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SEN: SCHOOLS AND SECTS IN JAIN LITERATURE
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confusing him with Acelaka Kasspa, a different person. Kasspa's idea is that the soul is passive and not affected by good or bad deeds.58
Śāśvatavādins (Eternalists)
In the opinion of another philosopher59 the world is boundless and eternal and it exists from eternity and does not perish. Harşakula and Silanka say that the eternal aspect of the universe means, according to this view, that it has no destruction and that the natural order of things is immutably fixed-one who is a male now will ever be such hereafter, one who is a female will always continue to be such and so on.
Puranists
,60
Another philosopher says that the world is limited but eternal. This view is ascribed by Harşakula and Silanka to Vyasa, for Vyasa says that the world consists of seven islands.
The Upanisads
The view is said to be held by some fools that as the earth, though it is but one pile, presents many forms, so the intelligent principle, viz., the atman, appears under various forms as the universe.61 That the world is created is said to be an error committed by some philosophers.62
58. See Barua: A History of pre-Buddhistic Indian philosophy, p. 278. The Buddhist version is an exaggerated account of Kasspa's views. Although at first sight it appears like Nästika-vada, it is not so as a perusal of Ajita Kesakambali's views would show-Ajita's being true Nastikavāda.
59. Sut.S. I.i.4.6.
60. Sut.S. I.i.4.6.
61. Sut.S. I.i.1.9.
62. Sat.S. I.i.3.9. Cf Katha Up. II.v.9.12.
