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(Fourth Section )
THE EXCRETORY SYSTEM
The normal process of cellular metabolism and the constant building up and breaking down of nutrients (rasa ) by the power of paryāpti? result in the production of waste products (Khala), such as, mūt (i, e. urea, uric acid or urine, etc.) and purisa4 ( faeces ), etc. The (nitrogenous ) waste products are useless and toxic for the body. The kidneys 5 (taṇuyamta ) remove urine etc. from the blood of a normal man as rapidly as the tissues produce them.
Defection means the elimination of wastes and undigested food collectively called faeces (uccāra or purisa) from the anus (guda ).7 They are not metabolic wastes ( khala ). Excretion refers to the removal of substances which are useless in the body from the cells and blood stream via urine and perspiration (mūtra8 and sveda ).9
The excretory system of the body includes more than the kidneys and their ducts, viz. nine orifices (navasoe or navadvāras )10 : two nostrils, two ears, one mouth, one ractum and one genital,11 besides eighty lakhs
1. Tatraisāhāraparyaptiryāyadaya nijocitam /
Prthakkhalarasatvenāhāram parīņatim nayet //
Lokaprakāśa, Pt. I., Sarga 3, Vol. 17. 2. Ibid. 3. "Imassa jatussa satthisirāsayam nābhippabhavāņam ahogāmiņiņām ..... mutta
purisaväyukammam pavvattai/" Tandula Veyaliya, 16, P. 35, see also Kalyāņa
kāraka 3.12. 4. Ibid ( Purisa)
In Visuddhimagsa it is called Karisam (faeces ) which get accumulated in rectum
of large intestine (Thūlamta )--Visuddhimagga XI. 67. 5. Tandula Veyaliya 16, p. 35.
Tanuyamta transforms urine like kidneys. Its function suggests its identifica
tion with kidneys although it is to be identified with small intestine. 6. Tandula Veyaliya 16, p. 35. 7. Ibid (Payu, one nava srotas ), guda ; see Kalyāṇakāraka 3.12. 8. Tandula Veyāliya 16, p. 35. Kalyāṇakäraka 3.11 9. Tan dula Vayāliya, p. 40 ; Kalyäņakāraka 3.12. 10. Tandula Veyaliya, (Navasoe ). 16, p. 35; Kalyāņakäraka, 3.12 (Navadvāra ). Il. “Navasrotaḥ puruşah, tatra karņadvaya 2-Calşurd vaya 2 Ghränadvaya 2, mukha
7 payu 8 pastha 9 lakṣmaṇāni iti". Tandula Veyāliya 16 (Comm., p. 38) Kalyāņakāraka, 3.5. 3.12.
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