Doctrine of Karman in Jain Philosophy

Author(s): Hiralal R Kapadia
Publisher: Vijibai Jivanlal Panalal Charity Fund Mumbai

Page 52

II. ]
THE DOCTRINE OF KARMAN
21
utsarpini (ascending period of time); the same number of sāgaro pamas measures 1 avasarpini (descending period of time). Infinite utsarpinis and avasarpinis form 1 pudgala parāvarta.
The following table gives the highest and the lowest sthiti of each karman. In it the following abbreviations are employed : k = koți, kk =kotākoti, po = palyopama, so = sāgaro pama. The Sanskrit word "antar" e.g, in antarmuhūrta "a space of time within 48 minutes", i.e. less than 48 minutes, is expressed by the sign <.
Maximum
Minimum.
< 1 muhurta
I 5 Veilings of knowledge ... 30 kkso II 4 Veilings of undifferentiated cognition ..
30 kkso 5 Sleeps
30 kkso III Sensation of pleasure
15 kkso Sensation of pain
30 kkso IV Unbelief .. .
70 kkso 12 Passions
40 kkso Up-flaming anger
40 kkso Up-flaming pride
40 kkso Up-flaming deceitfulness 40 kkso Up-flaming greed
40 kkso joking, liking ...
10 kkso disliking, sorrow, fear, disgust 20 kkso male sex
10 kkso female sex
15 kkso third sex
20 kkso infernal ayus animal ayus ..
| 3 so human āyus ..
| 3 so celestial ayus ..
33 so infernal state of existence 20 kkso animal state of existence 20 kkso human state of existence
15 kkso
< 1 muhūrta 3/7 so 12 muhurta 3/7 so I so 4/7 so 2 māsa 1 māsa 1 pakşa < 1 muhurta 1/7 so 2/7 so 8 years 3/14 so 2/7 so 10,000 years 256 avalikās 256 avalikās 10,000 years 2000/7 po 2/7 so 3/14 so
V
33 so
VI
1 Comp. Prof. Jacobi's notes to Tattv. IV, 15. Utsarpiņi is a period of time at the beginning of which the moral etc, state of the world is very bad, but gradually improves till at the end of that period the culminating point of the good state is reached. Thereupon, immediately follows the avasarpini which begins with the best state and ends with the worst. Utsarpiņi and avasarpiņi follow one another in endless succession. Palyopama, sāgaro pama, pudgalaparāvarta are explicitly explained in Kg I 163b et seq., II 83a et seq. The entire doctrine of time is minutely treated in Lp sarga 28 et seq. See also F. 0. Schrader “Uber den stand der indischen Philosophie zu zeit Mahāvīras und Buddhas" (p. 61) and w Kirfel, “ Die Kosmographie der Inder" p. 337 et seq.