Book Title: Jain Rup Mandan
Author(s): Umakant P Shah
Publisher: Abhinav Publications

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Page 151
________________ 138 : Jaina-Rupa-Mandana nātha temple is a big sculpture of this Jina sitting in the padmāsana. In the Indian Museum, Calcutta is an image of this Jina obtained from Gwalior and assigned to c. 10th-11th century A.D. Lucknow Museum no. 0.122 is a sculpture of standing Padmaprabha dated in A.D. 1149 and obtained from Chhattarpur. Kamtaprasad Jaina has noted a sculpture of Padmaprabha, from Urdamau, M.P., standing in the kayotsarga posture, and dated in the year equal to 1114 A.D.910 There is a sculpture of standing Padmaprabha in temple 1 at Devgadh. There is a sculpture of standing Padmaprabha from Narwar in the Shivpuri Museum, M.P. The Jina stands on a lotus placed on a simhāsana in the centre of which is a miniature figure of a Siddha or a Tirthankara in padmasana, dhyana mudrā and below him is the dharmacakra. The cognizance of the Jina is at the lower end of the sculpture, below the dharmacakra. On each side of the Jina stands a câmaradhara. Above the Jina is the triple-umbrella with an elephant on each side, and on top of the chatra is a kalasa. On each side of the head of the Jina is a celestial mālädhara. Almost all the sculptures of standing Tirthaókaras from Narwar in the Shivpuri Museum are of this type. Rock-cut figures of Padmaprabha are available in Caves 8 and 9 at Khandagiri (Fig. 54). The yaksi of this jina is carved separately below him in cave 8. Mohapatra has published a sculpture of Padmaprabha from a Jaina temple in Cuttack.910 A sculpture on the wall of a rock-cut cave at Kuppalanatham in the Madurai district, Tamil Nadu, shows the Jina seated in the ardha-padmāsana under a triple umbrella and on a simhasana with figures of two lions at the ends and a lotus in the centre. Two male flywhisk-bearers stand by the sides of the Tirthankara. On the left side of this sculpture is carved another separate sculpture representing Mahavira. In the south, the cognizance is carved generally in the central compartment of the pedestal while in the compartments at the two ends are figures of lions of the simhäsana. These two lions at the ends face different directions while the lion in the centre faces the worshipper. Sometimes all the lions might face the worshipper. But in all such cases when there is a central lion figure we feel that the sculpture is to be identified as representing Mahavira whose cognizance is the lion. On this analogy when in the centre we find a lotus we prefer to regard the sculpture as representing Padmaprabha. Unfortunately in sculpture we often find the Wheel of Law carved like an open petalled lotus as we find on pedestals of some of the sculptures at Rajgir etc. But in the south the practice of carving the dharmacakra in the central part of the pedestal or the simhasana is hardly seen. In the Bhandara Basti set, and the Suttalaya set at Sravana Belagola and in the sets at Müdabidri and Venûr in Karnataka we find sculptures of this Jina with attendant figures of the Puspa (Kusuma) yakşa and Manovega yakşi and the lotus cognizance. In cell 20 of Pārsvanatha Temple at Kumbharia is preserved the pedestal of a sculpture of Padmaprabha which shows that the image was installed by merchant Sajjana in samvat 1259 - 1202 A.D. Similarly, in the devakulikā no. 7 in the Sāntinātha temple at Kumbharia was installed a sculpture of Padmaprabha in v.s. 1146=A.D. 1089 (Visālavijaya, op. cit., pp. 132, 147). Inscription no. 6, Vimala Vasahi, Abu, on one of the two big metal images in the gūdhamandapa of the shrine shows that this image of Padmaprabha was installed in samvat 1550 - A.D. 1493 by Mantris Alhana and Molhana of Prāgvāta caste. The figure is a big single Jina-image without any parikara ( Muni Jayantavijaya, Sri-ArbudaPrācina-Jaina-Lekhasamdoha, p. 11). In Cell 24 of Vimala Vasahi there is a sculpture of Padmaprabha with full parikara. Minister Dhanapala, son of Mahāmatya Pșthvipāla in the lineage of Nedha, the elder brother of Vimala Säha, installed images of Santinatha (in Devakulika 24, Vimala Vasahi), Rsabhadeva (in cell 23. same shrine), Sambhavanātha (in cell 25), and Abhinandana (in cell 26, same shrine), in v.s. 1245=A.D. 1198 (Inscriptions nos. 98, 95, 100, 103 of Jayantavijaya, op. cit.). Nämaladevi, wife of Minister Prthvipāla, installed an image of Sri Padmaprabha (in cell 28) and Srimäladevi, wife of Jagadeva, elder brother of Dhanapala, gave an image of Supärśva (cell 29), and Rupiņi, wife of Minister Dhanapāla, installed an image (bimba) of Sri Candraprabha, in the same year, according to inscriptions nos. 104, 106, 108 and 109 respectively. In many cells in the Vimala Vasahi and the Lunavasahi at Abu, and in the temples at Kumbharia, the original sculptures installed are lost and only the simhäsanas or the pedestals Jain Education International For Private & Personal Use Only www.jainelibrary.org

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