Book Title: Jaina Philosophy Historical Outline
Author(s): Narendra Nath Bhattacharya
Publisher: Munshiram Manoharlal Publisher's Pvt Ltd New Delhi
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Introduction 19
Thāṇa (Sthāna) is a list of dogmatic topics, cases or possibilities, each grouped under ten items.1 Samavāya or the fourth Anga is a supplement of and a continuation to Thana. In one of its appendices, the Samavaya deals with the nature of the twelve Angas, in another with the qualities of beings, while in a third the dates of the spiritual and temporal heroes.2 The Viyahapannatti (Vyākhyāprajñapti, also known as Bhagavati) contains a picture of Mahavira's character and activities. It is a proclamation of explanations given by Mahāvīra as answers to individual questions asked by disciples and by far in most cases directed to Goyāma. The Nāyādhammakahão (Jñātadharmakathā, not Jñātṛ) consists of didactic tales, 19 in number. The second part of this work deals with the fate of a nun who was reborn as the goddess Kali. The Uväsagadasão (Upāsakadaśā) is concerned with the pious laymen in Mahāvīra's time. Here an interesting account of Mahāvīra's rivalry with Gośāla is also given.5 The Antagadadasão (Antaḥkṛd-daśā) contains legends dating from the time of Aritthanemi and deals with individuals who put end to existence. Likewise the Aṇuttarovavaiyadasão (Anuttarapapädikadaśa) deals with legends of persons who were reborn in uppermost heavens." The Paṇhāvāgaraṇāim (Praśnavyākaraṇāni) describes the good and bad effects respectively of observing and not observing the vows. The title means questions and explanations but it is justified neither by the contents nor by the survey given. The eleventh Anga Vivagasuya (Vipakaśruta) describes the consequences of Karma which generally are expected to be evil ones. The last of twelfth Anga Ditthivāya (Dṛṣṭivāda) is now entirely lost.
Of the twelve Urangas, the Uvavaiya is divided into two parts, the first of which describes the preparations made for the approach of Mahāvīra and the sermon he was going to deliver before king Kuniya, while the second part deals with reincarnation and salvation
1Ed. in Ag. Sam, III, 1880; with Sans. and Prak. Com., with Abhayadeva's com. AGS, 1918-20.
'Ed. in Ag. Sam., IV, 1880, AGS. ed. 1918.
'Ed. AGS, 1918-21, 3 vols. Weber in MBA (1865), pp. 367-444 (1866), pp. 155
352.
'Ed. AGS, 1916, cf. P. Steinthal and W. Huttemann in sec. II.
"Ed. and Eng. tr. A.F. R. Hoernle, BI, 1885-88, AGS. ed. 1920. 'Ed. AGS, 1920, Eng. tr. Barnett 1907.
'Ed. AGS, tr. Barnett 1907.
Ed. AGS, 1919, cf. Weber in IS, XVI, pp. 326ff. 'Ed. AGS, 1920.
