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NOVEMBER, 19221
THE VELVT KUDT TLATES AND THE SAYGILAM AGE
215
His son Nedan-jadaiyan defeated the Polleva at Pênsa hadam, south of the Kaveri, and the Ay-rel and the Kurrumbas at Náttukurrumbu (11. 88, 92-96). His titles were Tênna.. vânava (Påndya and Cera), Srivara (lord of fortune), Srimanohara (charming with for tuno), Sinaccozba (angry Cola), Punap-puzhiya (of dry-land Ceras), Vitakalmasha (rid of impurities), Vinaya-visruta (famed for humility), Vikrama-paraga (of unbounded valou:), Vira-puroga (first of heroes), Marut-bala (strong as wind), Mânya-såsana (of honoured commands), Manupama (like to Manu), Mardita-vîra (of trampled heroes), Giri-sthira (mountain-firm), Giti-kinnara (a centaur in song), Krp-alaya (home of mercy), Krt-âpadâna (of finished works), Kalip-pahai (foe of Kali), Kanţaka-nishthura (merciless to the evil-minded), Kârya-dakshiņa (skilled in works), Kårmuka-Pârtha (Arjuna-like bowman), Parântaka (destroyer of foes), Pandita-vatsala (patron of learned men). Pari půrna (contented), Pâpabhîru (fearing sin), Guna-grâhya (appreciating merit), Gadh-anirnaya (secret in counsel) (11.97.-102).
In his 3rd year, a citizen, fallen in fortune (padu-nittavar), and not, as Mr. Venkayya says, the palace-singer, of Madura complained to the king that Veļvikudi, granted to his family by the king's ancestor Paramesvara Kudumi, had been resumed by the Kalabhras. The king smiled unbelieving (nanrru-nanrrênrru), and asked him to prove the old grant by evidence (nantai). When it was so proved, the king renewed the grant to Kamak-kani Távaran Singan of. Korrkai (11. 103—118, 134).
Mr. L. D. Sramikannu Pillai is puzzled that the king agreed to accept as evidence of the grant the oral testimony of the villagers, though more than 7 generations had passed, since possession was lost. But the plates only say that the king wanted the grant to be proved by evidence, as nattal is from nattu, 'to establish', and that it was so proved. So the gift must have been proved by producing the deed, which remained, even after poses. sion was lost.
The Ajnapti, i.e., the executor, who is usually the grantor himself, or, if it is a king's grant, the yuvaraja, uttara-mantri (premier), or district officer, is here Mârran's son Kari, of Vaidya caste, and title lavenda-mangalap-per-araiyan, a descendant of the Karavandapura (Kalakkâd in Tinnevelli District) family (Karavanda-purattavar-kulat-tonrral), settled there by the previous king (půrva-rája) Mârran for services in defeating Gangarâja of the Kongas and, at Venbai, the Vallabha, and negotiating Mârran's marriage with Gangaraja's daughter (II. 126-9, 132-3). The title Valla bha is normal to the Calukyas, and, as this battle was fought about the time of Vikramaditya II's invasion in c. 740 A.D., and he claims conquest of the Pandyas alsoin that invasion (E.I., IX, 205), this Vallabha must be Vikramditya II. The Kôngas' king here mentioned as having married Gangaraja's daughter must be Mârran, who won that titlo by conquest.
Then a donee Marti Eyinan (l. 136), and Sattan Sattan, or, Senâ pati Enadi, who wrote this Tamil eulogy aro mentioned (11. 139-40). Next follow Sanskrit verses, which mention the Ajnapti as Mangala-raja (the auspicious chief), Madhura-tara (of sweet manners), Sastra. vit (versed in sciences), Kavi (poet), Vagmi (eloquent), a Vaidya, resident of Karavandapura, and the usual imprecatory stanzas about the making, protecting, and violating of grants, cited from Vaish nava-dharma (perhaps the Vishnu dharmottara-purana, (u. 141-50). The engraver was Yuddha Kesari (lion in battle) Pêrum-panai-kâran (the great drummert (1. 155.)
I now fix the date of these plates. The last kings of the Sanskrit and Tamil parts are identical, as they were both sons of the Mârran, who married the Malava princess, named Jatila and Parântaka, and ruling at the time of the grant. The Ajnapti was the builder
