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EPIGRAPHIA INDICA
[Vol. XXVIII
(district) was granted as a permanent revenue-free holding in favour of the Brāhmaṇa Lumvă. dēva who belonged to the Kaundinya götra and the Kaundinya, Vāsishtha and Maiträvaruņa pravaras as well as to the Vājasanēya charana and the Kāņva šākkā (of the Yajurvēda). The donee was the son of the agnihotrin Agudēva and grandson of the agnihotrin Gõlasvā min. The grant was made by the king for the increase of merit to his parents and himself. It was free from all obstacles and was endowed with the privilege indicated by a-chāța-bhata-pravēša.
The grant proper is followed in lines 22-25 by & verse containing the donor's request to his own descendants and others, who might be in charge of the district in future, for the protection of his donation. Then follow some of the usual imprecatory and benedictory stanzas (lines 25-33) introduced by the passage uktan-cha dharma-śāstrē. The last three lines of the document (lines 33-35) give the names of the persons responsible for the preparation of the document and the execution of the grant. It is said that the order (for the issue of the charter) emanated from the king himself. The dutaka or executor of the grant was Bhatta Stambhadēva who is already known from the records of Nēttabhanja Kalyāņakalaba I and Vidyadharabhañja Amõghakalaba belonging to the same branch of the Bhañja family. The writer of the document was the Sandhivigrahin (minister for war and peace) Mäñju, while the engraver of the plates was the akshaśālika (the same as Telugu agasāli meaning 'a goldsmith') Durgadēva. The same goldsmith is already known to have engraved some other charters of the family issued by Nēttabhañja Kalyanakalasa I, Vidyadharabhañja Amoghakalaśa and Nēttabbañja Kalyanakalasa II. The document was lañchhita, i.e., registered with a seal, by Dēvarāja. The date of the record, viz. year 1 of the issuer's reign, comes at the end.
Silabhañia Tribhuvanakalaba, who issued the present charter belonged to the royal family known as the Bhañjas of Khiñjalimandala owing to the claim of the earlier members of the family to have been rulers of Khiñjalimandala or of Ubhaya-Khiñjalimandala (i.e., both of the two Khinjalimandalas). As there was another later Bhañja line ruling from Kõlāda and claiming to have ruled over Khiñjali, they are more particularly called the earlier Bhañjas of Khiñjalimandala. The charters of Ränaka Satrubhañja Gandhata (son of Silābhañja I Āngaddi, the progenitor of the line) and of his son Rānaka or Mahārāja Ranabhañja were issued from Dhțitipura. Most of these records have come from the old Sonpur, Baudh and Daspalla States of Orissa. The town of Gandhatapāti, named after Satrubhañja Gandhata, is the modern Gandharădhi in the old Baudh State. The family was Vaishnava down to the earlier years of the reign of Ranabhanja who became & Saiva in the later years of his reign. Ranabhañja's descendants, however, are known to have issued their grants from Vañjulvaka and the records have come from the Ganjam area (including the old Nayagarh State). It is clear that after Raṇabhañja the Bhañjas of Khiñjalimandala were driven from the region of Baudh and its neighbourhood by some undertermined circumstances to the Ganjam District. So long we knew of the following descendants of Ranabhañja to have issued charters from Vañjulvaka in the Ganjam area : (1) Paramamähësvara Rājan Néttabhañja Kalyanakalaga, son of Ranabhañja ; (2) Paramamahēśvara Mahārāja Vidyadharabhañja Amoghakalasa son of Silabhañja (II), grandson of Digbhañja and great-grandson of Ranabhañja, and (3) Paramavaishnava Mahārāja Nēttabhañja Kalyanakalasa II, son of Vidhyadharabhañja Amoghakalaba.
CF. Bhandarkar, List, Nos. 1497, 1500, 1501.
Cf. ibid., Nos. 1497, 1498, 1499, 1502. Read Durgadēra in place of Dagadiva in No. 1602..See also J.K.A.R.8., Vol. I, pp. 288 ff.; above, Vol. XXIV, p. 175.
Bhandarkar, op. cit., Nos. 1490-96, 2065. • Ibid., No. 1407.1602 ; abovo, Vol. XXIV, pp. 174 ff.: J.K.H.R.S., Vol. I, pp. 288 X.
