Outlines of Jainism

Author(s): J L Jaini, F W Thomas
Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Page 80

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OUTLINES OF JAINISM
together, we need a binding force, which is called bandhana-nāma-karma, and is of five kinds
Five bandhana-nāma-karmas, according as they keep together the five kinds of bodies; e.g. the nervous system in the physical body;
Five sanghāta-nāma-karmas, which relate to the unifying principle in the five bodies;
Six sumsthāna-nāma-karmas, relating to proportionate form or build of the body: (1) sama-chatura, all-round symmetry ; (2) nyugrodha-parimandala, more or less round, like the banyan or vața-tree, on the upper part of the body, and small or short in the lower limbs; (3) sāchi (svāti), the reverse of (2), i.e. short at the top and long in the lower limbs; (4) kubja, hunchback ; (5) vāmana, dwarf; (6) hundaka, with knotty limbs ;
Six samhanana-nāma-karmas, relating to the joints, bones, and sinews of the body: (1) vajru-vrishabhanārācha-samhanana, unbreakable and strong like adamant; (2) vajra-nārācha, like stone; (3) nārācha, unbreakable; (4) ardha-nārācha, semi-unbreakable; (5) kilikā, as strong as a riveted body; (6) sphatika, crystal-like, or asamprāptās?pātika;
Five varna-rāma-karmas, determining the colours of the body: (1) krishnu, black ; (2) harita, green ; (3) pīta, yellow; (4) rohita, red; (5) śretu, white;
Two gandha-nama-karmas, determining the odorous or malodorous character of the body;
Five rasa-numu-karmas, determining the taste; (1) pungent, (2) bitter, (3) saline, (4) acid or sour, (5) sweet;
Eight sparśa-nāmu-karmas, determining the qualities