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Introduction
[p. 116:] TREATMENT OF CONJUNCT CONSONANTS.-Just to have a glimpse of the treatment of conjunct consonants, initial as well as medial, some typical cases from Pravacanasara are put together here: itthi-stri (I, 44), gilāṇa-glāna (III, 30) gilana in Pali, caga- tyaga (III, 20), chudha-kṣudhā (III, 52) khudha in Pali,1 pāņam - jñānam (1, 19), piddha- snigdha (II, 71) Bhasa has sividdha, thavarasthāvara (II, 90) phāso (v.l., paraso) - sparśaḥ (I, 56) Bhāsa has parisa,3 mamsuga == imairu (-ka) (III, 5). Then some cases of assimilated, non-initial conjuncts may be noted: ajjhattha - adhyatma (?) (III, 73), attha and attha = artha (I, 10, 18, 26, etc.), appā - ātmā (I, 7; II, 33), ädä-ätmä (1, 8; II, 33), ussäsa-ucchväsa (III, 38). This form-ussasa is in the mouth of Viduşaka in the fragments of Asvaghosa's dramas, and Dr. Lüders calls it a form of Old Sauraseni. chaddiya-chardità (III, 19), the form vicchaddams occurs in the fragments of Asvaghosa's dramas, and it is regarded as a Saurasent feature; taccam-tativam (II, 16), taccaṇhu- tattvajñaḥ (II, 105), damsaya-darsana (II, 100), dhovva (v. I., dhaivva)-dhrauvya (II, 8), pakkhiņapraksina (I. 19), pajjaya and pajjāya-paryaya (I, 10; II, 1), poggala or puggalapudgala (I, 34; II, 40; II, 76), puvva-purva (II, 47) Pali pubba. Bhasa has puruva, and Hema. requires purava in Sauraseni, mähappam-mähätmyam (1, 51), vacchaladavatsalata (III, 46), Vaḍdhamaṇa- Vardhamana (1, 1), savvanha-sarvajñaḥ (1, 16), samthana-samsthāna (II, 60). The simplification of a conjunct is, at times, achieved, by anaptyxis: arahamta-arhan (1, 3), ariho-arhan (I, 68*3), kiriyä - kriya (I, 21; II, 24), chadumattha-chadmastha (III, 56), daviya-dravya (II, 62), pariyamtaparyanta (II, 40), rajapa- ratna (1, 30) another reading is radana: Bhasa has both these forms; viriya-virya (1, 2), suhuma - sūkṣma (II, 75; III, 17*2, 24*12; once suhama III, 24°11).
DECLENSION. To have some idea of the morphological scheme of the dialect of Pravacanasara, some typical forms are noted here; Masculine nouns, Singular: Nom. dhammo (1, 7); Acc. uvadesam (I, 88); Inst. kälena (III, 75), guruna (III, 7); Dat. piggamatthae(?) (III, 17*1); Abl. carittãdo (I, 6, see II, 37 for similar forms); Gen. bhāvassa, (II, 92); Loc. loge (1, 68); dāņammi (I, 69), cariýamhi (I, 79). In Pali we have dhamme, dhammassins and dhammamhi, and the Girnar edict of Asoka has Loc. sg. in -amhi. Plural: Nom. samaṇā (III, 10), isino (1, 33); Acc. titthayare (1, 2), mohadi (I, 79); Inst. vihavehim (1, 6), öggahādihim (I, 59), and sometimes without anusvára; Gen. surāņam (I, 71), sāhāṇam (I, 4); Loc. suhesu (I, 62). Neuter nouns; Singular: davvam (1, 8); Acc. jagam (I, 29); Loc. jagadi (1, 26); Plural: [p. 117:] rāvāni (1, 28), lingāni (1, 85). Some typical forms of feminine nouns. may be noted: Nom. sg. devada (I, 68), sampatri (1, 5); Acc. sg. tanham (1, 74);
1 Geiger: Pali L. Spr., p. 67.
2 Printz: B.P., p. 12.
3 Ibidem p. 12.
4 Lüders: Bruchstücke Buddhistischer Dramen, p. 45.
5 Ibidem p. 47.
6 Printz: B. P.., pp. 5 and 13.
7 Ibid. p. 12.
8 Geiger: Pali L. Spr. p. 79.
9 Woolner: Asoka Text and Glossary, part I, p. xxi.
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