Encyclopaedia of Jaina Studies Vol 01 Jaina Art and Architecture

Author(s): Sagarmal Jain, Others
Publisher: Parshwanath Vidyapith

Page 234

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Encyclopaedia of Jaina Studies
karma offsets. The pilasters, six on each face, are widely spaced in the centre than on the sides and are placed in accordance with the basal plans of the four karna- kūtas and four bhadraśālās above the prastara. The second storey has plain walls and carries four usual lions at the four basal corners of the square grivaśikhara.
Some interesting variations are also noticed in the pillars inside the gūdhamandapa. The four nave pillars in the western shrine have each a plinth adorned with lotus petals, an octagonal shaft decorated on the upper section with pearl-and-foliage festoon, a band of finely carved diamonds and beads and squat petalled lasuna with incised creepers, a capital made up of ghata, pāli, and square phalaka with necking, and a plain bevelled corbel without median band. The nave ceiling here also depicts Astadikpālas with Dharanendra. Contrary to this the four nave pillars in the eastern shrine are made of soft steatite and are lathe-turned. They have a square pedestal with kapota moulding on the top, circular shaft and capital, and square phalaka.
The pratolí has a plain, simple, moulded adhisthana and a flat wall with devakosthas flanking the central passage. The devakosthas contain robeless images of standing Jinas that are mostly lost, and are surmounted by a pediment arch of floriated creepers issuing from the gape of the centrally placed vyāla. Inside the arch is a seated figure of Jina. The pratoli has a flat roof with haṁsamālā under the kapota cornice. The doorways are plain and simple and lack the elaborate outer frame of multiple jambs and lintel of the Cālukyan temples.
The whole complex of the pañcaküta-basti was probably built in the latter half of the 10th century A.D.
In front of the pratoli and at a little distance away stands a tall and well wrought Mānastambha of granite carrying a figure of Yaksa on top. The pillar is coeval with the temple. Perhaps the present name of the village Kambadahalli has derived from this very prominent kamba or column.
śāntinātha-basti - The Santinātha temple (Pl. 93)
at Kambadahalli is situated a little north-east of the Pancaküta-basti. It consists of two Jaina temples; one faces east and is of some interest, in spite of the fact that the superstructure of its vimāna is lost, while the other is completely ruined.
The east-facing shrine consists of a vimana and two mandapas, each linked with the other forming a common long rectangular hall. The vimana has bhadra projection on each face and stands with its two mandapas over an upapītha which is made up of upāna, broad recess relieved at intervals by plain pilasters, kampa, padma, kapota and padma. The adhisthana above the upapītha consists of a jagati, kantha with kampas below and above, round kumuda, kantha with padmas and kampas, kapota with uncarved blocks, pratikantha decorated with very spirited figures of horse-riders, elephant-riders, makara heads at corners, etc., and a plain pattikā. The wall, resting on a khura-kumbha course and topped by a kapota cornice, is plain but for the pilasters at corners of the bhadras and karnas. Inside the vimāna is installed a tall and impressive image of Tirthankara Santinātha.
The mandapa in front of the vimäna has four pillars in the nave. The pillars stand on a square moulded base; their shaft is quare below and circular above, the latter showing from below a narrow band of lotus petals, broad recess, bell, plain belt and lasuna. The capital, also circular, consists of tādi, bulbous ghata, pāli decorated with lotus petals, and square phalaka; and the corbel has bevelled arms with median band. The mandapa contains two beautiful images, one of a seated Jina with male cauri-bearers and the other of Yaksa Sarvānubhūti, also seated. Besides, there is a large image of Jina sitting with attendant figures. The second mandapa also has four pillars in the nave, resembling those noticed in the aforesaid mandapa. The nave here has a notable flat ceiling representing eight Dikpalas with an image of Jina Pārsva seated in the centre.
The temple seems to be built in the end of the 10h century A.D.
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