Nyayavatara and Nayakarnika

Author(s): Siddhasena Divakar, Vinayvijay, A N Upadhye
Publisher: Jain Sahitya Vikas Mandal

Page 62

Siddhasena and his Works
DATE etc. As to the date of Siddhasena, the author of the Sanmati, his Abhedavāda is refuted by Akalanka (c. 643 A. D.) in his Rajavarttika and by Jinabhadra Kṣamāśaraṇa (c. 609 A. D.), so he is earlier than A. D. 609.
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Haribhadra and Abhayadeva attribute Kramavāda to Jinabhadra-Kṣamāśramaņa, who refers to all the three: yugapad-, krama- and abheda-vadas. Really speaking Kramavāda is earlier than Jinabhadra, and it is propounded by Bhadrabahu (Āvasyakaniryukti, 978) who is not identical with Srutakevalin and is also different from the author of the Chhedasutra, and is to be assigned to Saka 427, i. e., A. D. 505. So Siddhasena the author of the Sanmati is to be put between A. D. 505 to 609.
Pt. SUKHALALAJI has wavered on the date of Siddhasena. First, he would put Mallavādi earlier than Jinabhadra and Siddhasena still earlier than Mallavādi. Secondly, Pujyapāda alias Devanandi mentions Siddhasena and also quotes from one of his Stutis with an illustration which is traced in one of the Stutis (3.16). So Siddhasena is earlier than Pujyapāda (1st half of the 6th century of the V. era). There is no definite evidence that Mallavādi was earlier than Siddhasena; and Abhayadeva's attribution of the Yugapadvada (to Mallavādi) is of doubtful authenticity. Mallavādi has used the Vakyapadiya of Bhartṛhari (600-650 A.D.). So he cannot be earlier than Siddhasena.
Mallavādi cannot be so ancient. He is only earlier than Haribhadra (3rd or 4th quarter of the 9th century of V. era). Siddhasena referred to in the Nayacakra is not called Divākara but only Acarya or Sūri. Then Siddhasena referred to and quoted by Pujyapada is only the author of the 3rd and 9th Dvā.s and not of the Sanmati-sūtra. Pūjyapāda does not refer to Krama and Abheda-vada, but it is only Akalanka that refutes them.
It cannot be accepted that Kramavāda arose first, then, Yugapad- and lastly Abheda-vāda, for Yugapad- is already referred to in the Avasyaka-niryukti, in the Niyamasara of Kundakunda and in the Satkhaṇḍāgama of Bhuta bali both of whom are earlier than Umāsvāti to whom Yugapadvada is being attributed.
In view of the fact that Pujyapada refers in his grammar to Samantabhadra, the latter cannot be put later than Pujyapada.