________________
108
TREATMENT OF INTERVOCALIC CONSONANTS.-The tendency of the Prakrit dialect, preserved in Pravacanasara, is more towards the preservation of intervocalic (or as Hemacandra calls them non-initial and non-conjunct) consonants sometimes in their original and sometimes in their softened form, than towards total elision leaving behind only the constituent vowel.
Pravacanasara
Intervocalic k. is generally softened into g: adhiga-adhika (III, 66), khāigakṣayika (1, 50), guṇappagani-guṇātmakāni (II, 1), pattega - pratyeka (1, 3), logaloka (I, 16), logiga - laukina (III, 53), samagam - samakam (1, 3), at times it is elided making place for ga-kruti if possible by the nature of its position or leaving behind simply the constituent vowel: ajjhāvaja adhyāpaka (I, 4), ahiyam-adhikam (III, 70), khaiyam - kṣāyikam (I, 47), [p. 113:] titthayara tirthakara (1, 2), lojāloja - lokāloka (1, 23), sajala-sakala (1, 54), sāvaja-rävaka (III, 50); and scarcely it is retained: adhika (I, 19). Its presence in words like anjali-karanam (III, 62), bamdha-karanam (I, 76) is due to its positional advantage that it is initial of the second member of the compound. The svarthe k is not found in plenty as in Apabhramda, and its treatment is likewise: appagam-atma(-kam) (1, 79), mamsugam - śmaśru(-kam) (III, 5), saga-pariņāma sva(-ka)-pariņāma (II, 75).
Intervocalic g is retained: agama (III, 35 etc.), bhogehim- bhogaiḥ (1, 73), roga (III, 52), vigada-rago- vigata-rāgaḥ (I, 14).
The general tendency appears to be towards retaining intervocalic e: ayadacara-ayatacara (III, 17), alocitta-alocya (III, 12), maṇavacikaya-manovākkāya (II, 54 *3), locâvassaja- locâvasyaka (III, 8), vimocido vimocitaḥ (III, 2); sometimes it is dropped: alojaṇa-alocana (III, 12), pavajana pravacana, cp. Pali pävacana, while in AMg. both pavagaṇa and pāvajaṇa.
Intervocalic j is very often preserved: kammarajehim- karmarajobhiḥ (II, 96), tejo - tejas (I, 19), pūjāsu (I, 69), bijāṇīva - bījānīva (III, 55), sahajehim- sahajaiḥ (1,63); at times it is dropped: kammarayam-karmarajas (II, 95), bhojaya-bhojana (III, 8), maņuja-manuja (1, 6); the form maņuva-manuja (1, 85; III, 55) appears to be contaminated with the form manava, or it may be even a case of va-śruti as in Pali su a suka.2
Intervocalicis changed to d: uppädida-utpățita (III, 5), koḍīņam kotinām (III, 29 *19, also III, 38).
Normally and pretty often intervocalic is changed to d: idi- iti (III, 25), ghādi-ghäti (1, 19), căduvvaṇṇassa-cāturvarṇasya (III, 49), jadiņam-yalīnām (II, 97), jadhajada-rūvajādam - yathājāta-rūpajätam (III, 5), devada- devatā (I, 68), padi-pati (1, 16), mohâdiehim-mohâdikaiḥ (II, 56), even du- tu (II, 36); at times it is dropped: assaya-atisaya (I, 13), eyam-etat (III, 75), ghai-ghäti (1, 1), pariņai-pariņati (II, 77). With regard to the retention, change or elision of t MSS. are not in agreement, as it can be very easily seen from the list of v.l. given at the end. This uncertain value of t upsets the p. p. forms to a great extent which are seen sometimes with d and sometimes with y. From the various readings the general impression would be that Jayasena's text is perhaps under Mähäräṣṭrt
1 Geiger: Pali L. Spr., p. 53.
2 Ibid. p. 55.
Jain Education International
For Private & Personal Use Only
www.jainelibrary.org
