Journal of Gyansagar Science Foundation 2013 04 01

Author(s): Sanjeev Sogani, Vimal Jain
Publisher: Gyansagar Science Foundation

Page 78

Dr. Surendra Singh Pokharna, Volume 1 Issue 1 April 2013
(c). Flow of millions of tones of fertile soil in the sea every year.
(d). Adulteration of food and medicines and many industrial products.
(e). Spread of electromagnetic
pollutions in
atmosphere due to very large increase in use of mobiles, internet and other electric gadgets. (f). Decrease in orderliness in music and increase in noise.
(g). Mixing of roles of men and women.
(h). Increase in corruption and black money due to which unaccounted money is diverted from main economy to areas and accounts which are not counted in GDP and so on.
Creation of the so called ordered systems (say concrete jungles, industries etc) in the name of economic development has basically led to generation of entropy in the biosphere. Such ordered systems can be called as "Ordered systems" generating larger entropy
The Darwin's principle of evolution and its impact on society and the environment
At this juncture, it is also necessary to understand the important role of education of The Darwin's principle of evolution on the society and the environment. As we know this principle is based on the rule of natural selection and was brought into lime light by Charles Darwin. An assumption is made that all life emerged from slow evolution from a single ancestor. The basic idea of his hypothesis is that due to limitation on resources, various species of living world struggle for survival. Those which have slightly superior functionality will survive and others which do not have these additional functionalities will be eliminated and the whole process is very slow. Hence those who can adjust with the change in time, survives and others are eliminated. This is therefore being described in short by a well know saying that is "the survival of the fittest. This principle was enunciated by Darwin about 150 years ago. At that time there was no genetics. With this new development, the same principle was termed as Neo Darwinism. Under this name natural selections at genetic level is considered during mutation and those genes are selected which are superior in functionalities. (Wikipedia)
Darwin also talks of evolution of human beings and mammals and observes that all humans have striking similarities with apes and hence humans evolve from apes through natural selection in very slow processes over long time. However, Darwin's ideas are based on analysis of past data and develop correlations among them to establish some hypothesis. He observes that there are no goals or directions for species to evolve, say like for highly
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developed species like human beings and animals, which might be partly determined by value system prevalent in the society. etc. They only look at nearby future and attempts to survive. (Wikipedia). Goldsmith (1990) feels that it is due to too much emphasis of the education of this Darwin's principle of evolution that so much damage has been done to the environment. Dennet (1995) has written a book whose title is Darwin's Dangerous Idea: Evolution and the Meanings of Life put lot of emphasis on designing of morality, the risk involved with the Darwin's principle of evolution and its education.
Criteria for development: Knowledge, Entropy or Order: General Systems Theory can provide new insight
Hence to handle all the above problems mentioned above, we look for a new discipline which has recently emerged (John Gigch, 1978) and is called General Systems Theory (GST). It has been developed to handle such complex systems and issues. Different sets of rules are there to describe and understand such systems.
In this analysis pure physical sciences are now categorized as hard systems and subjects like sociology, religion, psychology, biology etc are classified as soft systems. (Bertalanffy 1976). It has been developed to handle such diverse systems and is a serious attempt to reconcile physical sciences with social sciences. As per this theory, all systems are characterized by transfer of information, knowledge and entropy/order which are much more important than any other attribute. Even energy comes next to them.
At this juncture we find that Order or entropy and knowledge are the major property of these open systems, and we have also seen in the section 4 that entropy is main creation of the so called economic development which in turn has been enhanced by the scientific and technological development. Hence there are two different topics which need to be now explored. First is to define "Order" in the present situation and second is how a state of consciousness and its evolution are linked with this order. For this we shall put forwards some simple ideas of order in different systems and how order can be generated from disorder in what follows:
Some examples of Order in nature
Now let us understand what we mean by order in the present context. The following examples attempts to illustrate our point of view.