Indian Antiquary Vol 51

Author(s): Richard Carnac Temple, Devadatta Ramkrishna Bhandarkar
Publisher: Swati Publications

Page 309

KAL
85
KAL
Kalika-Sangama-The confluence of the Kaasiki and the Arupá (Padma P., Svarga,
ch. 19). KAli-Nadi (East)-A river which rising in Kumaun joins the Ganges (Vamana P., ch. 13).
The town of Sankhaya stood on the east bank of this river. It is also called Kalinf or Kalindi. Kanauj stands on the western bank of the eastern Kalf-Nadi, 3 or 4 miles from its junction with the Ganges. From its source to its junction with the Dhaval&-ganga, Gouri and Chandrabhågå, it is called Kali-gaiga, and after its junction, it is known by the
name of Kali-nadi. Kallnda-Desa-A mountainous country situated in the Bandarapuchchha range of the
Himalaya, where the Jamuna has got its source; hence the river is called Kalindi. Same as Kulinda-dea. The Kalinda-giri is also called Yamuna Parvata (Ramdyana, Kishkindhå
K., ch. 40). Kalindi—The river Jamana. See Kalinda-desa. Kalliga The Northern Circars : a country lying on the south of Orissa and north of Dravida
on the border of the sea. According to General Cunningham, it was between the Godavari river on the south-west and the Gaolya branch of the Indråvati river on the north-west (Cunningham's Anc. Geo., p. 515). It was between the Mahanadi and the Godavari (according to Rapson's Ancient India, p. 164). Its chief towns were Manipura, Rajapura or Rajamahendri (Mbh., Adi, ch. 215; Sânti, ch. 4). At the time of the Mahabharata, a large portion of Orissa was included in Kalinga, its northern boundary being the river Baitarani (Vana, ch. 113). At the time of Kalidasa, however, Utkala (Orissa) and Kalinga were separate kingdoms (Raghwania, IV). It became independent of Magadha shortly after the death of Asoka in the third oentury B.O., and retained its independence at least ap to the time of Kanishka, Kaluga-Nagara-The ancient name of Bhuvanesvara in Orissa. The name was changed
into Bhuvanesvars at the time of Lalatendu Kesari in the seventh century A. C. It was the capital of Orissa from the sixth century B.o. to the middle of the fifth century A.o. (Dr. R. L. Mitra's Antiquities of Orissa, vol. II, p. 62 and Dadakumaracharita, ch. 7.) But it has now been identified with Mukhalingam, a place of pilgrimage 20 miles from Parlakimedi in the Ganjam district (Ep. Ind., vol. III, p. 220). It contains many Buddhist and Hindu remains. The temple of Madhukesvara Mahadeva is the oldest, and that of Somebyara Mabadeva the prettiest. These old temples still bear numerous inscriptions and excellent soulptures. The adjoining Nagarakatakam also contains some interesting remains and a statue of Buddha. But according to the Parlakimedi inscriptions of Indravarman, king of Kalinga, Kalinga-nagata is Kalingapetam at the mouth of the Bam. gadhârå river in the Ganjam district (Ind. Ant., XVI, 1887, p. 132). The K.Ch. (composed in 1577 A.D.), places it on the river Kampsa which is different from the Kasai. Kalinganagara, however, appears to have been the general name of "he capitals of Kaliiga which were different at different periods, as Manipura, Rajapura, Bhuvanesvara, Pishtapura,
Jayantapura, Simhapura, Mukhalinga, etc. Kaunjara-Kalinjar in Bundelkhand. The fort was built by the Chandel king Kirát
Brahma : it contains the shrine of Mahadeva Nilakantha and the Tirtha called Rotatirtha (Matsya P., ch. 180; Lieut. Maisey's Description of the Antiquities of Kalinjar
in JASB., XVII, p. 171). See Kålañjara. KAK-Pitha-Same as Kalighafa (Tantrachudamani).