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(Fifth Section ) THE INTEGUMENTARY AND SKELETAL SYSTEM
The integumentary ( camma ) and skeletal (atthiya ) systems function independently of each other. The skin which covers the body, and the bony frame (atthiya )2 which supports it, are both organ systems, groups of organs that act together to perform one of the primary life functions. They act as protective devices for the body and together with the muscles they determine the shape and the symmetry of the body.3
The Skin (Camma )
All multicellular animals are covered exeternally by a skin or integument. The skin is one of the important organ systems and performs many diverse functions, according to modern Biology, “such as, (1) it protects the body against a variety of extermal environment, (2) it shields the underlying cells from mechanic injuries caused by pressure, friction or blows, (3) it protects the body against disease - producing organisms, (4) it protects the body with its water-proof quality from excessive loss of moisture or the excessive intacke of water in the case of acquatic animals, (5) it affords protection to the underlying cells from the harmful ultra-violet rays of the sun, (6) it can produce suntan by virtue of the pigment.6
"The skin also functions as a thermostatically controlled radiator, regulating the elimination of heat from the body, ... approximately 90
1. Tandula Veyāliya, P. 41. "Marsacammalevarmi." 2. “Ațhiyakadhine “Tandula Veyāliya, P. 41. Tinni Ātthidāmassayaim",
Tandula Veyaliya, 16, p. 35, p. 41. "Atthi” Ibid 6, p. 10. 3. Atthiyakadhine siranhārubamdhane mamsacammalevammi 1,
Tandula Veyaliya, p. 41 "Athiyathäņādharie, Pac, nharubamdbannibaddhe / tayamamsavasächannammi, india'ärakk haguttami //”.
Sarvegaramgasala, Sūtra. 1860, p. 146, 4. Tandula Veyaliya, 3, p. 7. ; Bhagavati Sūtra 1.7.61. 5. “Mámsacammalevammi". Tandula Veyaliy., p. 4.
"Bāhim tu tae Vedhi athire/" Samve zaramgasala, Sūtra 1860, p. 146. "Athiyakadhine siranharubamdhane maṁsacammalevammi /" Tandula Veyaliya, p. 41. Visuddhimagga explains that whole body is covered with skin like a big lute covered with damp oxhide" VM XI. 5. "Tac) sakala
sariram pariyonandhitva thito..yathā allagocimma pariyonaddhaya etc." 6. Biology, p. 337. JB 24
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