Jyotirdharni Jivan Gatha Virchand Raghavji Gandhi

Author(s): Pannalal R Shah
Publisher: ZZZ Unknown
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/005204/1

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| maulidhIjIGSAthA (zrI vIracaMda rAghavajI gAMdhI) -pannAlAla 2. zAha MADE IN INDIA JAINA (Jain Association In North America) NOT FOR SALE (VRG Scholarship Fund) SKPG JAIN PHILOSOPHICAL & LITERARY RESEARCH Jain EducaCENTREAGHATKOPAR MUMBAPse Only

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kamala prakAzana zreNI puSpa - 1 jyotirdharanI jIvanagAthA (saMvardhita AvRtti) (zrI vIracaMda rAghavajI gAMdhI) le. pannAlAla ra. zAha -: PUBLISHERS :JAINA (Jain Association In North America) Shri Virchand Raghavji Gandhi Scholarship Fund C/O PRAVIN C. SHAH : 28, Dyckman Avenue, New Hyde Park, New York 11040 (U.S.A.). Ph.: 516-742-6097, 515-248-5265 E-mail: kenpet007.@hotmail.com G. M. BARVALIA - Hon.Co-Ordinature SAURASHTRA-KESARI PRAN GURU JAIN PHILOSOPHICAL & LITERARY RESEARCH CENTRE S.P.R. Jain Kanya Shala Trust, Shri Jagadhir Boda Vidya Sankul, Kama Lane, Ghatkopar (West), Mumbai - 400 086. Ph.: 516 3434, 515 5476

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Jyotirdhar-ni-Jeevan Gatha Written by: Pannalal R. Shah June 2001, 2nd Edition (Revised) Published by : JAINA (Jain Association In North America) Shri Virchand Raghavji Gandhi Scholarship Fund G. M. BARVALIA - Hon.Co-Ordinature SAURASHTRA-KESARI PRAN GURU JAIN PHILOSOPHICAL & LITERARY RESEARCH CENTRE prAptisthAnA ognied Hisec disez: 938, Bozlar zela, jor8 - 2. yolei 451219: G16 Zachar, e012 zs, 2148 2. Printed by :ARIHANT PRINTING PRESS Saibaba Nagar, Pant Nagar, Ghatkopar (E), Mumbai-400 077. Phone: 511 4341

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etganito || laura || STUS (150 ) Tshis) obralis fans Sue In Loving Memory of Sin Solusi Shri Jivraj Sobhagchand Mehta (Mumbai) Pis Donated by Kishor & Ranjan Mehta, New York Bus TRES

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lekhakanAM pustako jIvana caritra jyotirdharanI jIvanagAthA (Disembara, 1987) zrI vIracaMda gAMdhI (jaina darzana paricaya zreNI) jyotirdharanI jIvanagAthA (saMvardhita) 2001 lekha saMgraha nirIkSaNa ane arthaghaTana anubhUti ane pratIti spaMdana ane saMvedana (presamAM) kavitA smita karyuM nA hota! vivecana zabdanAM ovAraNAM saMpAdana mahuvAnI asmitA mAlaNanA kinAre samayaciMtana (anyo sAthe) tatva vicAra ane abhivaMdanA (anyo sAthe) jaina sAhitya samAroha, guccha-1 (anyo sAthe) jaina sAhitya samAroha, guccha-2 (anyo sAthe) savIryadhyAna ardhI sadInA Are (paryuSaNa vyAkhyAna mALAnAM pacAsa varSa) ardhI sadInA Are (saMvardhita AvRtti, presamAM) have pachI phUlanI maka, kesaranI suvAsa mAlatI phUle mohiyo

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arpaNa ooooooo S rika 0 0 0 mArA jIvana ghaDataramAM mahattvanuM pradAna karanAra saMsthAo - zrI mahAvIra snAtra maMDaLa, mahuvA zrI mahuvA keLavaNI sahAyaka samAja saMcAlita zrI kizora ratilAla gAMdhI miDala skUla 1) | 2) 0 0 ane zrI jayaMtIlAla prAgajIbhAI pArekha hAIskUlA | 3) ucca abhyAsa mATe zrI mahAvIra jaina vidyAlaya ane ga, 4) saMskAra ane sAhitya jagatamAM mane praveza karAvanAra | zrI muMbaI jaina yuvaka saMgha tathA | 5) jayabhikhkhuM sAhitya TrasTane sAdara bhAvapUrvaka

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. jyotirdharanI jIvana gAthA zramaNa saMskRtinA saMvardhakane bhAvAMjali saurASTrakesarI prANaguru jaina phIlosophIkala enTa lITararI rIsarca senTaranA upakrame 'jyotirdharanI jIvanagAthA'nuM prakAzana karatA ame AnaMda anubhavIe chIe. saurASTrakesarI prANagurunI janmazatAbdI samitie janmazatAbdInI ujavaNI nimitte samuccita nidhimAMthI ujavaNIbAda silaka rahetI mAtabara rakamanI zrI paMDita ratnacaMdrajI jaina kanyAzALA TrasTane, saurASTra kesarI prANaguru jaina liTararI enDa phIlosophIkala risarca seMTaranI sthApanA karavA mATe soMpI ane teno svIkAra thayo eTale A kendra astitvamAM AvyuM tenA uddeza hetu pravRttionI vigato A pustakamAM ApI che te jijJAsu vAcakone joI javA vinaMtI. 'mAnavamitra' TrasTanA zrI praviNacaMdra gaMbhIracaMda zAhe A kendranI pravRttimAM rasa laI, kendra dvArA hAtha dharAnArI pravRttiomAMthI kAyamI dhoraNe prakAzananI yojanA mATe rU|. ekalAkha paccIsa hajAranuM dAna ApyuM emanA pUjya mAtuzrI kamaLAbenanA nAma parathI A zreNIne 'kamala prakAzana zreNI'nuM nAma ApavAnuM nakkI thayuM. A dAna amArA kendrane maLe te mATe preraNA ApanAra zrI pannAlAla ra. zAha ane 'mAnava mitra'nA TrasTIo zrI bhAIlAlabhAI, zrI praviNabhAI, zrI kanubhAI tathA samagra zrI gaMbhIracaMda umedacaMda zAha parivAranA ame AbhArI chIe. senTara dvArA gata varSe amadAvAdamAM yojAyela jaina vidvAnonA saMmelananI phalazruti rUpe madhyakAlIna gurjara jaina sAhityanA saMzodhananI yojanA aMtargata seMTara dvArA pUrvAcArya somasuMdarasuri kRta bAlAvabodha upadezamAlAnA graMthanuM saMzodhana saMpAdana prakAzananuM kArya hAtha dharAyuM che. uparAMta prAcIna madhyakAlIna jaina kathAnakonA saMzodhana saMpAdana, prakAzananuM kArya tathA uttama kRtio alaga alaga vebasAITa para mUkavAnuM kArya cAluM che. A varSe phebruArImAM zrI praviNacaMdra sI. zAha (nyuyorka) ceraparsana vIracaMda rAghavajI gAMdhI skolarazIpa phaMDa (jainA) ne maLavAnuM thayuM. temaNe x

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jyotirdharanI jIvana gAthA 'jyotirdharanI jIvanagAthA' pustakanuM punaH prakAzana karavAnI darakhAsta karI. zrI pannAlAla ra. zAhe zrI vIracaMda gAMdhI viSe navI upalabdha thaI rahelI mAhitI temAM Ame ja karI saMvardhita AvRtti taiyAra karavAnuM sUcana karyuM ane te aMgenuM bIDuM jhaDapyuM. te mujaba I.sa. 1894mAM cikAgothI vIAracaMda gAMdhIe lakhela patranI nakala, 1896mAM premacaMda rAyacaMdanA pramukhasthAne zrI vIracaMda gAMdhIne apAyela mAnapatra I.sa. 1899mAM jasTIsa mahAdeva goviMda rAnaDenA pramukhasthAne temane apAyela mAnapatra zrI dezInATaka samAjanA sthApaka ane nATaya maharSi zrI DAhyAbhAI dhoLazAjI jhaverI ane anya mitroe racela zrI vIracaMda gAMdhI viSenA prazasti kAvyo ane aneka phoTogrAphasa saMzodhita karI meLavyA ane te A pustakamAM Ameja karavAmAM AvyA che. temano tyA mahAvIra jaina vidyAlayamAM sacavAI rahelA caMdrako ane meDalsanA phoTogrApha levAnI saMmati ApavA badala vidyAlayanA saMcAlakono AbhAra mAnIe chIe. vI.Ara.jI. skolarazipa phaMDa jainAnA zrI praviNabhAI sI. zAha ane kamiTinA tamAma sabhyonA AbhArI chIe. dAtA zrI kizorabhAI mahetA (nyuyorka)nA RNI chIe. seMTaranI vividha pravRttimAM Arthika anudAna ApanAra dAnavIro tathA derAsaro ane upAzrayonA jJAnakhAtAmAMthI seMTarane anudAna ApanAra TrasTo ane TrasTIono A take AbhAra mAnIe chIe. pataMgiyu jema eka phUla para besI uDIne bIjA phUla para jaI parAgarajanuM AdAna pradAna karI upavanane samRddha kare che tevI ja rIte vIracaMda gAMdhI jevA vizvacetanAnA vaNajhArAe zramaNa saMskRtinA saMvardhananuM je kArya karI vItarAgadharmanA utkRSTa AdarzonI suvAsane videzamAM prasarAvI te kAryane bhAvAMjali arpaNa karuM chuM. zrI vIracaMda rAghavajI gAMdhInA svargArohaNanI zatAbdI varSamAM A pustaka pragaTa thAya che te AnaMdadAyaka ghaTanA che. AzA che ke A kendranA uttarottara vikAsamAM samAjano sahayoga maLI raheze. muMbaI 2-5-2001 bhagavAna mahAvIra kaivalyakalyANaka 7 guNavaMta baravALiyA mAnada saMyojaka

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jyotirdharanI jIvana gAthA preraka ghaTanAnuM sAkAra svarUpa i.sa. 1963nA oNgasTa mAsanI AkharamAM ke sapTembara mAsanA prAraMbhanA saptAhamAM dainika 'muMbaI samAcAra'nA 'jayajinendra' vibhAganA saMpAdaka zrI ratilAla cImanalAla zAha, 'dharmapriya'e sUcaka Takora karelI. cikAgo vizvadharma pariSadamAM jainadharmanuM pratinidhitva karanAra svanAmadhanya zrI vIracaMda rAghavajI gAMdhInI janmazatAbdIno divasa gayo, paraMtu jaina dharma ane samAje enI noMdha suddhAM lIdhI nahi, evI matalabanI e Takora hatI. zrI vIracaMda gAMdhIno janma 25mI oNgasTa, 1864nA roja mahuvAmAM thayo hato eTale I.sa. 1963mAM janmazatAbdI varSano prAraMbha thayo gaNAya. zrI mahAvIra jaina vidyAlayanA e vakhatanA mahAmAtra (ane pachI DirekTara) zrI kAMtilAla DAhyAbhAI korAnuM A bAbata meM dhyAna kheMcyuM. emaNe kahyuM ke, vAta sAcI paraMtu, janma zatAbdInI ujavaNI mATe AjathI prayatnazIla thavuM ghaTe. mAruM vatana mahuvA eTale sva. vIracaMda gAMdhInA pautro zrI bacubhAI gAMdhI ane zrI rasikabhAI gAMdhI sAthe patravyavahAra karyo. zrI vIracaMda gAMdhInuM apragaTa sAhitya ane suvarNacaMdrako vagere emanI pAse hovAnI zakyatA viSe pRcchA karI. pratyuttaramAM emaNe A badhuM sAhitya ane caMdrako vagere zrI mahAvIra jaina vidyAlayane ApavAnI tatparatA darzAvI. tA. 15 Disembara, 1963nA roja zrI mahAvIra jaina vidyAlanA e vakhatanA maMtrI zrI caMdulAla vardhamAna zAha, mahAmAtra zrI kAMtilAla DI. korA ane huM mahuvA gayA. zrI vIracaMdabhAInA hastAkSaramAM lakhAyela noTabuka, patravyavahAra, suvarNacaMdrako ane kAskeTa vagere emanAM kuTuMbIjanoe zrI mahAvIra jaina vidyAlayane arpaNa karyA. AgaLa jatAM i.sa. 1970mAM apragaTa hastaprata parathI zrI mahAvIra jaina vidyAlaye The Systems of Indian Philosophy'nuM prakAzana karyuM. emanA svargArohaNanI zatAbdI nimitte 'jainA' (Jain Association in North America)nA zrI vIracaMda gAMdhI skaoNlarazipa phaMDanA mukhya saMyojaka zrI praviNacaMdra sI. zAha 'jainA'nuM AgAmI convention

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- jyotirdharanI jIvana gAthA : tA. 4, 5 ane 6 julAI, 2001nA roja zikAgomAM maLI rahyuM che. tyAre jainA' (tramAsika)no vizeSAMka ane vIracaMda gAMdhInA meM lakhelA jIvanacaritranuM punaH prakAzana karavAnI darakhAsta laIne mArA ghera AvyA tyAre meM emane e jIvanacaritranI saMvardhita AvRtti taiyAra karavAnuM sUcavyuM. eTalA mATe ke zrI vIracaMda gAMdhIne bhAratamAM tA. 20 oNgasTa 1896nA roja premacaMda rAyacaMdanA pramukha sthAne zrI mAMgaroLa jaina saMgIta maMDaLInA upakrame yojAyela abhivAdana samAraMbhamAM ApavAmAM Avela sanmAna patra ane tA. 23 sapTembara 1899 nA roja jasTIsa mahAdeva goviMda rAnaDenA pramukha pade yojAyela samAraMbhamAM apAyela sanmAna-patra, jANItA nATyavida zrI DAhyAbhAI ghoLazAjI ane zrI vIracaMda gAMdhInA mitroe racela temanA vizenA prazasti kAvyo temaja vIracaMda gAMdhIe cikAgothI tA. 29 jAnyuArI, 1894nA roja lakhela patra mane jaina zvetAmbara konpharansanA e vakhatanA mukhapatra 'konpharansa heralDa'nA I.sa. 1914nA dIpotsavI aMka ane jaina yuga'nA vi.saM. 1982nA caitra mAsa (I.sa. 1926)nA aMkamAMthI maLyAM uparAMta amerikAmAM emanA yojAyela vyAkhyAnonA savigata-satasavIra pracAranuM moTI sAIjhanuM posTara maLI AvyuM temaja emanA videzI anuyAyIo ane bhAratamAMthI judAM judAM dharmonA gayelA pAMca pratinidhionI samUha tasavIro maLI. te A saMvardhita AvRttimAM pariziSTa rUpe ke anyatra Ameja karavAnuM meM sUcavyuM te mujaba jyotirdharanI jIvanagAthAnuM mAtra punaH prakAzana karavAne badale enI saMvardhita AvRttinuM prakAzana karavAmAM Ave che tyAre prakAzaka saMsthAo ane prakAzana kAryamAM upayogI thanAra mitro-khAsa karIne DaoN. kAMtilAla bI. zAha, amadAvAda ane eka vakhatanA mArA sahAdhyAyI ane sarjaka mitra zrI guNavaMta baravALiyA mAnada saMyojaka-zrI prANaguru jaina rIsarca senTara muMbaIno A take AbhAra mAnuM chuM. * tA. 18mI mArca, 2001 - pannAlAla ra. zAha 394-sI/5, guptA bilDIMga, bIje mALe, mATuMgA, muMbaI-19. phonaH (022) 401 6429

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SHRI PANDIT RATNACHANDRAJI JAIN KANYASHALA TRUST Conducted by Smt. P. N. Doshi Women's College of Arts Saurashtra Kesari Pranguru Jain Philosophical & Literary Research Centre Saurashtra Kesari Poojya Shri Pranguru had a very distinguished wisdom and knowledge. He contributed greatly in the study of scriptures, in collecting and preserving tadpatriya manuscripts, in establishing libraries of scriptures and pathshalas. Perceiving this unique contribution and inspired by "Saurashtra Kesari Poojya Pranguru Birth Centerary Committee" Mumbai, to immortalise the name of Gurudev on the occassion of his Birth Centeuary, the above trust has founded "Saurashtra Kesari Pranguru Jain Philosophical and Literary Research Centre". The objectives of the Centre are as follows: " To study, research, edit and publish Jain philosophy, Indian Darshans civilization and literature." To present Jainism scientifically." To research ancient manuscripts and Tadpatriya scriptures and conduct library activities. " Keeping Jainism at the core, to develop humanitarian activities. " To offer scholarships to students studying and researching Jain literature." To arrange lectures by scholars and saints." To organise camps and such other programmes that cultivate religious andmeritorious qualities. To publish culture oriented qualitative literature." To encourage research paper reading, script reading and reading of old Jain manuscripts." To extend co-operation, facilities and guidence to shravakas and saints and Mahasatijis to gain knowledge those who are working for M.A. Ph.D. or M.Phil and to publish the research work." To prepare CDS on ancient Jain books, Paintings, Sculpture, architecture etc." To propagate Jainism in the country and abroad by arranging seminars lectures etc and by providing information about Jain philosophy and literature through a website on the Internet. Wishing your co-operation Navneetbhai Sheth / Gunvant Barvalia S.K.P. Jain Philosophical & Litarary Research Centre Shri Jagdhir Boda Vidhya Sankul SPR Jain Kanya Shala Trust, Cama Lane, Ghatkopar (W) Mumbai - 400086. Ph. 516 3434 / 512 5658 / 515 5476

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- jyotirdharanI jIvana gAthA - [ zrI vIracaMda rAghavajI gAMdhI smaraNa e jIvana che, to vismaraNa e maraNa. smaraNanI pAMkhe UDIne mAnavI madhura smRtine mamaLAve che, vAgoLe che. preraka jIvana jIvI janAra mahApuruSa ane pUrvakAlIna yazojjavaLa saMskAra-vArasAnI smaraNayAtrA kadAca lAMbI nIvaDe paNa e bhaviSyanI. keDI kaMDAranArI bane che, kyAreka jIvanano nakazo badalanArI nIvaDe che. kALanA smRti-garbhamAMthI Aje ahIM evA eka preraka jIvananI vAta karavI che ane te che svanAmadhanya vIracaMda gAMdhI. i.sa.1893mAM cikAgo (amerikA)mAM vizvadharma pariSada maLelI. emAM emaNe jaina dharmanuM pratinidhitva kareluM. bhAratamAMthI alhAbAdanA prA. jJAnendranAtha cakravartI, pUnAnAM mIsa sorAbajI, brahmosamAjanA zrI nagarakara, bauddha dharmanA silonathI sI. dharmapAla ane hindu dharmanA pratinidhi tarIke svAmI vivekAnaMda A pariSadamAM hAjara rahyA hatA. sadI pahelAMno samAja ane jaina dharma i.sa. 1857nA svAtaMtrya saMgrAmathI dezabharamAM jAgRtinI lahera phelAI hatI. jUnIpurANI saMkucitatA ane rUDhinA tyAgamAM samAja potAnA astitvanI sthiratA joto jAya evA divaso bahu dUra nA hatA. evA parivartanane AtmasAta kare ane samAjane doravaNI Ape evA mahAnubhAvo haju pAraNAmAM jhUlI rahyA hatA, ke haju avataravAnA hatA. rAjakIya kSetre AvI rahelAM parivartananI samAja, nIti, vyApAra, kAyado, dharma vagere dareka kSetramAM asara thaI rahI hatI. dezonnati, samAjonnati ane dharmonnati mATe dezabharanA loko ekatAno maMtra sAdhI rahyA hatA. eka bAju svAmI dayAnaMda sarasvatIe hindu dharmane beTho karyo to bIjI bAju svAmI rAmakRSNa paramahaMsa hiMdu dharmane ujALI rahyA hatA. to svAmI vivekAnaMda (i.sa.1862-1902)nA avataraNanI ghaDIo gaNAtI hatI. 11

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- jyotirdharanI jIvana gAthA - eka vastunuM aneka dRSTikoNathI avalokana karavAnI daSTi ApanAra jaina dharmanA anuyAyIo saMkucitatAnA jvarathI pIDAtA hatA. e dharmanA AdhArarUpa caturvidha saMgha gacchanA bhedamAM racyopacyo raheto. AvA vAtAvaraNamAM samAjanI nADa pArakhIne jaina dharmanI unnati mATe zuM karavuM joIe, dharmanA prasAra ane pracAra mATe kevA pagalAM bharavAM joIe e mATe mahAna vicArakanAM svapno sAkAra thavAno samaya haju paripakva thayo na hato. eka bAju jaina dharma AMtarika vikhavAdano bhoga banyo hato to bIjI bAju dezanI adhogati jaina dharmane AbhArI che evuM prasaMga Avya lakhavAnuM ke bolavAnuM keTalAka loko cUkatA nahIM. jaina dharmane enuM svataMtra vyaktitva che, enI vicArasaraNI svataMtra che e mata haju svIkRta banyo na hato. jaina dharma e bauddha dharmanI eka zAkhA che ema manAtuM. A vidhAna nyAyayukta nathI e samajAvavA aitihAsika saMzodhana Avazyaka hatuM. pAzcAtya keLavaNI lIdhela keTalAka zikSito - Religious is humbug - dharma e dhatiMga che ema mAnatA. AvI sthitinI eka prakriyA thaI ane samAjamAM eka sudhAraka varga Ubho thayo. teo samAja ane dharmanI kSatio sAme AkarA prahAra karavA lAgyA. Ama jaina dharma - AMtarika ane bAhya - ema baMne paribaLono sAmano karavAno hato. vIrabhUmimAM janma saurASTranI dakSiNe gohilavADa paMthakanA bhAvanagara zaherathI Azare 100 kilomITara para mahuvA AveluM che, A zahera prAcIna ane aitihAsika che. jAvaDazA - bhAvaDazAnI haiyAnI kaMkAvaTImAM A bhUmino raMga dhoLAyelo. emaNe vi.saM. 108mAM tIrthAdhirAja zatruMjayano teramo uddhAra karAvelo. 'dazakumAra carita'nA chaThThA ucchavAsamAM citragupta nimbavatInI kathA karelI. emAM A zaheranuM madhumatI nAma maLe che. kAnhaDade prabaMdha, 1-72mAM paNa unA ane dAThA sAthe mahuvAno ullekha maLe che. mahArAjA kumArapALanA samakAlIna jagaDuzA A bhUminA 12 ]

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- jyotirdharanI jIvana gAthA - saMtAna hatA. emaNe zatruMjaya tIrthanI mALA prasaMge mahArAjA kumArapALanI sAme uchAmaNImAM mALano Adeza lIdhelo. phumArapALa prabaMdhamAM enI vAta maLe che. hindu bhajanonA racayitA muslima saMta valI A bhUminA panotA putra hatA evI anuzruti che. svAminArAyaNa saMpradAyanA prAgajI bhagata, gujarAtI sAhityamAM mastakavi'nA upanAmathI jANItA zrI tribhuvana premazaMkara ane haragoviMda premazaMkara samartha vivecaka zrI jIvaNarAma lakSmIrAma dave 'jaTila'no uchera ahIM thayo che. aneka tIrthonA uddhAraka zAsana samrATa AcArya zrI vijayanemIsUrIzvarajI mahArAja (I.sa. 1872-1949), zAstravizArada suprasiddha jainAcArya zrI vijayadharmasUrIzvarajI mahArAja (1867-1920) haju have A bhUminA pAraNe jhUlavAnA hatA. AvI tIrtha ane vIrabhUmi ApaNA caritra nAyakanI janmabhUmi che. AjathI lagabhaga savAso varSa pahelAM A nagarInA loko sukhI ane saMtoSI hatA. joke samAja rUDhi ane mAnyatAbaddha hato. paraMtu caritranAyakanA pitA zrI rAghavajIbhAI gAMdhI dharmapriya ane samAjasudhAraka hatA. emane sacitta vastuno AjIvana tyAga hato. haMmezA pANI ukALIne ja vAparatA. maraNa pAchaLa raDavA-kUTavAno rivAja ayogya lAgatAM e rUDhine emaNe tilAMjali ApelI. dhaMdho motIno paNa saccAI bhArobhAra. emanuM samagra jIvana dharmamaya. AvA saccaritra rAghavajIbhAI gAMdhIne tyAM vi.saM. 1920nA zrAvaNa vada AThama, i.sa. 1864nA 25mI ogasTanA roja zrI vIracaMda gAMdhIno janma thayo. emanI mAtAnuM nAma mAnabAI hatuM. abhyAsakALa vinobAjIe eka vAra paM. sukhalAlajIne pUchyuM: 'tamArA jIvanamAM parama AnaMda kayo lAge che?' pratyuttaramAM paMDitajIe kahyuM: 'adhikArI vidyArthIne adhyayana karAvavAno. adhikArI adhyApaka maLe e AnaMdanI vAta che adhikArI vidyArthI 13

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- jyotirdharanI jIvana gAthA - maLe e adhyApakane mATe paNa eTalI ja AnaMdadAyaka ghaTanA che. enA mULamAM jJAnapipAsA rahelI hoya che. vIracaMdabhAInI tIvra yAdazakti ane adabhuta jJAnapipAsA prAthamika zALAnAM varSo saphaLatApUrvaka pAra karavAmAM kAraNabhUta hatAM. vyAvahArika zikSaNa mATe jema zALAmAM jatA tema dhArmika abhyAsa mATe pAThazALAmAM teo niyamita jatA. uparAMta, vyAkhyAna zravaNa nimitte upAzrayamAM paNa jatA. e samaye prAthamika zikSaNa paryApta gaNAtuM. e vakhate mahuvAmAM prAthamika zALA hatI, eTale vidyArthIno abhyAsa ahIM pUro thayelo gaNAto. paraMtu gAma ane samayanI A maryAdA emanA pitA rAghavajIbhAIne maMjura na hatI. emaNe parivartana pAmI rahelA samayano tAga meLavI lIdho hato ane Adhunika zikSaNanI AvazyakatA paNa pichAnI lIdhI hatI. eTale potAnA putranA mAdhyamika zALAnA abhyAsa mATe teo sahaphuTuMba bhAvanagara AvyA. abhyAsamAM mazagUla vIracaMdabhAIe mAdhyamika keLavaNI jota jotAmAM pUrI karI, eTaluM ja nahi paraMtu 1880mAM 16 varSanI uMmare maeNTrikyulezana parIkSAmAM rAjyamAM prathama AvyA ane sara jazavaMtasiMhajI skolarazipa meLavI. abhyAsanI sAthe emaNe anya pravRttiomAM ane jIvanopayogI pustakonA vAcanamAM rasa keLavelo, je emanA vikAsamAM AgaLa jatAM poSaka banyo. jaina samAjanA prathama snAtaka zrI vIracaMdabhAIno aMgrejI bhASA para sAro kAbU hato. emano abhyAsamAM rasa, ekAgratA ane buddhipradhAnatAnA guNo pArakhIne emane ucca keLavaNI ApavAmAM emanA pitAzrIe jarA paNa kacAza na rAkhI. bhAvanagaramAM kaoNleja na hatI eTale teo sahakuTuMba muMbaI AvI vasyA. potAnI jAta-dekharekha heThaLa muMbaInI eNlaphinsTana kaoNlejamAM emanuM zikSaNa zarU thayuM. karmazIla yuvAna vIracaMde potAnA pitAnA saMskArane chAje evuM potAnA jIvananuM ghaDatara karyuM. i.sa. 1884mAM mAtra vIsa varSanI vaye te bI.e. (onarsa) thayA ane jaina samAjanA prathama snAtaka thavAnuM mAna meLavyuM. - 14 )

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- jyotirdharanI jIvana gAthA - jAhera jIvananA zrIgaNeza te samaye pAlitANAnA ThAkorasAheba sAthe zrI zatruMjaya tIrtha saMbaMdhamAM matabheda thayelo. jainonI vaga rAjyo para rahI na hatI ane aMgreja amala daramiyAna rAjAo nAmazeSa thayelA. eTale saMgaThana sAdhavAnI jarUra hatI. A mATe I.sa. 1882mAM "jaina esosiyezana oNpha InDiyA'nI sthApanA karavAmAM AvelI. tenA mukhya hetuo A pramANe hatA : 1) jaina dharma ane samAjane saMgaThita karavo ane tenI sAmAjika tathA naitika unnati sAdhavI. 2) jaina dharmanA TrasTa phaMDa ane dharmAdA khAtAMonI dekharekha rAkhavI. 3) pazuvadha aTakAvavo ane tIrthasthAnomAM yAtrikone paDatI muzkelIo dUra karavI vagere. A saMsthAnA maMtrIpade i.sa. 1884mAM zrI vIracaMda gAMdhInI sarvAnumate varaNI thaI. cikAgo vizvadharma pariSadamAM bhAratavarSanA ItihAsamAM samrATa azoka, samrATa akabara ke anya dharmane anusaratA rAjA-mahArAjAo vidvAnonuM bahumAna karatA. paMDitonI aitihAsika vivAdasabhA 19mI sadInA uttarArdhamAM cikAgomAM maLelI vizvadharma agara sarvadharma pariSadanI nAnI-zI AvRtti hatI ema kahI zakAya. Ama chatAM, cikAgonI vizvadharma pariSadanuM aitihAsika mUlya anupama che, kAraNa ke je vyavasthA sAthe A pariSada maLI ane temAM bhinna bhinna dezomAMthI bhinna bhinna dharmanA pratinidhioe pahelI vakhata hAjarI ApI ane saphaLatAthI enuM saMcAlana thayuM te vizvanI tavArIkhamAM advitIya banI rahe che. traNa hajArathIe vadhu pratinidhioe emAM hAjarI ApI hatI. vizvadharma pariSadanA udezomAM, judA judA dharmonuM vizvane jJAna ApavAno, sarva dharmonA anuyAyIomAM bhrAtRbhAva ane sneha pragaTAvavAno, tema ja vicAravimarza dvArA A bhAvanAne prabaLa banAvavAno, bhinna bhinna dharmonA vidvAnonA sAhitya, ---- - 15 -

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* jyotirdharanI jIvana gAthA kalA, vyApAra Adi vividha viSayone anulakSI vicArono vinimaya karavAno ane vibhinna rASTrone ekatra karI vizvamAM zAMti sthApavAnA prayatnono samAveza thato hato. pU. AtmArAmajI (pU. AcAryazrI vijayAnaMdasUri) mahArAjane i.sa. 1892mAM jaina dharmanA pratinidhi tarIke A pariSadamAM bhAga levA nimaMtraNa maLyuM. pU. AtmArAmajI mahArAjanI samAja ane dharmanI sevA uparAMta viziSTa vidvattAnI khyAti amerikA ane yuropamAM prasarI hatI. temane AmaMtraNa ApavA mATenI A bhUmikA hatI. pAchaLathI pragaTa thayela vizvadharma pariSadano ahevAla A bAbatane samarthana ApatAM lakhe che ke, "anya koI vyaktie munizrI AtmArAmajInI mAphaka hRdayathI jaina samAjanA kalyANa ane hitamAM potAnuM sarvasva samarpaNa karyuM nathI. teo saccaritra mahApuruSomAMnA eka che ke jeNe dIkSA lIdhI tyArathI dehotsarga sudhI ucca 'mizana' mATe kAma karyuM hoya. teo jaina samAjanA agragaNya mahAna AcArya che ane pUrvanA vidvAno temane jaina dharma ane sAhityanA adhikArI samaje che." jaina dharmanI praNAlikAnusAra videzanI musApharI emane bAdhaka hatI. eTale hAjarI nahIM ApI zakavA mATe emaNe dilagIrI darzAvI. paraMtu pariSadanA saMcAlakoe temane jaina dharma viSe mahattvapUrNa mahAnibaMdha taiyAra karavAno vikalpa sUcavyo, jethI pariSadamAM hAjara rahelA pratinidhione enA vAcana dvArA jaina dharmanA mULabhUta siddhAMtono khyAla Ave. pariNAme 'cikAgo praznottara' pustaka taiyAra thayuM. pariSadanA saMcAlako jaina dharmanA tattvajJAnathI eTalA badhA prabhAvita thayA ke A pariSadamAM jaina pratinidhi hAjara na rahe e emane na rucyuM. eTale pU. AtmArAmajI mahArAjane vizeSa pratinidhi mokalavAno Agraha karyo. A Agrahane pariNAme zrI vIracaMdabhAI gAMdhInI pasaMdagI thaI. cikAgo jatAM pahelAM temaNe pU. AtmArAmajI mahArAja pAse cha mAsa rahI jaina dharmanA UMDANabharyA tattvajJAnanuM talasparzI jJAna meLavI lIdhuM. pU. AtmArAmajI mahArAje emane svadezI paheraveza rAkhavAnI temaja rojiMdA 16

Page #18
jyotirdharanI jIvana gAthA jIvanamAM bIjI kazI ja zithilatA na AvavA devAnI AjJA ApI. rasoI mATe sAthe vizvavikhyAta jAdugara mahuvAnA vatanI pro. nathu maMchAcaMdane lIdhA ane sTImara "AsAma" mAraphate ravAnA thayA. sTImaramAM alaga rasoI karavA devAnI paravAnagI ApavAnI arajI sahita zrI vIracaMda gAMdhIe cikAgothI tA. 29/1/1894nA lakhela patranI nakala mATe pariziSTa-3 juo. jaina dharmanA pratinidhi traNa hajArathIye vadhu pratinidhio je pariSadamAM hAjara rahyA hoya e pariSadamAM potAnA dharmanuM pratinidhitva koI paNa eka vyaktine ApatA koI paNa samAja e vyaktinI vidvattA, enuM vAkcAturya, tulanAtmaka adhyayanazakti ane vizALatA Adi guNone dhyAnamAM laIne pasaMdagI kare e svAbhAvika che. zrI vIracaMdabhAInI pasaMdagI pU. AtmArAmajI mahArAje A bhUmikA para karI hatI. AvI vyakti saphaLa thAya emAM navAI nahIM..paraMtu pariSadamAM jaina dharmanI rajUAta mATe e samayanI je muzkelI hatI ane teo je rIte saphaLa thayA, emAM emanI kharI mahattA che. bhAratIya darzananI traNa zAkhAo - hindu, jaina ane bauddha darzana. enA mULa graMtho saMskRta, prAkRta pAlI ke ardhamAgadhImAM racAyelA che. A dharmathI aparicita vyaktie abhyAsa mATe sauthI pahelAM enI paribhASA (Technical Words) samajI levI joIe. bhAratIya darzananuM tattvajJAna, enI viSayanI chaNAvaTa ane samajAvaTa A rIte navI vyaktine navA samUhane ApavI bahu kaThina che. emAMya jyAre jaina darzananI chaNAvaTa dareka viSayane sparze che mAtra uparachallo sparza nahIM - sUkSmAtisUkSma talasparzI enuM adhyayana hoya tyAre e tattvajJAna samajI, enuM hArda pacAvI, pariSadanA vidvAno samakSa bahu ja TUMkA samayamAM samasta rajUAta karavI - eTaluM ja nahi paraMtu hRdaya soMsaravuM UtarI jAya ane jaina dharma viSe jijJAsAnuM vAtAvaraNa khaDuM thAya e rIte samajAvavuM evI gAgaramAM sAgara samAvI devAnI zakti to zrI - 17 wwww

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- gellaefzal yoo 011011 vIracaMdabhAI jevA vIrane - vIralAne ja varI hoya! pariSadamAM emaNe jaina tatvajJAna, jaina nIti saMbaMdhI vyAkhyAna ApatAM dhRtadharmane lagatI bAbato jema ke, navatatva, cha prakAranA jIvo, vizvanA Adi-aMtanI anya dharmonAM maMtavyo sAthe tulanA, dravyArthika temaja paryAyArthika naya saMbaMdhI jaina darzananI sUkSmAtisUkSma vicArasaraNI rasasabhara rajU karI, je ApaNA mATe dyotakarUpa hoI, emanA ja zabdomAM joIe ? "Jainism has two ways of looking at things - one called the Dravyarthikanaya and the other the Paryayarthikanaya. I shall illustrate the same. The production of a law is the production of something not previously existing if we think it from the latter point of view i.e. as a Paryaya or modification; while it is not the the production of something not previously existing, if we look at it from the former point of view, i.e. as a Dravya or Substance....... ........ The Jainism canon may be divided into two parts : first Sruta Dharma i.e. Philosophy and second Caritra Dharma i.e. ethics. "The Sruta Dharma inquires into the nature of nine principles, six kinds of living being and four states of existence sentient beings, non-sentient things, merit, demerit of the nine principles, the first is 'Soul'. According to Jaina View, 'Soul is that element which knows, thinks and feels.... "The second principle is non-soul. It is not simply what we understand by matter, but is more than that. Matter is a term contrary to 'Soul. But non-soul is its contrary. - Whatever is not soul is non-soul. "The rest of the nine principles are but the different states produced by the combination and separation of soul and nonsoul. The third principle is merit (Punya); that on account of which a being is happy. The fourth principle is demerit : that on account of which a being suffers from misery..... "......Six kinds of living beings are divided into six classes, Earth-body beings (geaaru), Water-body beings (314074), Fire ac 7

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- jyotirdharanI jIvana gAthA - body beings (a3cbg) Wind-body beings (913019), Vegetables (goreldra) and all of them having one organ of sense, that of touch.... "..... The Jaina canonical book treats very elaborately of the minute divisions of the living beings and their prophets have long before the discovery of microscope been able to tell how many organs of sense the minutest animalcule has. I would refer those, who are desirous of studying Jaina biology, zoology, botany, anatomy and philosophy to the many books published by our society.... "What is the origin of th universe?" "This involves the question of God Gautama, the Buddha, forbids inquiry into the beginning of things. In the Brahmanical literature bearing on the constitution of cosmos frequent reference is made to the days and nights of Brahma, the periods of Manvantara (Hajar) and the periods of Pralaya (ty). But the Jainas, leaving all symbolic expressions aside, distinctly reaffirm the view previously promulgated by the previous hierophants, that matter and soul are eternal and cannot be created. You can affirm existence of a thing from one point of view, deny it from another and affirm both existence and non-existence with reference to it at different times....." emanA pravacanamAMthI vigatavAra peregrApha utAravAno hetu e che ke, jaina paribhASAne aMgrejImAM rajU karavI keTalI muzkela che. e daSTie aMgrejI bhASAmAM jaina dharmanI rajUAtano zrI vIracaMdabhAIe pAyo nAkhyo ane emanI vidvattA, tulanAtmaka adhyayanazakti upayogamAM lIdhI. pariSadamAM jaina dharma viSenA emanA pravacanathI lokomAM jaina dharma vize eTalI prabaLa jijJAsA jAgI ke amerikAmAM Thera Thera emanAM pravacano tyAra bAda yojAyAM ane karma, tattvajJAna temaja yoganuM svarUpa samajavA mATe aneka sthaLoe vargo zarU thayA; emanA mohaka vyaktitvathI videzIo eTalA badhA prabhAvita thayA ke, amerikAnAM vartamAnapatroe emanAM pravacanone agrasthAna ApyuM ane emanI prazaMsA - 19 ]

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- jyotirdharanI jIvana gAthA - karavA lAgyAM. pU. AtmArAmajI mahArAjanI pasaMdagI keTalI suyogya hatI e to pariSadamAM hAjara rahelA vidvAnomAM zrI vIracaMdabhAInuM kevuM sthAna hatuM e viSeno amerikAnAM vartamAnapatrono abhiprAya jotAM ja khyAla Avaze; pariSadamAM judA tarI Ave evA ghaNAya hiMdu vidvAno, tattvajJAnIo ane dharmopadezakoe hAjarI ApI ane pravacano ApyAM; te paikI keTalAka to evA hatA ke, jemanI vidvattA, vaphtatvazakti ane dharmabhakti koI paNa prajAnI uccamAM ucca vyaktio sAthe samAna pada para mUkI zakAya. paraMtu eTaluM to nirbhayatAthI kahI zakAya ke, pIrvAtya paMDitomAMthI jaina samAjanA yuvake potAnA varganI nIti ane tattvajJAna saMbaMdhI Apela bhASaNa zrotAoe je rasathI sAMbhaLyuM te karatAM vadhAre rasathI koI paNa pIrvAtya paMDitanuM temaNe sAMbhaLyuM na hotuM. hindu dharmano bacAva bhAratabhUmi sarva saMskRtionuM pAraNuM che, tattvajJonI janetA che ane svAmI zrI vivekAnaMdanA zabdomAM kahuM to bhAratabhUmi jagavaMdya che, paraMtu kyAreka evuM paNa bane che ke sUryano paritApa sahana na thatAM, te tarapha dhULa uDADavAnI bALaceSTA keTalAka loko karI bese che. dakSiNa bhAratanAM maMdiromAM gAnArIone amuka prasaMgoe gAnatAna mATe bolAvavAmAM Ave che. e viSe revaraDa penTakosTa (Rev. Pentecost) nAmanA laMDananA pratinidhie TIkA karatAM kaTAkSamAM kahyuM ke, "teo vezyAo hatI eTalA mATe pUjArI banAvavAmAM AvI ane teo pUjArI hatI to paNa vezyAonAM kAma karatI hatI." samAjamAM rahelAM dUSaNo dharmane laIne nathI e satyanuM vastutaH vismaraNa thavAthI ane videzIone AvI badhI mAhitI bIjAonI mAraphata (Third hand Information) maLavAthI AvI TIkA kare e banavA joga che. pariSadamAM hAjara rahelA pratinidhiomAMthI zrI vIracaMdabhAInuM AvI ayogya TIkAthI lohI UkaLI UThayuM ane eno pratyuttara ApavAnuM yogya mAnyuM. zrI vIracaMdabhAInI jaina dharmanI rajUAta karavA uparAMta A eka advitIya vizeSatA rahI che. te e arthamAM ke jaina dharmanA -- 20 ]- 20.

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-- jyotirdharanI jIvana gAthA - pratinidhi tarIke hAjara rahI, syAdvAdanA anuyAyI mAtra svalakSI daSTi apanAvI na zake, paraMtu dezanuM hita samajI e pramANe videzanA lokone potAnA dezanA rItarivAjo, dhArmika vagere bAbato saMbaMdhe pravartatA khoTA khyAlo dUra kare - emaNe e karI batAvyuM che, je emanA tatpazcAt pravAsamAM prasaMgo upasthiti thatAM ane videzathI vidAya letA Some Mistakes Corrected e pravacanamAM paNa sphaTa thAya che. pariSadamAM emaNe karelo hindu dharmano bacAva Aje paNa ApaNane vedhaka rIte sparze evo hoI, ahIM anuvAda karI Apyo che. dareka TIkAo samAjamAM rahelAM dUSaNo sAthe saMbaMdha dharAve che. huM je vAraMvAra kaheto Avyo chuM te Aje pharIthI kahuM chuM ke, samAjamAM rahelI kSatio dharmane kAraNe nathI paraMtu bIjA badhA dezomAM banatuM AvyuM che e pramANe dharma hovA chatAM paNa mojUda che.' keTalAka mahattvAkAMkSI mANaso ema vicAre che ke teo mahAtmA paoNla che ane e vAta para vizvAsa paNa karI le che. A navA paoNlA bhAratamAM potAnA Adarzo rajU karavA jAya che ane bhAratIya samUhanuM e parivartana karavA mAge che, paraMtu jyAre emanuM svapna sarI jAya che - ane svapna hamezA sarI jAya che - tyAre teo jIvanabhara hindu dharmanI TIkA karavAmAM ja racyApacyA rahe che. koI paNa dharmanI niMdA karavI e te dharmanI viruddhanuM koI pramANa nathI, evI ja rIte koI paNa dharmanI prazaMsA paNa te dharmanI satyaparAyaNatAno purAvo nathI.' AvI vyaktio para mane dayA Ave che. dakSiNa bhAratamAM keTalAMka evAM maMdiro che, jemAM vizeSa avasara para gAvA mATe gAvAvALI strIone bolAvavAmAM Ave che. e paikI keTalIka strIo zaMkAspada cAritra dharAve che, je hindu samAjane dUSaNarUpa lAge che ane e dUSaNane dUra karavA zakaya teTalA prayatna paNa kare che. paraMtu ethI 'teo vezyAo hatI eTale pUjArI banAvavAmAM AvI ane pUjArI che chatAM vezyAonAM kAma kare che; ema kahevuM e satyathI vegaLuM che - jema aMdhakArathI prakAza taddana bhinna che. AvI strIone maMdiranA mukhyA | 21

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jyotirdharanI jIvana gAthA bhAgamAM paNa praveza karavA devAmAM nathI AvatI ane teonA pUjArI hovA saMbaMdhamAM e kahevuM paryApta gaNAze ke himAlayathI kanyAkumArI sudhI eka paNa strI pUjArI nathI. "jo hAlanI nyUnatA hindu dharmanA kAraNe utpanna thaI che ema gaNavAmAM Ave to e ja dharmamAM evuM samartha rASTra banAvavAnuM sAmarthya che, je grIka ItihAsakArone ema kahevA mATe preraNArUpa banyuM ke 'koI paNa hindu asatya bolato joyo nathI ane koI paNa hindu strI zIpatita thayelI sAMbhaLI nathI. ane Aje paNa bhArata karatAM vadhu pavitra strI agara vadhu namra hRdaya puruSa bIje kyAM che ?' "jeo bhAratanI bhavyatAne niMde che teo mATe huM khUba khUba dilagIra chuM, paraMtu mane eka ja AzvAsana che ke emane maLatI mAhitI bIjAtrIjAonI mAraphata maLe che, je vahemo ane mAnyatAothI bharapUra hoya che. jijasanA cAritryanI TIkA karatA hinduono InakAra karavAmAM, jeo potAnA dharmanI zreSThatA samaje che ane jemAM hakIkate dharmAMdhatA ane khaMDanAtmaka dRSTi ja hoya che, temane huM IsapanI jUnI kathA yAda karavA kahevA lalacAuM chuM; 'huM tamane namaskAra karato nathI, paraMtu tamArI pAchaLa rahelI zubha bhAvanAne vaduM chuM ane tamane samrATa akabaranA jIvanamAMthI eka prasaMga udAharaNarUpe kahIza : "muslima yAtrALuonuM eka jahAja makkA jatuM hatuM. rastAmAM porTugIjhoe A vahANane kabaje karyuM. lUMTelA sarasAmAnamAM pavitra kurAnanI keTalIka nakalo hatI, je kUtarAone gaLe laTakAvI ane kUtarAone zaheramAM pheravyA. saMjogavazAt evuM banyuM ke samrATanA mANasoe porTugIjhanA eka vahANane kabaje karyuM jema pavitra bAIbalanI prato hatI. samrATa akabarano tenI mAtA pratyeno sneha jANIto che. tenI mAtAne muslimonA pavitra graMtha kurAna pratyenA porTugIjhanonA vartAvathI duHkha thayuM hatuM AthI te samrATa akabarane bAIbala pratye paNa evo vartAva karavAno Agraha karatI hatI, paraMtu A umadA vyaktie javAba ApyoH 'bA! A ajJAta mANaso pavitra kurAnanI mahattA 22

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- jyotirdharanI jIvana gAthA samajatA nathI. emaNe dAkhavela vartaNuka emanI ajJAnatAnuM pariNAma che, paraMtu huM to pavitra pharAna ane bAIbala bannenI zreSThatAthI paricita chuM. eTale je rIte e lokoe ajJAnatA darzAvI e rIte huM ajJAnatA darzAvI na zakuM." atre e noMdhavuM rasaprada thaze ke revanDa DaoN. jyorja epha. penTakosTa karelI aghaTita TIkAne amerikAnAM vartamAnapatroe ekI avAje pArlAmenTanA darajjAne hAnikAraka gaNAvI hatI ane zrI vIracaMdabhAInA audArya ane gauravapUrNa pratyuttaranI mAtra noMdha nahIM, paraMtu sArAyA pravacananA akSarazaH utArA sAthe rajUAta karI hatI, emaNe A pratyuttara tA. 25/9/1893nA roja Apyo hato. tA. 26/9/1893nA aMkamAM cikAgo TAImsa nAmanA patre lakhyuM hatuM "Mr. Gandhi of India replies to some inhospitable criticisms, when Dr. George F. Pentecost, in his address before the Parliament of Religions last Sunday evening, assailed the . character of Brahmin priests and priestesses, he not only committed a gross outrage upon the Parliament by over stepping the very first rules udner which the Congress is conducted and succeeded as a guest in a wholesale libel upon other given in the Parliament, but he aroused alike the indignations of Christians, Buddists and members of every sect in attendance. Here is the brief extract from Dr.'s unprecedented attack: "We have listened to lectures from distinguished orientals on our political and social shortcomings for the last few days with as much as patience as we could command. They have been going through the slums of Chicago and New York and have been going dumping down buckets of mud upon us. But we deny that these are specimens of Christianity. But in India among the High Class Brahmins, there are at least 600 priestesses and every one of them is a prostitute. They are prostitutes because they are priestesses and they are priestesses because they are prostitutes. These men are criticising Christianity. There are two or three oriental bubbles floating over Chicago that - 23 -

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- jyotirdharanI jIvana gAthA - need to be pricked." "Such language udner such circumstances is beyond criticism and stands out in unpleasant contrast to the dignified reply made yesterday afternoon by Virchand Raghavji Gandhi, who represents in the Parliament the Jaina sect of India." ATalI TIkATippaNa bAda zrI vIracaMdabhAInuM AkhuMya pravacana akSarazaH ApyuM hatuM. A sivAya "InTara ozyana" (Inter Ocean) vagere anya patroe paNa A pramANe pratyAghAto ApyA hatA. atre e noMdhavuM rasaprada thaze ke bhAratamAMthI hAjara rahelA. pratinidhio paikI zrI vIracaMdabhAI gAMdhIe ja hindu dharma para thayelA prahArono gauravapUrNa pratyuttara Apyo hato. pariSadamAMthI vidAya teo buddhipradhAna to hatA ja, paraMtu sAthosAtha lAgaNIpradhAna paNa hatA ja. cikAgo vizvadharma pariSadanI kAryavAhI sameTI letAM saue AbhAravidhi karI hatI, emAM zrI vIracaMdabhAIe jaladIthI chUTA paDavA aMge saMvedanA vyakta karatAM kahyuM: "zuM ApaNe e vAtanuM duHkha nathI anubhavI rahyA ke ApaNe atizIdhra vidAya thaI rahyA chIe? zuM ApaNI IcchA nathI ke A pariSada sattara vakhata sattara divasa cAlu rahe? zuM ApaNe A maMca uparathI vidvAna pratinidhionAM vyAkhyAna AnaMda ane rucipUrvaka nathI sAMbhaLyAM? zuM ApaNane ema nathI lAgatuM ke pariSadanA saMcAlana dvArA je kAMI siddha thayuM che enA karatAM pariSadanA saMcAlakonuM svapnA kaMIka atyAdhika hatuM?" AryasaMskRti pratinidhitva videzamAM emanA pravAsa daramiyAna bhAratIya saMskRtine zobhe e rIte emaNe bAhya TIkAothI rakSaNa karyuM ane eno pracAra karavAmAM eka nikhAlasa ane vizALa hRdayI vidvAnane zobhe evuM kauzalya dAkhavyuM. emanI carcA ane TIkAonI pratyuttaramAM saumya ane ucca dhoraNa jALavatA. 24 -

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- jyotirdharanI jIvana gAthA --- emanAM pravacanomAM hinduonuM prAgaitihAsika jIvana', bhAratamAM lagnano darajjo', 'bhAratamAM strIonI sthiti', 'bhAratIya prajAnA sAmAjika rIta-rivAjo", "hindu, jaina ane bauddha dharmanuM mukhya tattvajJAna', dhI laoN oNpha ethikala kojhezana e solyuzana oNpha lAIpha', 'rAjakIya bhArata - hindu, musmila ane aMgreja,' 'hindu strIo - bhUta, vartamAna ane bhAvi vagere mukhya hatA. anya viSayomAM okalTIjhama, 'gAyana vidyA', 'amerikAnI strIoe TopImAM pakSInAM pIMchA na rAkhavAM joIe', 'samAcAra patra ane raMgabhUmino saMbaMdha', 'amerikana rAjapnIti para vartamAna sAmAjika kAyadAno prabhAva, "bhAratano amerikAne saMdeza', bhAratanI amerikAne bheTa', 'bauddha dharma, 'darzananI traNa maulika prathAo', 'bhAratanI rAjanaitika avasthA', 'hindu, musalamAna ane aMgreja rAjyamAM nArInuM sthAna vagere vividha viSayo para pravacana ApI, potAnI pratibhAno paricaya karAvyo hato. vizvadharma pariSada bAda keTaloka vakhata teo amerikAmAM rahyA ane. tyArabAda I.sa. 1896mAM ane 1899mAM ema be vakhata pharIthI amerikAnuM paribhramaNa karyuM. A daramiyAna 650 jeTalAM pravacano ApyAM. e paikI keTalAMka Jaina Philosophy), Karma Philosophy ane Yoga philosophy' nAmaka pustakamAM graMthastha thayAM che. - amerikAnI prajA samakSa pravacana karatAM eka vakhata emaNe kahyuM : "A dezamAM huM Avyo chuM tyArathI sAMbhaLI rahyo chuM ke "A AkhuM vizva jisasanuM che - IsAI jagatano A nAro avAja che. A badhuM zuM che? Ano artha zuM? e koNa Isu che, jenA nAma para tame vizva para vijaya meLavavA iccho cho? zuM atyAcAranA isu che? zuM anyAyanA isu che? jo evA IsunA nAma para ane evA jhaMDAnA AdhAra para tame amane jItavA mAgazo to ame parAjita nahIM thaIe, paraMtu jo tame amArI pAse zikSA, bhrAtRbhAva ane vizvaprema IsunA nAma para Avazo to ame tamAruM svAgata karIzuM. evA jisasane ame jANIe chIe ane amane eno bhaya nathI! - 25 -

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ni gAthA - jyotirdharanI jIvana gAthA - muMbaImAM mizra pratyAghAta sAmAnya rIte manuSyo be prakAranA hoya che ? emAno eka prakAra evo che ke je niMdA ane jhera ekaThAM karI cotarapha phelAvavAnuM kAma kare che. jyAre bIjA prakAranA manuSyo jyAMthI maLe tyAMthI mIThAza ekatrita karI emAMthI sauMdaryasabhara sattva duniyA samakSa rajU kare che. prathama vargano mAnavI mAkhI jevo hoya che, jenAthI svaccha sadAcArI mANasa alipta rahevAnuM pasaMda kare che. bIjo varga madhumakSikA jeo che, jenI satvazIlatA meLavavA guNAnurAgI haMmezAM tatpara hoya e svAbhAvika che. zrI vIracaMdabhAI cikAgo vizvadharma pariSadamAM pratinidhitva karI svadeza AvyA tyAre temane paNa banne varganA manuSyono anubhava thayo. ghaDIbhara ema thAya ke videzamAM jaina dharmanI zAna vadhAranAra, bhAratIya saMskRtinI gauravabharI rajUAta karanAra bhAratamAtAno lADakavAyo pAcho goda khUMdavA Ave tyAre ene sarvatra AvakAra ja maLe ne? paNa enA ja varganA amuka bhAIo A AnaMdamAM bhAgIdAra thaI zake ema na hatA. ane bane che ema mAkhIno varga saMkhyAmAM vistRta hato, madhumakSikAno varga pramANamAM alpa paNa sattvazIlatAvALo hato. anArya dezamAM zAstra mokalavAno ke dharmanA pracArArthe videzamAM javA viSenA virodhano vaMToLa haju zamyo na hato. AvA vAtAvaraNamAM zrI vIracaMdabhAInA prazaMsako, guNAnuvAdakoe buddhivardhaka sabhA, AryasamAja vagere saMsthAnA upakrame emanAM pravacano yojyA; e sabhAomAM dhAMdhala macI ane khurazIo UchaLI. 'vIracaMda gAMdhIne nAta bahAra mUko'nA lokoe nArA lagAvyA ane anya dhamakIo paNa maLavA lAgI. cikAgo vizvadharma pariSadamAM teo hAjarI ApavA gayA tyAre tenI sAme virodha darzAvatI patrikA bahAra paDI hatI, je nIce mujaba che : -- --- 26 -

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- jyotirdharanI jIvana gAthA - muMbaI, tA. 9mI julAI, 1893 jAhera khabara "sarva dharmAbhilASI jainone vinayapUrvaka sUcavavAmAM Ave che ke amerikA khaMDa madhye cikAgonI pariSadamAM saMghanA nAmathI jaina esosiyezane pratinidhio mokalavA viSe jainonI saMmati lIdhA vinA TharAvyuM che. tenA viruddhamAM jANavA jevI bAbato hAlamAM bahAra AvI che ane tethI ghaNA loko nAkhuza che. A vAta have eTalI badhI prasiddha che ke tenuM vadhAre vivecana karavA have darakAra rahetI nathI ane amo A nIce sahI karanArAo khullI rIte jaNAvIe chIe ke je be pratinidhio cikAgo mokalavAnuM TharAvyuM che te amone taddana pasaMda nathI. tethI amo tene rada karIe chIe ane e bAbatamAM amArAM jainI lokonI saMmati nathI." A patrikA nIce 137 sahIo karavAmAM AvI hatI ne nIce lakhyuM hatuM ke, "vadhAre laMbANa thaI javAthI mAtra jUja ja sahIo chapAvI che." A badhI vigata ApavAnuM kAraNa e che ke e vakhate jJAtinAM baMdhana AjanA jevAM zithila na hatAM. zrI vIracaMdabhAI jevAne daMDa ApavA samAjano amuka varga taiyAra thayo e to ThIka, paraMtu e vakhate emanI sAthe saMbaMdha rAkhanArano paNa sAmAjika bahiSkAra thAya evI paristhiti hatI. Ama chatAMya zrI vIracaMdabhAIne videza mokalavA bAbata muMbaIno saMgha viruddha paDyo tyAre zrI maganalAla dalapatarAme gurubhaktithI prerAIne gura-IcchA pAra pADavA gajA uparAMta rakama pote sahAyArthe ApI, saMghane samajAvI A kAryane pAra pADavAmAM mahatvano phALo Apyo hato. emaNe A kaTokaTInA samaye jAhera naitika hiMmata dAkhavI. zrI vIracaMdabhAI sAthe khAvApIvAno saMbaMdha rAkhyo, eTaluM ja nahi paraMtu bhAyakhalAmAM baso paroNAonuM jamaNa karI zrI vIracaMdabhAI sAthe vyavahAra jArI rAkhyo. vAtAvaraNa vizeSa taMga banyuM. dharmanA kArya mATe kAma karanAra 27

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- jyotirdharanI jIvana gAthA - vyaktine A rIte parezAna karavAthI dharmane kalaMka lAge ane bhaviSyamAM, dharmanA mATe prANa ApanAra mahAnubhAvane, A kisso DaMkharUpa bane. AvuM na thAya eTale samAjanI zANI-samaju vyaktioe pU. AtmArAmajI mahArAjane paristhitithI vAkepha karI, zrI vIracaMdabhAIne prAyazcitta ApavA agara to vyavahAru mArga sUcavavA jaNAvyuM. dharmanuM kArya karavAmAM daMDa zAno? A vAta krAMtikArI AcAryane ruce zI rIte? prAyazcitta to haMmezAM darzana, jJAna ane cAritryAdi saMbaMdhamAM karelA dUSaNa mATe hoI zake. zrI vIracaMdabhAIe videzamAM jaIne AcAranuM aNizuddha pAlana karyuM hatuM. enI sAkSI to e vakhatanAM amerikAnAM vartamAnapatro pUre che. Editor's Bureau lakhe che : "A mahAna ane umadA vyakti pavitratAno je upadeza Ape che ne e pramANe varte che, enI prazaMsA mATe pUratA zabdo nathI." Ama samagra daSTie jotAM prAyazcitta ApavAno prazna upasthita thato na hovAthI pU. AtmArAmajI mahArAje e aMge pratyuttara ApatAM jaNAvyuM ke - ___ "zrI nizIthasUtra meM likhA hai ki jo binA dUSala prAyazcitta deve to prAyazcitta denevAle ko prAyazcitta lenA paDatA hai aura prAyazcitta kA denevAlA jinarAja kI AjJA kA bhaMga karanevAlA hotA hai|" AtmA ane gurunI sAkSIe koI paNa jIva potAnAM duSkRtyonI niMdA kare to ja prAyazcitta ApI zakAya. A siddhAMtanA samarthanamAM lakSmaNA sAdhvInuM daSTAMta ApatAM AcAryazrIe dalIla karI ke - ___ "tathA jaba taka dUSaNa sevanevAlA apanA dUSaNa kabUla na kare taba taka kevalajJAnI bhI tisa dUSaNavAle ko prAyazcitta nahIM dete hai| yaha adhikAra lakSmaNA sAdhvI ke viSaya meM zrI mahAnIzathasUtra meM hai| jaba dUSaNa kabUla kare binA pratyakSa dUSaNa jAnanevAle kevalajJAnI bhI prAyazcitta nahIM dete hai| to maiM chadmastha alpamati kisa rIti se prAyazcitta de savuM?" saMghanA ekeka muddA ane saMghamAM pravartI rahelI mAnyatAono pratyuttara ApatAM, AcAryazrIe, AgaboTamAM besavA tathA anArya dezomAM javA -[ 28]

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- jyotirdharanI jIvana gAthA - mATe prayazcitta ApavuM joIe evI je vicAradhArA pravartatI hatI, tenuM khaMDana A zabdomAM karyuM che : "aisA kathana to hamane kisI bhI jainazAstra meM nahIM dekhA hai to phira.zrI jinAjJA kA ullaMghana karake maiM kisa taraha prAyazcitta dU~?" paraMtu virodhano vaMToLa eTalo badho prabaLa hato ke vadhu tANatAM tUTI jAya. samAjanI nADa pArakhIne AcAryazrIe vyavahArane lakSamAM laI, zrI saMghanA samAdhAna arthe "zrI saMgha kI AjJA se vIracaMda rAghavajI zrI zatruMjaya tIrtha kI yAtrA kare to zrI saMgha bahu AnaMditA hoMge? aisI AjJA zrI saMgha kI mAnane se zrI vIracaMda rAghavajI kI kUcha hAni nahIM hai" ema jaNAvyuM ane vizeSamAM muMbaImAM birAjatA munizrI mohanalAlajI mahArAjane maLavA pharamAvyuM. - zrI saMghane pU. AtmArAmajI mahArAjanA pratyuttarathI saMtoSa na thayo. munizrI mohanalAlajI mahArAjanuM mArgadarzana mAgyuM. mohanalAlajI mahArAja to A vAta jANI dvidhAmAM paDI gayA. ane jJAnagoSThi mATe avAranavAra emano satsaMga karatA hatA, jyAre zrI saMgha to zrI vIracaMdabhAI upAzrayamAM paga mUke to paNa korTanA daravAjA khakhaDAvavA taiyAra hato. Ave samaye samayasUcakatA ja kharekharuM kAma karI jAya che! mohanalAlajI mahArAje potAnI vyAkhyAnamALAmAM samaya oLakho' viSayane mahattvanuM sthAna ApyuM. utsarpiNI ane avasarpiNI temaja apavAdanI tarkabaddha chaNAvaTa emaNe zarU karI. jinanA upAsake kevI rIte rAgadveSathI para rahevuM joIe e viSe satata vAgdhArA vahAvI ane zrI vIracaMdabhAIne khAnagImAM e arasAmAM muMbaI na AvavA jaNAvyuM. kALanA akhkhalita vahetA pravAhamAM dhIre dhIre A vAta paNa samAjanA smRtipaTa parathI lupta thatI gaI. eka divasa evo Ugyo ke zrI vIracaMdabhAIne jinendra bhagavAnanI snAtra pUjA bhaNAvyA bAda samAjamAM sthAna maLyuM! 29

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- jyotirdharanI jIvana gAthA - svAmI zrI vivekAnaMda ane zrI vIracaMdabhAI gAMdhI kAryakSetra eka hoya ane samakAlIna hoya to svAbhAvika koI paNa be mahAnubhAvonI sarakhAmaNI karavAnuM mana thAya che. videzamAM jaina dharmano paricaya karAvavAnuM mAna jema zrI vIracaMdabhAIne ghaTe che, temAM vedAMta tattvajJAnano pAzcAtya dezone paricaya karAvavAno yaza svAmI zrI vivekAnaMdane phALe jAya che. sane 1893mAM zikAgomAM maLelI vizvadharma pariSadamAM teozrI anukrame jaina dharma ane vedAnta tattvajJAnanA pratinidhi hatA. vyaktitvanA traNa guNo - kartavyaniSThA, pavitratA ane satyatA. A traNe guNo baMne mahAnubhAvoe potAnA jIvanamAM vaNI lIdhA hatA. "huM marIza tyAM sudhI khUba zAMti lIdhA vagara kArya karIza ane huM marI gayA pachI paNa jagatanA hita khAtara kArya karIza." - svAmI zrI vivekAnaMdanA A zabdo Aje paNa ApaNI saMskRti mATe dhotakarUpa che, to zrI vIracaMdabhAInA akALa avasAnanuM kAraNa to atizaya karma parAyaNatA ja che. eTale emanI kartavyaniSThA viSe vizeSa lakhavAnuM prApta thatuM nathI; samajI zakAya evI bAbata che. svAmI saMnyAsI hoI pavitra hatA. mananI pavitratA - jigara - hRdayaniSThatA dharAvanArane ja teo manuSya gaNatA, jyAre zrI vIracaMdabhAI saMsArI hatA. zrAvaka hovA chatAMya emano saMsAra sAtheno saMbaMdha jaLakamaLavat hato. videzamAM paNa emanuM jIvana dharma custa jainanuM jIvana hatuM, nirdoSa annAhArI - zAkAhArI hatA; je e vakhatanI pracalita mAnyatA - videzamAM janAra dharma bhraSTa thAya che - ne paDakArarUpa hatuM. emanI pavitratAnI pazcimanA vidvAnoe muktakaMThe prazaMsA karI che. jema svAmI vivekAnaMdanuM, tema zrI vIracaMdabhAInuM - potAnA vicAro satya lAge to kadI paNa bahAra mUkyA vinA teo rahetA nahIM, pachI bhale sAme hajAro manuSyo viruddhamAM temanA para humalo kare. bannenA samaye jJAtibaMdhana, TUMkI dRSTi ane videzayAtrAno virodha chatAM baMne mahAnubhAvoe dharmanA pracArArthe sAgara kheDaDyA ethI vizeSa sAruM udAharaNa ApaNI samakSa bIjuM kayuM hoI zake? - 30]

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- jyotirdharanI jIvana gAthA - baMne tatvajJAnanA prakhara abhyAsI hatA, baMnemAM tulanAtmaka adhyayanazakti ane vizALa daSTi hatI. baMne yoganA abhyAsI hatA ane yoganI kriyA-prakriyA videzIone samajAvI, Arya saMskRtinuM hArda samajAvavAmAM baMnee athAka parizrama lIdho hato. videzamAM teo. rahyA tyAre ekabIjAnA pUraka tarIke rahyA. svAmI vivekAnaMdane zrI vIracaMdabhAInI zakti para khUba ja vizvAsa hato. teo eka patramAM jaNAve che ke, "pUnAnI eka khristI bAI nAme misa sorAbajI ane jainonA pratinidhi mi. gAMdhI A dezamAM lAMbo samaya rahevAnAM che ane te daramiyAna eka zaherathI bIje zahera ema bhASaNo ApavAnAM che, mane AzA che ke teo temAM vijaya meLavaze." svAmI vivekAnaMda ane zrI vIracaMdabhAI gAMdhI - banne karuNAmUrti hatA. potAnA dezabAMdhavo muzkelImAM hoya tyAre teone kevuM lAgI AvyuM hatuM eno ApaNane to i.sa. 1896-97mAM bhAratamAM paDelA duSkALa ane e samaye teoe lIdhela zrama parathI ja khyAla Ave che. svAmIjIe cotarapha paribhramaNa karI mAMdAnI mAvajata ane pIDitonI sevA karI ane pIDitonI sevAmAM ja emaNe prabhune nihALyA. A satya eTalI hada sudhI emanA manamAM vasI gayuM hatuM ke rAhatakArya mATe AzramanuM makAna vecavuM paDe topaNa emanI tatparatA hatI. e samaye zrI vIracaMdabhAI amerikAmAM hatA. jyAre emane duSkALanA samAcAra maLyA, tyAre vizvadharma pariSadanA pramukha sI. sI. bonInA adhyakSapade ane potAnA maMtrIpade eka duSkALa rAhata samitinI sthApanA karI. cikAgonI janatAne dardabharI apIla karatAM tAtkAlika rAhatanAM pagalAM tarIke anna bhareluM vahANa turata ja ravAnA karavAmAM AvyuM ane vizeSamAM rAhatakArya mATe Tahela nAkhatAM tyAMnI janatAe zrI vIracaMdabhAInI jhoLI chalakAvI dIdhI. lagabhaga rUpiyA cAlIza hajAra rokaDA dezanA vividha bhAgomAM rAhata arthe mokalavAmAM AvyA. A bAbata zrI vIracaMdabhAIe ja tA. 19 julAI, 1897nA patramAM ullekha karyo che : "ghaNo prayAsa karI ame sAnaphrAnsisko zaherathI eka sTImara bharI makAI kalakatte mokalAvI che. te garIba lokomAM tyAM vaheMcavAmAM Avaze. - 31 ]

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- jyotirdharanI jIvana gAthA - Azare cAlIza hajAra rUpiyA rokaDA hindustAnanA judA judA bhAgamAM mokalAvyA che. thoDA divasamAM ghaNuM karIne muMbaImAM ApaNA jaina saMgha upara Azare be hajAra rUpiyA mokalAvIzuM." zrI mohanalAla dalIcaMda desAI banne mahAnubhAvonI tulanA karatAM lakhe che ke, "banne bhAratanAM ratno, lokapriya vyAkhyAnakAra ane amerikAnA zrotAone AkarSavAra tathA potAnA vicAronI chApa pADanAra hatA. banne svadezamAM TUMkA jIvana gALI videha thayA - vivekAnaMda 40 varSanI vaye i.sa. 1902mAM belUranA maThamAM ane vIracaMda temanI pahelAM eka varSa i.sa. 1901mAM 37 varSanI uMmare muMbaImAM." svAmI vivekAnaMdano dehavilaya thayo tyAre amerikAnA suprasiddha patra "benara oNpha lAITa" bannenI tulanA karatAM lakhyuM hatuM ke : "teo abhyAsamAM ghaNo samaya vyatIta karatA, paraMtu temanI lekhanazaktimAM jevI vicAranI nUtanatA marahuma jaina tatvavettA vIracaMda rA. gAMdhI ke jeo Azare eka varSa upara A mAnava-bhUmino tyAga karI gayA che temanAmAM hatI tevI (svAmI vivekAnaMdamAM) nahotI. A ubhaya satparuSonI jarUra banne khaMDa upara hatI ane kharekhara teonI khoTa paNa jaNAze ja." "A banne bhAratanAM uttama ratno mATe kahI zakAya tema che ke : (1) vividha dharmonI carcA arthe zikAgomAM 1893mAM bharAyelI dharma pariSada samayanI bannenI kRti adyApi hajAro lokonI prazaMsAno viSaya che. (2) banne lokapriya vyAkhyAnakAra hatA ane amerikAmAM zrotAo taraphathI temanA saMbaMdhamAM ghaNAM stuti-vacano zravaNe paDatAM hatAM. " (3) je loko temanA bhASaNo sAMbhaLatA teo temanA siddhAMtone prItithI svIkAratA ane jeo te siddhAMtono yathArtha nirNaya karavA vicAra karatA teonA mana upara temanA vicAronI chApa adyApi paryata rahelI che. (4) bannenA jIvana TUMkA hatAM - vivekAnaMda 40 varSanI vaye svargastha 32

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- jyotirdharanI jIvana gAthA - thayA. banne vadhAre jIvyA hota to potAnA bhaviSyanA samayano vadhAre sAro ja upayoga karata. (5) banne svabhUmi hindustAnamAM ja videha kevalya thayA che. vivekAnaMda belUranA maTha khAte i.sa. 1902mAM ane vIracaMda i.sa.1901mAM muMbaImAM. (6) svAmI vivekAnaMdanA vicAronI prabaLa asara temanA ziSyamaMDaLa (abhedAnaMda Adi) rAmakRSNa sosAyaTI Adi aneka saMsthAo sthApI jvalaMta ane cirasthAyI rAkhI che, jyAre ati zokano viSaya che ke sva. vIracaMdanA vicAronI prabaLa asara koI paNa jaina taraphathI jArI rahI nathI, eTaluM ja nahi paraMtu vIracaMdabhAInuM nAma ke nizAna rAkhavA kaMI paNa prayatna karavAmAM Avyo nathI. AnuM nAma "naguNApaNuM nahIM?" sauthI vizeSa ApaNane AkarSe evI bAbata te teonA vicAromAM rahelI sAmyatA che. bhinna bhinna dharmanA pracArako chatAM vicArasaraNImAM teo banne vacce ghaNI samAnatA hatI. ekAda udAharaNa joIe. samAjasudhArakoe haMmezA jJAti-prathAne doSita TharAvI che e hakIkatamAM bhUla che. A bAbata banne vyaktio potapotAnI AgavI rIte Alekhe che : "buddhathI mAMDIne rAjA rAmamohanarAya sudhInA pratyeka sudhArake jJAtibaMdhanane dhArmika saMsthA gaNavAnI bhUla karI che, ane jJAtibaMdhanone toDI pADavAno prayatna karyo che....." jJAti e dhArmika saMsthA nathI. dharmAcAryonI badhI dharma ghelachAo. astitvamAM hatI te chatAM jJAti e phakta ghaNA samayathI jAmIne daDha thayelI sAmAjika saMsthA che. te saMsthAe potAnI sevA bajAvyA pachI hiMdanA vAtAvaraNane potAnA akkaDapaNAthI vyApta karyuM che. ane tene dUra karavAno phakta eka ja upAya, phakta teoe lokone khoyeluM sAmAjika vyaktitva pAchuM ApavuM, e ja che." zrI vIracaMdabhAI paNa A ja bAbatane jarA judI rIte ghaTAve che. 'An unknown Life of Jesus Christ'nI abhyAsapUrNa prastAvanAmAM 33.

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jyotirdharanI jIvana gAthA prAcIna bhAratano anya rASTro sAthe saMbaMdha vyApAra, kalA, sAhitya ane dharma - vagere vividha dRSTie AlekhatAM jJAtiprathA viSe teo lakhe che ke, "hAlamAM je dhoraNe jJAtiprathA astitvamAM che tenI huM tarapheNa karato nathI, paraMtu paMjAba yunivarsiTInA rajisTrAra DaoN. lITanara (Dr. Leitner)nI mAphaka mane pratIti thaI che ke jJAtiprathAne enA mULa svarUpe jALavI rAkhavAmAM bhAratanI prAcIna saMskRti ane kaLA ane udyoga sAthenA advitIya saMskAranI jALavaNI che, je Adhunika jarUriyAto ane mahattvAkAMkSAnI saMpUrNa spardhA karI zake ema che." jema svAmI vivekAnaMdanI ziSyA bhaginI niveditA hatAM, tema zrI vIracaMdabhAInAM hastadIkSita misisa hAvarDa hatAM. eziyAnA pratinidhi tarIke AMtararASTrIya vANijya pariSadamAM i.sa. 1899mAM maLelI AMtararASTrIya vANijya pariSadamAM zrI vIracaMdabhAIe samagra eziyAnA pratinidhi tarIke hAjarI ApI hatI. emanA A pariSadanA kArya viSe noMdha ApatAM eka agragaNya vartamAnapatra lakhe che : "pAMtrIsa karoDanI vasati dharAvatA eziyAnuM pratinidhitva bhAratanA zrI vIracaMdabhAI rAghavajI gAMdhIe karyuM, jeNe ApaNI posTa pArsala paddhati sudhAravA, vistRta karavA ane eno vikAsa karavA sUcavyuM jethI vizvanA dareka dezane temAM samAvI zakAya. e vastu samajAvI emaNe ApaNI AMkho kholI ane ApaNane pharIthI yAda ApyuM ke ApaNe je jarUra che te vistRta ane saMpUrNa vANijyanuM zikSaNa ApavAnI che." - - anuyAyIo ane videzI mitro (1) misisa hAvarDa: svAmI vivekAnaMdanI ziSyA jema bhaginI niveditA hatAM tema zrI vIracaMdabhAInAM hasta dIkSita zrImatI hAvarDa hatAM. teo zuddha zAkAhArI ane custa jainadharmI thayAM enuM kAraNa zrI vIracaMdabhAIno satsaMga thayo e hatuM. zrI gulAbacaMdajI DhaTTAe zrI vIracaMdabhAI gAMdhInA amerikAnI 34

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- jyotirdharanI jIvana gAthA kAryavAhInI noMdha potAnI DAyarImAM karI che. teo noMdhe che tema, "amerikAthI pAchA pharyA bAda zrI gAMdhIne huM ajameramAM maLyo. tyAM ame banne bhaSaNa ApavA mATe gayA hatA. A mulAkAtamAM gAMdhIe mane cikAgonA TapAla khAtAnA eka ucca adhikArIno patra batAvyo, jemAM lakhyuM hatuM ke, 'gAMdhInA batAvela vidhi pramANe navakAra maMtrano jApa karavAthI mAthAno duHkhAvo dUra thayo hato te koI bhUlathI pharIthI zarU thayo che. to yogya sUcanA Apazo." maMtranA camatkAra viSe, zaMkA dharAvanAra mATe A anupama udAharaNa che! vadhumAM zrI gulAbacaMdajI DhaTTA lakhe che : "zrI gAMdhIe mane e vakhate eka amerikana bahenano phoTo batAvyo (saMbhavataH misisa hAvarDano), je bhAratIya svAMgamAM unanA Asana para (kaTAsaNA para) besI, muhapattI hAthamAM rAkhIne sAmAyika karI rahI hatI. sthApanAcArya sAme hatA. hAthamAM mALA hatI. zrI gAMdhIe mane jaNAvyuM ke, zrI vijayAnaMdasUrinI vizeSa sUcanAo anusAra eka mAsa sudhI navakAra maMtrano jApa karavAthI e bahenane jAtismaraNa jJAna (pUrvabhavanuM jJAna) thayuM hatuM ane bhAratamAMnA potAnA pUrvabhavanI keTalIya vAto kahI hatI." cikAgomAM 'sosAyaTI phora dhI ejyukezana oNpha vImena oNpha inDiyA' nAmanI saMsthA temaNe sthApI hatI, jenA maMtrI tarIke misisa hAvarDa hatAM, je aMgenI vizeSa vigata zrI vIracaMdabhAInuM keLavaNI yuganA svapnadraSTA tarIke mUlyAMkana karatAM AgaLa upara ApI che. (2) harbarTa vaoNrana (Herbert Warren): zrI vIracaMdabhAInI hastadIkSita A umadA vyaktine 'Adarza jaina'nAM udAharaNarUpa gaNAvI zakAya. zrI mohanalAla dalIcaMda desAI lakhe che tema, "mAMsAhArano sarvathA tyAga, jaina vratonuM maryAdApUrNa satya rIte aMtaHkaraNapUrvaka grahaNa, jaina tattvajJAnamAM saMpUrNa ane tarkayukta zraddhA, svAdhyAyamagnatA vagere sarva guNonuM mizraNa eka aMgreja gRhasthamAM jovuM e kharekhara AnaMdadAyaka banAva che." 35

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- jyotirdharanI jIvana gAthA zrI vIracaMdabhAIe IMglenDamAM "Philosophical Society' nAmanI saMsthA sthApI hatI. A saMsthA dvArA emaNe jaina dharma, hindu yogA temaja bauddha tattvajJAna viSe tulanAtmaka jJAna ApI zakAya e mATe vargo calAvyA hatA, tyAre zrI harbarTa vaoNrana eka vidyArthI hatA temaNe tyArathI zrI vIracaMdabhAInAM pravaconI noMdha rAkhI hatI ane A rIte jeTaluM grahaNa karyuM e ja zrI vaoNranane jaina dharmamAM zraddhAzIla rAkhavA samartha hatuM. A pravacanonI noMdha parathI emaNe Jainism' nAmanuM taiyAra kareluM pustaka pragaTa thayuM hatuM. paMDita phatehacaMda lAlane A pustakane AzIrvacana lakhI ApyAM che. vIracaMdabhAInA dehavilaya pachI uparokta saMsthA baMdha paDI. paraMtu A gRhastha jijJAsu hatA ane koI paNa tatvanI bAbata emanA mananuM samAdhAna na thAya tyAre temaNe jaina dharmanA bhAratIya tattvajJo sAthe patravyavahAra karI, potAnI zaMkAone nirmULa karI hatI. A rIte emane paMDita lAlana, zrI hIrAlAla jhaverI, zrI goviMdajI mULajI mahevANI, zrI makanajI jUThAbhAI mahetA sAthe patravyavahAra hato. vIracaMdabhAIe batAvelA jaina dharmanA Adarzone potAnA dezabAMdhavo kema samajI zake ane jaina dharmano bahoLo pracAra kema thAya e jovA teo Atura hatA. AthI emaNe laMDanamAM Jaina Literature Society nI sthApanA karI. e saMsthA dvArA emaNe aMgreja vidvAnonA hAthe, saMzodhita ane vivecanAtmaka jaina graMtho, aMgrejI bhASAmAM taiyAra karAvI, pragaTa karavAnuM kArya hAtha dharyuM hatuM. 'jaina jIvana' amalamAM mUkI zakAya 2 HIe el Mahavira Brotherhood' 24214'Universal Faternity nAmanI saMsthA sthApI hatI. zrI vIracaMdabhAInA prabaLa prayatnonI A yAdagIrI che! (3) presiDanTa cArlsa sI. bonI (President C. C. Bonney: cikAgo vizvadharma pariSadano Adarza, kalpanA, vyavasthA ane saphaLatA A vyaktine AbhArI hatI. emaNe i.sa. 188lmAM A yojanAnI kalpanA karI ane i.sa. 1893mAM ene mUrta svarUpa ApyuM. teo pariSadanA pramukha hatA. - 36 -

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- jyotirdharanI jIvana gAthA - vIracaMdabhAI sAthe teo gADha paricayamAM hatA. bhArata mATe emane khUba lAgaNI ane sahAnubhUti hatI. i.sa. 1896-97mAM bhAratamAM jyAre duSkALa paDyo tyAre zrI vIracaMdabhAIe amerikAmAM dukALa rAhata samiti nI sthApanA karI ane presiDanTa sI. sI. bonIno A samitinA pramukha tarIke sahakAra lIdho. A samiti dvArA tAtkAlika rAhata mATe anAja bharelI sTImara ane lagabhaga rUpiyA cAlIsa hajAra rokaDA dezanA judA judA bhAgomAM mokalavAmAM AvyA hatA. (4) Do. jona henarI barojha (Dr. John Henry Barrows): i.sa. 1893nI cikAgo vizvadharma pariSadanA teo maMtrI hatA ane e pariSadamAM vIracaMdabhAIe saumyatApUrvaka hindu dharmano bacAva karyo ane pariSadanuM gaurava jALavI rAkhyuM ethI prabhAvita thayA hatA. vIracaMdabhAI pariSadanI pUrNAhuti bAda videzamAM dharma pracArArthe rahyA tyAre DaoN. jone temanuM nivAsasthAna khAlI karI ApyuM hatuM! (5) viliyama pAIpa (William Pipe): vizvadharma pariSadanA teo sahamaMtrI hatA. vIracaMdabhAInI pravRttinA teo prazaMsaka hovA uparAMta temane sahAyabhUta thavA haMmezA prayatno karatA. amerikAmAM vIracaMdabhAIe sthApelI 'School of Oriental Philosophy ane "Esoteric Studies'nA vargo vIracaMdabhAI, viliyama pAIpanI jAta-dekharekha nIce calAvatA hatA. hipnoTIjhama ane zrI vIracaMda gAMdhI - mahAtmA bhagavAnadIne "mere sAthI' pustakamAM A vize ullekha na karyo hota to A aMge kyAMya mAhitI maLavI muzkelI banata. emaNe lakhyuM che ke, "zrI vIracaMda gAMdhI 19mI sadImAM janmyA hatA, tyAre bhArata gulAma thayAne 37 varSa ja thayAM hatAM ane tyAre A dezamAM. evI keTalIka vyaktio hatI, jemane gulAmIno sparza paNa thayo na hato. AvI vyaktio paikI zrI vIracaMdabhAIe amerikAmAM jAhera karyuM ke hipnoTIjhama nAme oLakhAtI vidyAne janma ApanAra bhArata che! - 37]

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- jyotirdharanI jIvana gAthA ahAhA! te vakhate zrI vIracaMda gAMdhIthI loko keTalA badhA prabhAvita thayA haze! mesonika TempalamAM hipnoTijhama para pravacana ApatAM temaNe kahyuM, ke battIo baMdha karI do ane mAtra AchuM ja ajavALuM rahevA do. ema thatAM ja sapheda vastromAM paridhAna thayelA e bhAratIyanA zarIramAMthI eka tejarAzi camakavA lAgI ane emanI sapheda pAghaDI to evI jhabakArA mAratI hatI ke jANe gAMdhInA caherA pAchaLa koI sUraja camakI rahyo na hoya!! rakSaNIya karanuM samAdhAna - e to eka suvidita aitihAsika hakIkata che ke zatruMjaya parvatA zvetAmbara jainonA kabajAmAM samrATa akabara ane nagarazeTha zrI zAMtidAsanA samayathI hato. Ama chatAM te bAdazAha ane tenA pachI Avela jahAMgIra, zAhajahAnAdi bAdazAhoe tAmrapatra para Apela pharamAnono upayoga veLAsara nahi thavAthI, tenA paranI hakUmata pAlitANAnA nAmadAra darabArazrInA hAthamAM AvI. A vakhate pAlitANAnA ThAkora sUrasiMhajIe zatruMjaya tIrthanI yAtrAe janAra zvetAmbara jaina yAtrALuo para kara nAkhavA saMbaMdhe goThavaNa karI. aMte parvatanuM saMrakSaNa karavA mATe karano upayoga che tema jaNAvI pratyeka yAtrALu dITha be rUpiyAno rakSaNIya kara nAkhavAmAM Avyo. A rIti ghaNI agavaDabharI ane A kara ghaNo pAsadAyaka hato. zatruMjaya parvata pAsenA sUrajaphaMDa najadIka zrI kaSabhadeva bhagavAnanI pAdukA sthApita hatI. te koI vijJasaMtoSIe tA. 7/6/1885nA roja khodI kADhI ane tA. 19/6/1885nA roja gUma thaI. tyAMnA brAhmaNoe A pAdukA guru dattAtrayanI hatI ane zrAvakoe khodI laI guma karI che evI phariyAda karI (ke evI phariyAda karAvavAmAM AvI ?!) AthI te tIrthanA zrAvakoe rAkhela nokarone mAra mArI pakaDavAmAM AvyA. A saMbaMdhI gavarnara tarapha ane bIje tAra karavAmAM AvyA. tA. 18/7/1885nA roja pUnAmAM gavarnara laoNrDa reke, A pAlitANAnA julamakesa saMbaMdhe, jainonuM eka pratinidhi maMDaLa maLyuM. tyAra bAda -- 38 ]

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jyotirdharanI jIvana gAthA sonagaDhanA AsisTanTa poliTikala ejanTa kaptAna phoraDAIsa dvArA ekapakSIya tapAsa thaI tenI sAme vAMdho uThAvavAmAM Avyo. pachI sarakArazrI taraphathI ema nakkI thayuM ke pAlitANA darabArazrI taraphathI jaina nokaro uparanA julamano nirNaya karavA sonagaDha mukAme tapAsa thaze, ane jaina nokaro upara, pAlitANA korTamAM dAkhala thayela kesa paNa AsisTanTa poliTikala ejanTanI korTamAM laI javo. AthI pAlitANAnA nAmadAra darabArazrI mahAbaLezvara gavarnarane arajI karavA gayA. eTale vIracaMdabhAI tathA anya jaina AgevAno gavarnara pAse gayA. e arasAmAM vikrama saMvata 1942nA kArataka vada 3nA roja pAlitANAnA ThAkora zrI surasiMhajI avasAna pAmyA. eTale A julamakesa baMdha rahyo. pAlitANAnA ThAkora zrI surasiMhajInI jagyAe ThAkora mAnasiMhajI gAdI para AvyA, ane vIracaMdabhAIe athAka mahenata laI rakSaNIya karanuM nIce mujaba samAdhAna lAvyA. A mahAna prayAsathI ThAkorasAheba zrI mAnasiMhajI ane jaina saMgha vacce evo karAra thayo ke, (1) rUpiyA beno yAtrALu dITha vero kADhI nAkhavo ane prativarSa ThAkorane te mATe jaino rU|.15,000 aMke rUpiyA paMdara hajAra ucaka Ape. (2) A goThavaNa sane 1886nA eprilathI 40 varSa sudhI kAyama rAkhavI. (3) 40 varSanI Akhare uparokta ucaka rakamamAM pheraphAra karavAne banne bAjue chUTa rAkhavAmAM AvI. banne bAjunI dalIlo dhyAnamAM lIdhA pachI e pheraphAra maMjUra athavA nAmaMjUra karavAnuM kAma briTiza sarakAranA hAthamAM raheze. A pramANe vIracaMdabhAIe potAnI prabhAvazALI kartRtvazaktino paricaya Apyo. A vakhate kAThiyAvADanA poliTikala ejanTa karnala voTsana (pAchaLathI jene ejanTa Tu dha gavarnara kahevAmAM AvatA) hatA. 39

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jyotirdharanI jIvana gAthA - sametazikhara para carabInA kArakhAnA aMge vartamAna covIsInA vIsa tIrthaMkaro siddhipada pAmyA che e kAraNe sametazikharanI tIrtha tarIke vizeSa mahattA che. e vakhatanA baMgALanA hajArIbAga jillAnA pAlagaMja gAmano rAjA pArasasiMga hato. te rAjyanI sarahadamAM madhuvana ane sametazikharajIno parvata Avelo che. pAlitANAmAM zatruMjaya tIrtha upara cokhA vagere caDAvavAnI vastuo bhATa loko laI jatA, tema A tIrtha uparathI rAjAne laI javAno agAu rivAja hato. te badala tema ja tIrthanA rakSaNa badala rUA.1500 tene saMgha taraphathI ApavAmAM AvatA hatA. bAdazAhanA vakhatathI paNa A tIrthanI mAlikI jainonI ja hatI. paraMtu dekharekha ane sArasaMbhALa tathA hakka jALavavAnA prayatno vageremAM khAmI rahevAthI te hakka DUbI gayo hato, ane tyAMno rAjA pahADa upara thatAM ghAsa, lAkaDAM tathA haraDA vagere vanaspatinI Upaja paNa leto hato. | vikrama saMvata 1942nA arasAmAM tyAMnA rAjAe pahADane lagatI thoDIka jamIna eka beDama nAmanA aMgrejane cA ropavA paTTathI ApI. cAra-pAMca varSa cAno bagIco khIlavyA bAda DuMgara upara DukkaranI besumAra vasati tenI najaramAM AvI ane A jagyAmAM teNe DukkaronI carabI kADhavAnuM kArakhAnuM UbhuM karyuM. e kArakhAnuM ApaNA yAtrAsthaLathI be-traNa mAIla dUra hatuM. paraMtu sametazikharajI pharatI bAra gAunI pradakSiNAnA rastAmAM AvatuM hatuM. emAM saMhAra thatAM phukkaronI cIso upara zrI caMdraprabhujI bhagavAnanI TUke tema ja nIce AvelI dharmazALAmAM saMbhaLAtI hatI. AvI pazuonI katala joIne ane tenI dardabharI cIso sAMbhaLIne lagnanA mAMDavethI gRhatyAga karanAra bhagavAna ariSTanemi (bha. neminAthajI)nA anuyAyIo kema zAMta besI zake? zrI saMghanA AgevAnoe hajArIbAga jillAnA kamiznara pAse phariyAda karI, paraMtu "koI paNa prakAranA vyApAranI bAbatamAM ame vacce paDI zakatA nathI" evI noMdha sAthe phariyAda kADhI nAkhavAmAM AvI. AthI paragaNAnI korTamAM phariyAda dAkhala karavAmAM AvI ane - 40 ]

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jyotirdharanI jIvana gAthA prastuta kArakhAnA sAme manAI hukama meLavavAmAM Avyo. paNa nyAyAlayamAM A mukaddamAno cukAdo jaina samAjanI viruddha Avyo. pariNAme hAIkorTano Azaro lIdho. A mukaddamAno saghaLo kharca kalakattAnA zrImaMta bAbusAheba badrIprasAdajIe bhogavyo. hAIkorTane karelI apIlamAM caritranAyaka vIracaMdabhAInI sahAya levAmAM muzkelI e hatI ke prAthamika purAvA paragaNAnI korTamAM dAkhala karavAmAM AvyA na hatA. bIjuM sthAnika bhASAmAM rahelAM patro, zilAlekho ane tAmrapatro purAvA rUpe rajU karavAnAM hatAM. A mATe vIracaMdabhAI kalakattA gayA. baMgALI bhASAno abhyAsa karyo ane patro, zilAlekho temaja tAmrapatronI nakalo rajU karI temaja eno aMgrejI bhASAmaM anuvAda karIne sametazikhara parvatano mAlikIhakka sAbita karyo. spaSTa ane suMdara rajUAtanA kAraNe, cukAdo jaina saMghanI tarapheNamAM Avyo. tIrthanI rakSAnuM bIjuM mahattvanuM kArya A rIte caritranAyake pAra pADyuM ane zrI jaina esosiyezana oNpha InDiyAnA maMtrI tarIke e saMsthAnA uddezone kAryAnvita karavAmAM teozrI nimitta banyA. vIracaMdabhAInA patro vIracaMdabhAInA patro bahu ochA upalabdha che. e paikI thoDAka zrI mahAvIra jana vidyAlayanA saMgrahAlayamAM che. emanA kuTuMbIjanoe i.sa. 1964mAM emanA janmazatAbdI varSamAM zrI mahAvIra jaina vidyAlayane emanuM apragaTa sAhitya kAskeTa, meDala vagere soMpyuM tyAre temanA patro paNa sAthe hatA. A uparAMta zrI jaina zvetAmbara konpharansanA mukhapatra 'jaina yuga'mAM paNa be-traNa patro pragaTa thayAnuM mane smaraNa che. emanA jIvananuM UjaLuM pAsuM che, sAhitya. emanA jIvananI vyaMjanAzakti che sAhityamAM! teo tattvajJa hatA, paNa sAthosAtha rasajJa hatA. pAdapUrti banAvatA, sAhityacarcA karatA, emanA mitroe banAvelI kavitA mATe mArgadarzana ApatA. A badhuM emanA mitra 41

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- jyotirdharanI jIvana gAthA - sAthenA patra vyavahAramAM sphaTa thAya che. patra dvArA emaNe karelI sAhityanI upAsanA ApaNane zIkhavI jAya che ke patromAM keTaluM sAmarthya che, patro paNa sAhityanuM svarUpa pAmI zake che. sAhityanuM avibhAjya aMga che! e lokonI sAhityarasika snehALa mitronI tripuTI - zrI bhagavAnadAsa durlabhadAsa pArekha, zrI mUlacaMda nathubhAI ane vIracaMdabhAI traNeyane ekabIjA para apAra sneha! ekano patra na Ave agara jarA vahelomoDo Ave to keTalA vyAkuLa thaI jatA mitrasnehanuM subhaga darzana A patrono AtmA ApaNAne karAve che. vIracaMdabhAIe tA. 23/3/1887nA patramAM zrI maNilAla mohanalAlano patra na AvatAM be anyoktio lakhI, TippaNa lakhelI. temAMthI eka joIe : (IndravajA) zA sAru doDe bhalI o hariNI, pANI nathI, jhAMjhavuM jo nihALI; bhoLAIthI duHkhI bahu thavAze, loko mahIM mUrakha tuM vadAze! TippaNamAM lakhyuM : "kone, kevI rIte uparanI anyoktio lAgu pADavI te tamAruM aMtaHkaraNa hamaNAM nahIM kahe to keTalo eka vakhata pachI kaheze." bhagavAnadAsa pArekha kavitAo lakhatA ane vIracaMdabhAIne mokalatA. e para vivecana dvArA mArgadarzana mAgatA ane pratyuttaramAM potAnI samajaNa pramANe carcA karatA. bhagavAnadAsa pArekha navarasa viSe jANe kharA, paNa tenA peTA prakAra AdimAM khAsa samajaNa nahIM. temanA eka kAvya viSe jyAre vIracaMdabhAIe eno rasa vipralaMbha zRMgAra kahevAya ane enI samajaNa ApI tyAre ane tyAra pachInA patra dvArA teo rasa viSe vizeSa jJAtA thayA tA. 30/1/1887nA patramAM bhagavAnadAsa spaSTapaNe lakhe che : -- 42] 42.

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- jyotirdharanI jIvana gAthA - "temAM vaLI zuMgAra rasanA peTA bhAgiyA gaNAvI te kavitA vipralaMbha zRMgAramAM banI che ema lakhyuM to tenuM jANavuM che te to yogya lakhyuM haze ja. paraMtu huM navarasa sivAya tenA peTA bhAgathI taddana ajAyo chuM, kAraNa meM koI pAse te racanA zIkhI nathI jethI mane aMganI tathA vipralaMbha zRMgAranI tathA tenI dazAnI sUjha paDI." e ja patramAM lakhyuM ke, "saMbhoga-zRMgAra kone kahe (tenI mane jhAMkhI khabara che) tenI mane pUrNa khabara nathI. to have jema Ane (vipralaMbhazRMgAra) mATe jema dazA tathA avasthA varNavI tema ja te mATe mane jaNAvazo." vIracaMdabhAI to tRSAtura hoI, enI kSudhA-pyAsa chipAvavA haMmezA tatpara. javAbamAM zloka lakhI mokalyo. enuM vivecana karatAM jaNAvyuM...nAyaka-nAyikAnuM paraspara jovuM, vAtacIta karavI, bAgabagIcAmAM pharavuM, puSpo ekaThAM karavA, jaLakrIDA karavI, madhupAna karavuM, tAMbula grahaNa karavuM, surata-sukhano anubhava levo vagereno je anubhava kare che ane vaLI pUrNa rIte AnaMdita manathI; te sarve saMbhoga-zRMgAra kahevAya che." A to thaI emanI sAhitya carcAnI vAta. teo kavi hatA ke nahi eno nirNaya karavAnuM bAju para rAkhI emanA patro uparathI eTaluM to avazya kahI zakAya ke teo kavihRdayI hatA. zrI bhagavAnadAse, 'lAge ati zarakarA sama teha mIThI! vasaMtatilakA chaMdamAM paMkti banAvI pAdapUrti karavA mATe vIracaMdabhAIne jaNAvyuM. emanA mitra mULacaMdabhAIe cAra kaDI banAvI ane zrI vIracaMdabhAIe cha kaDI banAvI hatI. hAla A patramAMthI jeTalI kaDI ukelI zakAya che teTalI kaDI atre ApI cheH (1) jaina sAdhu (muni). AvyA muni vana mahIM mahuvA taNA e vANI uccArI bahu zrAvakanA hitArthe jANe sudhAnI saritA vahatI ja dIThI lAge ati zarakarA sama teha mIThI! - 43 -

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jyotirdharanI jIvana gAthA (2) caMdrajyotsanA zI zobhatI sukhada caMdra taNI ja jyotsanA jeNe vadhArI priyane maLavAnI tRSNA jevI jaca priya samAgamamAM ja dIThI lAge ati zarakarA sama tehI mIThI! (3) koraTamAM hAjara thayelA gunegAra Ubho rahyo phapara sAhebanI samakSa udvega pAmI mukhamAMthI vadAya rakSA nirdoSa che ka ka ka ka uccArAtI dIThI. lAge ati zarakarA mama teha mIThe! (4) tamArA patranI prApti re mitra patranI ahoniza vATa dekhuM vihagni zAMti arathe tava citra prakhuM jyAre prabhAta samaye tava AvI mIThI lAge ati zarakarA sama teha mIThI ! (5) prabhubhakti saMsAramAM sukhada vastu na ko gaNAye AnaMda kaMda prabhu bhakti karo sadAye zAMti thaI prabhu taNI java mUrti dIThI lAge ati zarakarA sama teha mIThI! (6) kavitA. jUnA vicAra saha mauna na arthayukti raMjADatI priyatamA tava prema ukita mAdhuryayukta kavitA java tArI dIThI lAge ati zarakarA sama teha mIThI! --[44]- 44

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- jyotirdharanI jIvana gAthA - jaina sAdhunI dezanA korTamAM hAjara thayelo gunegAra pote nirdoSa che evo cukAdo sAMbhaLe tyAre, patra prAptithI thato AnaMda, prabhubhakti ane nijAnaMda sAkaranI jema ati mIThAM ja lAge ne? kevI kalpanAthI tarata ja - patra AvatAMnI sAthe ja pAdapUrti banAvI hatI ! 23 varSanI vaye nigraMtha muninI vANI viSe je vicAre che e jotAM emanA saMskAro keTalA daDha haze ane AgaLa jatAM A saMskAroe ja emanA vikAsamAM bhAga bhajavyo haze ne? videzamAM paNa custa jaina tarIkenuM emanuM jIvana hatuM. custa vanaspatyAhArI (jaina dharmapraNita zAkAhArI) tarIke rahevAmAM emano keTalIka musIbato paDI hatI. sTImaramAM jatAM potAnA mATe rasoI banAvavA judo cUlo rAkhavA paravAnagI levI, judA cUlA dvArA judI rasoI banAvI e bAbatanuM pramANapatra jahAjanA kaptAna pAsethI meLavavuM, (pariNAme bIje AvI sagavaDatA meLavavAmAM agavaDatA na paDe), AvAM pramANapatra meLavavAM, bhalAmaNa patro meLavavA vagere bAbatonI vidhithI keTalI musIbata paDI haze te Ajano anubhavI samAja sahelAIthI samajI zakaze! (A patranI AkhIya nakala mATe juo pariziSTa-3) tA. 29/1/1884nA roja dayAcaMdabhAI paranA patramAM teoe A badhI bAbato savistara lakhI che. sTImaramAM rasoI mATe jAdUkalAnA kasabI nathu maMchAcaMda sAthe hatA. (A patra pariziSTa 3mAM Apyo che.) sTImaramAM alhAbAdanI kaoNlejanA prAdhyApaka zrI jJAnendranAtha cakravartI, bauddha dharma sabhAnA maMtrIzrI dharmapAla, laMDananI thiyosaoNphikala sosAyaTInA pramukha zrImatI enI bIsenTa tathA maMtrI kuM. myulara sAthe hatAM. emane vIracaMdabhAIe jaina dharmanuM hArda samajAvyuM tyAre teone Azcarya thayuM ane kahyuM, "AvI uttama philasUphInAM pustako aMgrejImAM jaina loko pragaTa karatA nathI e ghaNI dilagIrInI vAta che." videzamAM paNa jaina samAjanuM gaurava jaLavAya enI emaNe kALajI rAkhI hatI. zikAgo jatAM nyUyorkamAM be divasa rahevuM paDyuM. A 45.

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- jyotirdharanI jIvana gAthA - divaso daramiyAna dharma pariSadanA maMtrI zrI viliyama pAIpa nyUyaoNrka AvyA hatA. ane jaina dharma praNita AcAra anusAra badhI ja sagavaDatA vizvadharma pariSadanA kharce karavAnI hatI. paraMtu zrI vIracaMdabhAIne lAgyuM ke, jaina dharmanI unnati mATe huM ahIM Avyo chuM te prasaMge amerikAnA lokone mAre mATe kharca karavo paDe, e jo ke temane prazaMsanIya che, to paNa mArI zaktivAna jaina komane nAmozI bhareluM che. tethI potAnA ja kharce rahevAnI upakArabharyA zabdo sAthe dhanyavAda ApI mAgaNI karI. mahAtmA gAMdhIjI sAthe saMparka mahAtmA gAMdhIjI jyAre mahAtmA banyA na hatA ane IMgleMDamAM khorAkanA akhatarA karatA hatA tyAre gAMdhIjIe mArA satyanA prayogomAM eka vAtano nirdeza karyo che. te anusAra vIracaMda gAMdhI e akhatarAmAM emanI sAthe joDAyA hatA. (bhAga-2, prakaraNa-3, pR. 93) mahAtmAjIe A nirdeza na karyo hota to A be gAMdhIonA aMgata paricaya vize ApaNe kazuM jANI zakata nahIM ema paM. sukhalAlajIe 'sva. vIracaMda gAMdhI viSe kaMIka e lekhamAM jaNAvyuM che. taduparAMta zrI vIracaMdabhAInA putra sva. mohanabhAI paranA eka patramAM 'pitAzrInA Adarzo jALavI rAkhyA haze?' evI pRcchA karI hatI. A patra vIracaMdabhAInA avasAna bAda cAra dAyakA pachI lakhAyo hato. A patra mArA jovAmAM Avyo che ane te emanAM kuTuMbIoe zrI mahAvIra jaina vidyAlayane soMpela che. keLavaNI yuganA svapnadraSTA bhAratamAM ane khAsa karIne jaina samAjamAM navI keLavaNIno vyApaka pracAra thAya, e mATenI suvidhA upalabdha thAya e mATe emaNe athAka prayatno karyA hatA. bhAratamAM jaina kaoNlejanI sthApanA thAya e emanuM svapna hatuM. bhAratanA vidyArthIone ucca keLavaNI mATe sahAyarUpa thavA amerikAmAM emaNe eka phaMDanI zarUAta paNa karI hatI. paNa alpAyu sAme e adhUruM rahyuM. * 46 -

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- - jyotirdharanI jIvana gAthA - ethI vizeSa ullekhanIya bAbata to e ke, emaNe e jamAnAmAM strI-keLavaNInI himAyata karI ane sakriya pagalAM lIdhAM. je yuga strI-keLavaNIne Avazyaka samajato na hato ane je yugamAM strIonuM sthAna gharanI cAra dIvAla vacce ja sImita hatuM, e yugamAM strIkeLavaNInI vAta karavI ane eno amala karavo e nAnIsUnI vAta nathI! emanA prayatnothI amerikAmAM "International Society for the Education of Woman in India nAme saMsthA sthapAI hatI ane emanA prayatnothI traNa bhAratIya bahenone A saMsthA dvArA raheThANa ane abhyAsanA kharcanI e saMsthAnI javAbadArIthI amerikA abhyAsArthe mokalI zakyA. bhAratIya sannArIo samAjamAM potAnA sthAnane samaje ane sAkSara, zikSita strIo sAvitrI, maitreyI, gArgI ane damayaMtI jevI satI strIonA jevo potAno darajjo punaH prApta kare evo uddeza A saMsthAno hato. emano dehavilaya i.sa. 1901nA oNgasTanI sAtamI tArIkhe muMbaImAM . thayo. -: upasaMhAra :keTalIka vyaktinAM kArya evA hoya che ke emaNe karelAM satkarmo jevAM anya kAryo thAya tyAM sudhI kALa bhagavAna thobhI jAya evI ApaNane svAbhAvika apekSA rahe, evI ApaNI prArthanA paNa hoya. paNa kALa koIno mitra nathI; koIno zatru paNa nathI. tenI gati satata, gahana ane akaLa che. bhagavAna mahAvIra paNa kALanI gatine thaMbhAvI zakyA nahIM. trIjI vakhate videzayAtrAethI nAdurasta tabiyata laIne 1901nA julAImAM vIracaMda gAMdhI svadeza pAchA pharyA. ahIM AvyA pachI emanI tabiyatamAM sudhAro thayo nahIM. 37 varSanI jiMdagImAM teo satata kAryarata rahyA, kadAca zArIrika kSamatAthI vadhI kAryazIla rahyA. i.sa. 1901nA oNgasTa mAsanI sAtamI tArIkhe muMbaImAM emanuM dehAvasAna thayuM. kALa bhagavAne enI akaLa lIlAnuM darzana karAvyuM. kAkAsAheba kAlelakare smaraNayAtrA'mAM noMdhyuM che ke 'DAhyo-zANo - 47 ]

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- jyotirdharanI jIvana gAthA - mANasa jhAjhuM jIve nahIM.' A ukti vIracaMda gAMdhI ane emanA samakAlInomAM akSarazaH sAcI paDatI jaNAya che. samAja sudhAraka karazanadAsa mULajI (1832-72), svAmI vivekAnaMda (1862-1902), vA.mo. zAha (1878-1931), zrImad rAjacaMdra (1868-1900): A badhA mahAnubhAvoe haju cAlIsI vaTAvI - na vaTAvI ane kALa bhagavAnanuM kaheNa AvyuM. jANe e teDuM vaheluM AvavAnuM hoya ema TUMkI jiMdagImAM satata eka pachI eka kArya hAtha para levA mAMDyAM ane ATopavA lAgyA. vIracaMda gAMdhInA kAryanuM mUlyAMkana karavuM paDe evI sthiti Aje UbhI thaI rahI che. videzamAM jainono vasavATa vadhyo che. tyAM vasatAM phuTuMbone emanAM bALakonA saMskAra aMgenI ciMtA che. jaina dharmanuM pAyAnuM jJAna saraLa aMgrejI bhASAmAM ApavAnuM che. bhAratamAM paNa aMgrejI mAdhyamavALI bhASAmAM vyAvahArika zikSaNa vadhyuM che tyAre vIracaMda gAMdhInAM jaina dharma paranAM aMgrejI bhASAmAM apAyela vyAkhyAnonuM mUlya vadhI jAya che. A dizAmAM emaNe pAyAnuM kAma karyuM che. vaLI, tIrthasthAnomAM phirakAbhedanA kAraNe cAlI rahelA vivAdanA kAraNe emanI Aje sauthI vizeSa jarUra che. makSIjI tIrtha, zatruMjaya ane sametazikhara para carabInuM kArakhAnuM nAkhavAnA kissAmAM emaNe dAkhavelI dUraMdezI, dhagaza, utsAha ane te vistAranI bhASA zIkhavAnI tamannA Aje paNa dyotaka che. kyAMka dastAvejI vigato ApIne, kyAMka udAratA rAkhIne praznanuM nirAkaraNa zodhavAmAM emanuM jIvana dIvAdAMDIrUpa banI raheze emAM zaMkA nathI. AvA panotA putrane anekazaH vaMdanA. R 48

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OH nol ivadaM ab . jyotirdharanI jIvana gAthA LECTURE ON INDIA Ancient Literature of India. Position of Women in India. Early Life of the Hindus. ** Marriage Status in India. BY VIRCHAND R. GANDHI, B.A., of Bombay Honorary Secretary to the Jain Association of India amerikAmAM zrI vIracaMdabhAi gAMdhInA ceAAyela pracanA magenuM pATa, Social Customs of the 288 Millions of the Indian People. mULa posTara maDhAvIne zrI mahuvA tapAgacchIya jaina saMghanI peDhImAM sacavAyeluM che tenI sAIjha 15x 12" che 48 llament The Society for the Education of women of India's Chicago's Hon. Secretary Mrs. Howard & Virchand Gandhi HM fajo02 adida

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-- malalzo yao 011211 - Mr. Herbert Warren, Mr & Mrs. A. Gordon Hon. Secretary & Eminent Members of Mahavir Brotherhood, London established by Virchand Gandhi yo

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ons fo Tap 255708 PENY ene jyotirdharanI jIvana gAthA Photo Courtesy: Neely's History of World's Parliament 1951BHSHS tous of Religions, 1893 s elsansko 6,5 She abia, prsicais, jakseats seikbeya is als e feisbla GHS oks ee lists Assins Susp fast fis fans & se pipe abuse From left to right Virchand Ghandhi, Mr. H. Dhamapal and Swani Vivekanand at world's Parliament of Religions. 51 Elfs 013

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. jyotirdharanI jIvana gAthA pariziSTa 1 pazcimanI najare zrI vIracaMda gAMdhI zrI vIracaMdabhAInI videzanI kAmagIrIne tyAMnAM vartamAnapatro ane agragaNya nAgarikoe kaI dRSTithI mUlavyAM e jovuM rasaprada thaze, ane e joyA vinA emanuM mUlyAMkana paNa adhUruM gaNAze. A dRSTie evA keTalAMka videzI patronA ane agragaNya nAgarikonA abhiprAyano anuvAda joIe. eDiTarsa byUro (amerikanaM sAmayika) taMtrI sthAnethI zrI vIracaMda rAghavajI gAMdhI muMbaI yunivarsiTInA snAnataka (bI.e.) che ane asAdhAraNa buddhi-pratibhA dharAve che. teo aMgrejI sahita cauda bhASAnA acchA jANakAra che, ane jaina esosiyezana oNpha InDiyAnA maMtrI che. bhAratamAMthI eka ja evA sagRhastha hovAnuM teo viziSTa sthAna dharAve che ke je cikAgo vizvadharma pariSada, 1893mAM tenA vatanIo dvArA pasaMda karAyelA jaina dharmanA pratinidhi hatA ane jeNe 50,00,000 jainonuM gauravathI pratinidhitva karyuM. mi. gAMdhI ApaNA rItarivAjo, rAjakIya paristhiti, zaikSaNika ane audyogika saMsthAono abhyAsa karavA ApaNA dezamAM rahyA che. teo prabhAvazaLI vyaktitva dharAve che temaja lAgaNIzIla, gaMbhIra, Adarzasiddha temaja svamAna ane naitika hiMmata dharAve che. A badhuM ane ethI vizeSa asara kare evI bAbata, enI svasthatA, zAMti, jijJAsu dRSTi ane bhAratanA rItarivAja tema ja dharmonI carcA karavAnI emanI chaTA che, paraMtu jyAre mAnavajAtanI svArtha parAyaNatA, anyAya ane ajJAna, lokonI bhISaNatA viSe teo carcA kare che tyAre khUba ja chaTApUrvaka pravacana kare che ane e viSe jyAre vistArathI carcA kare che tyAre teno AtmA, enI AMkhanI tejasvitA dvArA jhaLahaLI UThe che. jyAre paNa taka maLe tyAre bhAratanA vatanIne sAMbhaLavAnI koIe - 52

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- jyotirdharanI jIvana gAthA - paNa taka gumAvI joIe nahIM. bIjI koI jagyAe javA karatAM eka sAMje emanI pAsethI vadhu jJAna ane satya lAdhaze. bhArata ane tenA loko viSe pravartatA ayogya ane bhUlabharelA khyAlo teo sudhArI zakaze. emanuM pravacana puruM thayA pachI prekSaka vargamAMthI koI paNa vyakti pUchaze to teo yogya pratyuttara Apaze. AvI umadA ane mahAna vyakti, je satya ane pavitratAno upadeza Ape che ane e mujaba varte che enI prazaMsA mATe pUratA zabdo nathI. zrI gAMdhIe ApaNA dezamAM klaba, vidvAnonA vidyAmaMDaLa, sAhitya ane carca sosAyaTI, thiyosophikala zAkhAo ane AdhyAtmika pariSada samakSa pravacano ApyA che. ane pIrvAtya yogavidyA aMge emaNe vargo paNa calAvyA che. temanuM dareka jagyAe uSmAbharyuM svAgata karavAmAM Ave che ane khUba ja prazaMsA karavAmAM Ave che. revanDa Ara. e. vhAITa, cikAgoH . bhAratanA vividha dharmonI vizvadharma pariSadamAM rajUAta karanAra zrI gAMdhIne huM ghaNA paMDitomAMnA eka vidvAna gaNuM chuM. mArA carcamAM emaNe Apela pravacana mArA mata mujaba, emanI rajUAta karavAnI Dhaba ane vigata ema banne daSTithI emane chAje evuM hatuM. ane emaNe darzAvI ApyuM ke emaNe pIrvAtya tattvajJAna saMpUrNa rIte grahaNa kareluM che. zrI gAMdhIne aMgrejI bhASA para sAro kAbU che ane temanAmAM dareka jagyAe rasa-jijJAsA jAge evuM vyaktitva che. mAnArha I. bI. zeramenaH cikAgo vizvadharma pariSadanA pUrvanA ghaNA vidvAno ane vicArakone maLavAmAM mane haMmezA AnaMda thAya che. temAMnA muMbaInA dhArAzAstrI zrI vIracaMda rAghavajI gAMdhI eka che. bhAgye ja koI divasa mAruM evuM nasIba hoya ke huM zrI gAMdhI jevA eka sagruhasthane maLyo houM, jenuM vAcana ane saMskAra vistRta ane vividha hoya tema ja sAthosAtha mIThAza, nikhAlasatA ane jJAna ApavA mATenI tAlAvelI jenAmAM hoya. pa3 -

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* jyotirdharanI jIvana gAthA revaranDa eDIsana pArkara (Disembara 2, 1893): cikAgo vizvadharma pariSadanI kAryavAhI daramiyAna jaina dharma viSe zrI gAMdhIjInuM pravacana sAMbhaLavAnuM mane sadbhAgya prApta thayuM ane emane vyaktigata maLavAno paNa prasaMga sAMpaDyo ethI mane AnaMda thayo. mArA para emane viSe khUba ja buddhizALImAMnA eka ane pUrvanA pratinidhiomAMthI ApaNA mAnasane hacamacAvI mUkanAra tarIkenI chApa paDI. mahAna puruSonA jIvana ane vicArone teo rajU kare che ene emanA sivAya bIjA koInA pAsethI huM sAMbhaLavAnu pasaMda na karuM. baphelo koriyara (oNgasTa 19, 1894) Buffalo Courier; kAsAgADAmAM atyAra sudhImAM koInuM paNa sanmAna karavAmAM AvyuM na hoya evuM uSmAbharyuM svAgata muMbaInA jaina zanivAre sAMjanA jyAre teo jAMbuDI raMgano jhabbo, sonerI pAghaDI ane rezamI kamarapaTTo e rIte saMpUrNa bhAratIya svAMgamAM AvyA tyAre prekSakoe emane harSanAdathI vadhAvI lIdhA ane emanuM pravacana 'Some Mistake Corrected' pUruM thayu tyAre pharI pharIne pravacana ApavA kahevAmAM AvyuM hatuM. lAITa oNpha Trutha (11/8/1894) : zrI gAMdhI bhAratanI vaidika zAkhA, brAhmaNa ane bauddha dharmanA UMDA abhyAsI che. teo e tattvajJAnane, AdhyAtmika pratibhAthI ane potAnA gurunA vyavahAru jJAnane potAnI pratibhA sAthe pragaTa kare che, prakAze che. baphelo eksapresa (14/8/1894)H bhAratanA zrI vIracaMda gAMdhI rasa dharAvatA asaMkhya lokonA mukhya, mAnanIya vaktA hatA. prekSakavarga tarapha dRSTi pheravatAM jaNAyuM ke dareke dareka loko A hindunA zabdane khUba ja dhyAnapUrvaka sAMbhaLatA hatA ane samajatA hatA. lAITa oNpha Trutha (18/8/1894) : jaina tattvavettA zrI vIracaMda gAMdhIe prAcIna dharmonI samajaNa ApavA vargo zarU karyA che. potAnA dharmonuM tattvajJAna samajAvatA A hindu skolarane sAMbhaLavA buddhizALI-tejasvI prekSako khUba ja Atura hoya che ane sabhAgRha haMmezA evA prekSakothI bharapUra rahe che. 54

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jyotirdharanI jIvana gAthA - pariziSTa - 2 [zrI vIracaMda gAMdhInA jIvananI sAlavArI zrAvaNa vada 8, vi.saM. 1920 mahuvAmAM zrI rAghavajI gAMdhIne tyAM tA. 25mI oNgasTa, 1864 zrI mAnabAInI kRSie janma. I.sa. 1872-73 - mahuvAnA heDamAstara ane InspekTaranI bhalAmaNathI hAIskUlanA abhyAsa mATe sahaphuTuMba bhAvanagara, 1879 - lagnagraMthithI joDAyA. 1880 - maeNTrikyulezananI parIkSA bhAvanagaranI AphreDa hAIskUlamAMthI pasAra. gohilavADa jillAmAM prathama - sara jazavaMtasiMhajI skolarazipa meLavI. 1880 - ucca abhyAsa mATe sahaphaTuMba muMbaI AvyA. elaphinsTana kolejamAM praveza. 1884 - muMbaI yunivarsiTInI bI.e. (oNnarsa)nI padavI. jaina samAjamAMthI prathama snAtaka. 1884 - zrI jaina esosIezana opha InDiyAnA maMtrI tarIke varaNI, jAhera jIvananA zrIgaNIza. 1885 - zatruMjaya kesa saMbaMdhamAM jubAnIo laI emaNe muMbaI, amadAvAda, pUnA vagere sthaLoe arajI karI gavarnara sAhebane maLI InkavAyarIno hukama meLavyo. 1885-86 - mesarsa lITala, smItha, phreara enDa nikolasana, sarakArI solisiTarsanI peDhImAM ArTikalDa klArka tarIke joDAyA. 1886 - eprila - zatruMjaya para yAtrAe janArane Apavo paDato muMDakAvero baMdha thayo. e kesamAM karnala voTsana ane muMbaInA gavarnara laoNrDa rene maLI, samajAvI, cukAdo tarapheNamAM Ayo. 1886 - Disembara-zatruMjaya tIrtha para laoNrDa rene mAnapatra ApavAmAM AvyuM. 1886-87 - makSIjI tIrtha saMbaMdhI jhaghaDAno nikAla. 1890 - pitAzrI rAghavajIbhAIno svargavAsa. pitAnI AjJA : mArI pAchaLa raDavuM nahIM. bhoMye utAravo nahIM. smazAnamAM aLagaNa pANIe nahAvuM nahIM. maraNa kharca karavo nahIM.' vagereno amala paNa karyo. 1891 - beDama sAhebe sametazikhara para carabInA kArakhAnA saMbaMdhamAM ApelA javAba pachI hAIkorTamAM apIla thaI tyAre kalakattA gayA. baMgALI bhASA zIkhyA ane aitihAsika dastAvejo rajU - papa ]> papa

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jyotirdharanI jIvana gAthA - karI 'A tIrtha jainonuM che evo cukAdo meLavyo. 1893 - jUna - pU. AtmArAmajI mahArAja cikAgo vizvadharma pariSadamAM jaI zake ema na hovAthI muMbaInA jaina saMghe zrI vIracaMda gAMdhIne mokalavA sarvAnumate TharAva karyo. sAthe eka mANasa madada mATe ApavAnuM paNa TharAvyuM. 1893 - oNgasTa - sTImara AsAma mAraphata amerikA tarapha prayANa. 1893 - sapTembara - cikAgo vizvadharma pariSadamAM jaina dharmanI rajUAta ane tA. 25/9/1894nA roja hindu darma paranA prahArano saujanyapUrNa pratyuttara. 1893-95 - (1) amerikAnAM judAM judAM zaheromAM jaina dharma viSe pravacano. 'skUla oNpha orienTala philosophI'nI sthApanA dvArA hindu, bauddha, jaina dharma ane bhAratIya saMskRti viSe vyAkhyAno. (2) zikAgomAM "An Unknown Life of Jesus Christ'nuM prakAzana. (3) laMDana AvyAM. laoNrDa renA pramukhasthAne yojela sabhAmAM bhAratIya tattvajJAna viSe vyAkhyAna. 1895 - svadezAgamana. AryasamAja, buddhivardhaka sabha vagere saMsthAonA upakrame pravacano ApyAM. 'hemacaMdrAcArya varganI sthApanA. 1895 - sapTembara-ajameramAM bharAyela 'dharma mahotsavamAM jaina dharmanA pratinidhi. 1896 - oNgasTa, 20, 21 - amerikAthI nimaMtraNa maLatAM dharmapatnI sAthe tA. 21nA roja pharI amerikA tarapha prayANa tA. 20nA roja zeTha premacaMda rAyacaMdanA pramukhasthAne zrI mAMgaroLa jaina saMgIta maMDaLI taraphathI mAnapatra. 1896 - bhAratamAM duSkALa paDyAnA samAcAra maLatAM amerikAmAM 'duSkALa rAhata samitinI sthApanA rUA.40,000 rokaDA ane anAja bharelA vahANanI bhArata tarapha ravAnagI. 1897 - zatruMjaya kesa saMbaMdhamAM IMglenDa gayA1899 - AMtararASTrIya vANijya pariSadamAM samagra eziyAnuM pratinidhitva. jasTisa mahAdeva goviMda rAnaDenA pramukhasthAne mAnapatra. tA. 23, sapTembara, 1899. 1901 - julAI - svadezAgamana. 1901 - oNgasTa 7, - 37 varSanI uMmare dehavilaya.

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jyotirdharanI jIvana gAthA -- pariziSTa - 3 (svanAma dhanya zrI vIracaMda gAMdhI amerikAmAM cikAgonI vizvadharma pariSadamAM upasthita thavA muMbaI choDI gayA ne cikAgo pahoMcyA pachI tyAMthI vigatavAra svahaste patra lakhyo hato. te zrI jaina zvetAmbara konpharansanA mukhapatra "jaina yuga'nA vi.saM. 1982nA caitra mAsa (i.sa. 1931)nA aMkamAM pragaTa thayo hato te atre rajU karyo che. - lekhaka cikAgo tA. 29 jAnyuArI, 1894 rA. rA. meherabAna zeThajI sAheba, dayAcaMdabhAI malakacaMdanI sevAmAM, muMbaInuM bAruM tA. 4 ogasTa, 1893nA roja choDayA pachI ApanA upara savistara patra huM lakhI zakyo nathI. kAraNa mAtra e ja ke A dezamAM kaMI paNa saMgIna, stutipAtra kAma karyA pachI Apane patra lakhuM to ja Apane AnaMda prApta thAya. A zaheramAM huM pAMca mahinA thayA chuM ane te daramiyAna Apa saMtoSa pAmo eTaluM kAma huM karI zakayo chuM. mATe have Apane savistara patra lakhuM chuM. - tA. 4 ogasTanA roja sTImara para jatAM pahelAM mesarsa thomasa phuka enDa sananI muMbaInI peDhI taraphathI sTImaranA kaptAna upara meM eka patra lakhAvI lIdho hato tenI nakala nIce ApuM chuM. Bombay, 4th August, 1893 The Commanding. Officers of the S. S. Assam and the S. S. Himalaya Dear Sirs, The bearer of this, Mr. Gandhi, a Hindu Gentleman of this city is en-route to Chicago and is going to observe - pa7 :

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- jyotirdharanI jIvana gAthA Hindu rites and customs on board so as not to interfere with his caste. He will feel much obliged, if you will be so kind as to give him a certificate on leaving your ships to the effect that he has not eaten food prepared by the ship's cook but by his own cook. Thanking you in anticipation, Yours faithfully, Thos. Cook & Son. upara mujabano patra laIne huM sTImara para gayo. tenI sAthe pI. enDa o. kaMpanI sAthe baMdobasta karyo hato ke sTImaranA alAyadA bhAga upara eka loDhAno cUlo rAkhavo. e cUlA mATe meM sadarahu kaMpanIne ekaso rUpiyA judA ApyA hatA. eDanathI bIjI sTImaramAM javAnuM hatuM ane e cUlo paNa amAre mATe khAsa bIjI sTImara para laI javAmAM Avyo hato. ekalA cUlA mATe so rUpiyA moTI rakama che paNa teno khulAso pI. o. kaMpanI nIce pramANe Ape che. mArI sAthe mI. navuM maMchAcaMda hato. ane rasoI vigere kAma mATe tenI jarUra hatI. e be divasa sudhI nathane phera Avyo * tethI ame rasoI karI zakayA nahIM. paNa aMte taMdurastI sArI rahevA lAgI. pahelAM be divasa sudhI amArI pAse mIThAI vagara khAvAnA padArtho ghA hatA. tenAthI ame calAvyuM. trIjA divase rasoI zaru karI. eDana pachI dariyo zAMta hato. tethI rasoI karavAmAM amane kazI aDacaNA paNa paDI nahIM. eDanathI bIjI sTImara himAlaya nAmanI hatI temAM ame beThA. pahelI sTImaranA kaptAne amane amArA khorAka saMbaMdhI sarTiphikeTa ApyuM che tenI nakala nIce pramANe che: * mI. nathu maMchAcaMda mahuvAnA vatanI hatA. ane zrI vIracaMda gAMdhInA rasoI vagere kAma mATe amerikA emanI sAthe gayA hatA. tyAM jAdUnA adbhuta prayogo karyA hatA. sumAra' sAmayikanA AtaMtrI ravizaMkara rAvaLe emanA jAdUnA prayogo bhAvanagaramAM jovA javAno ullekha emanI AtmakathAmAM karyo che. vizeSa vigato mATe meM saMpAdita karela pustaka "mahuvAnI asmitA" juo. 58 -

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jyotirdharanI jIvana gAthA Dear Sirs, In reply to your letter of date, I bag to inform you that a stove has been placed on board the "ASSAM" for the use of Mr. Gandhi and friend and I have written to the commander of the connecting ship at Aden to see that it is kept for their exclusive use. I note that they considered Rs.100/- a high charge but you will dountless have explained to them that the stove at some inconvenience to the ship and has to be transhipped at Aden, carried to London and brought back again. Bombay, 3rd August, 1893 M/s. Thos Cook & Son, Bombay. Peninsular & Oriental Steam Navn. Co. S. S. Assam, Aden, 11th August, 1893 I hereby certify that Mr. Gandhi, second saloon passenger on board this steamer has travelled from Bombay to Aden, during which time the has had no food prepared by any one on board but his own private cook. Yours faithfully, Superientendent eja pramANe sTImara himAlayanA kaptAne nIce mujaba sarTiphikeTa ApyuM che. 59 S. S. Himalaya, 18th August, 1893 This is to certify that Mr. Gandhi embarked on board this ship at Aden Ex Assam on the 11th August, 1893 and disembarked at Brindisi on the 18th August, 1893 during which time he only had meals cooked by his T. F. Creery Commander

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- jyotirdharanI jIvana gAthA - own cook receiving nothing cooked by any of the ship's company. Fred Buckland, Purser tA. 18mInA roja ame pahoMcyA. sTImara parathI utarI ame zaheramAM gayA ane laMDana pahoMcatA relagADImAM be divasa besI rahevuM paDe che tethI rastAmAM khAvA mATe mevo tathA phaLa kharIdI karyA. rastAmAM koI jagyAe rokAyA nahIM. phakta ITAlInA yurina zaheramAM amAre gADI badalavI paDI. tyAM be cAra kalAka rokAvuM paDayuM. tA. 20 ogasTanA roja ame laMDana pahoMcyA. brIMDIjhIthI mArA eka mitra upara meM agAuthI tAra mUkI jaNAvyuM hatuM ke amAre mATe alAyadu eka makAna bhADe rAkhe. laMDana pahoMcyA eTale ame ghera pahoMcyA ema lAgyuM. amerikAnI sTImara javAne cha divasanI vAra hatI. tethI amAre teTalA vakhata sudhI laMDanamAM rokAvuM paDyuM. - tA. 26 ogasTanA roja ame laMDanathI ravAne thaI sAudhApaTana gayA ane tyAMthI "pArisa" nAmanI sTImaramAM beThAM. A sTImaramAM amAre saMgAtha ghaNo sAro hato. laMDananI thiyosophikala sosAyaTInA pramukha mIsIsa enI besaMTa tathA sekreTarI mIsa myulara, alAhAbAdanI kaoNlejanA gaNitazAstranA prophesara sI. jJAnendranAtha cakravartI tathA bauddha dharmasabhAnA sekreTarI mI. dharmapAlae saghaLA cikAgonI dharmasabhA mATe pratinidhi tarIke jatA hatA. rastAmAM amAre temanI sAthe ghaNI ja sArI rIte vAtacIta thaI. temane jaina dharma saMbaMdhI kazI paNa mAhitI nahotI. paNa jyAre jaina dharmanA tatvo saMbaMdhI meM TUMkAmAM varNana ApyuM tyAre AvuM uttama tattvajJAna jaina dharmamAM che e jANI temane ajAyabI utpanna thaI. tenI sAthe teoe jaNAvyuM ke AvI uttama philosophInA pustako aMgrejImAM jenI loko prasiddha karatA nathI e ghaNI dilagIrInI vAta che. sAughAMpaTana ane nyuyorkanI vacce sTImaramAM mIsIsa enI besanTa

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- jyotirdharanI jIvana gAthA - be vakhata "karma' viSaya upara bhASaNa ApyA hatA. tA. 2 sapTembaranA roja ame savAranA ATha vAgatA nyuyorkanA baMdaramAM AvI pahoMcyA. gaMjAvara kadanI sTImaro baMdaramAM doDAdoDa karatI hatI. ekabAju e brukalIna nAmanuM nyuyorkanuM paruM hatuM. bIjI bAju e nyujarsI nAmanuM paruM che. vacamAM nyuyorka zahera che. ApaNA dezanA kinArA para utAruone potAno sAmAna sAthe laI kinArA para utaravuM paDe che tema ahIM karavuM paDatuM nathI. tamArI dareka peTI para tamAruM nAma lakhI sTImaranA mANasone sAmAna soMpI do eTale teo kinArA upara tamane dareka cIja banatI utAvaLathI ApI deze. amAro phUlasAmAna ame sTImaranA mANasone soMpI dIdho ane sTImara uparathI dezI pozAkamAM kAMThA upara utaryA. kAMThA upara ApaNI muMbaInI jANItI Tomasa phrekanI peDhInI atrenI nyuyorkanI zAkhAnA pratinidhi mI. hemIlaTana hAjara hatA. temaNe ghaNA viveka sAthe amane kahyuM ke teo amAru kazuM paNa kAma karavAne sevAmAM hAjara che. ame amAro sAmAna tapAsI lIdho. nyuyorka yunAITeDa sTeTasanuM bAruM che. tethI tarI jakAtano kAyado barAbara amalamAM mukavAmAM Ave che. tArI jakAtanA dasa-vIzA InsapekTaro tyAM hAjara hatA ane temane amAro sAmAna batAvyA sivAya amArAthI javAya tema nahotuM chatAM jema muMbaImAM grAnTaroDanA sTezana upara kasmaTamsa khAtAnA sIpAIo lokone apamAna bharelI rIte satAve che tema ahIM nahotuM. teoe amane pUchayuM ke jakAta ApavI paDe evo samAna amArI pAse hoya to temane jaNAvavuM.ame kahyuM ke amArI pAse tevo kazo sAmAna nathI. upara uparathI amAro sAmAna teoe tapAsyo ane pachI amane javA dIdhA. cikAgonI dharmasabhA taraphathI tenA sekreTarI mi. vilIyama pAIpa amane levA mATe baMdara upara AvyA hatA. e dharmasabhAnI janarala kamiTIe khAsa amArA mATe mi. pAIpane cikAgothI nyuyorka mokalyA hatA. teo amane maLyA. mi. viliyama pAIpa phakta 32 varSanA utsAhI. gRhastha che. zarIra ane taMdurastInI darakAra karyA vinA teoe pArlAmenTa opha rIlIjIyansa mATe athAga mahenata lIdhI che. amAro - 61 -

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- jyotirdharanI jIvana gAthA vicAra nyuyorka zaheramAM bilakula rokAyA sivAya tarata ja cikAgo. javAno hato. paraMtu mI. pAIpe kahyuM ke "tame 12000 mAIlanI musApharI karatAM ahIM AvyA cho mATe be divasa ahIM ArAma lo ane Aja zanivAra che paNa somavAranI sAMjanA ahIMthI ApaNe cikAgo tarapha ravAne thaIzuM." teoe amArA mATe makAnano agAuthI baMdobasta karyo hato. meM temane jaNAvyuM ke khorAkanI bAbatamAM amAro rivAja tame jANatA nahIM ho, ame uttama hiMdu tathA jaina loko sivAya bIjA koInA hAthanI rasoI jamatA nathI. mI. pAIpe kahyuM ke "tamArI anukULa paDe tevI rItano marajI mujaba baMdobasta karaze' phakta be divasa nyuyorkamAM rahevAnuM hatuM. tethI ame vicAra karyo ke phaLaphUla upara rahevuM vadhAre ThIka paDaze. mI. viliyama pAIpa cikAgonI dharmasabhAne kharace amAre mATe badho baMdobasta karavAne taiyAra hatA. paraMtu meM vicAra karyo ke jainadharmanI unnati mATe huM ahIM Avyo chuM tene prasaMge amerikAnA lokone mAre mATe kharaca karavo paDe e jo ke temane prazaMsanIya che. to paNa mArI zaktivAna jainakomane nAmozI bhareluM che tethI mI. pAIpane temanA uttama vicAra mATe upakAra bharelA zabdothI dhanyavAda ApI jaNAvyuM ke mAro tamAma kharcahuM pote ja ApIza. mI. pAIpa nyuyorkanI prakhyAta bransavIka hoTelamAM gayA ane huM tathA mI. natha broDave senTrala hoTelanA menejarane maLavA gayA ane ame menejarane jaNAvyuM ke amAre phakta be divasa nyuyorkamAM rahevuM che mATe amane teo eka oraDo bhADe Ape to ThIka. amane teoe eka IlAyado oraDo Apyo. amAro sAmAna e oraDAmAM mUkI ame bajAramAM gayA ane sapharajana, keLA, drAkSa, nAraMgI, jAmarUkha vagere phaLa kharIda karI makAna upara AvyA. sAMjanA pAMca vAgatA phaLAhAra karI mI. pAIpane maLavA mATe huM bransavIka hoTalamAM gayo. dharmasabhA saMbaMdhI temanI sAthe ghaNI vAtacIta thaI. pAMca sAta nyusa peparanA riporTaro tyAM hAjara hatA. teoe jainadharma tathA jaina phoma saMbaMdhI ghaNA ghaNA savAlo mane pUchayA. nyuyorkanuM prakhyAta vartamAna patra nAme "dhI varlDa' mAre mATe nIce pramANe kahe che : - 62 -

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- jyotirdharanI jIvana gAthA --- Mr. Virchand R. Gandhi said he belived he was the first member of the jain society that had been allowed to visit outside of India within two thousand years. "It is a tenet of our order," he continued, "that shoud a member break bread with Englishmen, he shall be excommunicated. The high priest and a gathering of the society selected me as a delegate to the religious congress at chicago. Other meetings denouced me for coming here. I am here and glad to be here. Gandhi is prohibited from touching meat of any kind. He does not know the taste of flesh. He is an exceedingly intellignet man and stands high in his order, bIje divase ravivAra hovAthI amAre kazuM agatyanuM kAma nahotuM tethI ame zahera jovA nIkaLyA. amerikAnA yunAITeDa sTeTasanuM pAyatakhta zahera vozIMgTana che, to vastI, udyoga, sAhasa, hunnara tathA sudhArAnI bAbatamAM nyuyorka A dezamAM prathama darajjo dharAve che. A zaherano vistAra 42 corasa mAIla che ane vastI samAre sattara lAkha che. duniyAnA dareka bhAganA loko ahIM vase che. AyalenDanA DabalIna zaheramAM jeTalA AIrIza loko rahe che tenA karatA vadhAre AIrIza loko nyuyorkamAM rahe che. baralIna sivAya jarmanI dezanA koI paNa zaheramAM jeTalA jarmana loko rahe che tenA karatAM vadhAre jarmana loko nyuyorka zaheramAM vase che. yunAITeDa sTeTasa AkhuM rAjya prajAsattAka hovAthI moTA amaladAro lokonI cUMTaNIthI nimAya che. nyuyorkano myunisipala kArobAra batrIsa membaro calAve che. e membarone loko cUMTe che. zaheranI vArSika Avaka sumAre karoDa rUpiyA che. A nyuyorka zaheramAM 26000 kArakhAnA che. temAM sADA traNa lAkha lokone rojI maLe che. teo dara varase 2300000000 rUpiyAno sAmAna banAve che. A zaheramAM 43 prasiddha thatAM vartamAnapatro che. 9 aThavADiyAmAM be vakhata prasiddha thatA. vartamAnapatro che. 221 aThavADiyAmAM ekavAra prasiddha thatAM -- 63 -

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- jyotirdharanI jIvana gAthA vartamAnapatro che ane 4 dara pakhavADiye prasiddha thanArA pepara che. mAsika copAniyA 394 che. dara be mahine prasiddha thatAM copAniyA 14 che ane dara traNa mahine chapAtA copAnIyA 21 che. nyuyorka zaheranuM varNana patra mAraphate jeTaluM lakhuM teTaluM ochuM che. ghaNuM karIne thoDA divasamAM gujarAtI muMbaI samAcAramAM nyuyorkanuM varNana huM lakhI mokalIza. tA. 4 ogasTa somavAranI sAMjanA nyuyorka senTrala enDa haDasana rivara relaroDanI TrenamAM ame cikAgo tarapha ravAne thayA. rastAmAM bAra kalAka sudhI nAyagarA dhodha jovAne mI. pAIpanA kahevAthI rokAyA. tA. 6 sapTembarathI Aja divasa sudhI dharma saMbaMdhI agatyanA banAvo banyA che. meM ghaNI jagyAe bhASaNo ApyA che ane hajI ApuM chuM. e badhI hakIkata ghaNA vistAra sAthe ApanA upara lakhavAno che. Apa ATalo lAMbo patra vAMcI kaMTALo pAmazo dhArI vizeSa hakIkata AvatA melamAM lakhIza. paraMtu cikAgomAM pAMca mAsa rahyA pachI ahInAM ane nyuyorkanA peparono tathA AgevAna lokono mAre mATe zo mata che te A sAthenA bukaposTa mAraphate mokalelA kAgaLamAMthI Apa jANazo. jaina dharma vize bhASaNo ApavA hajI huM eka mAsa Azare atre rahIza. vizeSa hakIkata AvatA melamAM lakhIza. lI. AjJAMkita sevaka vIracaMda rAghavajI 64

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jyotirdharanI jIvana gAthA pariziSTa - 4 Virchand Raghavji Gandhi, Esq., B.A, Member of the Royal Asiatic Society, Secretary to the Jain Association of India, President of the Hemchandra-acharya Study Class, & c., & c. BOMBAY Dear Sir, We the Members of the Mangrol Jain Sangit Mandali, are assembled here to-day to give expression in public to the high esteem and ardent admiration with which we all regard you for the incalculable benefits you have conferred upon our assembly by useful services and timely suggestions, as well as on the whole Community, on religious matters and many important and intricate questions connected with the affairs of our Sacred Places. We avail ourselves of this occasion, especially because only to-morrow you will be on your way to that Land where you went in 1893, as an accredited Delegate of the Jain Community, to represent the views on the Ethics and Philosophy of our Religion in the Parliament of Religions at Chicago. It was a matter of joy and satisiaction for us all that out of a few Indian Delegates of light and learning, who could compete with and hold their own against the foremost thinkers of Europe and America, you were the only person who was heard with rapt attention and accorded due praise. Your real work may be said to have commenced with the termination of the sittings of that grand Assembly, for it was then that invitations from persons of diverse views and various positions, coupled with the earnest solicitatious of Associations, Unions, and Clubs, began to pour in, which induced you to prolong your stay there. This brief sojourn 65 *

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jyotirdharanI jIvana gAthA you turned to the best account, by delivering many public lectures on the idea and aim of Jain Philosophy-nay, when on certain occasions the duty of representing the whole India devolved upon you, you discoursed on Indian. Philosophy in general, and succeeded to a great extent in dispelling doubts and misconceptions about the History, Morality and Religion of the Hindus, and thus lifted up the veil which screened real things from their gaze. Here, also, after your arrival you did not fail to embrace every opportunity to enlighten us on the manners, customs, and the educational systems of America, and your unremitted exertions have resulted in creating a zealous study of our Religion and Philosophy and the fomation of the Hemchandra-acharya Study Class. Rejoicing as we do at your second visit, we cannot but feel profound sorrow at the idea of separation from a person of your knowledge, ability, and simplicity. We however, console ourselves with the fact that what is loss to us is a substantial gain to our American Brother. Those of our Brethren on the other side of the Mississippi, who being far removed from the centres of your activity, could not share the pleasures of your company and addresses, will have now ample time to satisfy themselves. It will also be a boon and blessing to the enthusiastic students of Occult Philosophy, who paid you a well merited meed of honour by founding a Society of Philosophic Investigations in your name. We feel pride and pleasure to know that you will be accompanied by your devoted Wife, who will be a source of great help and comfort to you, and will afford our American Sisters, a good opportunity to form a correct idea of the nature, virtues, and responsibilities of an Aryan Lady. In conclusion Sir, we heartily wish you a bon royage, and pray that blessings may be strewn across your path, 66

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- relacizall ydq 011911 - and that your efforts in propounding and propagating the high principles of our noble Religion may be crowned with success, and hope that the revival of the glorious Past of the noble Land of the East, which was hailed with fervour in a dim and prophetic vision by that illustrious French writer Victor Hugo, is destined to take place in the soil of America, and that India and America, which have been already brought into contact by material civilization, will through our spiritual thoughts be united in more enduring and permanent bonds of Fraternity. As for ourselves, we shall be longingly looking forward for that day, when after mastering the great problem of the free education of the masses, you will return here and work for its introduction, for it is upon the solution of this problem alone that the future happiness of our country depends. BOMBAY We beg to remain, 20th August, 1896 DEAR SIR, Your Friends and Well Wishers, Amarchand Talackchand, Premchand Roychand, Honorary Secretary President of the Meeting; Motichand Devchand, President, for Members of the Mangrol Jain Sangit Mandali.

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jyotirdharanI jIvana gAthA pariziSTa 5 zrI dezI nATaka samAjanA sthApaka ane gurjara nATya kalAne ucca paMktipara mUkanAra sAkSara kavi DAhyAbhAI dhoLazAjI jhaverI ane paM. dAmodara kAnajIe prasaMgocita racela nIcenAM prazasti kAvyo atre sAdara che. (1) troTaka chaMda paramArthika tAraka madhyamaNI, vaLI durjana dhuaDa dInamaNI, vIracaMda sudhArmika caMdramaNI, jaya rAghavajI suta ratnamaNI vicarI dhIravIra videzabhaNI, paraNI kirati kamaLA ramaNI, ramaNIka prabhAvika pUjya ghaNI, jaya rAghavajI suta ratnamaNI kariyANaka tarka vitarka taNAM, matimAMdhathI bheLamaseLa ghaNAM, karI zuddha dharyA khUbI gAMdhI taNI, jaya rAghavajI suta ratnamaNI (2) thayA cho re pati teja pyArI e rAha. rahyA chore jina tattvaprakAzaka vIracaMda jhaLakI vIracaMda jhaLakI, gaganamAM vIracaMda jhaLakI, jaLasthaLamAM, paLapaLamAM, (be vakhata bolavuM) sarala sujana manapaMkaja khIlatAM vacana prabha nirakhI tattvasAgare bharatI karatI, caMdraprabhA khIlatI kaMI DubatA, nara taratA, (2) rahyo cho re. jinavacana sudhArasa pAna karatAM mukhamudrA malakI aMtaramAM AnaMda UbharAtAM visarI jAya viveka eka vIre, bahu dhIre (2) jinazAsana jaya jaya vartAvyo pAtra puruSa parakhI caDhatI cAle caMdra kaLAe dina pratidina vadhatI mana cakavA, kare bakavA, (2) re vIracaMda karI prasanna padminI pharajo najara harakhI 68 -- -- -- -- -- rahyA cho re. rahyA cho re. - rahyA cho re.

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- - jyotirdharanI jIvana gAthA -- (3) tribhaMgInI cAla lAja vadhArI kAja karI zubha, lAja vadhArI dharma taNI, samAja mahiM rahi saja meLavI mukti karI sau karma taNI. deza videza pharI bahu rIte, leza nahiM himata hArI, beza dharmanAM kArya karyA sau, veza dezano sau dhArI, dharma taNAM marmo samajAvI, karma tajAvyAM anna taNAM, videzanA loko nA thoke, paNa jene bahu zreSTha gayA. mAna meLavyuM jJAna daIne, sarva sthaLe jeNe bhArI, citta haryA bahu prita karIne, nIti banAvI bahu sArI. satkRtyo A saghaLAM nirakhI harakhI atIzuM aMtaramAMya, phusuma sugaMdhI gAMdhI tamane, sau sarve lene karamAya. (4) zikharINI vRttam varaM vIra dRSTava dinamaNisakAzaM guNanidhim masIdaMti prItyA hRdayamanizaM cAmaladdaSAM sadA tvAM pazyantI nirupamaguNaM sarvahRdam abhIvaMdatyuSmaccaraNayugalaM maMDalI sakhe! dAmodarAbhivohaM guNagaNarahito'pi sadguNaM prItyA mithyA paMDitanAmnaH prAthIte varNayAmi vIramaNe! - dAmodara kAnajI (5) (kSatrI kalaMka kema leze re - e rAha) premI dharmabaMdhu Apa nirakho, bahAdura jaina vIracaMda re; nirakhI e guNavAnane harakho, bahAdura jaina vIracaMdane. kevuM bacapaNanuM enuM jJAna, ba. becalara opha ArTsanuM mAna. ba. 2 bAda kIdho kAyadAno abhyAsa, ba. tethI tirthonA duzmano pAmyA trAsa. pagalAno kesa lorDa renI pAsa, ba. jItI zurasiMhane karyo nirAza. ba. 4 muMDakAmAM karyuM ejanTanuM kAma, ba. samajAvyo vaoNTasana dharI hAma. ba. 5 - 69 -

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- jyotirdharanI jIvana gAthA - makSIjImAM phakta pAmyA bhalI bhAta, ba. dIgambarInI e pAsa zI tAkAta ba. 6 moTo zikharajIno jItyo tuM keza, ba, mahAzAtanA TaLAvI teM haMmeza. ba. 7 emAM kaSTa te bhogavyA che apAra, ba. nahiM hiMmatamAM kacAza lagAra. ba. 8 ItyAdi aneka karI dharma kAma, ba. jaina maMtrI tarIke dIpAvyuM nAma. ba. 9 talakacaMda ne vIra premacaMda, ba. tane dekhI mAne jANe ugyo caMdra. ba. 10 hatI autpAtikI buddhi tArI khAsa, ba. temAM pANI venayikI gurU pAsa. ba.11 kAryaNIkI pAriNAmI thaI buddhi, ba. tethI mana vaca kAyAnI che zuddhi. ba. 12 AtmArAmajI gurUjInuM je kAma, ba. pratinIdhI tarIke karyuM tamAma. ba. 13 cIkAgomAM jaina dharmane dIpAvI, ba. rIlIjayana pArlAmenTane zobhAvI. ba. 14 amerikA deza che kadaradAna, ba. ema khAtarI karAvI teM nidAna. ba. 15 jaina dharmanoM bodha lIdho prIte, ba. gAMdhI sosAyaTI sthApI tevI rIte. ba. 16 kolambasanI jevI bhIDI teM hAma, ba. jaina dharmane dIpAvyo ThAma ThAma. ba. 17 iMdrionA bhoga tajI gAmo gAma, ba. upadeza ApI kIdhAM rUDAM kAma. ba. 18 jaina komamAM na dIse tArI joDa, ba. koNa karI zake tuja saMga hoDa. ba. 19 vilAyatamAM membara thayo cho tuM, ba. raoNyala ezyATika sosAyaTIno tuM. ba. 20 hemacaMdra zALA sthApi ahiM AvI, ba. jaina maMDaLane prIti upajAvI. ba. 21 krodha mAna mAyA lobhanI ochAza, ba. tethI mAna maLyA ThAmo ThAma khAsa.ba.22 dharma jyota pragaTAvo jaina vANi, suNI karo moTA punyanI kamANi. ba. 23 eno jaya jaya thAo ema gAvo, muLacaMdanA vacanano e lhAvo. ba. 24 tA. 20/8/1896 - mULacaMda nathubhAI* * mULacaMda nathubhAInA vArasadAro mATuMgA (se.relve)mAM rahe che. ane zrI mahAvIra jaina vidyAlayanA hAlanA maMtrI zrI ke. jI. zAhanA moTA sasarA che. - 70

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jyotirdharanI jIvana gAthA (6) vIracaMda vaDavIra, hamArA-vIracaMda vaDavIra rAghavajI zA suta dhIra-hamArA vIracaMda vaDavIra dharmAnurAgI bALapaNAthI (be vAra) -1 bI.e. taNI DIgrI laI AMhI dharmanI bAre tuM dhAyoja bhAI! sametazikhara pAlItANAdi mAMhI, pUrNa prayAsa karyo jazadAyI. (jaina esosiezana, opha InDiyAno) grahI maMtrIpada vaDavIra - hamArA vIracaMda ahIMthI amerikA dUra deze (be vAra) sarva dharma pariSadmAM padhArI; vaktRtva zakti vaDe teM sakhArI! jinavara zAsana zobhA vadhArI; kIdhAM anekane jina tattva dhArI. (dravya paryAya, lakSaNo samajAvI) gAMdhI guNavaMta gaMbhIra-hamArA vIracaMda muMbaI zahera vidhavidha pahere (be vAra) bhASaNa mahI bhUSaNone dIpAvyA, varga abhyAsa Adi bIja vAvyAM; patnIpati saha kuTuMbaja Aje, punaH pravAsa karaNa zubha kAje. yaza pAmo sAhasadhIra hamArA vIracaMda 71 -- vaDavIra 2 (sukharUpa nirvighnapaNe) vaDavIra 4 vaDavIra. 3

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- jyotirdharanI jIvana gAthA - caMdra caLakatA maLakatAja tamathI (be vAra) AnaMda azruthI Ama vadhAvI, prIta prakAze viyogano bhAvI; paNa amane maLazo vahelA AvI, TokarazI kahe ziza namAvI. (zAsana devatA sahAya raho) magaMLamaya zrI mahAvIra - hamArA vIracaMda vaDavIra 5 sabura sabura sabura (e rAga) vijaya vijaya vijaya vijaya, vijayavaMta vIracaMdra - dharmane gajAvanaro, priya bhrAta cho amAro, jaina dharmano tuM tAro - vijaya. dhanya mAta dhanya tAta, sva paradeza tuM vikhyAta magarUra che jaina sAtha - vijaya. sarasvatinI pUrNa sahAya, yaza guNa tArA gavAya, deza amerikAnI mAMhe-vijaya. jaina saMghamAM umaMga-patnI pati saMga raMga jaI jamAvo dharma jaMga - vijaya. phuzaLa kAya dIrgha Aya, kahe TokarazI phuTuMbamAMya maMgaLa varte sadAya - vijaya. tA.21/8/1896 - TokarazI neNazI

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- jyotirdharanI jIvana gAthA - [vIracaMda gAMdhInI keTalIka vizeSatAo che zrI vIracaMda gAMdhInI keTalIka vizeSatAo tarapha dhyAna ApavuM jarUrI che. eka to e ke teo saMskRtanA sArA abhyAsI hatA. tethI ja teo badhAM bhAratIya darzanomAM yogya caMcupAta karI zakyA; ane tethI ja temaNe amerikana krizciyAniTInA pracArako samakSa nirbhayapaNe sAcI Takora karI. emanI bIjI vizeSatA e ke teo jarmanI Adi dezomAM thayelA prauDha bhAratIya vidyAnA abhyAsIonA lakhANo pUrA dhyAnathI vAMcatA ane potAnA bhASaNonI taiyArImAM teno ghaTato upayoga paNa karatA.' tethI ja emanAM vyAkhyAno taTastha ane prAmANika lekhAyA che. trIjI) bAbata e che ke zrIyuta vI. Ara. gAMdhIno mahAtmAjI sAtheno sabaMdha. mahAtmAjIe muMbaImAM eka taraphathI kAyadAno abhyAsa zarU karyo ane bIjI tarapha khorAkanA akhatarA zarU karyA; te vakhate, teoe pote AtmakathAmAM (bhAga-2, prakaraNa 3, pRSTha 93) karela nirdeza pramANe zrI vIracaMda gAMdhI e akhatarAmAM joDAyA hatA. mahAtmAjIe potAnA smaraNAmAM A vAtano nirdeza na karyo hota to saurASTranA A be gAMdhIonA aMgata paricaya vize ApaNe kazuM jANI zakata nahIM. chelle vI. Ara. gAMdhInI eka sAhasavRttino ane bhAvi darzanano nirdeza karavo joIe. te e ke emaNe te kALe amerikAnA sarvasAdhAraNa janasamUha samakSa kaheluM ke, bhArata e atyAre paradezI eDI nIce dabAyela che. svataMtra hoya to mAtra dhArmika kSetramAM. paNa jyAre bhArata svataMtra thaze tyAre te hiMsaka mArge koI paNa deza upara AkramaNa nahIM kare; jANe ke A bhaviSya vANImAM mahAtmAjInA vicArono pasdho na saMbhaLAto hoya! tA. 24-12-1969 - paM. sukhalAlajI saMghavI - 73 - 73.

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reillaeza yao 011911 -- pariziSTa - 6 jyAre trIjI vakhata amerikAnA pravAse "zrI vIracaMdabhAI gayA. tyAre sva. nyAya mUrti mahAgoviMda rAnaDenA pramukhapaNA nIce judI judI komano ekatrita mahAna meLAvaDo thayo hato te vakhate temane aMgrejImAM mAnapatra arpavAmAM AvyuM hatuM - tenI nakala A pramANe che - To, Virchand Raghowji Gandhi, ESQ., B.A., M.R.A.S. Dear Brother, We, your friends and admirers, have assembled here to day to give expression to our sentiments of deep gratitute and high admiration, which we so sincerely cherish for you, in due appreciation of the invlauable and innumerable services, which you have so creditably rendered to the members of your Community and to the people of India in general, by fostering brotherly feelings in the hearts of the kind and courteous Americans for the people of our renowned India. We feel much satisfaction and pride to repeat that we find in you, only a representative of the Jain Religion, at the famous Parliament of Religions, held at Chicago, but at the same time, we find in you a most energetic and competent advocate of the cause of Indian Philosophy Disregarding the unavoidable inconveniences, which present themselves to an orthodox Hindu traveller scrupulously following the prescriptions of religion, while prosecuting noble work, which you have so cheerfully undertaken, you visited different parts of America and preached in lofty tones from public and private pulpits, the religious and philosophical tenets of Hinduism; and we are extremely glad to endorse the opinion of the American public and the press, that you have succeeded with all the moral triumph of a conscientious preacher, in awakening American interest and sympathies for the religion and philosophy of India, which has been so gloriously hailed 98]

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jyotirdharanI jIvana gAthA - by foreigners from times immemorial, as the Mother of Religions and the Cradle of Civilization. This, in itself is a sign, prophesying good for the Orient and the Occident. But your Mission did not end here; you next concentrated all your energies in a pitched battle against the giant of darkness assuming various forms and especially against lack of education among the women of this country, which is one of the saddest and most deplorable condition of Indian Society, and leading the van of most of the sympathetic and humane sisters of America you succeeded in founding an "International Society for the Education of Women in India," which Society, we are much pleased to hear, has sent three of our Hindu sisters to America, with the offer to maintain and educate them, for three years at the expense of the Society, so that they may be enabled to practically study how to become proper help-mates to their husbands and pioneers in the work of reforming our Society. We respectfully solicit your favour to convey to our American Sisters our feelings of the deepest gratitude for the noble help they have offered to our Indian Sisters, and also to convey our best sympathies and choicest blessings in their noble mission of patronizing female education in India. Equally precious are your services, during the recent famine of India, when you got enlisted, with your characterristic promptness, the sympathy of the kind-hearted Americans for the poorer masses, who were starving to death for want of sufficient food, and sent a ship to India, ladon with American maize for free distribution among the famine stricken people. These services, and these touches of your philanthropic disposition, we assure you, our dear brother, have rightly earned for you our leasting admiration and gratitude. The cause of vegetarianism is equally commanding our admiration-your numerous addresses so vividly portraying the excruciating pains and heart-rending agonies of the poor animals, writhing under the knieves of the heartless butchers, o gulo

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- gel farzo yao 011e11 - have reclaimed many flesh-eaters to the pure Hindu vegetarian diet and have taught them to respect the feelings even of the lower creation-an object lesson of spiritual life which India has still to preach and teach to most of the civilized nations of the world. Your strong protests against the misrepresentations by the American Missionaries of the Indian life and morals, your valuable advice, for the introduction of the American system of practical education in. Indian schools, your genuine desire to see our Indian students in England, paying particular attention of English arts and manufactures with the object of improving and promoting Indian industries, your contributions to the Indian press for drawing the attention of our educated youths to commercial fields that are open for them in England and America - these are some of the multifarious subjects that have held us in unspeakable wonder, and speak volumes for your sound judgement and.comprehensive abilities. This large and influential gathering rejoices to see that you are the first Hindu among the whole Hindu Community of India, to take your wife to America and to give a partial illustration of the life of an Indian Hindu woman to our sisters of the Western Hemisphere. A short stay of nearly two years of your son Master Mohan in America, and his training in an American Educational Institution, give us every hope that he will be a second Gandhi after you to pick up, with the greatest zeal and interest, the work which you have commenced so successfully of implanting "India in America." In conclusion, we wish you a hearty bon voyage to England and America and a happy return to our dear country after fulfilling your noble mission of preaching Oriental Philosophy. On behalf of the Friends and Admirers, assembled in a Public Meeting held at Novelty Theatre. BOMBAY, President Dated 23rd September, 1899 M. G. Ranade

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- jyotirdharanI jIvana gAthA -- | lekhaka paranA patromAMthI sAravIne) suMdara akSare lakhelo tA. 21/4no patra maLyo. zrI vIracaMdabhAI vize mane kazI mAhitI nathI. meM emane joelA nahIM. prathama jyAre te vakhatanA chApAomAM ke svAmI vivekAnaMdanA patromAM vAMcyuM hatuM ke zikAgo pariSadamAM Mr. Gandhi represented the Jains tyAre meM mAneluM ke dakSiNa AphrikAvALA karmavIra gAMdhI ja e haze. pachI jyAre 1915mAM zAti niketanamAM mahAtmAjInA parivAranA lokone maLyo tyAre jANyuM ke sana 1893mAM vizva dharma pariSadamAM gaelA gAMdhI te judA ja hatA ane emanuM nAma vIracaMda gAMdhI hatuM. tA. 22/4/1964 kAkAsAheba kAlelakara sannidhi, rAjaghATa, navI dilhI-1. zrI vIracaMda gAMdhI vize tamArA mata sAthe huM saMmata chuM. saurASTra gujarAtanI e vibhUti gaNAya ane e rIte emanA vize je kAMI karavA jevuM hoya te te thAya e IcchavA jevuM che. eka vAtamAM huM tamArAthI judo paDuM chuM. emanI janmazatAbdI athavA emanA sanmAnamAM je kAMI karavA jevuM hoya e lokoe karavuM joIe. sarakAra emAM madadagAra banI zake paraMtu prAraMbha pratiSThita saMsthAoe ke vyaktioe karavAno rahe che. sarakAra e rIte AvuM kAma potAnA hAthamAM laI zake nahIM. vivekAnaMda ke TAgora vize bIjI rIte thayuM hoya to paNa mArA mata pramANe prajA taraphathI AvI pravRtti thAya e ja ISTa che. A rIte gujarAtI sAhitya pariSada, gujarAtI sAhitya sabhA, gujarAta, vidyAsabhA evI koI saMsthA, mahuvAnA loko ke gujarAta-saurASTranA loko sAthe maLIne zrI vIracaMda gAMdhI, zrI karazanadAsa muLajInuM ke evI je bIjI vyaktio thaI gaI hoya. temanuM bahumAna karavAnuM icche te jarUrI che. rAjya e kAma hAthamAM le e zakya nathI, iSTa paNa nathI. rAjya prajAkIya pravRttine madadagAra thAya e iSTa che ane iSTa gaNAya. sacivAlaya, baLavaMtarAyanA vaMde mAtaram tA. 27/4/1964 mukhyamaMtrI, gujarAtarAjya amadAvAda-15. ApaNAM samAjamAM mahAna gaNAtI vyaktionA jIvana saMbaMdhI khUba ja aMdhera pravarte che ane tene pariNAme caritra lakhanArane pArAvAra muzkelIono anubhava karavo paDe che. te to jene vItyuM hoya te ja samajI zake. chatAM kAryane pAra pADavA icchanAre hiMmata rAkhI emAMthI ja rasto kADhavAno rahe che. e daSTie jUnA sAmayika-patronI phAIlo meLavI. temAMthI maLI zake teTalI hakIkatane tAravI laI teno upayoga karazo. - 77 ]

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- jyotirdharanI jIvana gAthA - vA. mo. zAha ane vIracaMdabhAI gAMdhI - eo banne samakAlIna hatA. chatAM eka vAta dhyAnamAM rAkhavA jevI che te e che vIracaMdabhAIe to sane 1893mAM cikAgonI dharmapariSadamAM jaina tatvajJAnano vijaya vAvaTo pharakAvyo hato, jyAre vA. mo. zAhe to sane 1898 thI ja lekhana pravRtti zarU karI hatI ema hoI emanI e samakAlInatAno nahi jevo meLa maLI rahe che. vA. mo. zAhe vIracaMdabhAI saMbaMdhI kaMI vizeSa lakhyuM hoya evuM mArI jANamAM nathI. temanI vacce patravyavahAra paNa bhAgye ja thayo haze. chatAM jaina hitecchu te saMbaMdhI je kAMI maLI zakaze te zodhI kADhIne tamone mokalI ApIza. tA. 14/5/1964 tribhuvana vIrajIbhAI hemANI 2, zrInagara sosAyaTI, saMpAdakaH vA. mo. zAha mahAtmA gAMdhI roDa, sAhitya prakAzana goregAva, muMbaI-62. zrI vIcaMda gAMdhIne maLela meDala - caMdraka - - - 9

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- jyotirdharanI jIvana gAthA - saMdarbhasUci pustako 1) Jain Philosophy - By Virchand R. Gandhi 2) Karma Philosophy - By Virchand R. Gandhi 3) Yoga Philosophy - By Virchand R. Gandhi 4) An Unknown Life of Jesus Christ Translated from French to English by Virchand R. Gandhi 5) savIryadhyAna 6) The History of World's Parliament of Religious By J. H. Barrows 7) Neely's History of World's Parliament of Religious By Neely 8) mohanalAlajI ardhazatAbdI graMtha, prakaraNa 16 9) jainAcArya AtmAnaMda janmazatAbdI graMtha : gujarAtI (Itara) vibhAga 10) AcAryazrI vijayavallabhasUri smAraka graMthA 11) mahAjana maMDaLa, prathama darzana 12) mArA satyanA prayogo 13) Selected Speeches of Virchand R. Gandhi published by Vijay Vallabhsuri Smarak Nidhi 14) jaina sAhityano saMkSipta ItihAsa-le. mohanalAla dalIcaMda desAI 15) mAlaNanA kinAre - saMpAdaka : pannAlAla ra. zAha 16) sva. vIracaMda gAMdhInuM jIvanacaritra - le. kAMtilAla upAdhyAya 17) The Six Systems of Indian Philosophy By Virchand R. Gandhi 18) zrImad rAjacaMdra sana 1893 kI vizvadharma pariSada aura jaina dharma / lekhaka : prA. pRthvIrAja jaina 20) jaina sAhitya samAroha, guccha 2 21) mahuvAnI asmitA - saMpAdaka : pannAlAla ra. zAha 98). - 79 -

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- jyotirdharanI jIvana gAthA - sAmayiko navacetana, julAI ane sapTembara, 1964 buddhiprabhA, oNgasTa, 1964 (janmazatAbdI vizeSAMka) jaina zvetAmbara kaoNnpharansa heralDa, pustaka 10-11, oNkTobara, navembara, 1914 phumAra, oNgasTa, 1939 jainayuga, 1933nA varSanI phAIla buddhiprakAza, oNgasTa, 1964 jaina dharma prakAza, pustaka 12muM, aMka 7 Aso, vi.saM. 1952 jaina (sAptAhika) janmazatAbdI vizeSAMka, oNgasTa, 1964 niyAnaMda, ma, 1964, masta, 1664 - zatAbdI vizeSAMka zrI vIvRMda gAMdhIne maLela meDala - caMdraka CHAVO RAGNA 1 PAS .

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janma pannAlAla rasikalAla zAha : vi.sa. 1996nA jeTha suda 9 tA. 14mI jUna 1940 taLAjA ji. bhAvanagara mULavatana : mahuvA ji. bhAvanagara abhyAsa : bI.koma.(mATuMgAnI Ara.e. podAra kolejaopha komarsa enDa Ikonomiksa. muMbaI yunivarsiTI phAInala sI.e. lo grupa me-1967 InsTiTayuTa opha cArTarDa ekAunTasa sAhityika prakAzita graMtho : saMpAdana : (1) mahuvAnI asmitA (2) ardhI sadInA Are (saMvardhita) (3-4) jaina sAhitya samAroha : guccha-1ane 2 (5) samaya ciMtana (6) tattva vicAra ane abhivaMdanA (7) savIrya dhyAna (8) mANasanA kinAre kavitA : smita karyuM nA hota ! vivecana : zabdanAM ovAraNAM jIvana caritra : (1) jyotirdharanI jIvanagAthA (saMvardhita) (2) vIracaMda rAghavajI spaMdana ane saMvedana (presamAM). sthApaka taMtrI : ghoghArI jaina darzana'-phebruArI 1978thI sapTembara 1979, 'ghoghArI jaina samAcAra', phebruArI 1996 thI okTobara 1997 vidyAlaya' saMpAdakA : 'prabuddha jIvana' saMpAdana : navembara 1981 thI jAnyuArI 1987 sAmAjika : (1) zrI mahAvIra jaina vidyAlaya vyavasthApaka samitinA sabhya i.sa. 1976 thI 1988 sudhI cUMTAyelA sabhya. tyArabAda kAyamI sabhya. (2) zrI muMbaI jaina yuvaka saMghanA mAnada maMtrI I.sa. 1970 thI 1987 ane 1992 thI 1995 koSAdhyakSa (3) zrI saMyukta jaina vidyArthIgRha, koSAdhyakSa I.sa. 1980 thI 82. ane tyArabAda kArobArI samitinA sabhya (4) jayabhikhkhuM sAhitya TrasTanA 1986 thI saMyojanaka (5) gujarAta vizvakoza TrasTanA 1992 thI saMyojaka (6) gujarAtI sAhitya pariSadanI madhyastha samitinA binaharIpha cUMTAyelA sabhya (7) mahuvA yuvaka samAja muMbaInA 1988 thI 1991 maMtrI (8) zrI gujarAta keLavaNI maMDaLa saMcAlita gaMbhIracaMda umedacaMda zAha vyAkhyAnamALAnA ane upanagaronI vyAkhyAnamALAnA ko.orDineTara (9) maMtrI, jaina sAhitya samAroha (10) saMyojaka, akhila bhAratIya ghoghArI vizAzrImALI jaina yuvaka pariSada mArca 1980 (11) TrasTI, gaMgotrI saMskAra tIrtha, mAnapura(12) zrImatI ema.ema.pI.zAha mahilA koleja khI megejhina kAunsilanA sabhya 6.7 6 - 980