Doctrine of Karman in Jain Philosophy

Author(s): Hiralal R Kapadia
Publisher: Vijibai Jivanlal Panalal Charity Fund Mumbai

Page 51

JAIN PHILOSOPHY
(CHAP.
of the mutual relation of the prakřtis in bandha, udaya, sattā (see below).
Sarva-ghāti-karmans are those kinds of karman which completely destroy the qualities peculiar to the soul. They are 20, namely : the veilings of omniscience and absolute undifferentiated cognition, the 5 species of sleep, the 12 first passions, and unbelief.
Desa-ghāti-karmans are karma-prakrtis which do not completely, but only in a greater or less measure, destroy the qualities of the soul. There are 25 of them : the 4 first veilings of knowledge, the 3 first veilings of undifferentiated cognition, the 4 last passions, the 9 non-passions, and the 5 hindrances.
Aghāti-karmans destroy no property of the soul, either wholly or partially. These are the 75 ks which remain (120 — 20 — 25).
There are 42 good karman-species (punya-prakṣtis): (3) celestial state of existence, ānupūrvi, āyus; (3) human state of existence, ānupūrvi, āyus ; high family surroundings; pleasure ; (4) movable, gross developed, individual body ; (3) firm, beautiful, sympathetic ; melodious ; suggestive ; fame; the five bodies; the 3 limbs; the best firmness of the joints; the best figure ; annihilation of others; breathing ; warm splendour ; cold lustre ; not light-not heavy ; tirthakara ; formation; animal ayus ; 5-sensed class beings; good gait ; good odour ; good colours, good tastes, and good touches.
Bad karman-species (pāpa-prakstis) are the 82 remaining ones.
2. THE DURATION (sthiti) OF THE KARMAN Kg. II 122b et seq. Ps. 513 et seq. Tattv. VIII 15 et seq. Utt. 33, 21 et seq. Gandhi 71 et seq.
For the understanding of the duration of the karman communicated in the following, a few remarks on the division of time according to the Jain doctrine are advisable.
The lowest unit of time is the samaya. Innumerable samayas form an avalikā. 16,777,216 āvalikās equal 1 muhūrta (48 minutes of European time). 30 muhūrtas make one day. Out of the days are formed weeks, months and years in the ordinary Indian way. The number of years can be expressed in words up to a number containing 77 cyphers. Beyond that, it is asamkhyeya (indefinable) and can only be represented by comparisons. An innumerable quantity of years is called a " palyopama", 10 koțākoți (1,000,000,000,000,000) of palyopamas are I sāgaro pama. 10 kotākoti of sāgaro pamas comprise I
1-2 As with the bandha, the total number of the prakstis is here assumed to he 120,