Jainism

Author(s): Vallabh Smarak Nidhi
Publisher: Vallabh Smarak Nidhi

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They were so antagonistic in approach that some ancient scholars regarded their opposition as eternal, like that between a serpent and a mongoose or a cow and a lion.?
The old Shramanic culture included the doctrines accepted by the Jains, the Buddhists, the Sankhyas and the Ajivakas. The Sankhyas have entered the Vedic fold, the Ajivakas are found no more and only Jains and Buddhists may now be regarded as representatives of this cul. ture. Prof. A. N. Upadhye describes it as.
an indigenous system of thought; call it for convenience the Magadhan religion, which was essentially pessimistic in its worldly outlook, metaphysically dualistic if not pluralistio, animistic and ultra-humane in its ethical tenets, temperamentally ascetic, undoubtedly accepting the dogma of transmigration and the Karma doctrine, owing no racial allegiance to the Vedas and Vedic rites, subscribing to the belief in individual prefection and refusing unhesitatingly to accept a creator.
7 Patanjali; Mahabhashya on the panini Sutras, 2, 4, 9.
8 A. N. Upadhye : Pravachada gara, Preface, p. 12,