Encyclopaedia of Jaina Studies Vol 01 Jaina Art and Architecture

Author(s): Sagarmal Jain, Others
Publisher: Parshwanath Vidyapith

Page 240

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Encyclopaedia of Jaina Studies
The crowning members atop the third tala consist of octagonal, short vedi and grīvā, octagonal sikhara, and circular padmacchatra and stūpi. The mahanasis of the griva-śikhara contain figures of seated Jinas in the cardinal points and adoring devotees in the corner ones. Though the sikhara is handsome, it is not that elegant in proportion as we find in the Pancaküta-basadi at Kambadahalli.
The gūdhamandapa continues the wall decorations of the aditala of the vimāna, but the śālā over the entrance is longer than those over the side bhadras and shelters a temple-model. It is entered from the porch through a catuśśākhā doorway of which the two inner jambs depict scrolls and rosettes and the other two are left plain. In the interior it shows sixteen pillars, four in the slightly raised central nave and twelve in the surrounding aisle. Besides, there are two pillars in the antarāla and eighteen pilasters in the periphery. The four nave pillars and two antaräla pillars are plain and belong to the circular order. They have a moulded base, plain shaft with double pot, cyma recta type tadi, bulbous ghata and bevelled corbel (the antarala pillars also having square phalaka and neck over ghata). The remaining pillars have a square moulded base; their shaft is square below and above and octagonal in the middle; and the corbel is of the bevelled type. The ceilings, so also the roof, are flat and uncarved. Compared to the ornate exterior, the interior is plain and uninteresting.
The entrance porch is landed up from the front by a staircase with elephant banister. It consists of four pillars supported by a short balustraded wall on the sides. The pillars have a square base; their shaft is square at the base and octagonal above with circular necking; the capital consists of ghata and square phalaka; and the corbel has bevelled type of arms. The ceiling carried by these columns is flat and uncarved.
The temple seems to have been founded by Cämundarāya between c. A.D. 982-985 and its upper portion may have been completed by Cāmundarāya's
son Jinadevaņa between c. A.D. 995-999.
Pārsvanātha-basadi - This east-facing Western Cālukyan temple (Pl. 95) consists of a vimāna, an antarāla and a gūdhamandapa. The exterior wall of the gūdhamandapa is plain, but that of the vimāna shows bhadra, pratibhadra and karna both in plan and elevation. The adhisthana consists of an upana, jagati, padma, antarita, karnaka decorated with lozenges appearing at intervals on bhadra and pratibhadra, antarita, kapota with uncarved triangular bosses, and pratikantha with plain square blocks. Supported by a pattikā (made up of karnaka, kampa, kantha and kampa) with lozenge in niche on bhadra and karna, the wall has alternate projected offsets and recessed saliläntaras and is punctuated by slender pilasters, two appearing on each karna and pratibhadra and four on the bhadra. Each pratibhadra contains moderate küta-kostha (a niche with kūta tower), while the central pair of pilasters on each bhadra carries a tall küta-kostha. Two-third lower portion of the pilasters is plain and one-third upper section shows decorations of inverted kalasa marked by pīpala leaves, a belt with a series of straight lines and a flower, tādi, ghata, pāli and phalaka; the corbel is bevelled.
Inside the antarāla are some tall, plain, latheturned pillars. The garbhagrha has a slit-opening rather than a doorframe and enshrines a tall, impressive, dark image of Pārsvanātha standing with seven-hooded cobra canopy.
The temple is datable to the second quarter of the 11th century A.D.
Akkana-basadi - This east-facing Hoysala temple (Pl. 96) consists of a three-storeyed vimāna, antarla, gūdhamandapa and mukhamandapa. The vimāna is dvianga on plan and elevation consisting thus of bhadra and karna with salilāntara between. The karņa is equilateral with cantoning wall pilasters, while the bhadra is broken into five planes, each flanked on the outer side by a wall pilaster.
The adhisthāna is composed of upăna, padma, kumuda decorated with lozenges at intervals, antarita,
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