Encyclopaedia of Jaina Studies Vol 01 Jaina Art and Architecture

Author(s): Sagarmal Jain, Others
Publisher: Parshwanath Vidyapith

Page 146

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Encyclopaedia of Jaina Studies
Adinātha Temple - On plan the Adinātha temple (Fig. 72) consists of a sanctum enclosed by an ambulatory, gūdhamandapa, mukhamandapa, rangamandapa and the surrounding devakulikās, the last two being erected possibly in A.D. 1541 when the temple was extensively repaired. Its elevation directly starts with the vedībandha of the wall as the pitha in the present temple and in the majority of other contemporary temples of this region is conspicuous by its absence. The vedibandha, which appears to be least disturbed, consists of the usual five courses of khura, kumbha, kalasa, anatarapatta and kapota of which the kumbha is decorated with half diamonds and lotuses. The wall is plain but topped by a band of bold lotuses; the entire wall is heavily repaired. The doorframe of the sanctum shows figures of Yaksa Sarvānubhūti and Yakși Ambikā on the sill portion, while its upper part has been restored. The sikhara of the sanctum is later built
The gūdhamandapa continues the lineaments of the sanctum but does not show the balconied windows on its central offsets. The interior shows double row of columns of which the four in the central bay are of the ghatapallava order. There is a niche with a small black image of the Jina which seems be an original one.
The mukhamandapa shows one row of four ghatapallava pillars which are now concealed by thick coat of extravagant colours. These pillars as well as those in the gūdhamandapa are short and slender.
On the basis of the style coupled with epigraphical and literary references the older portions of this temple may be dated in the end of the 10 century A.D.
Other Jaina Temples - The temples next to Ādinātha at Nadlai and built possibly a generation later are those of Neminātha atop the southern hill and of Pārsvanātha on the opposite hill. The Neminātha temple with its sanctum and gūdhamandapa is plain and simple and has an ekāņdaka śikhara over the sanctum. To its gudhamandapa is attached a devakulika, also surmounted
by an ekāņdaka śikhara. The Pārsvanātha temple seems stylistically to be contemporaneous with the Sun temple at Modhera (A.D. 1027), but it has no figural decorations on the walls. At short distance to the south of the last is a temple of Sāntinātha built in the late 11th century A.D. I" pītha is a developed one but the wall does not carry the images except on the kumbha. The temple has been extensively repaired. The remaining two Jaina temples are built later and are of no interest. NADOL
Nadol, medieval Naddula, situated in the Pali district of Rajasthan, was the capital of a branch line of the Cähamānas of Sākambhari (Jaipur) from the middle of the 10th century A.D. From this period onward Jainism considerably prospered in this area. This is evident not only by the patronage rendered to Jainism by the Cāhamāna rulers of Nadol but also by erecting temples to Neminātha, śāntinātha and Padmaprabha that stand to this day in various stages of preservation. the earliest of these is the Neminätha temple followed by the other two.
Neminātha Temple - Built of sandstone and facing north this temple consists of a sanctum, gūdhamandapa, mukhamandapa, twenty-four surrounding devakulikās and a balāņaka (entrance hall), the whole standing on a platform which is old and original, but the temple proper is a replacement of the 11th century as evident from the plain pitha and wall mouldings (Pl. 39) and the minute lattice ornament of the multiturreted pañcaratha sikhara. In the later construction, however, the old fragments bearing the figures of Dikpalas and vyälas have been reused. The basal rathikäs of the Sikhara also contain original images of Cakreśvari on south and Nirvāṇi on west. The gūdhamandapa also carries undecorated mouldings and plain walls as noticed in case of the sanctum; its interior is of no interest. The mukhamandapa too is of no consequence. The devakulikās have completely disappeared. The balāņaka is old but uncarved.
Sāntinātha Temple - This Jaina temple with
Jain Education Intemational