA lekasvarAjya dvArA 'sarvodaya samAja racavA IcchatA hatA, eTaluM ja nahi, "aDhAravidha racanAtmaka kAryakramane saMpUrNa amadA e ja che sAcuM svarAjya" ema kahIne racanAtmaka rAjakAraNa yA lekanItine mArga cIMdhI rahyA hatA. "akhila hinda rASTriya mahAsabhAnuM rAjakIya svAtaMtrya prAptinuM kArya pUruM thayuM che eTale enuM visana karIne lokasevaka saMgha' sthApavA mATe emaNe kharaDe tayAra karyo hato. tA. 15-8-1947 nA divase rAjaya maLyA bAda emaNe sADA pAMca mAsa daramyAna je ghaTanAo, vahIvaTa, je janatAnI dA, khurazI mATenI kheMcAtANI, sattA-saMpatti-hAo pAchaLanI DADI, bhAratanA bhAgalA, ramI ramakhA, punarvasavATanA prazno, Aga, visA, tane, mArAmArI, lUMTaphATa, baLAtkAra, atyAmA vagere joyAM tyAre emanuM dila raDI UThayuM! "zuM khAvuM badhuM jovA mATe meM svarAjyanI laData karI hatI ? zuM mArA ja sAthIe mArI upekSA ane avagaNanA karI rahyA che?..zuM A badhA loko thanA pati ane hodAo hAMsala karavA mATe ja mArI sAthe joDAyA hatA ?" rASTrapitA gAMdhIjIe pravAsa varSa,jIvavAnI jhaMkhannA pragaTa karI hatI. A sattA, saMpatti ane pratiSThA-dAe kabaje karavA mATenuM "nagna nRtya" jaIne e bhAre vimAsaNa, mUMjhavaNa, duHkha ane becenI anubhavatA hatA ane eTale ja emane kahevuM paDeluM ke "he Izvara ! zuM mAre AvuM badhuM jovA mATe jIvavAnuM ? have mAre savAso varSa nathI jIvavuM ..AvuM badhuM javuM paDe enA karatAM to bahetara che ke tuM mane pAcho bolAvI le! "dihI hAyarImAM noMdhAyelI A badhI vAte khUba vedanApUra che ! khera, gAMdhIjI irache ke na iache teAye emaNe varNavela "sattA mATenuM nagna nRtya" ane bhayaMkara vinAza mATenuM pataMganRtya tyArathI zarU thaIne uttarottara joradAra, utkaTa tathA tIvra gatizIla banatAM gayAM che ane samayanA viSaya pravAhamAM sevA mATe sattA, saMpatti ane udA-pratiSaThA' e gAMdhIbhAvanAo uttarottara kSINa ta naSTa thatI thaI eTaluM ja nahi, racanAtmaka rAjakAraNa yA lekakAraNane badale sattAnuM rAjakAraNa ane pachI rAjakAraNa joradAra banatAM gayAM, jene yaza harajI ane emanA sAthIone phALe jAya che * dizI karajanA ThuMmaza: tA. 30-1-1948 nA divase gAMdhIjI avasAna pAmyA ane dezanA jUna/192 pathika For Private and Personal Use Only

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miraiNa bhAre jANe khAMTA paDI gayAH (1) neharunA hyANa rAjyakAdAne vinekhAjI 'sarveya'. je pitA gAMdhIjInA mArge svAma meLavyuM hatu. te ja rASTrapitAne navanirmANunA mA yajI dIpA ane bhaksavAda, samAjavAda ane sAmyavAda tathA pazcAtya lokazAhInI rItarasamathI yi ta thayelA javAharalali. raziyA-amerikAne mArge bhAratanuM nanirmANu karavAne mAtra apanAtha, je ta uvAda yA'kalyANa rAjyavAda'ne nAme pracalita thayA. krANu banne neRsrune maharSi cArvAka ane prakhyAta arthazAstrI keInsanI vicAradhArA-bhogavAdI vicArasaraNI khUba gamI gaI! cArvAkanA mane kAva tyA dhRta viSer / " balke devu karIne ghI pIe,' arthAt 'devu karIne paNa rASTranA vizvAsa karI e vicAradhArA khUba AkaSI' gaI, jene pariNAme chellAM 44 varSamAM bhAratane mAthe videzI njanA DuMgarA upara DuMgarA khAtA ja gayA ane karatA bhISaNa himAlaya nIce sArAye deza vadhu ne vadhu khatA gayA! karaja eTalu badhu vadhI gayu che ke muddala cUkavavAnI tema zu bhAja cUkavavAnIce tAkAta zAsAmAM rahI nathI ! eTale videzI karaja meLavIne A zAsaka vyAja cUkavavA prayAsa kare che ane A dezane vadhu ne vadhu videzI karajanA himAlaya nIce bhI'sI rahyA che! hA, kahevuM heya te jarUra kahI zakAya ke A dezanA vaDA pradhAnathI pradhAnA sudhI temaja mukhya maMtrIethI mAMDIne maMtrIo sudhI, ekreeka pradhAna IsroTAiTa kapaDAM paherIne, eraplenamAM besIne mAgayiATanI yA bhakhArInI jema bhIkha mAgavAnA dhaMdhA kare che ane bhAratanI Atu bhayakara lIlAma duniyAmAM parI rahyA che! eTalI badhI hRda bahAranuM karaja A lako vizva baeNnka, AI. ema. e., AMtararASTriya nANAMja DeLa ane vividha dezo pAsethI meLavI rahyA che ke eka divasa bhAratane nAdAro kADhavAne samaya Avaze ke jyAre rUpiyAnI tATA vizvabajAramAM kAgaLanAM cIthara banI jaze, jenI eka kaDI sarakhI- ce Upajaze nahi ! ATalI bhayaMkara hada sudhI A zAsako nIce ne nIce naphUTa, niSThura ane svArthAndha khIne dha:patana tara dezane DhasaDI rahyA che, jenA parAme dezamAM bhaya'kara garIbI, medhavArI, viSamatA, kuzikSaNa, lAMcaruzvatA, DuMgAvo, avamUlyana tathA bhraSTAcArA parAkASThAe paDhAMcI gayAM che. 1 kalyANa rAyabAda: bIjI bAjue A kalyANu rAjyavAde rAjya ja praznanuM kalyANa karaze e sUtrane ThIka ThIka joradAra banAvI dIdhuM che, jene lIdhe sattAnu kendrIkaraNa, vahIvaTanu kendrIkaraNa, vyavasthAmanu ane Arthika keMdrIkaraNu pazu vadhatAM ja gayAM che. kahevAya che ke A dezamAM lekAnuM taMtra che, leka zAha'-rALa banyA che! paNa rAjA teA bicArA, bApaDA, dIna, hIna ane vivaza banI gayA che, eTaluM ja nahi, kayAM che e lAkarAjA, jene enA munImA, sevA ke nAkarA to lavaleNa kAMI pUchatA ja nathI ? nokarA amanacamana, meAjazeAkha, vaibhavilAsa ane phAivasTAra holemAM lIlAlahera kare che! vAru, pelA lekarA kevI bhayaMkara dazAmAM che? dezamAM be lAkha gAmaDAM evAM che, jyAM pIvAnuM pANI ja lAmane maLatuM nathI ! 40 kArDa leAkA garIbInI rekhA nIce jIve che, jenI sAsara - dainika Avaka eka rUpiyAthI echI che! ane e eka rUpiyA eTale badhA nAnakaDA thaI gayA che ke jemAMthI 50 siMga-caNAye meLavavAM dubha che! eka Ta'ka peTa bharIne bhejaneya nahi, bahu adhe?- pardhA eka TaMka nAstA karIne leAkarA jIve che| tadrupaparAMta dezamAM khAra karADa loko sapUrNa bekArIne bhAga banyA che, make 412=12 karoDa leAkarAjAe A bekAra yA saMpUrNa bekAra anIne jIve che, jemanI pAse A zAkA(ApaNA nAkara)e pazune maLatI sAmAnya jAyatA, baTaku zaLa, ceTI kapaDAM, makAna, zikSaNa ane sAravArane 44 varSInA amala daramyAna paheoMcavA dIdhAM nathI ! Andreya dezamAM 86 karoDa lokomAMthI 65 karoDa leke nirakSara, abhaNu ane ajJAna dazAmAM jIve che. dezamAM saDA puNya.lAkha gAmaDAmAMthI aDhI lAkha gAmaDAMomAM zALA, makAna ke zikSakanAM ThekANAM ja jUna/1992 For Private and Personal Use Only

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nathI ! pachI pustakAlayo, vAcanAlayA, nyAyAmamadirA, udyogandirA, bAkSandirA ane regyaoNndrona vAta enAthIye vizeSa dInatAkarI che! A che ApaNA teharunA kalyANa rAjyavAdanA kalyANavijJAsa bha'kara citAra ! vaLI kkSA zAsakae bicArA lekarAne jJAti, jAti, kAma, sapradAya, paMkSa a anAmatane nAme evA te phdIne chinnachinna karI nAkhe che ke pUchavAnuM mana thAya che mAM che e leka, karyAM che e lekarAjA ?'' ApaNA sunI, sekreA mate rAkhe te ja berAjAne sAva chinnabhinna, vicchinna ane naSTaprAya H mRtaprAya banAvI dIdhuM che ane lADu, lAkata`tra ane kalyANarAyane nAme tamAma sattAme, vahIvaTa, vyavasthA arka Arthika khAkhatAnuM kendroNa karyu che. gAMdhIjIe kahapelI vikendrita ovasthA, grAmasvarAjya ane levarAjyane lagabhaga khalAsa karI nakhAyAM che! gAMdhIjInA svapnAnA cUrecUrA karI nakhAyA che; ene zIvizA mane dI'vidI karI nakhAyu che ! svadezI viruddha paradezI: trIjIbAjue A neharuvAdI zAsakoe bhAratamAM 150 videzI kampanIone melAvIne, 3750 kArakhAnAM nakhAvarAvyAM che, jenAthI dezamAM bekArI, zANuM ane AEArthika lUTa mATe emaNe videzIone tA ApI che, eTaluM ja nahi, narsi'harAva ane manameAhanasi'hanI koMgI sarakAre 51 TakA videzI kampanIone nimaMtrIne hajArA vadhu videzI hArakhAnAM nAkhavA mATe sAme caDIne AvAhana karyu che ; "re videzI ! bhArA dezamAM mAvo, kArakhAnAM nAkho ane RRmArA dezI kAmadArane bekAra banAvA, amArA dezanu zASaNa karI ane Arthika zUTa karIne amArA dezane pUrA pAyamAla karI tathA tamArA dezane vadhu AbhAda, vadhu saMmRddha ane vadhu sukhI banAvo." rAvanI sarakAra ane udArIkaraNa (biralijhezana) kahe che. khere, A udArIkaraNa nathI, mAM tA che bhAratanuM videzI gulAmIkaraNa. sAme caDIne dezane barabAda, pAyamAla ane lUMTAvA mATe. krAI bevakUra zAsaDhAnA namUnA jo jovA hAya ! e che neharuvanA. grAsA ! thANAne pUchavAnuM mane thAya che ke bhAratanA, gujarAtanA ke anya prAMtAnA leA zA mATe mahIthI AphrikA, mArezyasa, phrIjIM vagere dezamAM gayA hatA ! zuM A leke sthAnika lokane lUTIne, zoSIne potAne ane potAnA dezane samRddha sapanna karavA naDAtA gayA? tyAMthI lakSmIne DhasaDI, dhasaDI ane ujharaDIne lAvavA nahotA gayA! to enA uparathI samajI levA jevu che ke cADhe amerikA, iMglaeNnDa, phrAnsa, jarmanI, jApAna, raziyA, beljiyama A dezane AbAda karavA mATe potAnI videzI kampanIonAM kArakhAnAM zAne nAkhI lAM che. sArlR vAta che bhAratanI sa'pattine DhasaDI, ghasaDI ane ujharaDIne petAnA dezane AbAda karavAnI bhA videzI kampanIe 51 TakA udyoga, kArakhAnAM ke phekaTarIe nAMkhaze enuM zuM pariNAma gAma e vigate joI laIe : (1) A dezane kAco mAla gAmaDAM ke zaheromAMthI potAnAM udyogo-kArakhAta mATe DhasaDI jaze, jethI haste|dyoga, grAmodyoga, kuTira-udyoge! temaja dezI kArakhAnAM ane udyoga vacce kAco mAla kharIdavAnI bhAre harIphAI thatAM kAryo mAla khUba medhA thaI jaze, je kharInAnuM mApaNA dezI udyogane paravaDaze nahi. (2) videzI kampanIe! emAM kArakhAnAMgAmAM hAra mikenikezana'-ghuryaMtara yAMtrikIkaraNa, 'Te.mezana'-svayaM sacAlananI TekanA tathA rezanAlijhezana eNka mAni jhezana'-mAdhunikIkaraNa ane adyutanIkaraNa karaze, jene lIdhe AchAmAM ema bhANu sAne Ama maLaze, jethI dezamAM bekArI-kherAjagArI era vadhaze. (3) videzI kArakhAnAM 'suparphoIna'atizaya su...dara mAla taiyAra karaze, jethI ApaNAM bajArAmAM emanA mAla sAme ApaNA dezI udyoganA mAla krAtila spardhAmAM TakI zakaze nahiM, jethI ApaNuM bajAramAM dezI udyoga)nA bhAlanI ni, bI [anusa'dhAna pAnA 28jara) bhUmika jUna/1992 For Private and Personal Use Only

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aAghAnu nRsiMhumaMdira Do. viSNubhAI trivedI dezanA saurASTranA pUrva kAMDA para uttaranA ardhA bhAgatA cheDe Avelu jUnu purANyu khadara che. saurASTranA A kAMThA para vahetI mAlezrI nadInA keTalAka phAMTAmAMnA ekAdane enA bhUdaratI mukhya nALI gaNAya ane prAcInatAnI dRSTie joIe tA e valabhI rAjyanA eka jillA-mathaka jevA mULa hastavapranuM upa-khadara paNa hAya ! A sakriya aMdaranA itihAsa Isu pUrve khIjI-trIjI sadI paryaMtano haze evI gaNatarI che, paNa prApta soAdhanAthI taiyAra thayela itihAsa IsunA cotho-pAMcamA zataka sudhInA maLI zake che. muslima-AkramaNa eTale bhArae! ahI chaThThI-sAtamI sadImAM AvyAnA abhilekhIya purAvA che. tyAra pachI sthAnika rAjavIku ane muslima sarakArAnAM yuddho thayAM, paNa vepArI tathA dariyAkheDu prajAjIvana para khAsa asare! paDhAMcI nahi ane prastuta viSayanu maMdira AjanA dhAbAnA pravezadvAramAM ja samudra tathA je vikasI rahela nagaranA mArgomAM Avela maMdira-soMkulamAM ja Avelu che. sana 1980 thI 90 prathama tabakkAnuM atre darzana karAvyu che, je vadhu aitihAsika che. hAla te e "sarAI'nI madhyamAMnuM jUnuM maMdira kALa sAme TakavAtI sabhAvanA na dekhAtAM bhAvikAe tyAM navu zikharabaddha maMdira karAvI lIdhu che. sArI vAta e che ke A maMdiramAMnI mahattvanI vastu mUrti zilAlekha pADa-lekho sAcavavAmAM AvyA che ane te chellI traNeka sadI ja pratihAsa tapAsIe, paNa saMdabha rUpe AgaLa-pAchaLa AvAgamana enA vanamAM vikSepa nahi pADe evI Aza rAkhavAmAM Ave che. maMdirane praveza pUrvI tarapha ja hatA. praveza vacce eka sAthe cAka che, jenA pharate esarIe, pUrva tarapha ane cheDe erA ane khUNA para nAnI meDIe utArelI, sAme pazcima taraph madhyamAM osarIA bhAga, danaDA ane sAme meTA daravAjAnu` mATI-paththaranI dIvAla para gajI ane dezI naLiyAMnuM ja zikhara, pherA pUrajAmAM vadhAre eraDA hoya, paNa kALanA pachaDATe tUTI gayA haze. A eka uttara bhAratavarSanI kAI bhathaLanI dhama zALA sAthe maMdiranA sthApatyane khyAla Ape che. samaya sthaLanA Azare vistAra 25435 sITara gaNI zakAya. A ja sthaLe vaTemArgu ke yAtrALu athavA paradezI loka raDe ane nAhIdhoI bhagavAnanAM darzana-pUjana Adi paNa mahIM ja patAve, pachI ja kAmakAje dhaMdhe prayANa kare. saurASTranAM nAMkharAM gAmAmAM jyAM AkhI sasthAo che tyAM kAI prabhunA pyArA badAe roTalA eTale ane IzvarajjananI suvidhA karI ApI hoya che ane kA bhagatanI jagyA ke evAM nAma apAyelAM DrAya che. ahIM AA sthaLane "nRsiritA nAme peDhIethI lArka, vadhAre tA eka vaiSNava dhArmika rathape, eLakhe che. alabatta, varase par3emAM e sAi ke dharma zALA tarIke upayogamAM levAtI haze evI leAkavAyakA gAmamAMnA khugeoM pAsethA jAvA maLe che. nAma 'narasiMhamadira' che, paN gragaNya deva nRsi'huM bhagavAna nathI dekhAtA, emanI ekAda nAnakaDI poMcadhAtulI mUrti' gauNu devarUpe DAya evuM dekhAya chaeN, xzukha pUjaya deva tA jagadIza ke jagannAthanI kASThamUrti che, je traNeka rokA pahelAM rAjasthAnamAMthI ane lAvI pratiSThApita karI hovAtu pUjArI ane enA eka junA dekharekha rAkhanAra vaiSNava zreSThI, AjanI paribhASAnA TrasTI, taraphathI jANavAmAM AvyuM. bhagavAna viSNunA pUjAtA avatArA paikI A maMdiranA nAmavALA nRsiMhaiM bhagavAnanA avatAra sArI rIte pUjAya che. emanAM madirA dezanA anya bhAgeAmAM avazya joyA maLe che, paNa saurASTramAM pathika jUna/1992 5 For Private and Personal Use Only

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A dekhAtAM jaNAya che, kAraNa ke zrI. maNibhAI vArAe emanA mi-navaracanA', mArca, 80 nA 'kamAMnA lekha "hiMdu deva devIe'mAM madirAnI yAdImAM nRsiddhadaranA ullekha joke karyAM nathI, paNa gApanAtha(tA. taLAjA) mahuvA ane dIvamAM siMhanAM svataMtra nahi, paNa gau devakulikA-rUpe astitvamAM che. A zvAnA svataMtra madirane itihAsa bhale be-cAra sadI pUratA, pazu itihAsa pe agatyanI kaDIe joDe che; joke zruta itihAsanA pramANe te A maMdiramAMthI ke maMdiranA parisaramAMthI meLavI e kaDIe ekakhIjAte vyavasthita rIte joDI zakAya ema che. velA mAjathI aDhIsAthI traNase varasa pahelAM (17 mIthI 20 mIsadInI zarUJAta) saurASTranA pUrva kinArAnuM khabhAtanA akhAta paranuM sAruM` sakriya baMdara hatu. enI samRddhi pazu evI ja hatI, samudrayAnemAM lesa ane saDhanI sAthe sabaLa zakti pUrI pADatAM varALayAneA vaparAya zarU thayeA hate. nAnI mAgaeTA dariyA kheDavA lAgI hutI. a Mgreja kampanI sarakAra ane pachI briTiza tAjanuM zAlana sthira thatuM hatuM. sAthe vilAyatamAM paNa audyogika krAMti AvatAM enI mAncesTara ane nivarapUlanI kApaDanI milA kAma karatI thaI gaI hatI. ene jhINA tAranu rU misara ane amerikA pUru pADatAM hatAM, paNa enI gharAkI vadhAre tA jADA kharanI rahetI, jemAM bhAratavarSanuM maurASTranA uttara pazcima bhAganu maDhiyu' ane vAgaDiyu -kapAsanuM- rU vadhAre vaparAtu eTale tyAM dezamAM-saurASTranAM gAmaDAMmAM AvA kapAsanI moTI dharAkI hatI. sthAnika vepArI A kapAsa kharIdI ghevAnA vepArIne Ape, je emAMthI 3 juduM pADI, enI gAMsaDI presa karI surata ke mu MbaI mele, tyAMthI iMglaeNnDa ravAnA thAya. A ghaTamALamAM sthAniDha vepArInA je ghedhAnA ADatiyA temAM mAravADInu eka sAruM' evuka jUtha hatu. A rAjasthAnanI peDhIenA ADatiyA ApaNe upara vaNuM vela nRsiMha-maMdiranI sarAImAM rahetA. emanI pAsethI keTalAka aMgreja vepArIonA khAsa ADatiyA dhAdhAmAM ja AjanAM ca ane khristI lAAnAM raheNAkamAM Avela AlIzAna makAneAAM rahetA hatA. AvA eka baMgalA sana 1950-60nA dasakAmAM mA khristI carcanA vistAramAM lekhake joyelA, jemAM eka sArA grathabha DAra sAthe eka aMgreja pAdarI sahakuTuMba rahetA hatA. dhaMdhAnA A rUnA vepAranA AMkaDA tulanAtmaka rIte varasAvarasa vadhatA jatA hatA ane sAthe pUrva tathA pUrvottara saurASTranuM eka ja ma'dara dhelA badhI rIte suvidhAbhayuM` nIvaDayu hatuM. A vAta bhAvanagaranA dIvAna sva. zrI. gaurIzaMkara urphe gagA ejhAnA jIvanatimAM vAMcavA maLe che. Ama daranA pradezamAMthI kapAsa elagADIe ane pATho mAraphata bhAvanagara ke dhAvA Ave, tyAM pisAya, presa thAya ane pachI paradeza-IMglaeNnDa ja surata-muMbaI thaIne ravAnA thAya. Aje bhAvanagara ane mAma mAravADInA khAsa raheNAka-vistAra mAM AmAMnAM sukhI kuTu khete) vasavATa hatA, emAM jana ane vaiSNava kha'ne dharmanA anuyAyI rAjasthAnIo hatA. AmAMnA vaiSNava ke hiMdudha`vepArI tathA emanA ekaladekala rahetA AtiyA mATe A maMdira ane sarAI AzIrvAda jevAM hatAM. mA sajjane bAjunA ja kuDA ke evAM jakSAzayAmAM snAnAdi patAve, pachI Izvarastavana, bhagavAnanAM darzana Adi patAvIne divasanI vepAra jevI nityapratti Adare emane mATe vRddha jane ke jemane emane jIvana- vyApAra jovAnI taka maLI hatI tevA kheeka yujharga vepArIne "mA nRsiMha bhagavAna sAthe tamane zA sabdha hatA ?' ema pUchatAM ghelAnA e peDhInA eka agraNI vepArI sva. ratilAla eila-milavALa pAsethI jANavA maLeluM ke "A mAravADIe viSNu bhagavAnanA nRsiMhuM-avatAranA pUjaka hatA. vai, va jarUra, paNa emanA iSTadeva nRsiMha bhagavAna ane embInane maLe tyAre 'jaeNrAmajI'- ne badale je 'narasedhAjIkI' evu khelatA meM sAMbhaLyA che." A maMdiramAMnI mUrti emAMnI ghaNIkharI 'pathika jUna/1992 For Private and Personal Use Only

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A mAravADa taraphanA vepArIoe ja potAnA vatanemAMthI bhagAvI ane pratiSThita karAvI hatI. AmAM sthAnika vaiSNae sAtha ane sakAra Apele e vAta sAcI, paNa AjanI pUjAnI mukhya mUrti siMhanI nathI, e te kALA raMganA kaTTamAMthI kaMDArela jagadIza ke zrI jaganAtha bhagavAnanI che. AvI ja mUrti Apane bhAvanagaranA vizALa ane bhavya viSNava maMdira jagadIza bApAnI jevA maLaze. trIjI AvI ja mati ahIMnA dariyAkAMThAnA dariyAkheDuonAM raheThANamAM Avela maMdiramAM paNa che. A uparAMta A garbhAgAramAM jagadIzanI jamaNI bAju rAdhAkRSNanI zyAma ArasanI namaNI ane surekha mUrti che. sAthe rAma lakSmaNa jAnakInI paMca dhAtunI tripuTI che. nRsiMha bhagavAna kayAMka eka jagyAe vAghA-pita heAya ema jaNAyuM. maMdira Aje gAmamAM pravezatAM AvatA rAmakuM ane pachInA be zivamaMdira bAda Ave che. enA eka dakSiNa koNa para bahucarAjInuM nAnuM maMdira che. barAbara pUrvamAM saheja uttara tarapha nagaranA ISTadeva hATakezvaranuM maMdira pratiSThita che, je taddana navI bhAta pADatuM pazcimAbhimukha che. Ama A maMdira ane sarAI samudrathI dura nathI, baMne papa ki.mI. Azare gaNI zakAya, maMdiranI sthApanA karI hoya temaNe ja nibhAva mATe paNa vyavasthA karI jaNAya che. AjanA je rajadarabArI hastakSepa nahi hoya, kAraNa ke ghoghAnI zAsana-praNAlimAM satata pheraphAra thayA karyA che. ahIM evuM jamIna jAgIra ApyAnuM jANamAM nathI. dAna dagiNA-anuyAyIonI sahAya para ja maMdira nabhatuM hoya ema ene itihAsa tapAsatA jANavA maLe che. Aje je pUjAro che tenI pahelAM pUjA arcA ane jALavaNI ke dekhabhALa mATe eka bIjI ja vyavasthA hatI. AvI vyavasthA bIjAM maMdira ke devasthAnamAM gujarAtamAM, rAjasthAnamAM, uttara bhAratamAM ghaNI jagyAe vikhazava dharmanA ekAda saMpradAyanA sAdhuo karatAnI jANavA maLe che. ahI e ja paraMparA hatI. A sAdhue ziSyaparaMparAthI maMdiranI javAbadArI saMbhALatA hatA. AnA AdhAra jevI traNa caraNa pAdukAo jovA maLI. A pAdukAo paranA anilekhe vacata emanI ziSya paraMparA ane guruziSyanAM nAme ane samaya jANavA maLyuM. emAM ziSya gurunI ke ziSyane ziSya ke gurumAIe gurunI mAsI varasI ke bhaMDArA jevA tapaNavini karyAne ullekha che. jema gRhasthI hiMduomAM zrAddha tarpaNa ane bhajana jevA vidhi hoya che tevI rIte A sAdhusamAjamAM paNa keTalAMka vidhi ane rUDhie ke kema cAlatI marara prasaMga-ujavaNInI jema cAlatI hoya che te A paraMparAmAM cAlatI dekhAya che. Aje maMdiranI pUjA karatA navA brAhmaNa pUjArI bhI khabhAI pAThake AvuM keTaluMka jUnuM sAcavI rAkhyuM che ane vyavasthita goThavyuM che eTale enI pUjA paNa zraddhALu leke karatA hoya ema dekhAya che. A traNe pAdukA ArasanI samarasa Azare 50 thI para se.mI.nI cerasa che. ekAda tUTelI che, paNa emAMnAM kaMDAra ane lekha sUvAya che, enA be caro vacce kamaLanuM suMdara citra che. nIce lakhANa nAgarI lipimAM che. bhASA gujarAtI che, paNa lakhAvanAra sAdhu hiMdIbhASI sAdhu heenA gujaratI takSakane lakhAva je belAyuM te kaMDArAyuM che, paraMtu miti ghaNI cekasa che. mRtyu pAmanArane pAdukAnI pratiSThA karAvanAra sAthene saMbaMdha paNa spaSTa samajI zakAya ema che. caraNapAdukAna citro paNa nIce jaNAvyA mujaba ekasarakhAM che. 5050 se.mI.nI sapheda ArasanI takatI(sAdI)mAM upara lakhANa ane nIce padacihno vacce kamaLadaLa ane taLabhAge kula tathA aMgUThA ane AMgaLIo paNa spaSTa gaNI zakAya ema kaMDArelAM che. aMdaranuM lakhANa kramavAra traNe pAdukAomAMnuM For Private and Personal Use Only

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lIdhuM che. AnAthI maMdiramAM kayA mahAtmA vadhAre samaya rahetA, kaNa gurupade hatuM, koNa che ziSya hatA, ene sahaja khyAla Ave che. saM. 1918(sana 1862)nA bhAdrapadamAM sAdhu baLadradAsajI AvyAne nirdeza che. emanA garanA guru mahArAja zrIidradAsajI maMdiramAM ja rahI sevApUjA karatA hoya te maMdira sana 1700 pahelAM prasthApita thaI cUkayuM hoya ema mAnI zakAya. emAM pAdukA mAM sAdhunI bhASAne zabda "pAdikA yavahAramAM lIdhuM che. A pratiSThA sAdhunI chamAsI prasaMge karavAmAM AvI che. saM. 183ra vALI pAdukAmAMnA lakhANamAM bAbA balabhadAsajI rAmazaraNa thayAnI tathA uparanI takatImAM je ziSyanA ziSya evuM lakhANa che, e vaccenA samaye--khaMDamAM bAbA smRticha AvyA heya ema jaNAya che. emanA ziSa A beladAsajI. emanA bhArA samaye emanA ziSya giradhArIdAse nA pAdukA pratiSThita karAvI che. trIjI pAdukA uparanA guru balabhadAsajInA ziSya lAladAsajInI che, je emanI varasI-nimi gurubaMdhu giridhArIdAsajIe pratiSThita karAvI che, abhilekhe devanAgarI lipimAM che e joIe : 1. savaMta 1818 bhAdaravA sudI 8 guruvAra bIyArAja IndaradAsa ke (ka) siva ke si dharamatIsakA caraNapAdIkA sIsa balabhadAsajI pavArA chamAsI upara pratiSThA karI che. (I. sa. 1862) 2. savaMta 1932 mAgasara suda 3 budhavAra smRtijIna sISa bAbA balidAsajI rAmacaragati te bhaMvAra bhAgazara vada 1 semavAra karUM enA sIsa gIradhArIdAsa caraNapAdu padharAvA che !(I.sa.1876) 3. savaMta 1954 adhika Aso vada 13 guruvAra mahArAjazrI baladAsajIke sIsa lIladAsajI caraNapAdukA varasI para gurubhAI gIradhArIdAsajIe pratiSThA karI che ! (Isa 1898). Ama A traNa pAdukAonA pratiSThAvidhi guru ane ziSyanA paraMparAgata saMbaMdhane khyAla Ave che, je uttara madhyakAlanA dhArmika ItihAsa ane enI para parA tathA saMpradAyanA vaividhyane khyAla paNa Ape che. A sAdhuparaMparA ApatI A pAdukA karatAMya dharma ane emAMya devIpUjAmAM rasa dharAvatA itihAsanA abhyAsakAo mATe eka bIjI vastu che te aMdaranA bhagavAnanI pIThikAnA jamaNA khUNAmAM eka kALA ArasanI takatI che e che. A takatImAM eka yaMtra-je abhyAsa bAdazIya tra" hevAnuM nakkI thayuM te, tathA enI AsapAsanAM keTalAMka mahatvanAM abhilekhIya lakhANe utkIrNa kare che te jovA maLyAM. takatImAM gRhamAM zrIyaMtra utkIrNa che, sAthe enA dareka khUNe ane AjubAju keTalIka mAhitI utkIrNa karI che. A badhAmAM keTalIka evI mahatvanI vastu che, je prastuta viSayamAM vizeSa kaDIo Ape che. A takatI 65 se. mI. (Azare) corasa dareka bAjunI laMbAinI che. maMdiranuM khaMDane vaMtrane dheraNa mujaba cAre dizAe cAra dvAra che. A zilAthI khaMDa traNeka se.mI. nA che. yaMtra enA siddhAMta mujaba vaccenA biMduthI laIe te enA pharatA che trikoNa, videzomAMnA chellA ane moTAne laMba-pAye se.mI, ne che, jyAre enI baMne bAjumAM kaMIka nAnI heya ema dekhAya che. A baMne triANonAM cha zikharabaMduone sparzatu prathama vartuLa che, jene enI paribhASAmAM "vRttathI oLakhAvela che. A trikoNamAM bakhe evAM be bIja jeDaka gaNatAM cha thAya che, paNa enA kaNa zIrSa 14 (cauda) thayA, je kadAca vadhAre hoya ! aMdaranI tadLa karatAM bahAra Toca dharAvatAM 8 (ATha) kamaLa-daLa che, jemAM eka eka "zrI akSara-netra lakhela che. A prakAramAM uttara dakSiNa uparanA bhAge "" ane pUra pazcime nIce ja '' saMjJAo che. A kamaLanI pAMkhaDInI Toyane jUna/1992 pathika For Private and Personal Use Only

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sparzatA bIjAnA DAbA avakAzamAM nai haiM, pachI jamaNe jatAM sa%0 AvA akSara-maMtra kula ATha jagyAmAM che, je A ja kramamAM AgaLa ekasAthe prastuta che. A kamaLadaLa ceDuM meTuM dekhAI Ave che, enA pharatuM bIjI vRtta-vartuLa che, jene pAsa 11 se.ma,tA che. A vartuLa pharatu kamaLana daLanu eka veSTata che, jemAM kamaLanI sakhyA 12 (bAra) che. A dareka kamaLadaLamAM uttaranA DAbA daLanI aMdaranI maMtra sattA haiM zrI OM pachI jamaNAmAM OM zrI OM A mujaba bhAra daLamAM lakhAyela lakhANu-akSamatra AgaLa A ja kramamAM sAthe lakhela che. AnI a'daranA vartuLanA vyAsa 11.3 se.mI. che. A rIte khenI vaccenI jagyA, jemAM kamaLadaLa tathA enI vaccenI jagyAnA gALA 5.5 se.mI.nA thAya, enA parathI khyAla Ave che ke bahAranAM kamaLa Azare 2 se.mI.nAM ane aMdaranA 5 se.mI.nAM thAya che A yaMtra e zu che? hiMdu dharmasApra-prAmAM karyA pradAyamAM yaMtranI pUjA thAya che, emAM yatranA bhAvArtha ze, matI adhihika vigata joIe. bhAratavamAM mAtRpUjA-mAtRdevIpUjA eTale zaktine pUjatA sa`pradAyane 'kSAkta sapradAya' kahevAmAM AvyA che. emAM zaktidevInA pratIkasvarUpe AvA yaMtronI pUrjA thatI hatI. enA vibhAga maMDaLa, yaMtra (sAdA) te vizeSa racanAvALA zrIyaMtra jevA pratIkanI pUjAsAdhanA karavAnuM varNana Ave che. prastuta yaMtra---zrIyaMtra mATe aa viSayanA eka lekhaka zrIma'trane 'yaMtrarAja' kahe che, je emanA jaNAvyA mujama zaktipUjamAM agra sthAne che. A viSayanA mahattvanA dhaNAkharA lekhaka nirmANakartA pUjA mATenA A yaMtratI racanA para potAnI patie yojanAnA kSeA potAnA graMthAmAM prastuta kare che, paraMtu enA mULa bhAva tema bhAga lagabhaga sarakhA ja hoya che. badhAmAM keMdranu` khiMdu ane bahAranu bhUpura-mRddha corasa jarUrI che. aMdaranA vartuLa trANu aMte kamaLa daLa-padmanI sakhyAmAM pharaka rahe che, jenA vistAra karyA vagar rjAIzu. zrImad Adya za MkarAcAryuM zaktinA paNa pUjaka hatA, emaNe A viSaya para che ke enAthIye vadhAre graMtha lakhyA che. A viSayanA mahattva graMtha "so daSlaherI" che temAM A tra bAbata mAhitI ApatA zlokA che. zrI, na, ke. mahetA A maMtrane tripurasuMdarIne yaMtra' kahe che. emaNe emanA 'zAkta sapradAya' gra'thamAM je zleSTha upalabdha che te zaMkrAcArya uparAMtanA che te A takatInA bhAlekhakanA leAkathI judA paDe che, tulanAnI daSTie teIe. rudrayAmalamAM- "bindutrikoNa-vasukoNa-dazArayugmamantrakhanAgadala saMyutaSoDazam / vRzyaM ca dharaNI sadanatrayaM ca zrIcakrametaduditaM paradevatAyAH // A ja pleAka za'kadigvijaya'mAM ane bhAskarAye 'setubaMdha'mAM ApyA che. sauMda laharI'mAMnA agiyAramA zaika pazu zrIyaMtranuM ja varNana kare che : "caturbhiH zrIkaNThaiH zivayuvatibhiH paMtrabhirapi prabhinnAbhiH zaMbho navabhirapi kalaprakRtibhiH / * catvAriMzat vasudalakalAzrAvasathatrirekhAbhiH sArdhaM tava bhavanakoNA pariNatA // prathama zloka je 'rudrayAmala'mAMnA che te muja" zrIyatranI racanAmAM madhyamAM bhaM, pachI triANaje ATha triskrANutA samUha, pachI dasa trikANuM, pharI vAra khIjA dasa trizu, pachI 14 (cauda) trikALu, di ATha kamaLadaLa, tyAra bAda 16 (soLa) kamaLadaLa, pachI traNa vRtta, pachI bhRpura (cAra dvAravALA cerisa khaMDa), Ama zrIyaMtra racAya che, jayAre hoya ghaDarI' anusAra cAra U`mukha trikoNu (zrIkaNDa pathika jUna/1992 For Private and Personal Use Only

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athavA zivanA trikoNe, tyAra bAda pAMca aAmukha briNa (zaktinA avaLA trikoNe), ATha daLa bAda seLa kamaLadaLa, bAda traNa vRtta ane traNa rekhAvALuM bhUpura, je devInuM bhavana che. noMdha:- AmAM madhyamAM biMdu pharatA trio ane ene pharatAM vadhuLa tathA A badhAMmAM pAkamaLadaLa ekabIjAne barAbara meLa besADI bhUpuramAM samAvI levAyA hoya che. che. 7, marIna sesAyaTI, jela reDa, bhAvanagara-364002 saMdarbha 1. nRsiMha maMdira ghoghAno junA navAne punaH punaH sAthIo sara pazciya : 1. menaparI gosvAmI, 2. sva. manubhAI jAnI, 3. duSkata zukala sAme 2, zrI. bhIkhAbhAI pAThaka---maMdira pUjArInI maukhika vigate 3. sva. ratilAla zeTha oIla milavALAnI rUbarU mulAkAta 4. gaurIzaMkara (gaMgA) AjhAnuM jIvanacarsa, kauzikarAma vi. mahetA5. sva. na. ke. mahetAnuM "zAkta saMpradAya." 6. gujarAtano rAjakIya ane sAMskRtika ItihAsa, ra. che. parIkha ane ha. ga. zArI 7. saudaryalaharI ane zaMkaradigvijaya, Adya zaMkarAcAryanA viSayane.. zubhecchA saha... gujarAta rAjyanI 288 nAgarika sahakArI benkamAM beMkanI mukhya oNphisa temaja 19 zAkhAo mAraphata benkiMga sevAo dvArA varSo thayAM gauravavaMtuM prathama sthAna dharAvatI ApanI ja bene rAjakoTa nAgarika sahakArI benka, li. (zeDala-opareTiva benka) raji. oNphisa: nAgarika bhavana naM. 1, DhebarabhAI roDa, piTa baoNkasa naM. 253, rAjakoTa-360 001 grAmaH nAgarika baeNnka phonaH 33916-8 (pIbIesa) thApaNe: rU. 1 abaja 56 karoDa dhirANe rUA. 1 abaja 31 karoDa jitubhAI zAha vAIsa ceramena lalitabhAI mahetA mAnada menejiMga DirekaTara lAlajIbhAI rAjadeva ceramena jUna 1992 For Private and Personal Use Only

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sauraTanAM gAmonAM nAmakaraNa para vyApaka vanaspati-prabhAva (gatAMka pA. 28 thI cAlu) zrI jagadIza caM. chAyA, zreyasU' DhAMka gAmanuM nAmakaraNa vize evI mAnyatA pracalita che ke e gAma kaMkAIne bahAra AvyuM che tethI gAmanuM nAma "DhAMka' paDayuM che, paraMtu vanaspati-pramAvita gAmanAM nAmakaraNa vize vicAratAM hAMka' nAma yAda karyA vinA cAle ema nathI. kesuDAnAM jhADa khAkharAne palAza ke "ka" paNa kahe che. bAMglAdezanuM pATanagara 'kAkA' paNa vRkSa-prabhAvita jaNAya che. je 'ka' gAmanI AsapAsa eka kALe kesuDAnAM vRkSe vizeSa pramANamAM thatAM haze te tethI paNa DhAMka' nAma paDayuM he I zake. A muddo paNa vicAraNAmAM levuM joIe. bIju gAma DhAMkaLiyA. taNukaNA, taNasA, tAlA (taNasa)talagaNA, talagAjaraDAM, talavaNI, talALA, taLAjA, talodarA (tala) tharALA, zeraDI, thoriyALI, thorakhANa thara); ghAniyANA (thAniyuM'); dAtA (dAMtA); dALiyA (dALiyA-taMbaDI); dAtrANA (dAta); dudhALA, dudhI pAdara (dUdhavAM); dharALA dharAI (vara; dhaturiyA (dhara); dhuMvAva, dhuMvADA, dhaNiyA, (dhuvADAnuM jhADa), dhoLI, gheLA, gherIvAya (dhArI); dhAvA (dhAvaDA); nAMdarakhI, nAMdaNa khaDA, nAMdurI, nAMdaNa, (nokarI); nALiyA, nArI (nALI); dhAma (prAmA)i; palAsavA (palAza - khAkhare); prAMsalI (prAsa); pAlakha (pAlakha-bhAjI); pAnavA, pAnasaDA, pAnelI (pAna); pipaLiyA, pIpalaga, piparaDI, pipalANA, pipaLavA, pIpaLI, piparalA (pIpaLA); nAMgaleda (nAMgI; nagaDalA (nageDa ?); phoTa (pheTa); phaDadaMga (Da); phUlajhara (kUlamAMjhara); phagAsa (giyo; bAlAcaDI (balA; bAMgA (bAMga), bAvaLA, babalavaDa, bAvaLI, bAvaLavaDa, lAkhA bAvaLa (bAvaLa); bilakhA, biliyALA, bilezvara (bIlI), bUrI (bu); buTAvadara (buTa); vAva berAjA, cAMpA berAjA, madhu berAjA (era-kacchamAM bera'); beriyA" bariyA, boraDI, boradevI, beravAva (baraDI); beMga, aMbA (bhagere); bhAdrA (bhA); bhIMDA, bhIDiyA (bhIDI; mavA, maveDI (maDo)mahuvA, mauANa (mahuDo), moIyA (I); mULI, mULIlA (mULI); makhaNA, murakhADA (marakhA; rasanALa (rAsnA, rAI (rAI; rIMgaNiyA (rIMgaNI); raphAyA (raphaDI); rAtaDI (rAtIvela ?); rAyaDI (rAya ke rANavA (rAyaNa rUpAvaTI (rUpakuNI ); lajAI (lajAmaNI), lIbuDI, lIbuDA (lIMbu); lIbaDI, lIma, lImaDAvana (lImaDa); luNasara, luNIdhAra, luNAmarA (lUNI bhAjI); sedarA (lepha); leliyA lera (lelara-kacchI); sedarA (dha); leDayA (ya; vaDa, vaDu, vaDiyA, vaDAla, vaDALA, vaDALo, vaDeda, vaDavA, vaDavALA, vaDavANA, ghAMTavaDa, kAlAvaDa, kAnAvALA, bAkhalavaDa, babalavaDa, mAkhAvaDa, dhAbAvaDa, khIlAvaDa, cAMgakavaDa, zobhAvaDalA, saravaTha, citrAvaDa, hovaDI, vaktaza, vaTavA, vaTalI, vaDalI, vaTAmaNa, vaDanagara, vaDApaNI, vAsavaDa, thAnavaDa, mAMDAvaDa, chatavaDa bulAvaDalI lAkhAvaDa, senAvaDiyA, ghodhAvaDa, bhANavaDa, bhANavaDI, ghIvAvaDa, lulAvaDalI, kalAvaDI, bhUtavaDa, khaMDavaDalI, vanAvaDa, vaTavALiyA, zeThavaDALA, lAlavaDa, rAjAvaDalA, nathuvaDalA, rANAvaDalA, vaDekhaNa (vaDa), valAdaDa (vaya-kacchI), vaNa (vaNe); | sarasiyA, sarasau (sarasa5); saNakhalA, sasada, sanALI, saniyALa, sALiyA, sanala (Ni ); samI, samiyANA (sI); saMdariyALI (saMdI); supeDI (saMpuDI-karachI ?); zeraDI (zeraDI); semara jana/192 11 For Private and Personal Use Only

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(mo)zIla, zIlANA (zILavI; hADAtoDA (sAMkaLa; hamaDiyA (ramA); kaLiyAda (haLadara), anya vRkSaprabhAvita jaNAtAM gAme vaMthaLI, vaMthaLiyA vinA, vekarI, vANA, kAMgasI, AdelavADI, ghaNA, dhaNAda, gaNavA, gaNAtrA, maramaTha hariyAsaNa, hariyANA, kALI, haDamatALA, haDamatiyA, haLavada che. merA hAusa, grupa zALA, kedA (tA. bhuja, ji, kara-36 420) kacchanAM-nAnu-moTuM e raNa gujarAta sarakAranA mana upara eka vAta evI che ke rAnA vistAramAM vanaspati vAvI e pradezane hariyALa banAva. A prakalpa abhinaMdanIya che. baMne raNene comAsAnAM akhAtamAM vahI jatAM pANIne rokI levAnI vyavasthA karavAmAM Ave to raNanI jamInane pANIvALI ane IcchA pramANe badalI rahI zakatI hoya tevI upariyANa jamInane hariyALI banAvI zakAya ema che. amArA taraphathI gujarAtanA mAhitI khAtA taraphathI prasiddha thatA gujarAta pAkSikanA jUnA divALI aMkamAM "kacchanAmeTuM raNaH navasAdhyatA" lekha chapAyele che, jemAM surabArI pAsenA rAjya dhorImArganA pAnI ADe varasAdanAM pANI rokavA baMdha bAMdhI levAmAM Ave ane moTA rasanA moDhAnI kArInI khADIne hameMzane mATe AMtarI levAmAM Ave to pANIne saMgraha thatuM rahe ane beu paNa dhIme dhIme varasAdanA mIThA pANInA baLe mIThuM thatuM jAya. raNanA kayA bhAgane pANI nIce rAkho ane kayA bhAgane khulle rAkhI tyAM vanaspatine uchera karavo e kAMI lAMbI buddhi mAgI le evuM nathI. eTaluM ja Aje karavAnuM rahe che ke lazkarI dharaNe A yojanA hAtha dharavI joIe. narmadAnA pANI kacchamAM laI javAnI yojanA che ene paNa ukta baMdhathI bhAre baLa maLaze ane narmadAnuM pANI paNa bIjA upayoga mATe phALavI zakavAnI suvidhA thaze. eTaluM ja ke sarakAre A pejanAne kAragata karavAne mATe prAmANika ane saMnaSTha Ajana karavuM joIe. -taMtrI sthApanA : tA. 11-10-27 phena : papa3ra91/558350 dhI baroDA sITI ko-opareTiva baeNnka, li. raji. oNphisa : saMthAvasAhata, rAvapurA, vaDodarA-39001 zAkhAo: 1. saradArabhavana, nyubilI bAga pAse, Te. naM. 541824 2. paththaTa pAse, Te. naM. 541931 3. phategaMja, carcanI sAme, Te. naM. 3ra364 6. saradAra chAtrAlaya, kArelIbAga, Te. naM. 64812 pa. garavA zAkhA, jakAtanAkA pAse, vaDedarA, ke.na, 328349 dareka prakAranuM benkiMga kAmakAja karavAmAM Ave che. menejara : kAMtibhAI DI. paTela maMtrI caMdrakAMtabhAI ca. paTela pramukha kIkAbhAI paTela jUna 1992 pathika For Private and Personal Use Only

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sauMdaryadhAma sAdarA zrI. dhaneza rAvaLa jIvanamAM keTalIka mulAkAta samRtipaTa parathI khasatI nathI. saMvedanazIla haiyAne prakRtinA nizALa khoLAmAM besI kudaratanuM atI sauMdarya nihALavAnI kSa jyAre maLe che tyAre huM kharekhara pulakita bhAre bhAvavibhora thaI AnaMda atirekamAM khelAI jAuM chuM. A ja eka prasaMga gayA vAkANamAM gAMdhInagara pAse rileDa cAra rastAthI 15 kilomITara dura sAbaramatI nadInI bhekhaDa upara hariyALI vanarAImAM vasela sAdara gAmane ataya thaze e bane. joI enI bhavya bhUtakALanI bhavyatA ane ukhe ene ItihAsa, khaMDera eka eka avazeSa jANe khaDakhaDATa aTTahAsya karate mArI sAme potAnI vIsarAI gayelI gaura gAthAne aneka prasaMgacitra khaDAM karI rahyo. A e nagara che ke je briTiza kAla daramyAna jAherajalAlI-bharela eka suMdara nagara hatuM. rAjakIya bAbatanuM kendra ane enI bhavyatA mATe samagra vistAranA loko mATe AkarSaNa ane mulAkAtanuM nagara hatuM. A, Apane enA gaurava-bharelA bhUtakALa tarapha laI jAuM. cALIsa varSa pahelAnA enA ItihAsamAM daSTi karo te maLaze ene suvarNa-samaya ane bhavyatA ke suMdaratA ane rUAba. eka rajavADI zaherathI paNa adhika najaramAna hatI e nagarI, jANe koI madhyayuganA saMmAnanuM ki. baMdha lazkarI chAvaNInuM nagara. aMgrejI hakUmata samaye AjubAjumAM nAnAM moTA dezI rajavADAMonI pravRtti temaja eenI samagra hilacAla upara najara rAkhavA pitAnI hakUmatanA nejA nIce vahIvaTI ane rAjakIya nirIkSaNa mATe garvanara janarala opha InDiyAne nImela poliTikala ejanTa lazkarI darajajAnA aphasaranuM nagara te sArA. rasma sAbaramatInA kinAre, dezI rajavADAMonI riyAsatenI makhamAM yuropiyana prajAne mAphaka Ave tevuM khuzanumA havAmAna dharAtuM sAdarA nagara pasaMda karavAmAM AveluM. | dosaNa mANasa baroDA rasa AMbaliyAsa pethApura aluvA vAsaNa ane cheka hiMmatanagara IDara tathA sAThaMbA sudhI dezI rajavADAM jenI hakumata nIce heya temaja keTalAka jAgIradAra dezI rAjapIonI hesiyata jeTalI briTiza sarakAramAM paga ane mobhe dharAvatA hoya te paNa enI sattA nIce che. pIMDAyA lodarA jego jAgIradAra ebho paliTikala ejanTa jALavate heya evuM A nagara Aje khaMDerabhUmi banI pitAnuM pratibiMba sAbaramatInA jaLamAM ogALI rahyuM che. A, enI e samayanI amitA batAvuM. prathama liTikala ejanTa eka lazkarI amaladAranerUAbanuM bhavya sthAna-baMgale ke jenA mukhya be vizALa daravAjA pharate killebaMdhI ane aMdara vizALa eDA bhoyataLiyuM ane upara mALa jemAM raDuM dIvAnakhaMDa vAMcana-khaMDa, mulAkAtIo mATe pratIkSArUma, beDarUma temaja enI vizALa bArI ane nadInuM samagra saudarya nihALI zakAya evI khulI gelerI viziSTa rIte dhyAna kheMce che. AthamatA sUrajanI khIlatI saMkhyA enA jharUkhe ubhA rahI jevAnI ahIM ame taka che. khIlelI saMdhyAnA raMgamahelamAM jANe koI ApaNI pratIkSA karatuM hoya ema lAge che. bIju enuM kIrti- taMbha samuM gauravasthAna te mahArANI vikaTAriyAnI si85-mUrti joDelo aitihAsika TAvara ke je mukhya bajAramAM Avela che. enA samayanI kalAkArIgIrIne namana ane sArA nagaranI suMdaratAnI jhalaka tathA tyAMthI zarU thatA poliTikala ejaTanA baMgalA sudhInA vizALa raste, enI A jubAju dezI rajavADAMonA nAmazeSa utArA, vizALa nivAsasthAne, verAI aMbAjInuM jUna/1992 13,, For Private and Personal Use Only

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maMdira, zrInAthajInuM maMdira, A uparAMta gAmathI thoDeka dUra TI.bI. seneToriyama ane enuM bharacaka bajAra tathA navuM sthapAyela gujarAta vidyApIThanuM mahAvidyAlaya vagere jotAM enA bhagya bhUtakALane aNasAra AvyA vagara rahetuM nathI. ahIMnI vikaTeriyA memeriyala lAIbrerImAM jUnAM aprApya aMgrejI pustakAne mahAmale bha kAra che, e jamAnAmAM AvatA briTiza amaladAre emanA mahemAnonuM saMmAna tema bahumAna, darajajA pramANe ejanTa Tu dha gavarnara-janaralane apAtI tenI salAmI ane sainikonI pareDathI gArDa oNpha onara ApavAmAM AvatuM. A badhI vAta sAMbhaLatAM lAge ke sArA vistAranuM jANItuM A nagara e samayanuM AgavuM sthAna dharAvatuM hatuM. lokazAhI AvyA bAda enI bhavyatA osarI gaI, chatAM gAmanuM vIjaLIkaraNa karavaphasa ane DAmaranA rastAonI sagavaDo, TI. bI. seneToriyama vagere hAlane vikAsa batAvI rahyAM che. eka jamAnAmAM brAhmaNa, vaiSNava vANiyA, rAjapUta ane Itara jAtio merI saMkhyAmAM ahIM vasavATa karatAM hatAM. - have Apane enA mahatvanA sthAna tarapha derI jAuM, e che nadInA kinAre poliTikala ejanTanA baMgalAnI sAva najIka zrI jakSaNI mAtAjInuM maMdira. divyabhavya mUrti, suMdara sAMdu chatAM aMdaranA garbhadvAramAMnuM kalAtmaka maMdiranuM bAMdhakAma jotAM ghaDIbhara enA sAMnidhyamAM bhakitabhAvathI besavAnuM mana saheja thaI Ave. Aje amadAvAda ane gAMdhInagara temaja AjubAjuthI leke ujANI ne holIDe-kempa mANavA ahIM Ave che. navarAtranA divase mAM mAtAjInuM sthAna tema gAma eka mahAusavamAM pheravAI jAya che. AbAlavRddha sau koI pitAne AnaMda kare che. bhAdaravA mahinAnA bIjA ravivAre dara varase ahIM lekameLo bharAya che, vahe ditavArInA meLA tarIke e prakhyAta che, have enA ItihAsanuM chelluM pAnuM ke jemAM evI vibhUtioe A dharatI para pitAnAM padacihno mUkyAM che. kavisamrATa nAnAlAle rAjakumAra kolejamAM AcArya tarIke sevA ApelI. 2. vi. pAThaka jevI virala pratibhAe ahIM vakIlAta karelI. sva. itihAsavida che. rasikalAla cho. parIkhanA pitAzrI choTAlAlabhAI paNa ahIM vakIlAtane vyavasAya karatA hatA. AvA te enA bhavya bhUtakALamAM sUraja UgyA ane AthamyA, paraMtu have mArI A sthaLa mATe gujarAta sarakArane eka apIla che; je enA vikAsa mATe kaI lejanA banAve te jarUra A sehAmaNuM nagara pikanika-senTara ke holIDe-kempa banI eka vAra pharIthI lekonuM AkarSaNa banI rahe. enAM suMdaratA ane sthAne jotAM koI giridhAma jevuM dekhAya che. tyAM Avela gujarAta vidyApIThanuM "mahAdeva devAI mahAvidyAlaya "TI. bI. seniTeriyama" "talATI kama-maMtrInuM TreniMga senTara' vagere enA vikAsamAM sahAyarUpa banaze. che. sRbhASabrija, ghanazyAmanagara, bloka naM. eN che, amadAvAda-380027 [anuM. pa. 20 tha] kaMchane itihAsa kALanAM gADha aMdhArAM vacce garaka thaI gayele jaNAya che. e samayanI kacchanI paristhiti para jANavA joga sAdhana-sAmagrInA abhAve kaMI prakAza paDI zakatA nathIsikaMdaranA samaya pachI athata I. sa. pUrve so base ke traNa varSa daramyAna mauvaMza ziMgavaMza ane grIka leke paNa ka8 para pita pitAne amala calAvI gayelA jaNAya che." zrI rAmasiMhajI kA. rAThoDanI eka vAta nedhavI paNa rasaprada thaI raheze ke "kacchanI junavANImAM emanA ghaNA avaze zodhyA jaDI Ave che ane jaLavAyelA maLI rahe che, yAda, mI, yavane, zake, kSatra, gupta, haihayo, dU, maitra, gurjara, caulukyo vagere ane pachIyA kAThI, sumarA, samA ane jADejA vagere jAtionI asara kacchanI prAdezika prathAone taLapadI lakSaNukatAnuM svarUpa Ape che." . osavALa phaLiyuM, mundrA (kaccha)-370421 jUna 992 For Private and Personal Use Only

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porabaMdaranA mahinadAsa gAMdhInuM prathama saMmAna zrI. nalinakAMta jozI porabaMdara dezI rAjyanA samayamAM mahArANA bhAvasiMhajInuM rAjya hatuM. ribaMdaramAM janmela ane emAM paNa rAjyanA kArabhArI gAMdhI karamacaMda otamacaMdanA putra mehanadAsa gAMdhI paradezathI berisTara eNTa-lenuM bhaNIne pitAnA vatanamAM AvatA hatA tyAre haju mehanadAsa mahAtmA"nuM biruda pAmela na hatA, eka sAmAnya nAgarikanI jema ucca keLavaNI laIne vatanamAM AvatA hatA. AvA pitAnA rAjyanA panotA putranuM saMmAna na kare te rAjapartA kRtanI ja kahevAya. porabaMdara rAye AvA panotA putranuM saMmAna karavA hajurahukama karI, svAgata-samAnanI taiyArI karI rAjyanA amaladAro agragaNya nAgarikane tA. 6-12-1901nA roja zukravAre bapore be vAge baMdha upara sTImara raste AvanAra mohanadAsane sarakAranA nimaMtraNa ApyuM. rAjya svAgata mATe 1. peTa supa2 ane 2. baradAsta aiphisaranu DepyuTezana nImI svAgata mATe mokalyA. dariyAkinAre UbhA karela samiyANAmAM mehanadAsane laI jaI tyAM rAjayanA saranyAyadhIze aMgrejImAM taiyAra karela mAnapatra vAMcyuM, jenuM gujarAtI bhASAMtara zrI gaNapatarAya nAnAbhAIe vAMcyuM. tyArabAda sepArI-vidhi karavAmAM AvyuM. " mohanadAsa gAMdhIne rAjapanA mahemAna gaNI bhAvasiMhajI mahArAjanA baMgalA "dariyA mahelamAM utAro ApavAmAM AvyuM. rahe tyAM sudhI rAjyanA mahemAna gaNI sTeTanI gADI emanA havAlAmAM rAkhavAmAM AvI. e divase sAMje darabAragaDhamAM mohanadAsa gAMdhI mahArANAnI salAmIe jAya tyAre adhikArIo, agragaNya nAgarikone hAjara rahevA nimaMtraNa-Adeza ApavAmAM AvyuM. A amaladAromAM mehanadAsanA bhAI ane rAjayanA baradAsta ophisara lakSmIdAsa paNa hatA. A samaye lakSamIdAsanA hadayamAM kevA bhAva umaMga haze ? mAna patra uparAMta rAjya rUpAnI kaI cIja bakSisa paNa Apela, A mohanadAsa gAMdhIne Apela mAnapatranI gujarAtI nakala nIce mujaba che. vaMdana che e nAgarikane ane kRtanI rAjyane : "ra 2. mohanadAsa karamacaMda gAMdhI, bAra-eTa-le "dakSiNa AphrikAmAM daza varSa uparAMta vAsa karyA pachI ApanI vRbhUminA kinAre AnuM pAchuM padhAravuM thatAM, khuda nekanAmadAra mahAraNi sAheba terAthI, Apane ghaNuM ja aMtaHkaraNapUrvaka AvakAra ApavA mATe mane AjJA thayelI che. ApanI janmabhUmi porabaMdara che, tathA porabaMdara saMsthAnanA eka mAjI divAnanA A5 putra che ethI khuda nAmadAra mahArANAsAheba magarUra che. dakSiNa AphrikAmAM ApanI kArakIrdi evI svArpaNayukata tathA dezabhaktivALI nIvaDelI che ke A saMsthAnanI je reta vepAravaNaja arthe AphrikAmAM thaDA samaya mATe gharabAra karI rahelI che, teo ja phakta nahiM, paNa tamAma hiMdavAsIe, je te pramANe tyAM vaselA che, teo sarve, ApanA nAmane mAna tathA upakAranI lAgaNIthI haMmezAM snehapUrvaka saMbhAraze. dakSiNa AphrikAmAM hiMdavAsIonAM kArya mATe Ape karelA svArtha rahIta parIzrama vagara teone te deza kakSAroe choDI de paDyo heta, te sAthe Apa evuM batAvI ApavAmAM phateha pAmyA cho ke malike muAjhama kaisareDidanA vizALa mulakamAM vasanArI bIjI prajAo karatAM hiMdavAsIo briTiza tAje pratye vaphAdArInI bAbatamAM kaI paNa rIte utare tevA nathI, hiMdI emyulansa palaTaNe jeNe pathika jUna/1992 For Private and Personal Use Only

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potAnA kAmeAthI, zAMta hiMmata, zauya tathA peAtAnI kRpALu biTiza rAjya pratyenI bhakti mATe dakSiNa AphrikAmAM rahenAro havAsIonI nAmanA sthAyita karelI che, te palaTaNa, ApanA athA utsAha, ajIta dhaiya tathA kuzaLa agresarapaNAne lIdhe ubhI thaI hatI. A kRtyathI te dUra dezamAM rahenArA hidavAsIoe sAbIta karI ApyuM che ke tee malIke mujhama kaeNsaraiddhinI yuropIana prajA jeTale ja darajje te nekanAmadArano ekaniSTha tathA rAjyabhaktivALI raiyata gaNAvavA mATe yegya che, tathA potAnA rAjakartA mATe potAnI jIMdagI jokhamamAM nAkhavA mATe teTalA ja tatpara che. svAtmApaNu karIne biTiza dakSiNa AphrikAmAM Ape Apana! svadezIgmAnI je sevA bajAvelI che te sevA kharekharI amUlya che, Ave! sadguNa, mAre khedanI sAthe kahevu paDe che ke, ApaNA lekAmAM bhAgyeja jovAmAM Ave che, te dUra pradezamAM vasatA hiMdavAsImAM yuropIaneA jevA ja rAjakiya temaja vyApAra samRdhI je hakko tathA chUTa, hAlamAM bhAgave che tathA te banne kAmAmAM je sadbhAva AjakAla vyApI rahyo che, te bruSA ApanA ja athAka parizramane lIdhe che. "samApta karatAM huM Apane ApanA vatananA zaheramAM pAchA pharatI vakhate kharA dIlathI karI AvakAr ApuM chuM, aMte vaLA pAchuM' karyuM' chu ke Apa pAramaMdaranA vatanI DhAvAthI ame sa magarUra chIe, neka nAmadAra khudAvida mahArANAsAhebane potAnA rAjyanA eka mAjI dIvAnanA putra che. ethI vizeSa satASa thayA che. tathA te nAmadAra AzA rAkhe che ke pAtA dezanu tathA dezIenuM bhaluM karavA mATe kAI pazu bAbata pAchI pAnI na kADhe eMva! ApanA jevA UmadA lAsu tathA ravabhAvavALA narI hajI vadhAre porabaMdaranI bhUmimAM utpanna thAe. tA. 6 DIsembara 1901 su "pAbaMdara," paraba'daranA sarakArI daphatarabhaDAramAM sacavAyelo nakala uparathI A kesa kala mekalela che. asanna mAnapatra tarabhaMDAramAM surakSita che. The. daphatarabhaDAra kacerI, pAraba dara-360575 [anu. pA. 18 thI] pachInI mAne che. siMgala kavitAnI prAcIna hastapratAmAM vi.bri'! kAMI dohA maLatA nathI, eTalu ja nahi, vIsamI sadInI pra.mAM ja e maLe che e pazu sUcaka che. je hAya te, para`tu emanu jIvana hiMdutvanA saMskAradhI bharapUra ne mAtRbhUmine mATe jAna nyAchAvara karavA sadA tatpara hAvAnu enI prakINuM racanAo paradhI pazu spaSTa thAya che. rAjasthAnamAM janajAgaraNa karavAnuM kAma kAI paN kavitAthI kama nathI ! eTale ja teA acalagaDhanA ma*diramAM kavinI dhAtupratimA I.sa. 1628 mAM aMkita prasthApita thayela che, je enI sauthI meATI siddhi kahevAya, kemake A rItanI DhAI kavinI pratimA sthApita thayAnuM AmAM nathI ! 3. hAIskUla, jAma kaMDoraNA-36 040pa(ji. rAjakATa) pAdaTIpa 1 cAraNa sAhityakA ItihAsa bhA 1, OM. mehanalAla jijJAsu 2 mahArANA pratApa smRtigraMtha. sa. DI. devIlAla pAlIvAla 3 piMgala meM vIrarasa, Do. mAttIlAla menariyA jUna 1992 For Private and Personal Use Only pazci

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durasAjI ADhA zrI. hasamukhabhAI vyAsa amuka kavi amuka rasanA paryAya manAya che, jemake, kAlidAsa arthAta zRMgArarasa, bhavabhUti eTale karuNarasa, IsaradAna eTale bhaktirasa, te durasAjI arthAta zauya ne vIrarasa ! prastuta lekhana nAyaka (rasAi mughala bAdazAha akabaranA samakAlIna, eTaluM ja nahi, akabara sAthe saMkaLAyelA hovAnuM manAtuM hovA chatAM enA atara-bAhya jIvana vize bAdhArabhUta hakIkata bahu maLatI nathI - rAjasthAnanA mAravADa prAMtamAM Avela ghUMdalA gAmamAM mehAjI nAmanA garIba cAraNane ghera vi. saM. 1pa9ra mAM emane janma thala. iMdalA gAmane badale keTalAka 'ADha' nAmanuM gAma batAve che, je hoya te, paNa e A zAkhanA rAra hatA. gharanI sthiti sAdhAraNa te hatI ja emAM durasAjI cha varSanA thayA tyAM pitAe samarasa grANa karI ghara choDI dIdhuM' ! cha varSanA durasAne mATe kaparI paristhiti che. AjIvikA meLavavA mATe jyAM-tyAM kAma karate bALaka eka kheDUtane tyAM kAme rahyo. khetane svabhAva ati dhI. eka kathA pramANe eka vakhata kuvAmAMthI sIMcAtA pANIne dhoriye tUTI gaye. bALaka e ne sara karI zakyo naha ne pANI tarapha veDaphAvA lAgyuM tyAM kheDUta AvI caDyo. ra dazya joI, bALakane dhamakAvI tUTelA gheriyA ADe sUvAne Adeza Ape. bALake e pramANe karatA kheDUta enI bAjumAM mATI nAkhI jato rahyo ! e daramyAna bagaDInA ThAkara pratApasiMha tyAMthI pasAra thatAM emane dayA AvI ne bALakane uThADyo. pUchaparacha karatAM mAnava-pArakhu dAkAre bALakanI tejasvitA paNa lIdhI. bALakane potAnI sAthe pitAnI jAgImAM lAvI ucita zikSaNanI vyavasthA karI ApI. dhIme dhIme bALakanAM suSupta zakti-gu khIlavA lAgyAM, yogya abhyAsa pUrNa thatAM durasAjI ThAkoranI rAjasevAmAM joDAI gayA. kAvya-zakti paNa chUTaka chUTaka paMktiomAM pharavA lAgI. svAmilA dusAI ThAkorane vizvAsa jItI letAM ThAre enI potAnA aMgata salAhakAra ane senApati tarIke nimaNUka karI, eTaluM ja nahi, be mAmAdalA ane nAtAlaDI)nI jAgIra paNa ApI! eka vakhata akabara bAdazAha se jatanA mArge thaI AgrAthI amadAvAda jaI rahela tyAre sejatanA utArAnI ane mArganI suvAvasthA jALavavAnuM kAma dulAjIne saMpAyela. e samaye gujarAtamAM AvatI veLAe bAdazAhanA vizrAmasthaLAmAM mukhya sajAnuM vizrAmasthaLa hatuM, rasAe enI vyavasthAzaktine paricaya karAvI eTalI suMdara vyavasthA karI ke bAdazAha akabara prasanna thaI, enI mukta prazaMsA karI moTuM InAma paNa ApyuM. tyAthI kahevAya che ke durasAjIne zAhI saMparka zarU thayo. vi.saM. 1640 daramyAna sirohInA rA surata siMha sAme meDatAnA jagamAla rAThoDanI madade akabara jAre zAhI senA mekala tAre mAravADa japa taraphathI zAhI senAnI madade je senA mekalAla temAM durasAjI pramukha hatA. Abu najIka ghamasANa macyuM. sAMjanA yuddha yaMgyuM tyAre suratAsiMha yuddhanA medAnamAM ghUmI rahyA hatA tyAre eka ajANI ghAyala nekane joI ene mArI nAkhavAne emaNe sAthenA sainikone Adeza ApatAM eka sainike talavAra upADI te durasAjIe pote cAraNa I na mAravA vinaMtI karI. tyAre rANasiMhe khAtarI mAgatAM dUrasAjIe yuddhamAM vIragati pAmela samara devanI prazaMsA karate ho kahI saraLA : pathi jUna 192 For Private and Personal Use Only

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dhara rAva jasa DuMgarA brada pitAM satra ho; samare maraNa sudhAro, cahuM ekAM cahuANu." suratAsiMhane ghAyala sainika cAraNa hevAnI khAtarI thatAM tyAMthI upaDAvI, pitAnI sAthe sirohI lAvI yogya sAravAra karAvatAM TUMka samayamAM e sAjA thaI gayA. pitAne jIvanadAna ApanArane tyAM ja pachIthI kavi rahyA. suratAsiMhajIe emane jAgIra paNa ApI. aravalalInI pahADIomAM behola banI kuTuMba sAthe bhaTakatA pratApe aMte akabaranI sAthe samAdhAna karI levAne kaDavo nirNaya karyAnA samAcAra durasAjIne maLatAM eo pratApanI pAse doDI gayA ne pratApanI kSaNika nirbaLatAne potAnI zauryabharI evI vANIthI khaMkherI nakhAvI punaH jAga karyAno eka daMtakathA paNa maLe che, je sarvathA anucita che. hA, tatkAlIna samaye hiMdu rASTranI avagati thatI joI ene kavijIva UkaLI UThato ne AnA samarthAmAM rAjasthAnamAM janajAgRti lAvavA emaNe prayatna zarU karela. saMbhava che ke emane A abhiyAna daramyAna koIe. uparane prasaMga upajAvI kADhayo hoya ! " kavinuM aMgata jIvana joie to emane be -tnIo ane cAra putra bhAramala, jagamAla, sAdUla ane kisana heganuM manAya che. bIjI patnI para tene vizeSa prema hato. ema kahevAya che ke saMpatti bAbate moTA putra jagamAla sAthe vikhavAda thatAM kavi badhuM choDI, nAnA putra kisananI pAse AvI aMtima samaya (athata mRtyu I.sa. 1655) parvata rahela. | dAsAnuM Ayu jeTaluM dIdhuM hatuM tenA pramANamAM emanuM sarjana eTaluM vipula nathI. emanI je racanAo hovAnuM noMdhavAmAM Ave che temAM 'viruda chittI' kiratAra bAvanI' ane zrI kumAra ajAjInI bhUcara merInI gajagata" uparAMta prakIrNa racanAo maLe che. AmAMthI vi. chi' sivAyanI be racanAo saMdehAtmaka che, te 'viruda chittarI' paNa kavinI racanA na hovAnI dalIle karAya che. TUMkamAM nadhiIe : ' (1) AgaLa kahyuM tema kavi jenA Azrita hatA te akabaranA jAgIradAra Azrita hatA. have jenA Azrita hoya tenA svAmI vize koI aghaTita ke abhadra vANI bole e kevI rIte saMbhave ! "vi.hi.'mAM kavie akabara mATe adhama "lAlacI' "maccha amA" "kuTila' hiyATa' (juo viraha chihArI' 1-3-4-8-71) ItyAdi. hA, "vi. chi.'nI vANI zauryarasane uttejaka zAjI avazya che ! (2) "vi..inA nIcenA dehAmAM kavi akabara-pratApa vacce debArI daravAje yuddha thayAne ullekha kare che: devArI suradvAra aDiyo ari asura, laDiye bhaDa lalakAra, pilAM khela, pratApasI." ' have hakIkata e che ke akabara ke enI senA sAthe pratApanuM bArI daravAje kayAreya yuddha thayuM ja nathI. ukta doDhAmAM "pila' zabda udayapuranA daravAjAo darzAve che, paraMtu tyAre arthAta pratApanA samaye e daravAjAonuM haju astitva ja nahotuM ! kemake udayapuranA koTa ne daravAjA pratApanA pautra karNa siMha (vi. saM. 16 16-86) zarU karAvela ne mahArANA saMgrAmasiMha bIjA (saM. 1767186) daramyAna pUrNa thayela, AthI De. motIlAla enAriyA jevA vidvAna A kRtine saM. 1808 anu. pA. 16 nIce jana1992 pathika For Private and Personal Use Only

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mauryayuga ane kaccha zrI saMjaya pI. ThAkara prAcIna bhAratanA mahAna rAjanIti, mauryayuganA mahAmAnava, "arthazAstra graMthanA racayitA cANakyanA jIvana para AdhArita hindI TI. vI. sIriyala dara ravivAre savAre TI. vI. para darzAvAI rahI che tyAre maurya yuga samayanI kacchanI sthiti, maurya zAsana ane karachanA saMbaMdha vize jANavuM prAsaMgika ane rasaprada thaI raheze. maurya rAjAoe kula 137 varSa rAjya karyuM e bAbatamAM sarva purANe ekamata che. mauvaMzanI sthApanA I. sa. pUrve 322 nA arasAmAM thaI heI, ene aMta I. pU. 185 nA arasAmAM AvyuM gaNAya, paraMtu kaccha ane samagra gujarAtamaf magadhanA e rAjavaMzanI sattA chevaTa sudhI rahI hatI ke tyAM bIjA deI rAjavaMzanI sattA pravartatI hatI e bAbatamAM kaMI cekasa mAhitI upalabdha nathI, Ama chatAM aitihAsika pramANabhUta purAvA ane vizvasanIya kaDIone AdhAre ema kahI zakAya che kaccha-gujarAtamAM maurya sattA pravartatI hatI. - gujarAtano sAMskRtika ItihAsa, bhAga 1-2'mAM zrI ratnamavirAva bhI marAva joTe lakhe che ke miaurya sAmrAjyanuM keMdra gujarAtathI hajAra keza upara pATalIputra (hAlanA paTTAmAM) hovA chatAM enI sImA pazcima samudrane aDatI hatI ane ApaNe prAMta maurya sAmrAjyano eka bhAga ho e te gira'nAranA zilAlekhathI siddha thayelI vAta che. A zilAlekha I. sa. pUrve ra74-ra37 nI vacce che.. maurya sAmrAjyanA samayanI bIjI vigata ApaNA (gujarAta) prAMtane lagatI khAsa na maLavA chatAM A vaikhanA sthaLa ane kauTilya - artha zAstramAM saurASTra ane aparAMtanA ulalekhathI paNa eTaluM te eka manAya ke A vibhAga A bAda he joIe. samrATa caMdragupta maurya (I. pU. 322-298)nA samayamAM ene sALA vaya puSyagupta saurASTranA sUbo hato. eNe sudarzana taLAva giranAra-urjata parvatanI taLeTImAM baMdhAvyuM hatuM. mahAkSatrapa rudradAmAnA (I sa. 150) lekhathI e paNa samajAya che ke caMdragupta pachI maurya vaMzane zobhAvanAra ane putra biMdusAra mitrana (I. pU. ra9-277) gAdIe AvyA. pachI jagaprasiddha samrATa azeka (I. 5, 273-ra07) gAdIe AvyuM. enA samayamAM saurASTrane che yavanarAja tuzAspa hato." gujarAtane rAjakIya ane sAMskRtika itihAsa, graMtha-2: mauryakAlathI guptakAla'- (saMpAda thI sikalAla cho. parIkha ane hariprada saM. zAstrI)mAM jovA maLe che ke giranAranA abhilekhethI e spaSTa thAya che ke gujarAta maurya caMdragupta ane enA pautra azakanI ANamAM hatuM. mauryakAlamAM AnasaurASTranuM zAsana-nagara kyAM haze ene spaSTa ullekha nathI, paraMtu caMdragupta A sthaLe sada na taLAva karAvyuM ane azoke ene sudaDha karI pranALI(nahera)thI alaMkRta karyuM e uparathI anumAna karI zakAya che ke maurya yugapa paNa girinagara' (junAgaDha) gujarAtanuM adhiSThAna hatuM. sauthI prabaLa purAvo e che ke azake petAnI dharmalipionA jAheranAmAM mATe A sthaLane pasaMda karyuM.' magadha(dakSiNa bihAra)nA mauryagrAmrAjyanuM zAsana saurASTra para pravarteluM eTaluM te azakanA zrIlanA sthAna parathI temaja rudradAmAnA zailalekhamAM AvatA girinagaranA ullekha parathI nizita kAya che. A parathI enI samIpamAM Avela karacha tathA taLI-gujarAta pradeza paNa prAya: magadhanA maurya sAmrAjyanA zAsana nIce hevAnuM spaSTa thAya che. azekanuM zAsana gujarAtanI pUrve AvelA jUna/12 prati For Private and Personal Use Only

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mALavAmAM ane dakSiNe Avela kaeNzimAM pravatu tu parathI A bhavane samana maLe che. A gujarAtanA samasta pradeza tyAre magadhanA mauya mAtrAno hAsana nIce hatA e lagabhaga nizcita gaNAya atre e noMdhavu' jarUrI che ke kacchamAM dhamAM baLelA jUnAmAM jUnA cAra yuleikhA (I. sa 130) kSatrapa rAkha yASTrana ane rudradAmAno samaya che ne emAM amuka amuka vyaktinI yaSTi ena enA amuka sabaMdhIe UbhI karAvyuM tu nevavamAM kyu che. kauTilyanA arthazAstramAM suraTuna ullekha Ave che. azekA abhilekhamAM mAtra para pradezAnA nirdeza Ave che, kaccha surASTra Anarta yAdano samAveza emAM AdhyAhana rahelA gaNAya. zrI bhAthakara jozI peAtAnA pustaka 'purANuMmAM gujarAta'nAM noMdhe che ke 'maparAnta' eTale pazcima cheDe ke sarahada, arthAt pazcima bhAratanA sakhata sarahadI pradeza. purANAmAM 'aparAMta' samUhavAcaka sthaLanAma tarIke pratyeAjAyuM che ne tyAre emAM nAzikaya thAka AMtara-nada bhArukaccha mANDeya sArasvata cha surASTra Anarta ane adane samAveza thato.' megasthinisa (Azare i. pU. 300) selyukasa niketaranA elacI tarIke samrATa caMdraguptanI sAthe rahyo hatA ane eNe cAra graMtha bharIne bhAratavarSanA vRttAMta lakhyuM hateA. A paradezI pravAsIe~ kacchane pAtAla dvIpa'nI upamA ApelI che. kacchanA jANItA abhyAsaka zrI rAmasiMhajI . rAThoDa 'nu' 'skRtidarzana'mAM he che ke I. sa. pUrve 327 mAM hiMda choDatI vakhate siMkadaranA kAphalA kacchanA rasAgaramAMthI pasAra thaye DhAvAnI noMdha maLe che. gujarAtane saLaMga matadAsa bhrugamaga I. sa. pUrve trIjA zatakathI maLe che.te tyArathI eka ke bIjI rIte kacchane emAM samAveza thate Ave che. caMdragupta geyanI sAmrAjyasattA nIce sAraTha hatu. eTale enI uparanIe kacchane pradeza temAM AvI jate. yavana yukreTiDijha, minenDara ane epeleTarsa(vi, sa. pUrve 54 thI 44)nA sikkA kAThiyAvADamAMthI maLyA che. ane kAThiyAvA sAthe kreka ene tAme hovAnI mAnyatA che.' blaeNka hilsa eNk krU'mAM pre. la. e rAjIka viliyamsa kacchamAM moryasattA hovAnI zakayatAne samarthana ApatAM lakhe che ke kaccha mauryakALamAM eka svataMtra rAjya hatuM, evI sAkhitI groka H krauTilpanA pracAmAMthI nIkaLatI nathI, paraMtu motanAM rAjA caMdraguptanA samayamAM gujarAtano je samRddhi hatI teneA kacchane paNa lAsa maLate te e vivivAda che...caMdraguptanu rAjya hiMdukuzathI mAIsAra sudhI vistareluM Rtu', jemAM gujarAta, kAyilADa tema ja sethyusa niketara pAsethI khAlasA karela zi`dhanA pradezane paNa sanAveza thatA heAthI kaccha pradeza paNa rokanA vasa nIce Avye haze, ema dareka rIte sabhavita che. maurya sAmrAjya Ugyu. tyAre baeNTriyAthI dhasI AvatA zrIe gujarAta, kaccha ane siMbaMdha para hakUmata jamAvI, ' Ra kaccha para mauOzAsanane prabhAva hatA e vAtane zrI nareMdrakumAra ma. jozI pAtAnA pustaka 'bhAtIgaLa bhemakA kacchamAM samathana Ape che. giranAra parvata pAsene 75 phUTa gherAvAnA ekamAtra atihAsika zilAlekha ItihAsanI gavAhI Ape che tema kacchamAM maLI rahelA bauddha purAvazeSa paNa kacchamAM I. sa. pUrve ceyIthI pahelI sadImAM maurya zAsananI sAkSI pUre che, kAraNa ke e samaye bauddha dharmanA prabhAva ane prasAra thayeA hato!. kacchanA suprasiddha lekasADiyakAra ane prAMtahAsavida zrI dulerAya eNsa. kArANI 'kArANI ja'mAM taidhe che ke "dattasthalInA samaya pachI sikaMdaranA bhAgamAna lagIne [anu. pA. 14 nIce jUna/1992 pazci For Private and Personal Use Only

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vaDhavANu prajA pariSadanI laData che. mahebUba desAI svAtaMtrya saMgrAmamAM saurASTranA vaDhavANa rAjayane phALe noMdhapAtra hato. vaDhavANe saurASTrane ane ekharAnA vAta -sainike ApyA hatA. vaDhavANanA svAtaMtraya-nika zrI. kulacaMdabhAI karatUracaMda zAha (1895 thI 1941) ane vAmI zivAnaMdajI(189 thI 1951)e saurASTranI aneka prajAkIya laDatamAM sakriya bhAga levA uparAMta saurASTranA juvAnane satyAgrahamAM bhAga levA preraNA paNa pUrI pADI hatI. vaDhavANune zrI. cimanabhAI uSNata (1897 thI 1940) paNa saurASTranA moTA bhAganA satyAgrahamAM sakriya rahyA hatA. vahANunA rASTrapremI zrI. metIbhAI darajIne te gAMdhIjIe pitAnI jAmakathAmAM biradAvyA che.' - rASTrane AvA saMniSTha ronike ApanAra vaDhavANa rAjyanA zAsake saurASTranA moTA bhAganA dezI rAjAe jevA ja aprajAkIya puravAra thayA hatA. vaDhavANunA ThAkora jazavaMtasiMhajI cha varSa zAsana ka 22-2-1918 nA roja avasAna pAmyA. emanA putra ThAkora jorAvarasiMhajI sagIra hatA. e pukhta thatAM 16-2-1920 ne rAja emaNe rAjyakArabhAra saMbhALyuM. "kAThiyAvADa rAjakIya pariSadanuM bIja' adhivezana vaDhavANa jhaMkhama emanA zAsanakAla daramyAna ja thayuM hatuM. 1922 nA navembaranI 1, 12 ane 13 tArIkhe thayela A adhivezananA pramukha gAMdhIjInA sAthI ane gujarAtanA bujharga devAbhA abAsa taiyabajI hatA.4 jorAvarasiMhajIe 192 0 thI 1934 sudhI zAsana karyuM".5 emanA vArasadAra suredrasiMhajI 1934 thI 194 2 sudhI sagIra hatA, AthI emanI sagIra avasthA daramyAna traNa sabhyonI banelI rijansI kAunsile rAjayane vahIvaTa saMbhALyuM hatuM. emanA samayamAM "vaDhavANa kemanuM nAma badalI suredranagara' rAkhavAmAM AvyuM hatuM. sura saMhajI pukhta thatAM tA 8-1-1942 nA roja emaNe rAjaya-kArabhAra saMbhALyuM.' Ama saurASTranA anya zArAM jevuM ja aprajAkIya mAnasa dharAvatA vaDhavANanA zAso sAme vaDhavANanA sainikoe vividha prajAkIya pravRttio dvArA vahANane dhamadhamatuM rAkhyuM hatuM. e samaye saurASTramAM prajAghaDataramAM kiMmatI phALo ApanArI traNa rASTrIya zALAo astitvamAM hatI, jemAM vaDhavANa rASTriya zALA, bhAvanagara dakSiNAmUrti bhavana ane rAjakoTa rASTriya zALAno samAveza thato hate. vaDhavANamAM rASTriya zALA uparAMta ravajaye-AzramanI sthApanA paNa bI. phUlaca dabhAI zAhanA prayAsothI thaI hatI. vaDhavANanA zAsaka zrI. rAvarasiMhajanI zAsanataMtra pratyenI saMpUrNa nikriyatAne kAraNe rAjyataMtranI saMpUrNa lagAma dIvAna zrI. bhImajIbhAI hAthamAM hatI, AthI vaDhavANamAM cAlatI vividha rASTriya pravRttio mAM eka yA bIjA svarUpe aDacaNa UbhI karavAmAM emane phALo vizeSa hate. prajA rAjyanA dIvAna zrI. bhImAbhAI taMtrathI "sAhi mAm' pokArI gaI hatI. aMte prajAsevakoe vaDhavANanA nIMbhara vahIvaTIta ne jagADavA saurASTranAM akhabAromAM lekha lakhavA mAMDayA. rANaparathI prasiddha thatA, zrI. amRtalAla zeThanA, saurASTra'-sAdikamAM vaDhavANa rAjyanI jumazAhIne vyakta karatA jalada lakhANa prasiddha thavA lAgyAM. eka anya akhabAra "saurASTra mitre paNa vizvANa rAjyanA tatranI jUna/1992 For Private and Personal Use Only

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ugra TIkA karI, pitAnA rAjyanI julmazAhI saurASTranAM akhabAromAM prasiddha thAya e dIvAna bhIma00bhAI kevI rIte sAMkhI le? AthI emaNe potAnA rAjyanI TIkA karavA badala saurASTra mitra' nAmanA akhabAra para pratibaMdha mUkyo. A akhabAra para vaDhavANa rAjyamAM thayelA manAI-hukamanI jANa thatAM prajAe ene sakhata virodha karyo. A virodhane vAcA ApavAnA hetuthI 5 oNkaTobara, 1929 nA roja vaDhavANamAM eka jAhera sabhA bharavAnuM prajAsevake e nakkI karyuM. A jAhera sabhAnI jAherAta zrI. cimanabhAI vaiSNavano sahIvALI eka patrikAthI karavAmAM AvI, jemAM rAjyanA manAI hukamane kaDaka zabdomAM vakheDI kADhavAmAM AvyuM hatuM. 5 okaTobara, 1929nA roja rAtre ATha vAgye A jAhera sabhA maLI, jAhera sabhAmAM lagabhaga be-traNa hajAra mANase hAjara hatA. sabhAnuM pramukha thAna zrI. phUlacaMdabhAI zAhe lIdhuM. sabhAnA prAraMbhe trI. cimanabhAI traNa pitAnuM jalada vyAkhyAna AraMvyuM. zrI. cimanabhAInuM kAkhyAna cAlu hatuM tyAre ja mAre, mAre, vI, vo "nA pikA sAthe dasa paMdara polIsa sabhAmAM beThelA nirdoSa nAgariko para tUTI paDayA ane prajA tathA sevake para amAnuSISa lAThIcArja zarU karyo. eka polIse zrI. phalacaMdabhAInI gaLacI pakI emanI sAthe asabhya vartana dAkhavyuM. sabhAne vikheravA lAThIcArja sAthe pilIe raunikanI dharapakaDa paNa karavA gAMDI. thoDI ja vAramAM maeNjisTreTa zrI giradharalAla tathA elIsa supariTenDara dAnasaMgajI ghaTanA sthaLe AvI pahoMcyA. emanA Agamana pachI polIsanA jusso vadhyo. emaNe sabhAnA vaktA zrI. cimanabhAI vaNava para kaI rIte lAThIcArja, zarU karyo. mAra mArI emanI paNa polIsa cokImAM dharapakaDa karI. A dazya nirAMte mANatA maMjisTreTa zrI. giradharalAla davee polIsane TapAratAM kahyuM? meM tamane giraphatAra karavAne hukama Apyo nathI, jethI polIsa cokInAM bAraNuM kholI nAkhe ane e mANasane choDI mako.8 A amAnuSIya banAvanI jANa mI. maNilAla valamabhAI koThArIne thatAM eo vaDhavANa DI AvyA. A banAvanA virodhamAM 7 okaTobaranA roja zrI. maNilAla koThArInI adhyakSatAmAM eka vizALa jAhera sabhA vaDhavANamAM maLI, A jAhera sabhAmAM maNilAla koThArIe satata aDhI kalAka Aga jharatI vANImAM vaDhavANa rAjyataMtranuM nagna svarUpa prajA samakSa rajU karyuM. rAjayanA amAnavIya vartananA virodhamAM vaDhavANanA yuvake paNa ekatrita thayA ane emaNe rAjayanA amAnuSIya pagalAnI sAme laData ApavA yuvaka saMghanI sthApanA karI. yuvakonI e beThakamAM saMyukta rIte TharAvavAmAM AvyuM ke - prajAnA prAthamika hakka upara tarApa mAranAra, vartamAnapatranI baMdhI sAmenA rAjyanA hukamano virodha darzAvavA maLela prajAjanI sabhA para pilIe je geravartaNUka karI che te sAme Apakhuda pagalA tarapha vaDhavANunA, yuvake re.Sa vyakta kare che. * Ama samagra vaDhavANamAM rAjya sAme ugra virodha bhabhUkI UThayo hate. vaLI, zrI maNilAla koThArIe A banAvanI rajUAta ThAkarasAheba samakSa karI pariNAme prajAnA zeyane hAla turata maMda karavAnA hetuthI ThAkora sAhebe potAnI sahIthI oNrDara naMbara 34 dvArA hukama karyo ke ke kaTobaranA kissA sabaMdhe tapAsa karavA mATe zrI maNilAla koThArI, zrI. nUrabhAI mulAM ane zrI. hasanaalI DeDANavALAnI samiti nImavAmAM Ave che. A ja arasAmAM "kAThiyAvADa rAjakIya pariSadanI kAryavAhaka samitinI beThaka vaDhavANamAM thaI, jemAM saradAra vallabhabhAI paTela hAjarI ApavA vaDhavANa AvyA. e nimitte saradAra paTelanA adhyakSa vaDhavANamAM eka jAhera sabhA maLI. A jAhera sabhAmAM vaDhavANunA banAvane ulekha karatAM saradAra pathika For Private and Personal Use Only

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1DhavANamAM satyAgrahIone mAra paDayo e jANI huM bahu rAjI thayo. bhAI phUlacaMda ane ene TukaDI bAraDolI AvI amane premanA baMdhane bAMdhI gaI che. bhAI phUlacaMda pAchaLa AkhuM gujarAta paDayuM che, phUlacaMda jelamAM hoya tyAre gujarAta zAMta rahI zake nahi. evo prasaMga Ave tyAre gujarAtamAMthI gADIo bharIne sainike lAvuM, e te premano dharma che. ThAkarasAhebe kamiTI ApI che te divasathI ja ApaNuM jIta thayethI che. 12 saradAra paTelanA A bhASaNa vaDhavANanI prajAno jusso vadhAryo. vaLI, polIsa ane amaladAranA amAnuSI atyAcAranI tapAsa karavA mATe rAjave nImela tapAsa samitinA kAryane rAjyanA amaladAro ane khuda rAjya taraphathI asahakAra sAMpaDyo, rAjayanA amaladAre pitAnAM kRtya badala prAyazcita karI rahyA che, mAphI mAgI rahyA che, evAM evA bahAnA taLe tapAsa-samitinuM kArya karaze pADavAmAM AvyuM, pariNAme prajAmAM rAjaya, kome roSa vyApaka banyuM. amaladArI amAnuSIya nItine chAvaravAnA rAjyanA prayAsa sAme prajAkIya saMgaThana sthApI laData ApavAne vicAra prajAkIya sevAo prajamAM vaheto mUkyo, jene prajAe saharSa vadhAvI lIdhuM hato. 14 Ama "vaDhavANa prajApariSada' bharavAnuM nakkI thatAM enA prasAra-pracAranuM kArya kAryakaroe tvarita upADI lIdhuM. vaDhavANa bahAra vasatA vaDhavANavAsIone paNa A pariSadamAM sahakAra meLavavAnA hetuthI 6 oNkaTobaranA roja amadAvAdanI navI gujarAtI zALAmAM vaDhavANanA vatanIonI eka sabhA maLI. A sabhAnA pramukha zrI kRSNazaMkara kAlidAsa zukala hatA. sabhAmAM pariSadanA hetu ane uddeze sabaMdhI carcA-vicAraNA thaI. 15 vaDhavANa rAjyamAM paNa pariSadanA pracAranuM kArya jorazorathI cAlI rahyuM hatuM. prajAmAM pariSada pratye sArI evI sabhAnatA AvI hatI. rAjayanA keTalAka amaladAroe pariSada thI joItIvALA lakhANo nIce prajAnI sahIo laI pariSadane teDI nAkhavA prayAso karyA, paraMtu emane A kAryane prajA taraphathI yogya pratisAda sAMpaDayo nahi tethI sahI-khuM be baMdha karavI paDI. pariSadanA AkharI Ayojana mATe 3 navembara, 19ra9nA roja vaDhavANamAM pariSadanA kAryAlaya para svAgata samitinI beThaka maLI, jemAM vaDhavANa prajA pariSada' aMge nIce mujabanA nirNaya levAyA hatA ? 1. "vaDhavANa prajA pariSadanA sarakAra-pramukha tarIke zrI. mehanalAla pItAMbara saMghavInI sarvAnumate niyukti karavAmAM AvI. 2, "vaDhavANa prajApariSadanA maMtrI tarIke zrI. talakazI dezI, zrI, maNizaMkara bhaTTa, zrI phulacaMda zAha ane zrI. cimanalAla vaiSNavanI varaNI karavAmAM AvI. . "vaDhavANu prajApariSadanuM prathama adhivezana 14, 15 ane 16 Disembara, 19ra9 nA roja vaDhavANamAM karavAnuM nakkI thayuM. 4. "vaDhavANa prajApariSadanA pramukha mATe zrI. pipaTalAla cuDagara, zrI. maNilAla koThArI, zrI. maNizaMkara rAjArAma, zrI. jagajIvana ujamazI ane dAktara zAhanAM nAme sacavAyAM, paraMtu pramukhanI pasaMdagI vaDhavANavAsIo mAMthI ja thAya e svAgata-samitinA sabhyone Agraha hatA, AthI A nAmamAMthI vaDhavANanA ja zrI. maNilAla koThArInI pramukha tarIke varaNI karavAmAM AvI. ' Ama prajAmAM utpanna thayela jAgRtinA paripAka-rUpe astitvamAM Avela vaDhavANa prajA pariSada'nuM prathama adhivezana vaDhavANanI yati lAlacaMdanI dharmazALAmAM 14, 15 ane 16 Disembara, 1928nA pathika jUna/1992 For Private and Personal Use Only

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- roja thayuM. zrI. maNilAla koThArInA pramukhapada nIce 14 Disembara, 18ra9 nA roja bapore traNa kalAke pariSadane prAraMbha thayo. - pariSadanA prathama divase kheDUtone pariSadamAM AvatA re rAjaye vividha prayAsa karyA hatA. pariSadamAM bhAga levA AsapAsanAM gAmaDAMomAMthI moTI saMkhyAmAM kheDUto vaDhavANa AvyA hatA. A kheDUtone ThAkora sAheba bolAve che evA bahAnA heThaLa rItasara upADI javAmAM AvyA, AvA kheDUtone darabArI utAre mIThuM bhojana jamADI pariSadamAM AvatA aTakAvavAmAM AvyA, Ama chatAM khAravA ane anya bahAdura kheDUtoe pariSadamAM moTI saMkhyAmAM hAjarI ApI hatI. ThAkarasAhebanA aneka prayAso chatAM pariSadamAM prathama divase pa00 kheDU hAjara rahyA hatA. 18 kAThiyAvADa rAjakIya pariSadanA maMtrI zrI. devacaMdabhAI pArekha, mahAtmA gAMdhIjI, dhI, piTalAla cuDagara, kI. nAtAliyA, zrI. DI. ena jozI, zrI. gulAbarAya desAI ane bI. baLavaMtarAya mahetAe pariSadane pitAne zubhecchA saMdeza mokalyA hatA. pariSadane prAraMbha svAgata-pramukha zrI, mehanalAla saMghavI svAgata pravacanathI thayuM hatuM. zrI. saMghavIe pitAnI dhIragaMbhIra zailImAM vaDhavANune kheDUtonAM vItako vyakta karyA hatAM. emaNe vaDhavANa rAjyataMtranA aMdhArapacheDA nIce tatra dRSTipAta karyo hate. rAja helathI garIba kheDUtanI bhAMgI tUTI jhUMpaDI sudhI laMbAtI rekhAo emane pitAnI bhASAmAM rajU karI hatI. ravAgata-pramukhanA bhASaNa pachI pramukha zrI, maNilAla koThArIe pitAnuM vyAkhyAna ApayuM hatuM. emaNe potAnA vyAkhyAnamAM vaDhavANa rAjyanA aMdhera vahIvaTanI samAlocanA karatAM kahyuM hatuM ke javAbadAra rAjyataMtranA prathama haptA tarIke sthAnika myunisipAliTInI racanA cUMTaNInA dhoraNe karavI joIe. gayA jAnyuArI mAsamAM zrI, karasAhebe cUMTaNInA dhoraNe myunisipAliTI banAvavAnI IcchA batAvI hatI ane baMdhAraNa ghaDavA kamiTI nImI hatI. mArA jANavA mujaba sahu kamiTIe pitAne kharaDe zrI hara pAse peza karyo che chatAM e vize haiI ja kAryavAhI thaI jaNAtI nathI." prajAkIya adhikAne vAcA ApatA pramukhazrInA bhAgya pachI pahelA divasanuM pariSadanuM kArya pUrNa thayuM hatuM. bIje divase viyanirNAyaka samitinI beThaka maLe, sAra nathI bapere bAra sudhI e cAlI, jemAM vividha prajAkIya ka pasAra thayA. zrI. phUlacaMdabhAI zAhe javAbadAra rAjataMtrane karAva rajU karatAM eka be sArI bAbate vize prakAza pADayo hato. emaNe kahyuM hatuM : kAkarasAhebane mANasa karatAM gheDA vadhu vahAlA lAge che, kAraNa ke rU. 30,000 yatanI keLavaNI pAchaLa ThArasAheba khace che, jyAre ghoDAnA tabelA pAchaLa ThAkora sAhebanuM vArSika kharca - zrI, lacaMdabhAI zAhanA javAbadAra rAjya taMtranA Thara nuM mana thI be lAla davee karyuM. A TharAva pachI kheDUtonAM vItake dUra karavA, davAkhAnAne lagata, rAjagAdIe roja bese tyAre najarANuM ApavAne virodha karatA, lagne lagna cAdalAne virodha karate, vivekI ane anya dhAgA rada karate, vagere TharAva pasAra thayA hatA. bIje divase pariSadamAM khAsa hAjarI ApI zrI. baLavaMtarAya mahetA ane lIMbaDIvALA zrI. nAthAlAla zAha AvyA hatA. zrI, nAthAlAla zAha pitAnuM dakhyAne kahyuM hatuM : pariSadanA prAraMbha karIne vaDhavANanI prajAe zubha zarUAta karI che. have parivAranuM kArya akhaMDa utsAhathI AgaLa dhapAvI jhAlAvADanI prajAnuM mArgadarzana kara ne" jUna 1992 pathi 24 For Private and Personal Use Only

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pariSadanA aMtima divase pramukha zrI, maNilAla ke ThArIne pitAnA upasaMhA-bhASaNamAM pariSadanA karAnI upayogitA batAvatAM enA amalIkaraNa para bhAra mukyo hato. A mATe kAma karanAra cheDA saMniSTha sevakenI emaNe jAheramAM mAgaNI karI hatI enA pratisAdarUpe aneka juvAnee potAnAM nAme nedhAvyAM. 16 Disembara, rAtanA ATha vAge "vaDhavANa prajApariSada'nI pUrNAhuti thaI. * Ama vaDhavANunA zAsaka dvArA saMpanna karavAmAM Avela aneka samasyA ane aDacane pAra karI vaDhavANanA utsAhI sevakoe prajAnA praznone vAcA ApavA "vaDhavANu prajApadi'nuM Ayojana karyuM ane e karIne hemakhema pAra pADI vaDhavANa prajApariSadIe vaDavANamAM utpanna thayela prajAkIya jAgRtinuM pratIka che e batAvyuM. saurASTranAM AvAM nAnAM nAnAM sthAnIya prAsaMgaThanee ja svAtaMtrayacaLavaLamAM saurASTranuM AgavuM pradAna noMdhAvyuM che. pAIpa 1, gAMdhI, mohanadAsa karamacaMda, satyanA praNe, navavana prakAzana maMdira, amadAvAda, 1952, pR. 376 2. gujarAta DiriTraTa gejheTa, suredranagara, pR. 107 che, "kAThiyAvADa rAjakIya pariSadanuM bIjuM adhivezana zrI phUlacaMdabhAI zAhanA nimaMtraNathI vaDhavANamAM thayuM hatuM. pariSadanA khulA adhivezanamAM 42 TharAva pasAra thayA hatA. A TherA para gAMdhIjInA asahakAyuganI chApa aMkita thayelI hatI * zAha, kAMtilAla, "saurASTramAM gAMdhIjI mArA ane pati, pR. 42 5. zAstrI hariprasAda ane parIkha mIcaMdra (saMpAdaka), gujarAtane rAjakIya ane sAMskRtika ItihAsa' graMtha-9, zeTha. be. je ayana-saMzodhana bhavana, amadAvAda, 1987, pR. 510 6. gujarAta DisTrikTa gejheTa, surendranagara, pR. 107 7. pAThaka, rAmanArAyaNa nAgaradAsa, "kama vIra phUlacaMdabhAI', pra. lepaTogI sastI graMthamALA, vaDhavANa keLavaNI maMDaLa, vaDhavANa zahera, 1955, pR. 117 8. saurASTra' (sAptAhika), 12 okaTobara, 1929, pR. 45 8. suredranagara jillAnA bhaDakavA gAmanA vatanI zrI. mazilAle vakIlAta cheDI gAMdhIjInA prabhAvathI rASTriya caLavaLamAM jhaMpalAvyuM hatuM. emAM sakriya satyAgrahI hovA uparAMta rASTriya kAryo mATe lAkha rUpiyAnuM phaMDa ekatrita karavAnI AvaData paNa dharAvatA hatA, tethI ja gAMdhIjIe emane "rASTriya bhikSukanuM biruda ApyuM hatuM, 10, "saurASTra para kAbara, 1919, 5. 47 11. saurASTra 19 oNkaTobara, 1929, 5, 84 12. "saurASTra' 26 okaTobara, 1929, pR. 127 13. pAThaka, rAmanArAyaNa nAgaradAsa, pUrvokta graMtha, pR. 18-19 14. ejana, pR. 119 15. saurASTra,' 19 oNkaTobara, 1929 pR. 185 16. zrI mohanalAla saMghavI dhrAMgadhrA rAjayanA vatanI hatA, dhrAMgadha rAjaya sAme mAthuM UMcakanAra prathama saunika. rAjaye emane mArajhUDa karI, emanI milakata japta karI hadapAra karyA tyAre eo vaDhavANa jaI vasyA hatA, --zAha jayAbahena vajubhAI, pUrvokta graMtha, pR. tha89-90 17. saurASTra', 9 navembara, 1929, pR. 178 18. pAThaka, rAmanArAyaNa nAgaradAsa, pUta graMtha, pR. 1ra0 19. saurASTra' 21 Disembara, 1929, pR. 431 20. ejana, pR. 425-26 'pathika jUna/1992 25 For Private and Personal Use Only

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AyanAmahelanuM aneruM AkarSaNa zrI. prAdaDI nAgapaMcamInI savArInA dUbahU citAra ApatuM kamAMgarI citraH kacchanI AgavI citrakalA e kamAMgarI citrakalA' che. kacchanA kamAMgare pitAnI haiyAsujhathI citra banAvatA. emanI zailI anokhI che. lagnaprasaMge ke navAM makAna banAvavA prasaMge gharanA mukhya bAraNAM bahAranI bAjue hiMdu le zubha ane lAbha temaja hAthI ane siMhanuM citra kamAMgare pAse karAvatA. navA makAnane bahArathI suzobhita karavA mATe paNa kamAMgarI citrone upayoga karavAmAM AvatA. aMja paNa junI mAne che tenI bahAranI bAjue A jAtanI citrakalA jovA maLe che. A kamAMgaze paththarone gherIne raMga banAvatA. eonI prosesa-kriyA alaga ja heya che. emanI citranI sTAIla paNa alaga tarI Ave che, ane 1948 mAM bhArata svataMtra thayuM tyAre A karbhAganAM amuka kuMTuba pAkistAne cAlyAM! gayAM. A kamAMgarI citranI kalA hAlamAM mRtaprAya avasthAmAM che. kaccha-bhUjamAM cheTalA kamAMgara citrakA zrI alImAmada hatA. kacchamAM judI judI jagyA e aMjAramAM makamarDone baMgale, muMdrAmAM esavALa DelI pAse, bhArAparamAM ajAbAnI DelI, terAmAM rAjagaDhamAM, dhINodhara thAnamAM dIvAla para pakSIonI gADIo(ra) jovA maLe che. kaccha-myujhiyamamAM nAgapaMcamIne rela ane tAjiyAnuM dazya kamAMgarI zailImAM jovA maLe che. bhUjanA AyanA mahelamAM bhA jAtanI citrakArInuM amUlya ci rIte prajAne jovA mATe mukela che. AyanAmahelamAM dAkhala thatAM jamaNA hAtha para A savArIne skrola lagADavAmAM Avela che zarUmAM enA para lakhela che : "A svArI kacchanA rAozrI prAgamalajI bahAduranI che. laMbAI 47 ku. che. rahevAsI karacha bhujanA vADhAM jIma Ibrame A svArIne nakaze lakhyo che. saM. 1932." A A savArInuM citra 47 kaTa lAMbu ne huM ica paheluM che. A citrane 115 varSa thayela che. paraMta enA raMge Aja paNa manamohaka lAge che. A citramAM gheDA 88, hAthI 8, UMTa 7 alaga alaga mudrAmAM batAvela che. vaLI, te pagADI, mAtAjInI vela, bajANiye, mejara, mAhI-marataba(mAchalI, siMhanuM maheNuM gaNeza ane hanumAna-patAkA, gaMgAjaDI, jarIpatrako, raNajita-nizAna, nAgAbAvA, jamAdArane rasAle mulAI rasAle, karachI rasAlo, moka saiyadane rasAlo, arabI berakha, raNazIMgAvALe, nagAra nizAna, sAhebI nagAruM tathA UMTa nagAruM vagerenAM lAkSaNika mudrAmAM citra karI kamAMgara jamA kamAla karI batAvela che. karachamAM savAranuM mahatva hatuM. A savArInI zarUAta saM. 1785 zrAvaNa sudi 5 nA dine bhajiyA killA para amadAvAdanA sabA zerabulaMdakhAna sAme karacha rAjayanuM yuddha thayela, jemAM kaccha rAjya vijaya thaye e yoddhAone saMpUrNa mAnapAnathI bhUjiyAnA killA parathI gAmamAM laI AvyA che vakhate rAvasAheba pote potAnAM tamAma lazkara rAjarasAle amIra umarAvo sAthe vAjate gAja bhUjyiA para padhAryA tyArathI thayelI. A vijayadina kacchanI prajAnA hRdaye yAda rahe e mATe tyArapatra varSovarSa vijayadina UjavavAmAM AvatA hatA. jUna/1992 For Private and Personal Use Only

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varSa daramyAna patI savArIo : 1. zrAvaNa sudi pa darabAragaDhathI bhajiyA tarapha 2. zrAvaNa sudi 8 sarapaTa nAkAthI rudrANI tarapha 3. zrAvaNa sudi 13 zrI kheMgArajI bAvAnA janmadina prasaMge suralabhATa tarapha 14. zraviNa sudi 7 zItaLA mAtAnA darzana mATe '5. zrAvaNa vadi 8 me zrI vijayarAjajI bAvAnA janmadina prasaMge mahAdevanAkA tarapha 6. bhAdaravA mAsanA pahelA ane bIjA somavAre nAnA jakhanA meLA mATe che. A sudi 10 vijayAdazamInI zamIpUjana-savArI - Aso vadi 13 dhanaterasanI khArasarA medAna tarapha * 8, Aso sudi 5 mAtAjI zrI maDhavALAM AzApUrajInAM camara jayAre upADatA tyAre darabAragaDhathI pATavADInA nAkA tarapha pagapALA ravAnA 10. bhUjana AzApUrAjInAM camara upADavA 11. kArataka sudi 1 paDavAnI 1ra, pIrAnapIranA meLAnA divase pATavADI nAkA bahAra 13. dAdupIranA meLAnA divase bhIDanAkA bahAra 14. jeTha mAsamAM bhIma-agiyArasanA divase vela ke the sAthe savArI vahelI savAre mahAdevanA - nAkAthI thatI. e IdagAha pAse AvI hamIrasara taLAvamAM mATInAM khANetarane vidhi sau prathama rAjaka. bIe jAte karatAM, tyArabAda savArInA amIra umarA tathA tyAM hAjara rahela zaherIjane paNa jAte karatAM ane tyAMthI mATInA DhephA hAthe upADI IdagAha pAse taLAvanI pALa para ThAlavatA. Ama uparyukta 14 savArI varSamAM nIkaLatI, jemAMthI moTAmAM moTI savArI zrAvaNa sudi . 5ne nAgapaMcamInA divase nIkaLatI. bhUja ane enI AjubAjunAM gAmaDAMomAMthI leka bhaja A savArI jevA khAsa AvatA. A savArImAM bALake, mATe tathA vRddhone ramUja be lAMbI lAkaDAnI ghaDI para uparanA bhAgamAM paga bAMdhI cAlatA baMNavA karAvatA. savArI darabAragaDhanA mukhya nAkAthI maka thatI, mahArAvathI hAthI para khela aMbADI para besatA ane emane cha karavA mATe eka mANasa hAthamAM cAMdanI pakaDI cAla. pAlakhI sAthe hAthI darabAragaDhanA nAkAmAMthI pasAra thaI zake ne tethI darabAragaDhanA nAkA pAse DhALavALe khADe DaravAmAM AvatA. bIDanA coka pAse Avela sAMkaLavALA pIra pAsethI savArI pasAra thatI tyAre sakaLavALA paranA gAdIpati ane mahArAvazrI sAmasAme najarANAnI Apale karate. A savArIne prajAmAM mitra hato, utasAha hatA. A jAtanI savArI I. sa. 1948 bAda baMdha karavAmAM AvI. Aja kacchanA rAjA zrAvaNa suditA nAga paMcamInA divase bhUjiyAnA killA para Avela nAgamaMdiramAM dha caDAvavA jAya che, paraMtu dara eTale ke emAM eka be mANasa sAthe moTaka rathI Ave che. bAdhAra saMdarbha : kacchanuM darzana, lekhaka zaMbhudAna gaDhavI ke AyanAmahela, darabAragaDha, bhUja-370001 jUna 192 For Private and Personal Use Only

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(anu. pAnA 4 nuM cAlu) videzI udyoganA mAlanI joradAra mAMga vadhI jaze, Ane pariNAme dezI udyogane kArakhAnAmAM pedA thayele mAla phika, halakA bara hovAthI khapaze nahi, eTale dezI udyogamAM mAlane bharAvo thatAM kArakhAnAM baMdha thaze kAM kAmadAronI chaTaNa zarU thaze. mAMdA ane nabaLA eka gaNIne dezI ume baMdha karAtA jaze, tALAM vAgaze, jethI dezanA sAme gho, haratevoge, grAmodyoge, kuTira-uvo temaja dezI kArakhAnAonA koDe kAmadAro bekAra thaI jaze. (4) videzI kampanIo kamANI karIne naphArUpe maLelI saMpatti emanA dezomAM kheMcI jaze, je bhAratanAM Arthika vANa, zeSaNa, Arthika barabAdI ane pAyamAlI vadhatAM ja che. videzIo tAjA, samRddha ane saMpanna thaze ane ApaNe deza garIbI, bekArI, berojagArI, moMghavArI ane Arthika lUMTane bhayaMkara lega banaze. (5) mAtra eka ja "iTa InDiyA kaMpanI' AvI hatI IglaeNnDathI, jeNe uttarottara hindanA vepAra rojagAra, udyogadhaMdhA, zikSaNa, sabhyatA vagerene kabaje karIne sArAye dezane gulAma banAvyo hato tema A videzI kaMpanIo mAraphate kArakhAnAM nAkhIne chevaTe amerikA, briTana, phrAnsa, jarmanI, beljiyama, jApAna, raziyA, cIna vagere deze bhAratanA TukaDA pADIne, gIdhaDAMnI jema bhArata mAtAne cUMthIne chinnabhinna karI nAkhaze ane ApaNe deza videzI gulAmIno bhoga banaze. ' - svadezI laData : AjhAdI bacA laData : gAMdhIjI 30 varSa laDelA, dezanA aDhI lAkha lokoe zahAdata vahorelI tyAre aMgrejI nAgacUDamAMthI dezane gAMdhIjI AjhAda karI zakelA, jayAre ApaNA zAsake zuM pharIthI jheranAM pArakhAM karavA mAge che ane dezane zuM bIjI vAra gulAma banAvavA mAge che ? e haragijha thaI zakaze nahi, A dezanI jAgrata janatAe zAsaka sAme emanI khetI artha nIti, kherI udyoganIti, beTI AyojananIti ane berI zikSaNanIti parave ahiMsaka mArge laData ApavI ja paDaze, jene mATe ApaNe khAdI grAmodyoga tathA svadezI bhAla ja ApaNe vAparIzuM. videzI mAla ane videzI kaMpanIone ApaNe bahiSkAra karavo ja paDaze, gAdhIcIyA mArge dezanI arthanIti badalavA mATe Thera Thera janatAe mAmalatadAra, kalekaTara, pradhAne, mukhyapradhAne, vaDApradhAna, rASTrapramukha vagerene memorenDama nivedana ApIne sakhta virodha karavuM ja paDaze, upavAsa, haDatALe, baMdha, gherAvA, pisTarapradazane, -saraghasa saMmelana karIne svadezInuM adina ane paradezI gulAmI haTAvo' AMdolanane joradAra banAvavuM ja paDaze, te ja Apaze dezanI AjhAdI bacI zakaze. raziyA-amerikAne bhAge dezanuM navanirmANa karavAmAM zAsake niSphaLa gayA che mATe e mAga choDe ane gAMdhIbhAge svAzraya, ravAvalaMbana, svAyattatA, sthAyI artha vyavasthA, mAnavIya arthataMtra, svadezIbhAvanA, grAmasvarAjya, vikendrIkaraNa vagere pragaTAvavA mATe A dezanA navajuvAne, zikSa, bautika, lekazAhapremIo, gAMdhasevaka, patrakAro ane lekakrAnti-saMpUrNa krAnti pragaTAvavA pracaMDa purA kara ja paDaze. kavie gAyuM che ke "jAna janmabhUmi hAla joSI " arthAta mAtA ane mAtRbhUmi svargathIye mahAna che e mAnI AjhAdI mATe ApaNe zAsane emanI khoTI tamAma nItie choDavA mATe pharaja pADavI ja paDaze ane gAMdhIcIMdhyA mArge dezanuM nirmANa karavA mATe zAsakone naitika tAkAtathI preravA ja paDaze, te ja ApaNe gAI zakIzuM : "jhaMDA UMcA rahe hamArA!" svAmI vivekAnanda kahe che : "erAijha, aveIka eNnDa eNpa' arthAt UTho, jAge ane saMpUrNa dhyeyane prApta karyA vagara rokAzo mA ! dezabhakta kavizrI rAmanArAyaNa vi. pAThaka gAya che; " jaganA jhabbA, Adayane pUrAM kare; calAve sRSTine takhta, dhanya te navayauvana." 28 jUna 1992 pathika For Private and Personal Use Only

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Reg. No. GAMC-19 bhagavAnalAla IMdrajI' "purAvida zrIvallabhajI haridatta AcArya' "purAvida zrI girijAzaMkara AcArya" jUnAgaDha myujhiyamanI noMdhaNI paddhatine abhyAsa' 'bhAratIya myujhiyamanI gAthA' 'prabhAsapATaNa myujhiyame prApta karela keTalAka navA zi95khaDa' somanAthanuM zi9pAMkana" karacha myujhiyamamAM saMgRhIta zi95 sthApatya' 'jUnAgaDha myujhiyame prApta kareluM jalakanyAnuM zi95' 'gujarAtamAM sUryanuM mUrtividhAna' ane bArTana myujhiyame prApta karela navAM zipa' A lekha dhyAna kheMcanArA che. emAM 'itihAsa' che, "purAtattva' che, zi95' che, "sthApatya' che ane purAvidonAM carita' paNa che. somanAtha-jUnAgaDha nAma noMdhI surakSita karavA pUratAM besI na rahI, emaNe pitAne samaya prApta mahatvanA avazeSAnA abhyAsamAM gALyA che enI A lekho sAkSI pUre che. amArA saMteSa ame A graMthanA "ame khamAM batAvyo ja che. emanI pAsethI ApaNane avAranavAra navuM navuM maLatuM rahe che e noMdhapAtra che. pra. zrI jayaMta ma. udANI, kulasaciva-saurASTra yunivarsiTI, rAjakeTa-36 0005; DemI signala 8 pejI pR. 6 + 105; 1990; kiM. rUA. 18/- saurASTra yunivarsiTI pAse enA gujarAtI bhASA-bhavananA hastalikhita graMthasaMgrahamAM nAnA paNa noMdhapAtra vividha lokakavioe racelI DigaLa bhASAnI kRtione jaththA paNa che. baherA-mUMgA chatAM cAraNI sAhityanA ucca koTinA vidvAna zrI. ratudAna rohaDiyAnI sevAo sau. yuni.ne lagabhaga enA AraMbhathI ja maLI che. A bahumUlaya hastapratA sva. De. DolararAya 2. mAMkaDa kulapati hatA tyAre saMgRhIta karavAmAM Avela Aje vyavasthita rIte sacavAi rahI che. sau. yuni. dvArA A mahattvanI hastapratAnI vigato ApatA eka graMtha paNa "cAraNI sAhityapradIpa' prakAzita thayelo ja che. A pUrve paNa nivRtta adhyApaka Do. IzvarabhAI dave ane zrI ratudAnajIe maLI eka graMtha prasiddha karelA. bIje graMtha hai, teraiyAe ane zrI ratudAnajIe maLIne tauyAra karyo te chapAIne ApaNA hAthamAM Avyo che. be ardha doharA ane cAra caraNa plavaMgama chaMdanA e rIte 8 caraNAnA kuMDaLiyA prakAranI 27 kaDIonA "jhamALa' saMjJAthI jANItA chaMdamAM racAyelA, kavi raNamala motIsare racele lIMbaDInI jhamALa' zIrSakane A DiMgaLI bhASAne kAvyagraMtha che. mULa vAcanA ApI enI nIce pratyeka zabdane artha ane enI nIce bhAvArtha ApavAmAM Avela che. doDha saukA pUrve marAThI-gAyakavADI phAjanA trAsathI kaMTALIne enA evA anyAyI valaNa sAme yuddhe caDelA lIbaDI rAjyanA ThAkara harabhamajI jhAlAnA parAkramanI gAthA gAtuM A itihAsa-kAvya che, viThAna saMpAdakAe 50 jeTalAM pAna'mAM kavi, kAvyanuM vastu ane kAvyanI viziSTatA vize adhikRta rIte nirUpaNa karela che. itihAsanI vigatethI sabhara prastAvanA nAMdhapAtra che. eTale pAMca pariziSTamAM 'jhamALa' chaMdanAM pAMca gItA, chaThThA pariziSTamAM marAThAoe rUpAvaTI gAma bALyAnA purAvArUpa dastAveja, e pachI zabdoza ane saMdarbhasUci Apela che. A kAvyanuM saMpAdana saM', 1911 (I.sa. 1855)nI hastaprata parathI thayeluM che. baMne vidvAna dhanyavAdane pAtra che ane sau. yuni.e prakAzana karyuM che mATe e paNa. -taMtrI mudrI prakAzaka ane tatrI : pathika kAryAlaya ' mATe che , De. kezavarAma kA. zAstrI, . madhuvana, elisabrija, [ amadAvAda-380 006 tA. 15-6-1992 mudraNasmAna : preraNA mudraNAlaya, rustamaalIne DhALa, mirajApura, amadAvAda380 001 pa' : InTaranezanala prinTiga vasa, zAhapura, mALIvADAnI poLa sAme, amadAvAda-380 0 01 For Private and Personal Use Only