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Jaina-Rupa-Mandana padmasana. There is a row of four sitting miniature Jina figures on the top which makes this a Pañcatirthika sculpture. On the right end of the simhasana, where usually the yakşa figure is shown, we find a figure of the deer lañchana while on the corresponding left end is a figure of a devotee. The sculpture dates from c. ninth century A.D. The Jina is obviously Santinātha. Here the dharmacakra is not flanked by two deer and the deer cognizance is shown separately.
No. G.308, Lucknow Museum is a pedestal of a sculpure of Santinātha. The Jina figure is lost. The dharmacakra is flanked by two decr which suggests the identification. This is supported by a figure of the yakşi carrying lotuses in her two upper bands and the pot in the left lower hand. She is Nirvāņi, the yakși of Santinātha.
A sculpture of Santinātha standing, from Vaibhāragiri, Rajgir, belongs to the post-Gupta period. The Jina has a simple parikara consisting of a chatra, two celestial garland-bearers, and two standing câmarad haras. There is no prabhamandala but the uşnişa on the head of the Jina as also the circular tilaka-mark on his forehead are noteworthy. The Jina stands on a full-blown lotus on the right side of which is seen a figure of a deer on the pedestal. The figure on the left also appears to be the deer cognizance of Santinātha.
Bruhn has referred to an image of a standing Jina from Dudahi,191 assignable to c. tenth cent. and of Digambara tradition, with the two deer on two sides of the dharmacakra. Of about the same period is the figure of a Jina in padmasana in the mandapa of the Maladevi shrine, Gyaraspur, M.P., with the deer cognizance and four-armed yaksa and yaksiņi. This is a Pañca-tirthika image referred to by Tiwari. 192
All the Devgadh Jaina images are of the Digambara sect. The mulanayaka in the sanctum of Temple 12, Devgadh, is an image of Santinātha in the kāyotsarga mudrā. Two images of Säninátha in Temple 4, dating from c. eleventh century, show hair-locks on shoulders. About five figures of Santinātha at Devgadh are in the kāyotsarga mudra. Bruhn's fig. 146, from Temple 17, now shifted to the Dharmaśālā at Devgadh, is a beautiful sculpture of Santi sitting in padmasana on a cushion below which are figures of the planets. The deer cognizance is shown in the centre of the throne. Bruhn's fig. 228 is a seated image of Santinātha dated in v.s. 1052995 A.D. Bhagchandra Jaina in his Devgadh ki Jaina Kala (Hindi, 1974), p. 75, describes an image of Santinātha in padmāsana in Devgadh Temple 13. Bruhn's figs. 235-236 show the Jina in a standing attitude.
Nos. K.39 and K.63 in the Khajuraho Museum are figures of Säntinåtha. There is one more image of this Jina in the Jardine Museum at Khajuraho. In Temple no. 1, Khajuraho, there is a big standing image of Sāntinātha, dated in samvat equal to 1028 A.D., and with four-armed attendant yaksa and yakşiņi. 193
A Panca-tirthika sculpture of Sāntinātha sitting, from Pabhosa, U.P., is preserved in the Allahabad Museum (no. 533). 194 The pedestal shows two-armed Sarvånubhuti yaksa and two-armed Ambika yaksi. In the sanctum of the old Jaina shrine at Arang, M.P., are installed three big images in one row. Beginning from the right, the Jinas, standing in kāyotsarga mudra, represent Santi, Kunthu and Ara, the 16th, 17th and 18th Tirtharkaras respectively. 195
No. 331, Rani Durgavati Museum, Jabalpur, M.P., is a very interesting sculpture of Santinātha standing obtained from Kankhedi, Jabalpur district, M.P. The Jina stands in the kåyotsarga mudrå on a lotus. Near his legs on each side stands a male câmaradhara, from behind the camaradharas peep the figures of the deer cognizance of the Jina Santinātha. Near the legs of the câmaradharas and above their heads are shown, in groups of two each, figures of Jaina devotees. Representation of the deer cognizance standing on each side of the Jina is a unique instance so far known. The composition and grouping of different figures in this sculpture is typical and renders further charm to this sculpture which may be assigned to early eleventh century A.D.
In the Shivpuri district Museum is a dvi-tirthika sculpture of Sāntinātha (on the right side) and Mahavira (on the left) standing side by side but on their own different simhasanas and each Jina having his own parikara of cämaradharas, málädharas, triple-umbrella, etc. A small figure of cognizance of each Jina is engraved on the upper rim of the lion-throne just above the head of one of the two lions of each
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