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176
INFLUX OF KARMAS OF UNPLEASANT FEXLING
spite etc. towards the learned possessed of knowledge and perception and their means, as these are the basis of knowledge and perception. These are the causes of knowledge-and perception-obscuring karmas. It is seen that the same cause oan produce several effects. In the same manner, spite etc. can cause the influx of both knowledge-obscuring and perception - obscuring karmas. Or spite etc. relating to knowledge cause the jobux of kpowledge - obscuring karkas. And those relating to perception (indeterminate knowledge) cause the influx of karmas which obscure perception.
The several causes of the influx of knowledge-and perceptionobscuring karmas have been described. Similarly, the causes of the feeling - producing karmas are described next. दुःखशोकतापाक्रन्दनवधपरिदेवनान्यात्मपरोभयस्थानान्यसद्वेद्यस्य ॥११॥ Duḥkhaśokatā pākrandanavadhaparidevanānyātmaparobhayasthānānyasadvedyasya
(11) 11. Suffering, sorrow, agony, moaning, injury and lamentation, in oneself, in others or in both, lead to the influx of karmas which cause unpleasant feeling.
Suffering is the feeling of pain. The feeling of sadness at the loss or separation of desirable or useful things is sorrow. The feeling of distress owing to disgrace is agony. Moaning is weeping loudly out of anguish. Injury is depriving one of life, the senses, strength or vigour, and respiration.' Lamentation is the loud outcry (wailing) of an afflicted person by recalling the achievements of the departed and giving expression to these in order to evoke sympathy in others and secure help to oneself and others.
Now, since sorrow etc. are only subdivisions of suffering, there is no need to include all these. It is of course true. Still it is desirable or useful to mention a fow subdivisions or species belonging to the genus or class to facilitate understanding. When the word cow is not understood, then the particulars such as broken horns, black, white, etc. are mentioned in order to make it understood. Similarly, the influx caused by suffering is innumerable times the spatial units of the
See pages 62 and 63 (II, 13 & 14).
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