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: CONVENTIONAL AND REAL TIME
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And this term 'time' signifies the existence of real time,' which is the basis of this conventional time. How?
What is secondary implies the real. The mode of a substance consists of the annihilation of a particular quality and the origination of another quality without vibration. The modes of the soul are anger and so on. The modes of matter are colour etc. The modes of the media of motion and rest and space are due to the rhythmic rise and fall caused by agurulaghu guna. Movement is characterized by vibration. It is of two kinds, causal and natural. The motion of the cart etc. is causal, and that of the clouds etc. natural. Prior and posterior apply to time as well as to place. Here these apply to time, as this section deals with time. The help rendered to substances in their continuity of being etc. proves the existence of time. It is contended that continuity of existence is sufficient, as modifications etc. are only subdivisions of it. But modifications etc. are not unnecessary. The amplification is intended to indicate the two kinds of time, real time and conventional time. Real time is established by continuity of being, and conventional time is determined by modifications etc. Conventional time is determined (recognized) by modifications in other substances, which are aso
1 Vartanā. Imperceptible changes take place incessantly every instant in all substances on account of their own nature. But the external (auxiliary) cause in these minute changes is the substance of time, which is of the extent of space-points of the universe, pervading the entire universe. Each unit of time is distinct and occupies one unit of space. That is, the units of space do not combine and form molecules as do the atoms of matter. Nor do they constitute one single continuum as the medium of motion, the medium of rest or space. The gradual change that takes place in substances owing to the auxiliary cause (of real time) is called vartanā. The existence of real time is established by the minute changes that go on in substances. The rice is cooked over the fire in a short interval of time. But the rice has neither been cooked in one instant nor all at once. But every instant, gradual and imperceptible changes have been going on incessantly, with the result the great change indicated by the larger size of the cooked rice) is perceptible at the end. If minute changes do not take place every instant, then there can be no great change either. Hence, it is established that minute changes have been taking place every instant during the cooking of the rice. And these minute changes take place because of the external cause of time. In this manner, minute changes take place in all substances because of the external cause of time. Time is without activity. Nevertheless time is the auxiliary cause of minute changes taking place in all substances,
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