Indian Antiquary Vol 57

Author(s): Richard Carnac Temple, Charles E A W Oldham, Krishnaswami Aiyangar
Publisher: Swati Publications

Page 44

32
THE INDIAN ANTIQUARY
FEBRUARY, 1928
last are known to have carried expeditions into Rajputâna Soon after his accession on the throne of Delhi, Shamsu'ddin Altamsh marched against Udayasimha, the tributary Râjâ of Jalôr, who had declined to make the usual payments and brought him to subjection. In the Hijrî year 623 (A.D. 1226) he reduced the fort of Ranthambhor. His invasion of Mewâr, however, is not mentioned in the books containing the above accounts, but, with the help of a Sanskrit drama entitled Hammiramadamardana composed by Jayasimha Sûri in Samut 1286 (A.D. 1229), we can safely arrive at such a conclusion. In it, the conversation between Viradhavala and his minister Tejapala, as well as the statement of the messenger named Kamalaka, distinctly shows that Mewâr was attacked, and some place in it was burnt by the Sultan, while the people were panic-stricken. The name of the Sultan, however, is not mentioned in the book, but he is expressed by the terms 'Suratrana,' 'Hammîra,'
Milachchrikô ra '10, etc. The last expression gives a clue to the real name of the Sultân, and is a corrupt form of 'Amir Shikâr,' which, as we know, was the title of Altamsh conferred upon him by his master Qutbu'ddin Aibak.11 Thus, it is clear that it was Shamsu'ddîn.12 Altamsh of Delhi, who delivered an attack upon Mewâr and destroyed the town Naghrada (Nagda in Mewap) as is indicated in the 10th verse13 of the Chîrwa inscription.
As regards No. 2, it is very difficult to come to a definite conclusion. The rulers of Sind contemporary with Jaitrusimha were Nasiruddin Qabâcha, Saifu'ddin Alasan, and Naşiru'ddin Muhammad.14 It may be noticed, however, that in A.H. 618 (A.D. 1221), Jalalu'ddin, the son of th king, of Khwarazm being defeated in the north by the Mughals under Chingiz Khân retreated towards Lahore, where, being opposed by Altamsh, he was compelled to retreat towards Sind 15 Nâşiruddin Qabâcha was the ruler of Sind at this period. His country was, therefore, attacked by Jalâlu'ddin who, having fired Uchh, proceeded to Siwastân, the governor of which, Fakhru'ddin Sâlârî, surrendered. Jalâlu'ddin next marched to Dibal and Damrilah whence he dispatched a force under Khas Khân towards Nahrwala (Anhilvâd, Pattan in Gujarat).16 It may be that the force in going from Sind to Gujarat may have passed through the territory of Mewar which lay on the route, and fought a battle with Jaitrasimha's army.
Turning our attention to No. 3, we know that, under the early Chauhans, Jangal com. prised the whole of the present Bikânîr State and the northern part of Mârwâr. The capital of Jângal was Ahichhatrapura or Nagaur, where the Chauhans first ruled. Gradually, the scat of Government was transferred by them to Sakambhari (Sambhar), and the territory over which they (Chauhans) ruled was called Sapâda laksha or Sawâlaka, Siwalikh, etc. After the death of the last Chauhan King of Ajmer, Prithviraja III, the whole of the territory of the Chauhåns fell into the hands of the Muhammadans and changed hands as follows: In the year A.D. 1228, Altamsh assigned the Siwâlikh territory, Ajmer, Sambhar, etc., to Nüşiru'ddin Aiyitim.17 Then in A.D. 1242, during the reign of "Alau'ddin Mas'ûd Shah.
8 Briggs : Perishta, vol. I, p. 207.
Hari framadamardana, p. 27. 10 Ibid., p. 35. 11 Raverly's Tabaqdit-s-Nasiri, p. 603.
13 Col. Tod makes mention of an attack on Chitor by Shamsu'ddin Altamsh in the time of Rahap (Rajasthan, vol. I, p. 305), whom he places on the throne of Chitor in S. 1257 (A.D. 1201) and supposes to be the son and grandson of Karna and Samarasimha, respectively. In fact, Rahap had nothing to do with the throne of Chitor, and was the ruler of the separate estate of SesodA about 6 or 7 generations before Samarasimha. (See Rajasthan, vol. I, p. 281, n. 4, and Tod Rajasthan in Hindi, by R. B. G. H. Ojha,'
p. 323.)
18 नागाहपु भंगे समं सुरवाणसैनिकैर्यध्या ।
भुतानाहटकूटे पमराजः पंचतां पाप || 14 Duff's Chronology, p. 314.
16 Briggs, Fcrishta, vol. I, p. 208. 16 Brigge, Berishta, vol. IV, p. 415; Duff's Chronology, p. 180. 17 Duff's Chronology, p. 182.