Encyclopaedia of Jaina Studies Vol 01 Jaina Art and Architecture

Author(s): Sagarmal Jain, Others
Publisher: Parshwanath Vidyapith

Page 162

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Encyclopaedia of Jaina Studies
have been rebuilt during subsequent period.
The sanctum is tri-anga on plan consisting of bhadra, pratiratha and karņa, the bhadra and karna carry three facets each, while the pratiratha is unfaceted and smaller to karna. Between the angas are recesses which end at the lowermost course of the vedibandha.
The pītha of the sanctum as well as antarāla consists above the bhitta of jādyakumbha decorated with minor caitya-gavākşas, karnika and grāsapatti. The vedibandha of the wall shows ornate khura, tall kumbha decorated with niches containing images of Jaina divinities or large carved diamonds with median band of diamonds, kalaša, and kapota adorned with caitya- gavākṣas and gagārakas. The jangha-wall shows two rows of standing figures separated by a median band of grasamukhas. The lower row, which is larger than the upper one, carries in niches the figures of kāyotsarga Jinas with flanking apsarases on the bhadras, Dikpālas on the karmas, and Jaina Yakşas, Yaksis and Vidyādevis on the pratirathas, while the recesses shelter figures of vyālas. The upper row shows seated Jinas in niches flanked by apsarases on the bhadras and Jaina divinities and apsarases on the other offsets, while the recesses display human couples. Above the janghā is a square bharaṇi with foliage clasps. The varandika consists of a deep fillet decorated with triangular leaves, kapota, deep fillet adorned with chequer pattern, kapota and deep fillet carved with stepped diamonds.
The sikhara of the sanctum shows a pañcaratha central tower marked by eleven bhūmi-amalakas, and urah-śrga surmounting a sculptured rathikä at its base on each side, a big śrga over each karna and a small śịriga over each pratiratha. The rathas terminate at the skandha but the bhadra goes beyond this course. The śikhara is crowned by a large amalaka, candrikā, small āmalaka and a series of later kalaśas. All the śrgas are surmounted by amalaka, candrikā, kalaśa and bijapüraka. The entire sikhara is enmeshed with caitya- gavākṣas. The sikhara is excellent in proportion and fine in finish. The roof of the antarala shows three śrgas
in a row over two rows of sculptured niches.
The temple was built by Pipä säha in A.D. 1046 and its consecration was performed by Bhāvadevasūri. JHADOLI
Jhadoli, ancient Jhādavali, is a village in the Sirohi district of Rajasthan. In the village is a temple of Jina sāntinātha consisting of a sanctum, güdhamandapa, mukhamandapa of six bays, rangamandapa, entrance porch with a mandapa above and a row of forty-six niches (now empty), instead of devakulikās, surrounding the temple. The walls of the sanctum and gūdhamandapa are made of black stone. The sanctum is surmounted by a śikhara. Inside the sanctum is an image of Adinātha which was installed in A.D. 1576. This is known from an inscription engraved upon the pedestal of the enshrined image, but originally the temple was built in honour of Jina sāntinātha whose dedication is well affirmed by the Tīrthamālā of poet Meha written in A.D. 1443. The doorframe of the gūdhamandapa is ornate. In the mukhamandapa are two ornamental niches, each containing a standing image of Jina. The rangamandapa shows twelve massive pillars in the nave with fine toraņa-arches in between them, which remind us of those seen in the Jaina temples at Dilwara (Mt. Abu). From an inscription carved in the left niche of the mukhamandapa it is known that in A.D. 1196 the mandapa of the temple was repaired and the mukhamandapa added. The temple, however, would have been constructed about a century earlier than this date. SADRI
Sadri is a small town enroute to Ranakpur in Pali district of Rajasthan. In the town is a small temple of Pārsvanātha built of white sandstone and facing the north. The temple (Pl. 51) consists of a sanctum, gūdhamandapa, mukhamandapa, rangamandapa and surrounding devakulikās. The mukhamandapa reveals nothing special, the rangamandapa is of the 15th century style, and the devakulikās have been recently replaced by the new ones. This temple is almost a smaller replica
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