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THE INDIAN ANTIQUARY
[ JULY, 1922
to his name. So the conquests of Vijayasena must have been effected much earlier in his reign, at a time when Vijayasena, far from being a younger or even a true contemporary of Nanyadeva, becomes in Mr. Banerjea's chronological scheme decidedly elderly.
Vijayagena, moreover, is described in the Deopârâ inscription as having "attacked the king of Gauda" (). Who was this Gaudendra? Scholars have been almost unanimous in their opinion that it was Madanapala, who was defeated by Vijayasena. Already Mr. Banerjea is at great pains to synchronise Vijayasena and Madanapâla. In one place he states that Madanapâla must have been defeated "sometime after the year 1108." In another place he places Vijayasena's death" about the year 1108."14 But in my paper on a "Chronology of the Pâla Dynasty," I have shown that Madanapala usurped the throne in 1115 A.D., so that, the reign of Vijayasena in Mr. Banerjea's scheme falls entirely within that of the great Râmapâla, who is not at all likely to have been the Gauḍendra put to flight by Vijayasena. In the legendary work Sekhasubhodaya, Bâmapâla is said to have been succeed. ed in his kingdom by Vijayasena. Moreover, Vijayasena merely put the king of Gauda to flight. The destruction of the Pâla kingdom must then have been effected by one of his suc. cessors. Lakshmanasena on the other hand is credited in the inscriptions with having defeat. ed the kings of Kasi (and Prayaga), Orissa and Kâmarûpa, 16 indicating that Gauḍa and Magadha had already come completely under the sway of the Sena dynasty, evidently by the conquests of his predecessor Vallâlasena. This is supported by the fact that Vallâla describes himself in the introduction of the Adbhutaságara as "endowed with arms that served as tying posts for the elephant viz., the king of Gauda” (गोडेन्द्रकुञ्जरालानस्तम्भवातुर्महीपतिः ) This eonquest of Gauḍa (and Magadha) by Vallâla becomes impossible in the chronological scheme of Mr. Banerjea, according to which Vallala died in 1119 A.D., when, as we have shown, Mada. napala was just 4 years on the throne. The destruction of the Påla kingdom is, for all we know, referred to the reign of Govindapâla, and most certainly not to the beginning of Madanapala's reign.
(To be continued.);
BOOK-NOTICE.
ANCIENT INDIA, by PROFESSOR U. N. BALL, M.A. | Professor Ball has therefore set out to write. Kamala Book Depôt, Calcutta and Patna, 1921. University text book of the history of Ancient India, and it is from this standpoint that the book must be viewed. It is in sixteen chapters and takes us up to Harshavardhana, i.e., to 647 A.D., the last two chapters dealing with the "Smalier Kingdoms of Northern India" and the "Kingdoms of Southern India" as far as the Muhammadan supremacy (1192 A.D.).
I must commence my notice of this book with an apology. It is a year ago since I promised Professor Ball that I would review it in this Journal, but one thing and another has prevented me from giving it attention.
"The object of writing the book is to provide a suitable compendium for University students."
14 The Palas of Bengal, p. 103 and p. 105.
15 Ante, Vol. XLIX, p. 189 ff.
18 In the Madanapada plate of his son Visvarapa (JASB., 1896, pt. I, p. 11) Lakshmanasena is described (verse 12) as having installed victory pillars in the three holy cities of Puri, Benares and Allahabad. In his Madhâinagar plate Lakshmanasena is called a and a conqueror of Kamarupa (line 32), as well as of Kâsi and Kalinga (11. 19-20), vide JASB., 1909, p. 473. But in line 19 we have an interesting passage which has escaped the notice of scholars: it runs (slightly emended) as follows: "Treft affedean zerari: "—" whose youthful (when he was a prince) sport consisted in forcibly taking away the lady, viz., the Royalty of the king of Gauge," We have thus epigraphic evidence to show that the final defeat of the king of Gauda was the work of Vallala, who was largely helped therein by his son, then a prince.
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