Encyclopaedia of Jaina Studies Vol 01 Jaina Art and Architecture

Author(s): Sagarmal Jain, Others
Publisher: Parshwanath Vidyapith

Page 107

Jaina Temple Architecture : North India
85
petals. The pavilion is a modern erection from old materials.
Temple 8 - This oblong structure facing east consists of three rooms with a common verandah supported by four pillars. Each room has a plain doorway. In the interior are housed many sculptures.
Temple 9 - It consists of a small sanctum and a mandapa and faces east. The sanctum has an ornate doorway with fine figures of Gangā and Yamunā. Inside are now kept twelve stone slabs carved with various sculptures. The mandapa, the front portion of which has disappeared, has now been converted into a verandah with two pillars keeping intact the two side walls.
Temple 10 - This is a four-pillared open pavilion built on a low platform and housing three four-faced pillars, each bearing figures of Jinas, monks, nuns and lay-followers.
Temple 11 - Like Temple 3, this temple is also a two-storeyed structure with the upper storey being fully intact. The lower storey consists of a small cella, a pillared mandapa and a verandah. It stands on a moulded pitha made up of bhitta, jādyakumbha, kumuda, antarapatta and grâsapatti. The walls are flat and carry vertical decorative bands on the two-third upper part. Inside, the verandah shows a row of four ghatapallava pillars, the mandapa displays four pillars in the nave and twelve pilasters on the periphery, and the cella with plain doorway now houses three Jina images, one of which bears a date of A.D. 1048. The doorframe of the mandapa is richly carved. The temple faces north.
The upper storey, which is landed up from the lower one by a flight of steps built in the north-east corner of the mandapa, is identical in plan and disposition to the lower storey, but its verandah on the two lateral sides is enclosed by a short wall of vedikā, āsanapatta and kaksāsana with crude decorations on the outer faces. The roof is flat. The cella has five Jina images one of which is made of white marble.
Temple 12 - This west-facing temple (Fig. 55; Pl. 18) is the largest Jaina structure at Deogadh. It is
rectangular on plan and consists of a sanctum and a walled vestibule, the whole enclosed by a covered ambulatory and screen wall with entrance doorways on all the four sides. Outside this, on the front, is a pillared assembly hall built during recent years from the old materials. In the east corner of this hall are two old pillars which originally formed part of the entrance porch.
The adhisthāna of the outer enclosing walls, the lower portion of which has been concealed by subsequent flooring, is composed of kumbha, minor kapota, pattikā decorated with scrolls, broad antarapatta adorned with grooved half diamonds, and kapota decorated with caityagavākṣa pattern. Above the kapota is a course of alternate plain blocks and roughly moulded kumbhakas (vases) supporting latticed windows and square pillars of the jangha-wall respectively. Each window rests on a blind balustrade decorated with diamonds in niches and canopied by kapota, is inset with a sculptured niche, surmounted by tall udgama-pediment, between vertical trellis of perforated squares of wavy line, and is capped by a kapota underlined with two rows of small rafter ends in alternate set-up. The trellis are surmounted by beaded garland loops and buds. The niches contain inscribed images of Jaina Yakşas, often with their respective Jinas. The wall pillars have ghatapallava base and capital, ornamented shaft depicting gräsamukhas or half lotuses with suspended bells and ribbons, and palmette brackets. Above the kapota-and-bracket course of the janghā may be seen a string of big rafter ends adorned with various ornaments, a kapota, a recessed course with smaller rafter ends, and a corrugated eavecornice bearing saw-tooth pattern on the front face. Above the cornice is a broad recess decorated with a stripe of grooved half diamonds between two rows of floral half diamonds, and then follow a ribbed awning and a plain parapet.
The sanctum is tri-anga with solid walls and has simple moulded basement and plain wall. The enclosing screen wall has triśākhã doorframes opposite the cardinal offsets of the sanctum. The ceilings of the sanctum and
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