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THE INTERNAL AUSTERITIES
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difference between affliction and mortification? Affliction is what occurs by chance. Mortification is self-imposed. These are called external, because these are dependent on external things and these are seen by others. The divisions of internal austerities are described next.
प्रायश्चित्तविनयवैयावृत्त्यस्वाध्यायव्युत्सर्गध्यानान्युत्तरम् ॥ २० ॥ Prāyaścittavinayaraiyāırltyasvādhyāyavyutsargadhyānānyuttaram
- (20) 20. Expiation, reverence, service, study, renunciation and meditation are the internal austerities.
How are these internal? These are internal, as the mind is restrained or subdued in these cases. The removal of sins committed by negligence or under the influence of passions is expiation. Reverence to the holy personages is 'vinaya'. Service is the help rendered to the saints in difficulty by bodily activity or with things. Contemplation of knowledge or giring up sloth or idleness is study. The giving up of the attitude of 'I' and 'mine' is renunciation. Checking the ramblings of the mind is meditation.
The subdivisions of internal austerities are mentioned next.
नवचतुर्दशपञ्चद्विमेदा यथाक्रम प्रारध्यानात् ॥ २१ ॥ Navacaturdaśapañcadvibhedā pathā kranam prugdhyānāt (21)
21. Prior to meditation these are of nine, four, ten, five and two kinds respectively.
From the use of the term 'respectively' these are taken as follows. Expiation is of nine kinds. Reverence is of four kinds. Service is of ten kinds. Study is of five kinds. Renunciation is of two kinds. It is mentioned 'prior to meditation', as there is plenty to be said about meditation. Hence meditation will be described later.
The subdivisions of the first are described. आलोचनप्रतिक्रमणतदुभयविवेकव्युत्सर्गतपश्छेदपरिहारोपस्थापनाः॥ २२ ॥ Alocanaprati kramanatadubhayavitekavyutsargatapascheda parihāropasthā panāḥ
(22) 22. Confession, repentance, both, discrimination, giving
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