Early History of Orissa

Author(s): Amarchand Mittal
Publisher: Jain Cultural Research Society

Page 61

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AN EARLY HISTORY OF ORISSA
and Orissa, nor does the affix "tri' means three'.!!R. D. Banerji writes—“The existence of the term Trikalinga in Sanskrit tempts us to accept Mudu-Kalinga as a direct translation. The natural division of the northern extremity of the eastern coast of the Bay of Bengal is very well suited to the term Trikalinga.” But elsewhere he writes that Trikalingādhipati was high sounding and meaningless title. 4 Subbarao writes that the three Kalingas are Utkala or North Kalinga, Kalinga proper and Tel Kaliúga or South Kalinga, and that Trikalinga country extended from the river Ganges in the north to the river Godavari in the south. From the geographical existence of a country called Madhya-Kalinga in the Ganga inscriptions, Dr. D. C. Gangooli concluded that it corresponded roughly to the modern Vizagapatam district. The designation, he adds, was probably given to this province in order to distinguish it from south and north Kalinga which corresponded roughly to the modern districts of Godavari and Ganjam. These three divisions seem, according to him, to have constituted the country known as Trikalinga. Dr. R. C. Majumdar however holds the following view-- “In Eastern Chalukya records of the Tenth and subsequent centuries, Trikalinga is distinguished from Kalinga and is obviously regarded as a place of lesser importance than Kalinga...... We cannot take Trikalinga, in the present record, to denote the whole Kalinga and that it was the designation of a separate region, most probably, the hilly
1, B. C. Majumdar-Orissa In The Making, pp. 172, 187 & 194 ; B. Misra, JBORS, XIV, p. 145; and Dr. R, G, Basak, History of NorthEast India, p. 161, hold the positive view.
2. JAHRS, I, pp. 16-23 ; JBORS, XIV, pp. 539-47. 3. H.O., Vol. L. pp. 1-3. 4. Ibid, pp. 204 & 218. 5. JAHRS, VI, pp. 201 & 203. 6. IHQ, VIII, p. 29.