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ADMINISTRATION OF KALINGA
181
2. They are associated with the Kumāra-Viceroy at
Tosali (SKE II) and Aryaputra-Viceroy at Suverņagiri (MRE). Dr. Barua concludes from this that, like the Emperor, the Viceroys too had a Council of
Ministers to assist them in the affairs of the State. 3. Mahāmātras are also mentioned as Heads of Depart
ments, for instance, Dharma-Maltāmātras in charge of the Department of Morals; Strż-odhyaksha-Mahāmātras in charge of the affairs of women;" AntaMahāmātras in charge of frontiers, who corresponded to the Antapālas of the Arthaśāstra’ and the Goptris of the age of Skandagupta. The Kautilya tells us that the salary of an Antapāla was equal to that of a Kumāra, a Paura-vyāvahārika, a Member of the Mantri-parishad or a Rāshțrapāla." The Mahāmātras are also placed in-charge of over thousands of people, which might denote them as
executive officers (SKES). 5. They are very frequently sent out on quinquennial
inspection of judicial administration as on other
duties (SKEs). 6. They are given independent charge of cities, viz.,
Samāpā, Isilā (and Kośāmbi). Here they are called the Naglaka or Nagalavyahālaka which corresponds to the Nācaraka or the Paura-vyāvahārikas of the Artha
śāstra and had judicial and executive functions.? 1. AHI, Vol. I, p. 177, Vol. II, p. 289.
2. Cf. Rimāyana, II, 163; "Vriddhāna vetrapānīn...stryadhakshān"; Mbh, IX, 29, 68,90; XV, 22, 20; 23, 13; Antarvainsika Gaņikādhyaksha of the Arthaśāstra.
3. pp. 20 & 217, Tr: Shamsastry. 4. PHAI, p. 317. 5. P, 247. 6. IV, 5. 7. Arth. II, 36.
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