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310
Phylum Chordate57
Subphylum Vertebrata58
Class Chonodrichthyes59
Class Osteichthyes 60
Class Amphibia61
:
Jaina Biology
Bilaterally symmetrical animals with a notochord, gill clefts in pharynx, and a dorsal, hollow neural tube.
00 (Five sensed Animals).
Animals having a definite head, a backbone of vertebrae, a well-developed brain and usually, two pairs of limbs. They have ventrally located heart, and a pair of well developed
eyes.
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carti
: Sharks, etc., e.g. Fishes with a laginous skeleton and scales of dentin and enamal imbedded in the skin.
: The bony fishes e. g. (Labeo Rohita Selley fish)
:
Rohitaka
Frog (Manduka ), toads, (a kind of maṇḍuka), Salamanders, (lizard like animal), etc.
As larvae these forms breathe by gills, as adults they breathe by lungs. There are two pairs of five-toed limbs; the skin is usually scaleless.
57. The animals ( man and higher animals having five sense organs fall under the class phylum chordate which consists of the subphylum, vertebrate, animals, such as fishes (maccha), amphibia (frogs-manduka, (Bhs. 12. 8. 446), rept les (parisarpas), birds (pakhi and mammals including man ( manuss), see Uttaradhyayana 36, 155, 170, 172. 180, 18. 187, 194; Panṇavana 1. 61, 62, 63, 70, 7. 72, 73, 74, 92; Tattvarthadhigamasutra II. 34.
58. The five-sensed animals of Jaina Biology can be classfied into eight classes of the sub-phylum vertebrata of Modern Biology, viz. (1) the Agnatha the Jawless fishes, e. g. Samhamaccha, lamprey cells, etc. (2) the placodermi-the Jawed fishes (3) the chondrichthyes, e. g. sharks (timi ?) with cartilaginous skeletons, (4) the osteichthyes the bony fishes, e. g. 'Rohiyamaccha (Labro-Rohita), (5) the Amphebia (frogs, Manduka) (6) the Reptilia (parisarpa) - lizards, snakes, the warm blooded fur bearing animals that suckle their youngs (Stbalacaracatuspada präpi, Apes and Man.
59. Sharkas (timi ?), etc.; See Paņņavana 1.63.
60, Rohita fish found in big pond, river and sea. See Pannav na 1.7.
61. Bhagavati Vyakhyāprajñapti 8. 2. 316; 12. 8. 460.
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