Journal of Gyansagar Science Foundation 2013 04 01

Author(s): Sanjeev Sogani, Vimal Jain
Publisher: Gyansagar Science Foundation

Page 16

Importance of Jaina Mathematics
Dr. Anupam Jain Professor of Mathematics, Govt. Holkar (Autonomous) Science College,
Indore - 452017 Mob: 9425053822; E-mail anupamjain3@rediffmail.com
बहुभिर्विप्रलापैः किं त्रैलोक्ये सचराचरे । यत्किंचिद्वस्तु तत्सर्व गणितेन बिनानाहि ।।
What is good of saying much in vain? Whatever there is all the three words which are proposed of moving and non-moving being all that indeed cannot exists as apart from Mathematics.
Inspite of the fact that above statement was given by renowned Indian Mathematician Acarya Mahavira (814-877 A.D.) who belongs to much latter time but able to say the importence of Mathematician in the field of knowledge. Through this statement in G. S. S. (Ganita-Sara-Samgraha) which is a first mathematical texibook written by any Indian Mathematician Acarya Mahavira indirectly established unique and indispencible situation of Mathematics in Jainism. The same view was expressed by Pt. Todarmala (1740-1767A.D.) in the Introduction (purva pithika) of commentory of Trilokasara
बहुरि जे जीव संस्कृतादिक के ज्ञान सहित हैं किन्तु गणिताम्नायादिक के ज्ञान के अभाव ते मूल ग्रंथ
या टीका विषै प्रवेश न करहूँ तिन भव्य जीवन काजे इन ग्रंथ की रचना करी है।
For those people, who have the knowledge of Samskrita etc.; but due to lake of knowledge of Mathematics they con't understand the original texts or commentaries of these texts have been prepared. It indicates the utility of Mathematics in understanding Jaina philosophy.
Abstract
In connection to 72 Arts available in Agmas Hiralal Jain writes. CETF4131TUE1011311"(Script etc. but full of Mathematics) Entire Jania literature can be classified in 4 sections (Anuyogas)
Digambara Tradition Prathmanuyoga Karanauyoga Carananuyoga Drvyanuyoga
Shwetambara Tradition Dharmakathanuyoga Carana - Karananuyoga Gantianuyoga Drvyanuyoga
The books comd under the category of Gantianuyoga of Karananuyoga & Drvyanuyoga are connected with Mahtematics. In the descriptions related with Cosmology, Cosmography, Cosmogony, Astronomy & Astrology we find the material related with mathematics. Hence we find many mathematical and philosophical texts full of mathematics in jaina Bhandars. Jainacaryas created astrological books to find proper time and place for religious ceremonies.
The well know mathematical texts written by Sridhara entitled Trisatika published in 1899 by S.D. Dvivedi but at that time it is treated as non-jaina text. In 1912 Ganita - sara - Samgraha of Mahaviracarya published by Madras government with Englih translation and notes by M. Rangacarya.
The first information about this mathematical text was given by D.E. Smith in 1908 by published and article in Bibleotheca Mathematics. In this way Jaina School of Mathematics came into picture. So far a lot of work has been done by B.B. Datta, A.N. Singh, L.C. Jain, R.C. Gupta, T.A. Saraswati, Sabal Singh, Padmavathamma, Takao Hayashi etc.
In the preset talk we will discuss about 1. Mathematics in Jaina Literature & Jiana Mathematicians
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