Ramayan

Author(s): Harman Jacobi, Vijay Pandya
Publisher: L D Indology Ahmedabad
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/032759/1

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'lAlabhAI dalapatabhAI bhAratIya saMskRti graMthamALA : 153 rAmAyaNa '(harmana yAkobInA Das RamayananA aMgrejI anuvAda parathI gujarAtImAM anuvAda) lekhaka harmana yAkobI anuvAdaka vijaya paMDyA pradhAna saMpAdaka jitendra bI. zAha bhAratIya kat the elp) L. D. INSTITUTE OF INDOLOGY AHMEDABAD 380 009 AvI

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lAlabhAI dalapatabhAI bhAratIya saMskRti graMthamALA: 153 rAmAyaNa (harmana yAkobInA Das RamayananA aMgrejI anuvAda parathI gujarAtImAM anuvAda) lekhaka harmana yAkobI anuvAdaka vijaya paMDyA pradhAna saMpAdaka jitendra bI. zAha hatI ke vidyAmazi lAlabhAI dalapatabhAI bhAratIya saMskRti vidyAmaMdira amadAvAda 380 009 2012

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Ramayana Gujarati Translation: Vijay Pandya General Editor Jitendra B. Shah Published by Dr. Jitendra B. Shah Director L. D. Institute of Indology Ahmedabad 380 009 (India) Phone : (079) 26302463 Fax: 26307326 Idindology@gmail.com (c) L. D. Institute of Indology Copies 500 Price : Rs. 200.00 ISBN 81-85857-36-9 Printed by Sarvoday Offset 13-A, Gajanand Estate, Old Manek Chowk Mill Compound, Nr. Idgah Police Chowky, Ahmedabad 380 016

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prakAzakIya rAmAyaNa ane mahAbhArata A be mahAkathAo bhAratIya saMskRtinI dharohara che. pratyeka sadImAM A mahAkathAoe bhAratIya samAja, loko ane ciMtakone mArgadarzana ApyuM che. A banne kathAoe vizvanI saMskRtione paNa prabhAvita karI che ane tethI videzI vidvAno paNa A mahAkAvyonuM adhyayana, saMzodhana Adi karavA AkarSAyA che. rAmAyaNa mahAkAvya upara bhAratIya vidyAnA prakAMDa vidvAna pro. harmana yAkobIe vistArapUrvakano saMzodhanAtmaka lekha lakhyo che. te lekha haju sudhI gujarAtI bhASAmAM upalabdha na hato tethI ahIM teno anuvAda prakAzita karatAM ane atyaMta harSanI lAgaNI anubhavIe chIe. A saMzodhanamAM vidvAna pro.harmana yAkobIe vibhinna vAcanAonA AdhAre mULa pAThanI tAravaNI, mahattvanA pAThonI samIkSA ane tenA upara vidvattApUrNa ciMtana prastuta karyuM che. Adikavie racelA mULa graMthanA aMzo aMge ane samaye samaye umerAyelA prakSipta aMzo vizenI mAhitI ApI che. te uparAMta saMzodhakazrIe chaMda, bhASA ane vyAkaraNanI daSTie tulanA karI che. bhAratIya sAhityamAM rAmAyaNanuM sthAna, rAmAyaNanI kathAno uddabhava ane vikAsa jevA mahattvanA viSayo upara niSpakSa ciMtana prastuta karyuM che. mahAkAvyanI racanAnI dIrgha yAtrAne pariNAme rAmAyaNane vartamAnamAM sAMpaDelA AkAra aMge paNa ciMtana karavAmAM AvyuM che. Ama A saMzodhana rAmAyaNanA pratyeka jijJAsune upayogI thAya tevuM che ane saMzodhakone vizeSa upayogI thAya tevuM che. A graMthano anuvAda saMskRta bhASAnA vidvAna ane rAmAyaNanA abhyAsu pro. vijayabhAI paMDyAe karyo che te mATe saMsthA temano AbhAra mAne che. prakAzana kAryamAM sahayoga karanAra tamAma mitrono ahIM vizeSa AbhAra mAnuM chuM. 2012, amadAvAda jitendra bI. zAha

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nivedana I. sa. 1893mAM prakAzita thayelA DaoN. harmana yAkobInA mULa jarmana bhASAmAM lakhAyelA Das Ramayana pustakanA DaoN. esa. ena. ghosAle karelA aMgrejI anuvAdanI sahAyathI A gujarAtI anuvAda vidvAno ane rAmAyaNa-abhyAsIo samakSa mUkatAM huM mULabhUta rIte, bhaktibhAvathI bharelo zrIbhagavAna rAmacandrane artha arpaNa karyAno bhAva anubhavuM chuM. ema karI zakyo teno AnaMda ane gaurava to huM anubhavuM ja. rAmAyaNa abhyAsIo mATe mULa 1893mAM prakAzita thayeluM pustaka Aje I. sa. 2012mAM paNa eTaluM ja prastuta che. vadhumAM gujarAtanA vidyAkIya kSetramAM aMgrejI bhASAnuM pracalana ochuM hovAthI ghaNA abhyAsIo A pustaka aMgrejImAM hovAthI upayoga karI zakatA na hatA ane rAmAyaNanA abhyAsano to A pustaka pAyo che, ema kahIe to atizayokti nathI. eTale mArI rAmAyaNaprIti ema kahetI hatI ke A sau abhyAsI mitro paNa A graMthathI paricita thAya ema karavuM joIe ane eTale Ano anuvAda prastuta karatAM eka vidyAkIya RNa huM pheDI rahyo chuM evI paNa mane anubhUti thAya che. vAlmIki rAmAyaNano samIkSAtmaka abhyAsa (critical study) kevI rIte thaI zake enuM A graMtha eka ujjavaLa udAharaNa che. vidyAkIya kSetramAM Adhunika samayamAM (prAcIna samayamAM paNa hatI ja) samIkSAtmaka dRSTi atyaMta mahattvanI che, ane enA sivAyanuM sarva vidyAkIya kSetramAM ekaDA vagaranA mIMDA jevuM che. eTale jo samIkSAtmaka dRSTi abhyAsIe vikasAvavI hoya to A graMthano jhINavaTabharyo abhyAsa karavo joIe. A graMthanuM satata parizIlana karavuM joIe. Aje yAkobIe prastuta karelAM keTalAMka tAraNo ane sthApanAo grAhya TharatAM nathI e sAthe matabheda paNa rahevAnA, paNa yAkobI pAsethI ApaNe koI paNa graMthane kaI rIte samIkSAtmaka dRSTithI jovo te zIkhI zakAya che. yAkobI pachI vAlmIki rAmAyaNa para ghaNuM kArya thayuM che, ane yAkobInI ghaNI sthApanAo Aje tyAjaya TharI che. to paNa A The

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Ramayana eka baLakaTa (Seminal) pustaka Aje paNa che te hakIkata nakArI zakAze nahIM. golDamena ane brokInTana jevA vidvAnoe rAmAyaNa paranI samIkSAnA kSetramAM ghaNI navI rasaprada prasthApanA karI che. te sarvano AdhAra laIne yAkobInuM khaMDana paNa thaI zake. to keTalIka bAbatamAM yAkobI Aje lagabhaga 112 varSa pachI paNa avicala che te temanI medhAne aMjali che. aMgrejI anuvAdamAM pAdaTIpa kramAMkamAM kyAMka saratacUka che to kyAMka chApabhUla che, kyAMka tarkahIna avyavasthA che. to A gujarAtI anuvAdamAM mULa graMthanI AkRtine hAni na pahoMce te rIte thoDI sudhAravAno prayatna karyo che. kyAMka Aje taddana aprastuta hovAthI pAdaTIpanI vigata choDI paNa dIdhI che. ATalo gujarAtI anuvAdakanA pakSe khulAso. A sarve jevuM paNa sidhdha thayuM hoya tevAmAM ela. DI. insTITyUTa oNpha inDolojInA gatizIla niyAmaka AdaraNIya zrI jitendra zAhano moTo phALo che. temaNe mane anuvAda mATe pUrAM pADelAM preraNA ane cAlanA vagara A graMthano anuvAda (je karavAnuM ghaNA samayathI mArA manamAM hatuM.) huM A samayamaryAdAmAM to rajU karI zakyo na ja hota te niHzaMka che. eTale DaoN. jitendra zAhano aMtaHkaraNathI AbhAra. anuvAdanI presa nakala taiyAra karI ApanAra mArAM vidyArthinI zrI rAjavI ojhAno paNa AbhAra mAnuM chuM. rAmAyaNanA abhyAsamAM A pustakanuM namratAthI ane bhagavAna rAmacandrane bhaktipUrvakanuM arpaNa karI huM eka vizeSa bhAvasthitimAM mukAuM chuM. vijayA dasamI, 2012 DaoN. vijaya paMDyA (rASTrapati puraskRta, 2010) onararI prophesara ela. DI. insTITyUTa oNpha inDolojI, amadAvAda 380 009

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anukramaNikA 1. pahelo vibhAga - vAcanAo 2. bIjo vibhAga - prakSipta aMzo vize mAhitI 3. trIjo vibhAga - bhAratIya sAhityamAM rAmAyaNanuM sthAna

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rAmAyaNa pahelo vibhAga vAcanAo rAmAyaNano pATha: sAMprata samayamAM jeTalI jANa che te pramANe rAmAyaNano pATha paNa traNa saMskaraNomAM sacavAyelo che. 1. bhAratamAM je aneka vAra prakAzita thayuM che (anekamAM 1859 ane 1888 ema be vAra muMbaIthI) te ati pracalita saMskaraNane plegale 'uttarIya saMskaraNa tarIke oLakhAvyuM che. ane je TIkAkAronuM saMskaraNa che. te dakSiNa bhAratamAM upayogamAM hovAthI ane temAM prathama TIkAkAra kataka paNa e ja pradezanA hatA, ane eTale A saMskaraNanuM 'uttarIya evuM nAmakaraNa baMdha besatuM nathI. te ja rIte bIjuM nAmAbhidhAna TIkAkAronuM saMskaraNa) paNa geramArge doranAruM che. kAraNa ke baMgALI saMskaraNane paNa TIkAkAro to maLyA ja che. A saMskaraNane ApaNe "sI" tarIke (TIkAkAronI commentator vAcanA) oLakhIzuM. amArA sarva saMdarbhe bombenI bIjI AvRtti (bombe, nirNaya sAgara presa 1887) pramANe che. 2. goresionI AvRttimAM ApaNane maLatI baMgALI vAcanAne ApaNe "bI" saMjJA ApIe chIe. 3. trIjI vAcanAne gIlemIsTare nizcita karela ane, jene temaNe "pazcimI' evI saMjJA ApelI. ApaNe ene "e" saMjJA ApI che. A vAcanA bonanI (mAlkomIAnasa hastapratasaMgraha) hastaprata dvArA mArI jANamAM

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rAmAyaNa Avela ane mArAM nirIkSaNomAM jeno ullekha karavAmAM Avyo che, ane lAhoranA pro. sTeInanI bhalI daramiyAnagIrIthI kAzmIranI be hastaprato amArI yunivarsiTInA graMthAlaye mArA mATe meLavI ApelI. A be mAMthI ekamAM pahelA ane trIjA kAMDano khaMDa che, jayAre bIjImAM uttarakAMDa che. kAzmIranI pahelI hastaprata barlInanI "e" hastaprata sAthe maLatI jaNAya che. A traNe vAcanAonI pArasparika bhinnatAne traNa prakAromAM vibhAjita karI zakAya. 1. A traNemAMnI dareka vAcanI bIjI bethI ghaNI vAra judI paDe che athavA to pAThane lAgevaLage che tyAM sudhI je sarvamAM sAdhAraNa zloko che temAM dareka vAcanA judI paDe 2. dareka vAcanAmAM gaNanApAtra saMkhyAnA zloko ke dIrgha khaMDo ke AkhAne AkhA sargo maLe che, je phakta te ja vAcanAmAM che. athavA to bAkInI bemAMthI ekanI sAthe samAnatA dharAvanArA che. 3. zlokono krama paNa badhI ja vAcanAomAM ane emAM to judo judo maLavo sulabha che. chellA be muddAone saMbaMdha che tyAM sudhI vAcanAono pArasparika saMbaMdha sahelAIthI mokhare tarI Ave che. bombe AvRttino sArasaMkSepa ane goresionI AvRttino saMbaMdha e, bI ane sI sAthenA saMbaMdhane spaSTa rIte phUTa kare che. e pratyakSapaNe darzAve che ke, sInA kayA zloko bImAM paNa maLe che, ane, ADakatarI rIte, kayA maLatA nathI. temaja bInA kayA zloko sImAM maLatA nathI. vaLI, ghaNI vAra to, bInA zlokono krama paNa gUMcavADAbharyo che. jo, sIno krama ApaNe sAmAnya gaNIe to sIno krama gUMcavADAbharyo che. banne vAcanAonI pArasparika bhinnatA darzAvavA mATe sI ane bI bannenA cothA kAMDanA pahelA 30 sargonA samAna zlokone meM gayA. A zlokonI saMkhyA 749 che. paNa prastuta bhAgamAM kula zlokonI saMkhyA sImAM 1303 che jyAre bImAM 1128 che. have jo bannenA samAna zlokonI temaja bannenA viziSTa zlokonI saMkhyA gaNavAmAM Ave ane TakAvArI kADhavAmAM Ave to, ApaNane AvuM pariNAma maLe che. sImAM samAna zlokonA 75% ane viziSTa zlokonA 43%, bImAM samAna zloko 66% ane viziSTa zloko 34% che. badhI jagyAe A AMkaDA bhale eka sarakhA na hoya, eTaluM to salAmatIpUrvaka kahI zakAya ke, eka vAcanAnA zlokone maLatA zloko bIjI vAcanAmAM

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harmana yAkobI nathI. ane, sauthI vizeSa to, ApaNe jo A paristhitine lakSamAM laIe to, ApaNane A vAcanAonA mULa vize keTalAMka mahattvanAM invito prApta thAya che. vadhArAnA zlokone ApaNe vattA + nA cihnathI batAvIe to ApaNane evuM kalpavAnI pharaja paDe che ke sInI punarracanA karanAre bInA zlokone umeryA che, athavA temAM na maLatA zlokone bAda rAkhyA che. zlokonA kramamAM parivartana eka bIjI dhAraNA para bhAra mUke che ane te e che ke sInI jema bI paNa pAThano eka svataMtra dastAveja che, ane je mukhyatve maukhika paraMparAthI jALavavAmAM Avelo. smRtimAM sacavAyelA zlokono krama sahelAIthI pharI jAya ane A prakriyAmAM e asAdhAraNa nathI ke bIjI paMkti pahelI tarIke Ave ane be paMktionI vacce bIjo zloka AvI jAya, dIrgha khaMDo vize paNa AvuM banyuM che. vebare A pramANeno mata rajU karyo che je vadhu cokkasAIbharI cikitsA mAMgI le che. kAraNa ke ApaNe joIzuM ke A bAbato, pahelI daSTie jeTalI dekhAya che eTalI saraLa nathI. ApaNe yathArtha paristhitano tAga meLavavA samAna zloko dvArA darzAvAtA pahelA prakAranA parivartanane ApaNI najara samakSa rAkhavuM joIze. e eka sarvasAdhAraNa mata che ke, sI mULa pATha Ape che. haoNla noMdhe che ke baMgALI vAcanA e "Adhunika vikRti' che, ane "prakSipta che (vilsananA viSNupurANanA anuvAda-2.190 ane 3-317nI temanI AvRttimAM)* tAjetaramAM boTalIka paNa A vize potAno nirNaya Ape che. "mahAkAvyanI vilakSaNatAo ArSarUpo nathI paNa punaracanAo che, ane pariNAme purAtana bhASAnuM mArImacaDIne kareluM te anukaraNa che ema mAnI zakAya nahIM. eTale je te vAcanA, ahIM baMgALI vAcanA, AvAM prakAranAM lakSaNo ochAM dharAvatI hoya, te vadhu prAcInatAno dAvo karI zake nahIM evuM svIkAravAnI pharaja paDe che. baMgALI vAcanA pahelI najare vicitra ane kaDhaMgI jaNAtI A vilakSaNatAo dUra karavAno kevo prayatna kare che te meM be udAharaNothI darzAvyuM che. bombe AvRttino 4-56-21mo zloka Ama che. iccheyaM giridurgAcca bhavadbhiravatAritum bhane samudra netuM icchAmi bhavadbhirvaruNAlayam / 4.58.33 baMgALI vAcanAne vikRta rIte rajU karanArane karmaNi arthamAM tumanta prayoga rucyo nahIM ane pariNAme teNe keTalAMka evAM parivartano prastuta karyA ke jene kAraNe 4-5629mo zloka A pramANe vaMcAya che. iccheyamasmAd giryagrAda bhavadbhiravatAraNam

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rAmAyaNa ane 4-58-17 A pramANe bhavadbhirtItamicchAmyAtmAnaM varuNAlayam bI dvArA racelAM parivartano sI vAcanAe je sAcavyAM che, te mULa pATha ApaNe pArakhI zakIe chIe. ApaNe, graMthamAM jema AgaLa vadhatA jaIzuM tema AvA ghaNA prasaMgoe A prakAranI vilakSaNatA ApaNA dhyAnamAM Avaze. eka khAsa mahattvanuM udAharaNa ApaNe ahIM carcAe chIe. sagaranA putroe pRthvI khodI nAkhI ane jene dizAgaja kahevAya che (sI-1-40) te temanI najare paDyo. emAM zaMkA nathI ke zabda "dizA" saMskRtamAM svIkArAyo che. paNa prayoga ghaNo jUja che. paNa ethI UlaTuM "dizA" zabda prAkRta-pAlImAM pracalita che. pachIthI Ane bhUla mAnI laIne bI ane e nI vAcanAomAMthI dUra karavAmAM Avyo. A kevI rIte banyuM te saMbaMdhita khaMDonI tulanA karIne nizcita karI zakAya. (huM bI vAcanAnA pahelA kAMDanI kAzmIrI hastapratane ke saMjJA ApIza.) 1. sI 40.13 dina virUpa dhArayantam mahItanam bI 42.12 dizogajaM mahImimAm e 33.42 AzAgajaM mahImimAm ke 42 AzAgajaM imAM mahIm 2. sI 40.16e te taY" prakSii kRtvA zivAnaM mahAnim bI 42.15e te te dizogajaM arindama (A ja pramANe kemAM) e 33.44bI te te " " vipatti ropaman sI 40.16bI mAnayatno hi te rAma namukhasvI rasAtattam bI 42.15bI macamInA hizAM pAnaM kSipAM vipariNam (A ja pramANe kemAM) e 33.45e cimanA vize kSe nAtvI vasundaram 3. sI 40.20 dizAnuM saumanAM dazte mahIvattA bI 42.19 mArA vra saumanAM vaMdagurta te marInam (A ja pramANe kemAM) 33.99 AzAgajaM sumanasaM mahAntamacalopamam /

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harmana yAkobI 4. sI 41.7. pUjyamAnaM mahAtejA dizAgajamapazyataH bI 43.7 so'vaikSata virUpAkSaM AzAgajamavasthitam / (A ja pramANe kemAM) 34.7 stUyamAno mahAtejA diggajaM sa dadarza ha / 41.9 dizAgajastu tacchrutvA pratyuvAca mahAmatiH / bI 43.9 AzAgajo'pi tacchrutvA pRcchatoM'zumato vacaH / (A ja pramANe kemAM) e 34.9 drivADuiM----saukhyamaMzumato vavaH 6. sI 41. 10 tasya tad vacanaM zrutvA sarvAn eva dizAgajAn / bI 43.10 iti tasya vacaH zrutvA sarvAn eva hi diggajAn / (A ja pramANe kemAM) e 34.10 tI tat vavanam kRtvA sarvAna iva di kinAn ! . (A ja pramANe ke mAM) A uparanA khaMDo parathI eTaluM samajI zakAya che ke e ane bI pAThamAMthI vAMdhAjanaka zabda dizAne dUra karavAno sabhAna prayatna kare che. paNa temaNe eka ja rIte e rIte nathI karyo. keTalIvAra temaNe eka ja zabdane tenI jagyAe mUkyo che to keTalIka vAra, judo paryAya Apyo che. vaLI tulanA ema paNa AgaLa darzAve che ke e hastapratano uddabhava bImAMthI eTalA mATe nathI thayo ke e bI karatAM sI sAthe prAyaH vadhu saMmata thAya che. vadhumAM bI paNa emAMthI udbhavI nathI kAraNa ke ochAmAM ochA eka prasaMge (trIjA khaMDamAM) bI sI sAthe saMmata thAya che. e sAthe nahIM. A ja nirIkSaNa pAThanA bAkInA sarva bhAgonA saMdarbhamAM paNa yathArtha che. niHzaMkapaNe sIe mULa pATha jALavI rAkhyo che. je khaMDone upara TAMkyA che temAMthI bIjo evuM darzAve che ke e ane bI vAcanA sIthI judA pATha para AdhArita che. paMktinA bIjA caraNamAM trizAstram zabda Ave che jene bIe rizAM pAnamAM parivartita karyo che. jyAre emAM DhizorakSa che AnI jagyAe sI saMbhavataH di te rAma eTalA mATe umere che ke jethI pachInA eka ja vAkya banAvatA be caraNomAM eka ja zabdanuM punarAvartana TaLe. A hakIkato evuM darzAve che ke sIe keTalAka kissAomAM prAcIna pATha jALavyo che ane bIjI vAcanAoe dekhItA hetuthI temAM parivartana paNa karyuM che. te e paNa darzAve che ke bAkInI vAcanAonA kartAoe sInA pAThanI punarracanA karI hatI. paNa enI sAme e paNa svIkAravuM paDe ke AvA khaMDomAM nagaNya parivartano che ane gaNanApAtra hoya to paNa pAThamAM temano samAveza karavA mATenuM koI kAraNa jaNAtuM nathI. glegalane paNa

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6 rAmAyaNa. A svIkAravuM paDe che. A mata bahu sucAru rIte rajU thayo che paNa vadhu parIkSaNa karatAM temAM tathya jaNAtuM nathI. A prakAranI dhUna ane taraMganI dhAraNA sarerAza kadanI kavitAmAM rajU thayelAM parivartanonI samajUtI Ape che. paNa rAmAyaNa jevA moTA kadanA mahAkAvyanI nahi. ApaNe e dhAravuM nyAya gaNAze ke A parivartano mATenA anya Ayojita prayatnano tarata ja aMta Avavo joIto hato ane AraMbhamAM mULa pAThathI bheda moTo hato paNa madhyamAM ane kRtine aMte te kramazaH ocho thavo joIto hato. paNa tene badale, AraMbhamAM, madhyamAM ane, aMte ApaNane vadhu mahattvanAM ane ochAM mahattvanAM parivartano maLe che. te ja pramANe umeraNo ane hAsa paNa ochAvattA mahattvanAM maLe che. A evI hakIkato che ke je punarracanA karanAranI dhUna pramANenI pravRttinI dhAraNA sAthe baMdha besatI nathI. AvA kissAo phakta eka ja punarracanA karanAranI dhAraNA nahi paNa ochAmAM ochA benI eka bI mATe ane bIjI e mATe dhAraNA karavI paDe. paNa A sarve muzkelIo tarata ja adazya thaI jAya jo ApaNe evI avadhAraNA bAMdhavA taiyAra hoIe ke jemAM vAcanAo nizcita thavAnA samaye astitva dharAvatA rAmAyaNano pATha karanArA vyavasAyI sUtacAraNonI saMsthA hayAtImAM hatI ane tethI te evI phUlI-phAlelI hAlatamAM hatI ke maukhika rIte jaLavAyelA pAThanI paNa hayAtI dharAvatI hastaprato ke loko pAse rahelI aMgata nakalo jeTalI ja adhikRta hatI. ApaNane aMdAjathI paNa jANa nathI ke kRtinuM sau prathama kyAre saMpAdana karavAmAM AvyuM paNa ApaNe kaMIka nizcitatA sAthe, evI dhAraNA bAMdhI zakIe ke A saMpAdana tyAre karavAmAM AvyuM jyAre lekhananuM pracalana sArvatrika thayuM. e vicitra ja jaNAya ke lekhananI rIti mahAkAvyane paNa lAgu pADavAmAM na Ave. paNa ethI karIne sUtacAraNo rAmAyaNanA kharA pAraMparika jALavaNI karanArA ane ubhAvaka che ema mAnatAM A vigata aTakAvI zakaze nahIM. AvI dhAraNAthI mAnelI ghaTanAnA vikAsa mATe Avazyaka evI upara kahela hakIkato samajavAmAM saraLa bane che. e atyaMta svAbhAvika che ke kaMThastha karelAM padyonA kramamAM smRtimAM gUMcavADo pedA thato ja hoya che, khAsa karIne hajAro paghono eka sAthe pAThamAM paNa gaNanApAtra parivartana AvyuM hoya, kAraNa ke sUtacAraNane jo koI zloka yAda na Ave to te avakAza pote (navI racanA karIne) bharI devA samartha hato. ApaNe e vigata paNa lakSamAM levI joIe ke, sUta-cAraNo potAnA samayanA praziSTa sAhityamAM suzikSita hatA. gauDI ane vaidarbha zailI pUrva ane pazcimanA pradezamAM uddabhavI hatI ane A pradezo praziSTa saMskRta sAhityanAM kendro hatAM. eTale mahAkAvyanI bhASAnI

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harmana yAkobI aniyamitatAo pratye loko kaMIka aMze tiraskArathI jotA ane pariNAme baMgALI ane pazcimI vAcanAomAMthI te dUra karavAnA sabhAna prayatno thayA. paNa AnA uparathI koI evI to dalIla na ja kare ke, AvI paristhitine kAraNe, vyAkaraNaduSTa rUpo mahAbhAratamAM AvatAM aTakI gayAM. kAraNa ke rAmAyaNa e kAvya gaNAtu ane A prakAranA svarUpanAM lakSaNoe paNa, rAmAyaNanA pAThanA AkAra para potAno prabhAva choDyo. paNa AvI vicAraNA mahAbhAratamAM eTalA mATe udbhavatI nathI ke mahAbhArata ghaNA prAcIna samayathI dharmazAstrano graMtha gaNAvA lAgyo hato. eka vakhata A vAcanAo nizcita thaI gaI ane vidvAnonA lekhananI paraMparAmAM jaLavAI gaI, tethI tenuM bhAgya paNa AvA prakAranI anya kRtio jevuM ja banI gayuM. vistAra karanAra paNa pote jene prakSita mAne tene gALI nAkhe, bhinna pAThomAMthI pasaMdagI kare athavA aTakaLathI bhraSTa pAThane sudhAravA prayatna kare. tilaka TIkAmAMthI ApaNane A prakriyAnuM AkhuM citra maLe che. ane tenA kartA rAmavarmananA samIkSAtmaka dRSTibinduno paNa ApaNane khyAla maLe che. asvIkRta ke svIkRta evA pAThono ghaNIvAra ullekha thAya che. A pAThone prAcIna (uM. ta. baMgALI saMskaraNa 1-93, 102-154), pAraMparika pA (5-50-18, 21-21) (6-48-3) athavA sAmawAyika evA nAmathI oLakhavAmAM Ave che. (1-16-29) ghaNI hastapratone AdhAre va6pustakamata (1-218)athavA a-pAraMparika apAjI (6-6 6-25) athavA navI aTakaLano AdhuniRtvita: pATa: (5-1-102, 42-9) vagerenAM pramANathI A pAThono ghaNI vAra svIkAra karavAmAM Ave che athavA temano tyAga karavAmAM Ave che athavA ucita TheravavAmAM Ave che. ghaNAM pAThAntaro evA paNa che je nathI svIkArAyA ke nathI spaSTapaNe temano tyAga karavAmAM Avyo. AvA pAThAntaro dakSiNa bhAratanI AvRttimAM maLe che.10 A sarva pAThAntaro saMkhyAmAM ghaNAM ochAM che ane bIjI vAcanAonI sarakhAmaNImAM ochAM mahattvanAM che. eka sukhada akasmAtane kAraNe bhinna vAcanAone jene kAraNe AkAra sAMpaDyo che te hakIkatomAM ApaNane eka aMtardaSTi maLe che. Ane kAraNe keTaleka aMze pAThanA itihAsa vizenAM yathArtha tAraNo ApaNe tAravI zakIe chIe. 28 padyono eka dIrdha khaMDa sI ane emAM traNa vAra ane bImAM be vAra punarAvartita thAya che. rAvaNa dvArA baMdI banAvAelI sItA pAse rAmacandrano saMdeza laIne AvelA ane sItA pAsethI vidAya letAM pahelAnA hanumAnano sItA sAtheno saMvAda A khaMDano viSaya che.

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rAmAyaNa A khaMDa sImAM ane emAM pahelavahelA A prasaMge hanumAnane je sAhasa karavuM paDyuM tenuM varNana pahelAM Ave che. A prasaMga pachI A khaMDa pharI Ave che. jyAre bImAM pahelavahelo Ave che. (bImAM A bIjI vAra Ave che jyAre hanumAna rAmane saMdezo Ape che tyAre A ja khaMDa trIjI vAra Ave che.) sarva pAThAMtaro sAthe huM A khaMDano pATha pahelA bhAgane aMte ApuM chuM. tyAM raju thayelI sAmagrI parathI ApaNe joI zakIe chIe ke, e ne e ja vAcanAmAM paNa pATha acala rahyo nathI, paNa anya pAThAMtaro paNa dareka punarAvartana samaye pravezI gayAM che. vAcanAnA saMpAdakoe, pUrvatara khaMDa sAthe pachI pAThamAM pravezelA khaMDane sarakhAvavAnI tasdI lIdhI nathI. paNa temane je sAmagrI maLI tene AdhAre khaMDano pATha nizcita karyo che ane A ja sarvasAmAnya paddhati hatI. have, eka ja vAcanAmAM khaMDanA punarAvartananAM pAThAntaro asaMkhya hoya paNa tAttvika rIte arthabhinnatA na dharAvatAM hoya to, ApaNe joI zakIe chIe ke agaNita pAThAntaro-je anabhipreta che paNa anivArya che-no bhoga pATha kevI rIte bane che. eka ja vAcanAmAM judA judA khaMDonAM pAThAMtaro karatAM judI judI vAcanAomAM ekaja khaMDamAM jovA maLatI samAnatA vadhu mahattvanI che. te niHzaMka che ke, trIjuM e pahelAnuM zAbdika punarAvartana che. paNa trIjAnA 42 thI 48 zloko badhI ja vAcanAonAM maLatA nathI. (bI-1mAM nathI paNa bI-2mAM maLe che.) ane trIjA karatAM ekanA samApananA zloko judA che. ahIM vaLI, traNe vAcanAmAM saMmati che. AnA parathI eTaluM to jarUra tAravI zakAya ke e, bI, sI, koIka prAcIna vAcanAmAMthI UtarI AvI che, ane eTale 1 ane 3mAM A bheda pradarzita thayo. ura (Ur)-mULa vAcanAne lekhita svarUpa maLyuM na hatuM e matane anumodana ApatI A dalIla thaI zake nahIM. paNa haju pAThanI paraMparA mukhyatve maukhika hatI. e vAta bahu prAcIna kALamAM sthApita thaI cUkI hatI. eTale rAmAyaNanI pahelI AvRtti paNa pAThanAM parivartano ane paraspara parivartanone ghUsI jatAM aTakAvI zakI nahIM. A a-sAMpradAyika graMthanI maukhika paraMparAmAM anivArya hatuM ane sahelAIthI samajAvI zakAya tema hatuM. sarva vAcanAo prakAzamAM Ave ane samIkSita AvRttinA svarUpamAM prakAzita thAya tyAre ja A saMrakSita vAcanAo parathI ura (Ur) vAcanA sthApita thaI zake. - have ApaNe AgaLa e niSkarSa para AvavuM joIe ke rAmAyaNanI prathama AvRtti prakAzita thaI te pahelAM pAraMparika Dhabe dIrghakALa sudhI maukhika rIte A sacavAyeluM. e samaye rAmAyaNa eka jaththAmAM haze. Ane ApaNe DIAskasa (Diaskeuse)*(DIAskesa (jarmana bhASA) eTale evuM lakhANa je satata potAne bhUse che ane navI kalAkRti tarIke

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harmana yAkobI : niSpanna thAya che.) kalAkRtinA svarUpamAM sthapAyuM gaNI zakIe jene UthI oLakhAvI zakAya. pahelA kAMDanA pahelA ane trIjA sarganI sAmagrInuM sarvekSaNa AnA AdhAre che. A sAmagrInI be anukramaNikAmAM pahelI vadhu prAcIna che kAraNa ke, temAM pahelA ane chellA kAMDanI prakSipta gaNAtI sAmagrI AvatI nathI, je bIjI anukramaNikAmAM Ave che. ApaNe enuM parIkSaNa hAla pUratuM bAju para rAkhIe chIe. ApaNe haju prAcIna bhAratIya graMthomAM maLatA rAmAyaNanAM uddharaNothI phalita thatI vividha vAcanAonI cakAsaNI karavAnI bAkI che. mahAbhAratanAM uddharaNo vizeno vicAra ApaNe alaga prakaraNamAM karIzuM ane tene gaNatarImAM na laIe to, bhavabhUtinA uttara rAmacaritamAM zabdazaH avataraNo maLe che. mA niSadra (e ja svarUpamAM dhvanyAlokamAM Anandavardhane uddhata karyo che.) e ja pATha sAthe sarva vAcanAomAM maLe che. paNa teno ApaNe ahIM vicAra karavAnA nathI. bAlacarita (eTale bAlakAMDa) nA chellA adhyAyanA be zloko bhavabhUtie uddhata karyA che paNa bI vAcanAmAM nathI ane sI ane emAM ekadama judA svarUpamAM maLe che. paNa barlIna hastaprata e ane kAzmIra hastaprata eka bIjA sAthe barAbara maLatI Ave che ane bhavabhUtinA zloko sAthe paNa traNa pAThAntara sivAya maLatI Ave che. A zloka tvadarthamiva vinyastaH zilApAdo'yamagrataH / yasyA'yamabhitaH puSpaiH pravRSTa iva kesaraH / / sInA prakSipta sargamAM Ave che. paNa bIjI koI vAcanAmAM nathI maLato. bonanI hastapratano zloka AnI ghaNI najIka Ave che. ____ tvadarthamiva vinyastaH zilApaTTo'yamagrataH / yasyA'yamagrataH puSpaiH prahRSTa iva kesaraH // bAkInI hastapratonA pATha vebaramAM maLe che. ane jenI sAthe e ane kAzmIranI hastaprata zabdazaH maLatI Ave che. eTale evuM phalita thAya che ke je vAcanAmAMthI bhavabhUtie avataraNa ApyuM che te pazcimanI bahu ja najIkanI che. jo ke A niSkarSa ekadama asaMdigdha to nahIM kahevAya kAraNa ke mULa vAkya vAMdhAthI mukta nathI. bhavabhUtie vAlmIkinA kharabacaDA ratnane potAnA hetuthI saMskAryuM hoya, ane uttararAmacarita eka lokapriya kRti che. ane ghaNI peDhIoe utkaTa lAgaNInAM AMsuo sAryA che, eTale e zakya che ke bhavabhUtie je AkAramAM padyo ApyAM hoya teNe mULane evA pradezamAM dhakelyuM hoya ke jayAM alaMkRta kavitA mATenI aMgata rucie rAmAyaNanA pATha para potAno prabhAva

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10 rAmAyaNa pAtharyo hoya. e vizeSa rIte darzAvavAmAM AvyuM che ke, je khaMDa bhavabhUtie Apyo che teno saMdarbha sInI vAcanA sAthe che. e sAthe nahIM. pAMcamA aMkanA upAjya padyamAM, rAmanA khara sAthenA yuddhamAM rAme pAchAM bharelAM traNa pagalAMno ullekha thayo che. kevaLa sI-3-30, 23 AnI sAthe samAnatA dharAve che. tamApatantaM saMkruddhaM kutAstro rudhirAplutam / apAsarpad dvitripadaM kiJcit tvaritavikramaH // A padya goreziyonI AvRttimAM jarA judI rIte Ave che, ane tyAM khAsa karIne ditripaduM zabda je ApaNA mATe khAsa mahattvano che te tyAM nathI. tamApatantaM vegena dIptAsyaM rudhiraplutam / apasRtya tataH sthAnAd dRSTavA tvaritavikramaH // bonanI hastapratamAM A zloka che ja nahIM, barlInanI banne hastapratomAM DaoN. kalATa jaNAvavAnI kRpA kare che te A pramANe che. e : tamevADaupadravat vRddha vRttAe dhakSata | apasarpat pratipadaM kiJciccaiva parikramam // bI : tamevADamadravat vRddhattAkuM dharatam | apasarpat pratipadaM kiJcit tvaritavikramaH // dhvanyAlokanA bIjA udyotamAM Anandavardhana 3-16-17ne uddhata kare che. jenuM bIjuM adhuM caraNa padya 79 paranI arjunavamedavanI (13mI sadIno AraMbha) TIkAmAM e ja pramANe maLe che. zloka A pramANe che. ravisaMkrAntasaubhAgyastuSArAvRtamaNDalaH / nizvAsAndha ivA'darzazcandramA na prakAzate / badhI ja vAcanAomAM pahelA ardhacaraNamAM tuSAra maLe che, bIju ardhacaraNa kevaLa sImAM maLe che, bImAM sanizvAsa rUvA maLe che to kAzmIranI hastapratamAM niSThAvAna vA, bona hastapratamAM nirAyAvadrazya (mULanuM che !). Anandavardhana abdha zabdane choDI de che je kevaLa sImAM Ave che. kAvyAlaMkAravRtti 4-3-14mAM vAmana kavinA nAmano ullekha karyA sivAya nIceno zloka uddhata kare che.

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harmana yAkobI gaganaM gaganAkAraM sAgaraH sAgaropamaH / rAma-rAvaNayoyuddhaM rAma-rAvaNayoriva bIjuM ardha caraNa sI nA 6-107-52mAM Ave che. paheluM caraNa A pramANe che. sAgaraM cAmbaraprakhyaM ambaraM sAgaropamam / dekhItuM che ke vAmana karatAM A pATha vadhAre sAro che. A parivartana jaNAya che ane te "ananvaya alaMkAranAM vadhu udAharaNo darzAvavA mATe thayeluM lAge che. vadhumAM vAmananA graMthanI badhI ja hastapratomAM paheluM caraNa maLatuM nathI. jo ApaNe vAmananA A padyane rAmAyaNanuM avataraNa gaNIe to ApaNe e mAnavuM paDaze ke, vAmanane sI vAcanA jANItI haze athavA to sInI nikaTanI koIka kAraNake e ane bImAM upara uddhata padya maLatuM nathI. AThamI ane navamI sadInAM uparyukta uddharaNo ApaNane eTaluM svIkAravAnI pharaja pADe che ke te samaye kevaLa eka ja vAcanA astitvamAM hatI je sI nI najIka hatI ane saMbhavataH bIjI paNa je atyAranI enI nikaTa che. rAmAyaNanAM kAvyAtmaka sarjano jevAM ke kSemendranuM samAyaNa-kathA-sAra-maMgarI'' (11mI sadInI madhyamAM) ane bhojanuM rAmAyaNa-vadhU (saMbhavataH e ja samaya) dvArA paNa je pAyAmAM che te vAcanAo vize nirNaya ApaNe tAravI zakIe chIe. khAsa karIne pahelI kRti mULa graMtha sAthe potAne joDIne pade pade tene anusare che. have ApaNe e joIe ke e ane bImAM Ama to vadhArAnA khaMDa sAthe e kevI rIteno saMbaMdha dharAve che. sImAM bAlakAMDane aMte yudhAjInI vinaMtithI dazaratha bharata ane zatruSNane mAtAmahane tyAM mokale che. tenuM pAMca padyamAM varNana che. (77.15 bIthI 20-e) e ane bImAM be sargamAM vistArathI A vAta bahelAvI che. dazarathano potAnA putra bharatane upadeza che ane rAjakumAranA zikSaNanI pitAmaha karelI vyavasthA A bAbatonuM varNana thayuM che. kSemenTe ApelA uddharaNamAM saMbaMdhita padyo A pramANe che : tato mAtAmahapuraM bharataH piturAjJayA / zatrughnAnugataH prAyAn mAtulenAbhiyAcitaH / / sa tatra guNaratnAnAM mahodadhirivAparaH / jagrAha sakalA vidyA gurubhyo vipulAzayaH / / sacchAstrAdhigamAt tasya dharmasaMkrAntidarzanam / mano babhUva vizadaM mAjitaM sukRtairiva //

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rAmAyaNa bharate sAnuje rAjJaH kaikeyasya pure sthite / utkaNThAkulito bheje cintAM datharatho nRpaH // bharatanA zikSaNanA ullekha parathI evuM phalita thAya che ke kSemendra che ane saMbhavataH bIno upayoga karyo. jyAre bIjI tarapha bhoje saMbhavataH sI no upayoga karyo kAraNake bharatanI mulAkAta vize eka saMkSipta ullekha te nIcenA padyamAM kare che. (bIjA kAMDanA AraMbhamAM) gacchatA dazarathena nirvRtiM bhUbhujAmasulabhAM bhujabalAt / mAtulasya nagare yudhAjitaH sthApitau bharatalakSmaNAnujau / / kamanasIbe raghuvaMzanA 12 soMmAM rAmAyaNanuM punaH kathana eTaluM saMkSipta che ke, enA AdhAre vAcanAnI carcA thaI zake tema nathI. paNa chatAM eka hakIkata huM jaNAvyA sivAya rahI zakato nathI. kAlidAsa, citrakUTathI bharate vidAya lIdhI tyAra pachI 12-22 ane 23mAM vAyase karelA anAdarane kAraNe thayelI sajAnuM varNana kare che. jyAre ApaNI pAsenI vAcanAmAM bharata rAmane maLe che te pahelAM A ghaTanA bane che, ane te ja pramANe rAmAyaNa-kathA-sAra-maMjarImAM paNa che. sI jo ke ene prakSipta gaNe che ane tethI bhoja eno ullekha karatA nathI. vAyasano prasaMga ghaNo purANo che kAraNa ke sItA hanumAna dvArA rAmane A prasaMganI yAda karAve che. paNa mULa kathAmAM A prasaMga banato nahIM hovAthI e zakya che ke jayAM A khaMDane umeravAmAM Avyo che tyAM koI saMgati jaLavAI nathI. ane je vAcanAno kAlidAse upayoga karyo che tyAM A prasaMga judA ja sthaLe Ave che. eTale A ghaTanAe pachIthI AkAra lIdho che. samApanamAM huM mallinAthanA uddharaNonA ullekha karuM chuM jeno A pahelAM nirdeza thaI cUkyo che. A avataraNo sI vAcanAnAM che. keTalIka vAra bombe sAthe maLatAM Ave che. to keTalIka vAra dakSiNa bhAratanI AvRttio sAthe maLatAM Ave che, paNa meM je avataraNo ahIM carcA ane, rAmAyaNanA je saMdarbho ApyA te rAmAyaNanI sAmagrInA abhyAsamAMthI mane prApta thayelA che, athavA koI khAsa prayatna sivAya mane prApta thayelA ghaNA purAvAo kramazaH prakAzamAM Avaze ane tenA AdhAre rasaprada nirIkSaNo karI zakAze. paNa te amArA abhiprAyanI viruddha janAra nathI paNa amArA matane anumodana ApanAra banaze. amAro mata e ke pramANamAM prAcIna kALamAM, ghaNI vAcanAo astitvamAM hatI. ahIM sItA pAsethI vidAya letA hanumAnanA prasaMgano judAM-judAM saMskaraNo ane vAcanAomAM maLatAM pAThAntaro sAtheno pATha Ape che. prathama che bombe AvRttino pa

Page #22
harmana yAkobI 13 39mAM Avato pATha, bIjAmAM e ja sthaLe maLatuM bIjuM saMskaraNa 5-56. trIjAmAM trIjuM saMskaraNa 5-68. TI thI dakSiNa bhAratIya AvRttionAM pAThAntarono nirdeza karyo che. pachI pazcima bhAratIya saMskaraNanAM pAThAntaro je bona hastapratonAM che. jeno pahelA, bIjA ane trIjAmAM ethI nirdeza karyo che. chevaTe, baMgALI vAcanAnAM pAThAntaro (goresiyonI bhAvRtti) cha ne bhI saMzA dvitIya (5-53) bhane tRtIya (5-68)mA mApI cha. tatastaM prasthitaM sItA vIkSamANA punaH punaH / bhartRsnehAnvitaM vAkyaM sauhArdAdanumAnayat / / 19 / / sI 1 . anumAnya ca - 2 sI bhartuHsnehAnvitA, 31 mane 2ii hanUmantamabhASata ubha natha.. e 1 e vAkyam mATe bhartuH / anvamAnayat 2 e sItA bhATe dRSTvA sI 30 bhartRsnehAdidaM vA bhartuHsuhRda(m) tamathAbravIt, trIjAmAM nathI. bI 2 e tamabhiprasthitam sI. 30 bhartRsnehAd idaM vA sauhArdAt tamathAbravIt traNamAM nathI yadi vA manyase vIra vasaikAhamarindama / kasmiMzcit saMvRte deze vizrAntaH zvo gamiSyasi // 20 // sI 2 e yadi tvam tAta, ihAnagha sI kvacit susaMvRte 1 TI vageremAM 2-20-27 nathI. me 1 me vIranI 40yA tAvat 2 me yadi tvam...tAvad sI. kvacit susaMvRte usI yadi mA bhI 2 me yadIha---tAta sI. kvacit tvam 3 meM yadi mAm mama caivAlpabhAgyAyAH sAnnidhyAt tava vAnara / asya zokasya mahato muhUrtaM mokSaNaM bhavet / / 21 / / sI 1 TI meM sI51 alpa 2 sI zokasyAsyAprameyasya 3 syAd api kSayaH 3 me cApyalpa sI.30 zokavipAkasya muhUrtaM syAd vimokSaNam se cApyalpa, bI vIryavAn sI.31. sI uma

Page #23
rAmAyaNa e 1 bI tava vIryavAn, sI.30 zokasyAsya vipArasya muhUrtaM syAdapi kSayaH 2 sI 2 jema 3 bI vIryavat sIDI sI ra jema. bI 2 ane 3 sI sI ra jema. 3 40. darzanena tavAnagha sI syAdyadi kSayaH bA darzanena tavAnavasAra tato hi harizArdUla punarAgamanAya tu / prANAnAmapi sandeho mama syAnnAtra saMzayaH // 22 // sI 1 me. gate hi. jI se gate hi. bhI punaH samprAptaye tvayi sI prANeSvapi na vizvAso mama vAnarapuGgava / 3 . gate hi tvayi vikrAnta. jI tu bhATe vai TIma. sI. 3 nAma vaNa vikrAnte che. e 1 e gate hi jI punarApattaye tvayi. DI. nAsti saMzayaH gate hi jI mUhUrtasamaye tvayi sI. sI. 2 4 4 api na. 42yAme iha 3 me gate hi. cI punaH samprAptaye tvayi bI 2 e gate hi. bhI muhUrtaM gagane tvayi. sI.31. vizvAso mama na syAt plavaGgama gate hi. bhI punarAgamanAt tvayi tavAdarzanajaH zoko bhUyo mAM paritApayet duHkhAd duHkhaparAmRSTaM dIpayanniva vAnara // 23 // sI 2 e adarzanaM ca te vIra. bI. dArayiSyati. sI. DI. duHkhataraM prAptAM durmanaH zokakarzitAm u me bhI jaM cApi bhayaM. sI. parAbhUtAm durgatAma duHkhabhAginIm TI sI3. sI 3 ma e 1 e tava cAdarzanaM vIra. sI.31 duHkhaduHkhataraM bhRtvA durmanaskAM abhAginIm adarzanaM hi tetIva kI tApayiSyati sI.30 duHkhaduHkhataraM prApya durmanaskAM hyabhAginIm tavAdarzanamapyetad hI tApayiSyati, sI.DI taraM bhUtvA duHkhitAM duHkhabhAminIm kI 2 sI 2 ma. jI. me 4ma. 30. duHkhitAM zokakarzitAm. 3 se jaMvIra

Page #24
harmana yAkobI 15 bh mh bh pI. se 38ma. sI.30 idaM duHkhataraM bhUtvA duHkhAnAM mandabhAginIm. ayaM ca vIra sandehastiSThatIva mamAgrataH / sumahAMstvatsahAyeSu haryukSeSu harIzvara // 24 // sI 1 TI 0 harIzvaraH 2 sI sumahatsu hI mahAbalaH 3 sI. tvatsahAyena 30 asaMzayaH 20 30 nasaMzayaH mahAbalaH 3 30. vAnareSu mahAmate tiSThatIha 1. mahAbala ayaM hi 3 ca saMzayaH kathaM nu khalu duSpAraM tariSyati mahodadhim / tAni haryakSasainyAni tau vai naravarAtmajau // 25 // sI 18 jI tariSyanti 2 jI santariSyanti sAgaram 3 thI tariSyanti TIma 59 tama4 me 1 lI tariSyanti 2 vI pArayiSyanti sAgaram pI 2 zrI tariSyanti 3 meM nu ne pahale tu jI tariSyanti sI vAnarasainyAni trayANAmeva bhUtAnAM sAgarasyeha laGghane zaktiH syAd vainateyasya tava vA mArutasya vA // 26 // sI 1 TI pI sAgarasyAsya 2 jI. sAgarasyati 3 31 vAyorvA tava cAnagha TI. kI mAM nI jema e 2 bI sAgarasyAti... 3 jI sarapuM sI gatiH syAd bI ra bI sAgarasyAbhi... 34 sAgarasya vilaGghane tad asmin kAryaniryoge vIraivam duratikrame / kiM pazyase samAdhAnaM tvaM hi kAryavidAM varaH // 27|| sI 1 TI sI pazyasi 2 the. bI tad atra kAryanirbandhe samutpanne durAsade sI. pazyasi 3. kAryavizAradaH 3 ane. TI. sI pazyasi 30. brUhi vAkyavidAM vara.

Page #25
16 rAmAyaNa 22 3 asmina nA 42yA aham me 1 me. saMyoge 2 sIna bha 3 3. devairapi durAkrame sI. pazyasi .. tvaM vIra 40 2 me nirbandhe thI. samutpanne sudAruNe, sI pazyasi 32 kAryavizAradaH ___ 3 me bI sandehe samprAptavati duSkare sI pazyasi hI kAryavizAradaH kAmamasya tvamevaikaH kAryasya parisAdhane / paryAptaH paravIraghna yazasyaste phalodayaH // 28 // sI. 2 balodayaH te 4 prabhAe 20 se 3 wi e 1 DI tu balodayaH 2 . na tvaducitaM mama 3 0 14 jI 2. nAnyazceti matirmama 3 30 kiMtu vijJApayAmi te balaiH samagraiyudhi taM rAvaNaM jitya saMyuge / vijayI svapuraM yAyAt tat tasya sadRzaM bhavet // 29 // sI 1 TI me yadi sI.... purIM 3. tattu me syAd yazaskaram bha. nathI 3 ane TI meM yadi kI hatvA rAvaNamAhave purIM rAmo / nayet tat syAd yazaskaram 1 me yadi kI vijitya ca dazAnanam sI. rAmo sI 3 lebha. 2 5chInA Reas pachI mAve che. me bI zaraistamugraM yadi mAM yudhi nirjitya rAvaNam sI. rAmo 1. sI. 3 bha meM yadi jI jitvA rAvaNamAhave sI ayodhyAM svaM purIM rAmo 80 sI uThebha bI 2 e yadi jI nihatya rajanIcarAna sI. 31. nayecca rAmaH paraM tat syAd yazaskaram use lI jitvA mAM rAvaNaM yadi saMyuge sI. 31 nayeta svapurI rAmastat syAt tasya yazaskaram balaistu saMkulAM kRtvA laGkAM parabalArdanaH / mAM nayed yadi kAkutsthastat tasya sadRzaM bhavet // 30 // sI 1 bhane 2 8. me zaraistu..... bhI. 2 thI parapuraJjayaH 3 jI purIm sI 3 e 1 ane 3 bI 2 ane 3mAM AnI pahelAM nimnapadya Ave che.

Page #26
17 harmana yAkobI yathAhaM tasya vIrasya varAda upadhinA hRtA / rakSasA tadbhayAd eva tathA nArhati rAghavaH // e 1 bI vaJcayitvA hRtA vanAt / bI 2 bI sI virahe rudatI satI / hRtA hyetena pApena 3 bI balAd sI. jIvatAM rakSasAM eva / tad yathA tasya vikrAntaM anurUpaM mahAtmanaH / bhaved AhavazUrasya tathA tvamupapAdaya // 31 // bhavatya te 4 prabhArI 28 bhane 3 sI. TI, e 2 3bI 2,3 tad arthopahitaM vAkyaM prazritaM hetusaMhitam / nizamya hanumAn zeSaM vAkyamuttaramabravIt // 32 // sI 1 TI bhI prazritaM ne pahale sahitam zeSaM bhATe vIra 2ii tasya (!) 3 sI. nizamyAhaM tatas. abruvam TI sa2 . me 2 jI... saMyutaM, sI tasyA 3 zrI. saMyutam sI. prazamyAhaM tatastasyA, 30 abruvam bI 2 bI prasRtam, sI vIro 3 00 prasRtam sI prazamyAhaM tataH hI abruvam devi haryakSasainyAnAM IzvaraH plavatAM varaH / sugrIvaH satyasampannastavArthe kRtanizcayaH // 33 // sI 1 TI sI sattva.... u bhane TI. sI. sattva.. TI. 2 mA mA bhane una 46 sudhInAM padyo nathI. me 1,2,3 bI pravatAM, sI. sattva.... 3 se bI. sainyena saMvRttaH / bI 2,3 e vAnarasainyAnAM, sI. sattva 2 vI zatrutApanaH / sa vAnarasahasrANAM koTibhirabhisaMvRtaH / kSiprameSyati vaidehi rAkSasAnAM nibarhaNaH // 34 //

Page #27
rAmAyaNa sI 2 sugrIvaH plavagAdhipaH, ubha nathI. e 1 DI niSUdakaH 2 . priyakRt te mahAbalaH, 3 bhai nathI. bI 2 sI DI sugrIvo vaidehi plavagAdhipaH ubhA nathI 35 thI. 41. 2. sI. me mAM nathI. tasya vikramasampannAH sattvavanto mahAbalAH / manaH saMkalpasaMpAtA nideze harayaH sthitAH // 35 // sI 3 sI. sadRzA. me 131 nirdeze 3 bI. satya sI....... siddhArthA nirdaze bI 2 sI. ... ...sampannA nirdeze 3 sI.....sampannA yeSAM nopari nAdhastAnna tiryak sajjate gatiH / na ca karmasu sIdanti mahatsvamitatejasaH // 36 // sI 1 TI vagaire nahi, 3 20 se eSAm, me u me teSAm me 2 Ane 3 nAdhazca, sI na te, 3 vikramAH asakRt tairmahautsAhai: sasAgaradharAdharA / pradakSaNIkRtA bhUmirvAyu mArgAnusAribhiH // 37 / / sI 1 sI pradakSiNA 3 mane TI 3 meM zrI mahAbhAgairvAnaraibalasaMyutai,: e 1 DI sarva 3 me taizcApIyaM mahAbhAgaiH sattvavadbhirmahAtmamiH bI 2 bhane u me naikazastairmahAbhAgaiH madviziSTAzca tulyAzca santi tatra vanaukasaH / mattaH pratyavaraH kazcinnAsti sugrIvasannidhau // 38 // bI 2 ume tathA tulyAH ahaM tAvad iha prAptaH kiM punaste mahAbalAH / nahi prakRSTAH preSante preSyante hItare janAH // 39 // e 1 DI hInate 2 . preSayantyavarAn varAH / kI 2 3 sI.30 nahi prakRSTAn preSayAMstu preSayantyavarAvarAn /

Page #28
harmana yAkobI 18 tad alaM paritApena devi zoko vyapaitu te / ekotpAtena te laGkAmeSyanti hariyUthapAH // 40 // bhI 3 bhane 3 2040 zoko nA 42yAme manyur 3 2ii sI te bhATe vai e 1 bhane, 3 jI manyur 3 31 kapikuJjaraH jI. 2 3 40 manyurapaitu 31 haripuGgavAH mama pRSThagatau tau ca candrasUryAvivoditau / tvatsaMkAzaM mahAsaMghau nRsiMhAvAgamiSyanti // 41 // sI 1 TI sI mahAsattvau 3 sI. mahAbhAge TI. bha. 5 tema the 1. sI. mahAsatvau 30. rAjaputrAviheSyataH 3 se bhI hRSTatuSTA tu vaidehi bhaviSyasyAcArAdiva sI mahAbhAgau bI 2 ane 3 sI mIMmAna 3 e va ne badale di ahIMthI 48 sudhInA zloko 3mAM nathI. tau hi vIrau naravarau sahitau rAmalakSmaNau / Agamya nagarI laGkAM sAyakairvidhamiSyataH // 42 // sI 1 Tara meM tato vIrau me 1,2 me tau ca, bhImA nathI.. sagaNaM rAvaNaM hatvA rAghavo raghunandanaH / tvAmAdAya varArohe svapurI pratiyAsyati // 43 // sI 1 TI svapuram 2 me bhI rAkSasaM hatvA nacirAd svAm me 1 . svapuram 2 bI nacirAd 31. svAM purImabhiyAsyati / bI 2 bI varavarNinIm 3. svAM purIm tad Azvasihi bhadraM te bhava tvaM kAlakAGkSiNI na cirAd drakSyase rAmaM prajvalantamivAnilam // 44 // sI 2 e samAs.....sI.32 kSipraM drakSyasi rAmeNa nihataM rAvaNaM raNe. e 1 DI acirAd drakSyasi patiM tapantamiva bhAskaram

Page #29
20 rAmAyaNa 2 sI DI mAM sI ra jema, bImAM paNa tevuM nihate rAkSasendre ca saputrAmAtyabAndhave / tvaM sameSyasi rAmeNa zazAGkeneva rohiNI // 45 // 1 TI e mATe mina e 1 ane 2 e 2 nI jagyAe tuM kSipraM tvaM devi zokasya pAraM drakSyasi maithili / rAvaNaM caiva rAmeNa drakSyase nihataM balAt // 46 // sI 2 TI kSiprameSyati kAkutstho haryaRkSapravarairyutaH (TI. vRtaH) / yaste yudhi vinirjitya zokaM vyapanayiSyati // Tara 1 bI yAsyasi 1 nihataM drakSyase cirAt bhejI yAsyasi 2mane ubhImA nathI. evamAzvAsya vaidehIM hanumAn mArutAtmajaH / gamanAya matiM kRtvA vaidehI punarabravIt // 47 // abhyavAdayat / e 2 DI jAnakIm 7. 30. jAnakIm nimnalikhita padyo ramAM nathI. taM arighnaM kRtAtmAnaM kSipraM drakSyasi rAghavam / lakSmaNaM ca dhanuSpANi laGkAdvAramupAgatam // 48 // sI 3 e arighnaM siMhasaMkAzam te 4 prabhA TI 3 sI dhanuSmantam 31. TI. 3 upasthitam e 1 sI sasugrIvam 31 upasthitam u se arighnaM siMhavikrAntam bI. drakSyati 3. upasthitam bI e bI na cirAd drakSyase rAmaM sugrIvaM ca mahAbalam, hI upasthitim nakhadaMSTrAyudhAn vIrAn siMhazArdUlavikramAn / vAnarAn vAraNendrAbhAn kSipraM drakSyasi saMgatAn // 49 // e 3 sI vAnarendrAMzca / drakSyati kI 3 sI vAnarendrAbhAn 31. cAgatAn

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harmana yAkobI zailAmbudanikAzAnAM laGkA malaya sAnuSu / nardatAM kapimukhyAnAM Arye yuthAnyanekazaH // 50 // sI 3 DI nacirAcchoSyase svanam. TI 3 acirAcchoSyasi svanam e 1 sI hari... zroSyasi nisvanam 3 sI. 30 kapInAM nardatAm Arye zroSyase nacirAd giraH / jI meM nIlAmba.... sI.30 .....sainyAnAM nacirAcchrosyase dhvanim 1 (sIe)mAM samApananA zloko sa tu marmANi ghoreNa tADito manmatheSunA / na zarma labhate rAmaH siMhArdita iva dvipaH // 51 // me me sa hi marmasu ghoreSu ruda mA devi zokena mA bhUt te manaso bhayam / . zazIva bharnA zakreNa saMgamiSyasi zobhane // 52 // TIpI priyaM sI patyA 31 bharnA nAthavatI hyasi me me mA zuco devyazokArhe bhI manasi klamaH ___sI vazinI zrIrivendreNa 3. 2. nAma - rAmAd viziSTaH ko'nyosti kazcit saumitriNA samaH / agni-mAruta kalpau tau bhrAtarau tava saMzrayo // 53 // me me jI ko (pa) viziSTAstu rAmeNa saumitrervApi kaH samaH saMzrayaH / nAsmizcitraM vatsyasi devi deze rakSogaNairadhyaSite'tiraudre na te cirAdAgamanaM priyasya kSamasva matsaMgamakAlamAtram // 54 // me tatsaGga 3 (sI e bI)mAM samAptinA zloko nivRttavanavAsaM ca tvayA sArdhamarindama / abhiSiktaM ayodhyAyAM kSipraM drakSyasi rAghavam // 28 //

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rAmAyaNa e A nirva... mATe tu DI jhUkSati tato mayA vAgbhiradInabhASiNI zivAbhiriSTAbhirabhiprasAditA / uvAha zAnti mama maithilAtmajA tavAtizokena tathAtipIDitA // 29 // TI e masiMA, sI na TE, DI fpa zona tA e e tathA bI mAya rituM prasAvitA. sI vAra, DI 7 vApi yathAni... bI e tathA sIDI 3vI zakti mama vAra nAnI 7 vApi zIva pragahIvanandritA | pAdaTIpa 1. barnelanI (tAMjAranA mahelanI saMskRta hastapratonI vargIkRta anukramaNikA, 1879, 1888) pR.179 para, kataka vize A pramANe noMdha che. tenA vatana vize cokkasa hovuM azakya che, paNa, maMgalazlokamAM kAlahastIzane namaskAra dakSiNa telugu pradezano nirdeza kare che. rAmavargane uddhata karelA 2-70-29 paranA khaMDamAM kataka kAMjIvaramAM jo vA maLatA eka vizeSa prakAranA vAhana(mAnava)no ullekha kare che. jyArI 2 tathA prasiddham. dekhItuM che ke, kataka dakSiNanA hatA. jo, TIkAkAra rAmAnujane saMpradAyanA sthApaka sAthe ekarUpa gaNI zakAya to te ApaNI dakSiNa bhAratanI vAcanAnA vistAranA anumodanamAM eka vadhArAno purAvo banaze, ane, e ja rIte, tavArIkha para AdhArita nirNaya mATe eka rasaprada sUcana nIvaDaze. rAmavarmana tilakamAM 5-2819mAM (rAmAnunasamrAyapusta6) rAmAnuja no ullekha kare che. tilakanA kartA rAmavarmanuM mahArASTra athavA uttara bhAratanA jaNAya che, kAraNa ke te 5-1-168 para vitAne samajAvatAM vandavAno ullekha kare che. A zabda marAThI ane hindustAnI bannemAM sarakho che. 1-59-19 para muSTika zabdanI TonDa thI samajUtI paNa A ja matane anumodana Ape che. A zabda hindInA Doma ane marAThInA DonDa sAthe samAnatA dharAve che. A zabano nikAla karanArI halakI jAtinuM nAma che. brAunanA telugu zabdakozamAM A zabda nathI. 1864nI prathama bombe AvRtinI dvitIya bombe AvRti saMzodhita AvRtti che. jemAMthI mUI uddhata kare che te vadhAre jUnI kalakattA AvRtti mane upalabdha nathI. paNa huM jANuM chuM ke, pratApa caMdrarAya (kalakattA 1881)nI pachInI AvRtti (ja mane bheTa maLelI)nA eka thI cAra kAMDo, meM sarakhAvyA che te bombe AvRtti sAthe maLatA che. mahezvaratIrtha ane govindarAjanI TIkAovALI madrAsa 1856nI sauthI jUnI telugu AvRttinI mane jANa che. anantanArAyaNa zAstrI ane rAmasvAmI zAstrI A be paMDitoe A AvRtti

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harmana yAkobI 23 taiyAra karI che. (nAnAzAnItazrImadrAmAyaNamUnA-nAsthapATame yupyu$vivArapUrva mukhya saMzodhya) 1863mAM beglorathI kannaDa lipimAM prakAzita pahelA cha kAMDonA pATha sAthe, A AvRttino pATha maLato Ave che ane, A AvRttimAMthI, meM sarakhAmaNI karI che tyAM sudhI madrAsa 1869nI gIphlemIsTaranI AvRttio chApavAmAM AvI che. 1869mAM madrAsamAM graMthalipimAM chapAyelI AvRtti paNa huM jayAre A AvRttiono ullekha karuM chuM athavA to pAThAntaro noMdhuM chuM tyAre, huM temanA mATe t, kit, G, saMjJAo prayojuM chuM. 3. kataka sabhAnapaNe prakSipta-zlokonI svIkRti vize kevo vyavahAra kare che te vicAraNAmAM levAnuM che. game te hoya, bIjI vAcanAno pATha temane jANIto na hato athavA to, ochAmAM ochuM emane noMdhapAtra lAgyo na hato e hakIkatano vicAra karIe to, AnAthI viparita paristhitine pahelethI ja bAkAta rAkhavAmAM AvI che. 4. potAnI AvRttinA vilsananA viSNupurANano anuvAda 2-190 ane 3-317. 5. telugu ane kannaDa AvRttiomAM te te pATha maLe che. 6. telugu 1, kannaDa adazyata pATha. 7. telugu 1,2, kannaDa pratyAhAMDazumatI varSa: I vadhu mahattvanI aMlaMkArazAstrIonA graMthomAMthI ApaNe A vibhinna zailIonI lAkSaNikatAo zI hatI te jANIe chIe eTale ApaNe vizvAsapUrvaka e vidhAna karI zakIe tema chIe ke je zailInI bhinnatA rAmAyaNanA vividha vAcanAonA uddagam mATe javAbadAra na hatI. gauDIzailInI lAkSaNikatAo rAmAyaNanA baMgALI saMskaraNamAM jovA maLatI nathI. 9. mahezvaratIrthe eka pragalma aTakaLa karI hovAnuM jaNAya che. rAmavarmanuM potAnA taraphathI koI AdhAra sivAya mahezvaratIrthanI aTakaLo jaNAve che. dA.ta. bI.vI. 13-42 tIrthastu 'virAtrIyam mama' iti pAThaM prakalpya 45 atra 'jIvita saMgamaH' iti pAThaM kalpayAmAsa / 10. zlegala prastAvanAnA pR. 34 para jaNAve che ke, eka TIkAkAra pramANe 2-101, zloka (taM tu sama: vagere) dAkSiNAtya pAThamAM nathI maLato paNa, tIrtha ane rAmavarmanuM A prakArano kazo ullekha karatA nathI. ethI ulaTuM govindarAjanA kahevA pramANe zloka khoTI jagyAe (101 sargamAM) che. 103mA sarga pachI te 104mAM sarga tarIke Ave che. kannaDa, telugu ane graMtha AvRtiomAM kharekhara pachInI jagyAe che. ahIM e paNa ullekhI zakAya ke, raghuvaMza 13-73 para mallinAtha bombe AvRttimAMthI 6-127-41 zloka TAMke che. paNa, temAM mavAne badale mavAdya tata: pATha che. dakSiNabhAratanI AvRttiomAM paNa A Ave che. e bombe AvRtti sAthe lagabhaga maLato Ave che, jayAre bI 111-36 judo zloka Ape che. mallinAtha raghuvaMzanA 2-75 para rAmAyaNano 1-37, 10 thI 14 zloko TAMke che. 10emAM teo bombe AvRttinA param viruddha TI nI sAthe parvatam vAMce che. TInA netu thI UlaTuM bombanI sAthe 13 emAM rUtyenad vAMce che ane 13dmAM

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rAmAyaNa TI na, avorthava ane bombanA avazIrthata nI jagyAe avIryata vAMce che. A ja TIkAkAra kirAta 1-9 para nindrIya pramaza svaroSe paraNavat TAMke che. bombe ane dakSiNa bhAratIya AvRttiomAM 2-1-24mAM svatoSaparakoSavit evuM juduM pAThAntara che. A e ane bImAM to che ja nahIM. 11. juo bUhalarano kAzmIrano ahevAla pR. 47. khUhalare vAcanAnA prazna sAthe Ane saMbaMdha che, teno ullekha karyo che. huM pro. sTenano AbhArI chuM. emaNe kSemendranA graMthanI hastaprata mane meLavI ApI. D B E

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bIjo vibhAga prakSipta aMzo vize mAhitI have ApaNe eka bIjA kSetranI samIkSA karIe. jeo rAmAyaNano abhyAsa karavAmAM rokAyelA che teo e tAraNa para cokkasa AvyA che ke vAcanAomAMnI bhinnatA sivAya paNa pAThamAM ghaNAM umeraNo ane parivartano che. huM have AdikavinI kalamamAMthI na utarI AvyA hoya tevA ghaNA aMzo che te darzAvavAno prayatna karIza. pahelo prayatna to e che : kayA mApadaMDathI purAtana pAThathI pachInA khaMDane judo tAravI zakAya? ApaNe keTalAMka paribaLo joIzuM jemAM chaMda sauthI mahattvanuM sthAna dharAve che. thoDA apavAdo sivAya rAmAyaNamAM zlokanuM mApa barAbara jALavavAmAM AvyuM che. ApaNe enI carcA pachI karIe chIe. mahAbhAratamAM ane kRtrima kavitAomAMnA jevA ja chaMdo che. pathyA sivAya paNa vipulAnA cAra prakAro to jANItA ja che. ane tenA je niyamo jaNAvavAmAM Ave che te ahIM paNa lAgu paDe ja che. niyamamAM aNaciMtavyA apavAdo paNa dhyAnamAM lIdhA che. huM bombe AvRttinA 2 thI 6 kAMDomAMnA apavAdo noMdhamAM UtAruM chuM ane sAthe sAthe dakSiNa bhAratIya AvRttionA pATho tema ja tenI sAthe bI-1mAM samAnatA dharAvatA zlokono paNa ullekha karuM chuM'. chaMdanI dRSTie khAmI dharAvanArA zlokomAMthI ghaNA ochA 2-6 kAMDamAM Ave che, ane tethI sagavaDa mATe ApaNe enI kAMI noMdha na paNa laIe paNa 1 ane 7 kAMDomAM te kevI rIte Ave che, jyAre vidvAno temanI pramANabhUtatA vize ja vAjabI zaMkA dharAve che. hakIkakatamAM, chaMdanI viziSTatAne lAgevaLage che tyAM sudhI A be kAMDo bAkInAthI judA paDatA nathI. zloka te ja lakSaNo niyamitapaNe darzAve che ane teno kuzaLatAthI upayoga karavAmAM Avyo che. paNa temAM be apavAdo che. eka to pahelA kAMDamAM

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rAmAyaNa, vizvAmitra prasaMga ane chellA kAMDamAM rAvaNa-prasaMga A baMnnemAM evA ghaNA zloko che je chaMdanI daSTie viziSTa ane doSabharyA hoya. pahelAM khaMDamAM nIcenAM caraNo aniyamita che. 1-54-9 vamuwtu vraE (bI 1 55-9 brahmaEvamustu) pa3-3 sekannaDu plecchatha (bI. pa6-3 2 nI jagyAe tu) (TI... 2 svaicchI e 1. 2 ro.) 56-14 tevu zAntapu brahmAstram (te ja pramANe bI ane TI) 64-5 mAM mA paivI rAkhe padaM te varuNva mama zAsanam (TI mA paivIrvam vara roDe) (gAyathI) (bI 66- 5 vaM me zaru mAM maipI: priya che priyabhASiNI ) 65-13 samUDhamiva grovacam (bImAM nathI) 65-27 pUnAmA draSim (bImAM nathI) 64-5 nA apavAda sivAya A sarva caraNo chaMdanI dRSTie gAthA-bolInI jema barAbara che. A carcAspada 54-56 ane 65 sargonI bAbatamAM sAcu che. A sargomAM vizvAmitre brahmarSinuM pada prApta karyAnI vAta che. AnI vacce AvanArA 57 thI 64 sargomAM vizvAmitra vizenI purAkathAo (trizaMku, ambarISa ane zunaH zepa) nuM AMzika nirUpaNa thayuM che. paNa mukhya kathAnaka sAthe sIdhuM joDAyeluM nathI ane AMzika rIte, prathama vArtAnuM ja vistaraNa che jemAM vizvAmitra prathama rAjarSi (57) pachI maharSi (63, 64) ane chevaTe brahmarSinuM gaurava prApta kare che. eTale chaMdanI vizeSatA e hakIkatano pUrAvo che ke khaMDa saMpUrNa hoya ane sarva vAcanAomAM svIkRta hoya to te, mULa lekhaka sivAyanA kavie racelo hoya ane mULa lekhake teno samAveza karyo hoya. e ja AdhAre rAvaNakathAcakra dharAvanArA 7mA kAMDanA bhAgane paNa bhinna kaviracita svIkAravo joIe. tenA kAraNamAM ahIM paNa bahu vistArI nahIM tevA khaMDamAM chaMdanI daSTie viziSTa ane ati khAmIbharyA evAM cha caraNo maLe 5-26 6-26 amarAvata samAsArthe matAnuna va vica

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harmana yAkobI 27 16 -5 rvi nimitta rUchI me (TI. 1vezyA) 16-30 tA vardhanu vanitA (TI. 1.vartutha, tIrtha: naSpakSa mArgama) 21-14 saMtAryamALanuM vaitALIm 30-10 pakSanacatuSpAto vA (TI. 1 pakSa vatuSko lahiyAnuM parivartana) goresIomAM pa-26 mamavatImAsAda (?) (chaMdanI dRSTie khoTuM) 6-33 matAnunI vicaH (sI pramANe) 16-5 jimiTuM yannimitta tu ! 16-36 mAsanegRDha vanitA 25-11 tIrthamAnuM vaitaraNIm (chaMdanI daSTie khoTuM) 38-10 vasukho vA pakSI vA (lahiyAnuM parivartana) "emAM mamarAvatI samAsArthe yamanAknI dartivaH (chaMdanI dRSTie khoTuM) kimidaM hyanimittaM me AsanebhyaH pracalitA (sattArthamAnuM vaitara nathI) (fkSAt zloka emAM bilakula judo che.) uparanAM traNe caraNo nava akSaranAM che. emAMnuM eka koI paNa parivartana sivAya bI mAM sacavAyuM che. yamatAnunI hartivaH eka emAM mamarAvatI che. be bImAM Ave che. jemAM eka akSarane dabAvI devAthI te ATha akSarano thaI jAya che. paNa A rIte punarracanA pAmeluM caraNa chaMdanI daSTie khAmIbharyuM che. ane A enA pAdamAM paNa Ave che. emAM koI zaMkA ja nathI ke A traNa nava akSaranA pAdo mULa che. eTale bAkInA aniyamita pAdomAMno eka (fkSaNaza) paNa mULano che. tethI aniyamita zloka racanAnAM cAra udAharaNo che. A eka khaMDa sAmagrInI daSTie saMpUrNa che ane svAyatta che. chaMdano AdhAra rAkhIne kAvyanA judA-judA vibhAgonuM parIkSaNa karavAthI je

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28 rAmAyaNa pariNAma prApta thAya che te ApaNA hetu mATe jUja mahattvanuM che. bhalene pachI te rasaprada jaNAtuM hoya kAraNa ke samagra sAtamo kAMDa ja pachInuM umeraNa che e vAtanI zaMkA thaI zake tema nathI. chaThThI kAMDanA samApanathI ja te pratipAdita thAya che. tyAM zravattinuM vacana ApavAmAM AvyuM che. rAmAyaNa je sAMbhaLaze tene A phaLa prApta thaze. (Ativyandri vArSa purA vAlmIkinA to jayAre samApana racAyuM tyAre A phaLazruti yathArtha hatI ane haju uttarakAMDa rAmAyaNano abhinna bhAga na hato. e ja rIte vizvAmitra prasaMga pAchaLanuM umeraNa che. e mAhitIno kaMI khAsa lAbha ApaNane maLato nathI kAraNa ke eDolpha holTajhamene yogya kAraNothI prathama kAMDanI adhikRtatA vize zaMkA uThAvI che. (bhAratIya rAzinuM grIka mULa, kArla sRhena 1841-pR. 36) ApaNe AgaLa A muddAnI paNa samIkSA karIzuM. paNa prAthamika sAdhanarUpe pahelA kAMDanI adhikRtatAnI viruddhanI tArkika dalIlo ApaNI najara samakSa rAkhavI hitAvaha che. jo A dalIlo yathArtha hoya, to paNa prakSipta khaMDanI mAhitInA praznamAM teno zo upayoga! pahelethI ja prakSipta evA pahelA kAMDamAM haju evo khaMDa che je vadhu pAchaLathI umerAyelo che. atyAra sudhI ApaNane je pariNAmo maLyAM che te saMtoSajanaka nathI. ApaNe sau pahelAM chaMdanI sahAyathI samIkSA karIe chIe. kAraNa ke tenI sahAyathI ApaNe kAvyanuM yathArtha mUlyAMkana karavAnI AzA rAkhIe chIe. jo ApaNo A prayatna niSphaLa jAya to vadhAre udyama sAthe ApaNe bIjA mApadaMDa pAse javuM joIe. vaLI bIjI rIte paNa pAThanA vibhinna bhAgone chUTA pADavA mATe paNa chaMdano upayoga thaI zake. pracalita pAkya zloko uparAMta zlokanA cAra prakAra maLe che je vipulAthI jANItA che. praziSTa kRtio vize meM darzAvyuM che te pramANe (Indische studien 17, pR. 444) ahIM paNa vipulAnA vibhinna prakAronuM pramANa ane pAThya zlokonA saMdarbhamAM pramANa kavie kavie juduM paDe che. ane pratyeka kavinA vaiyaktika abhyAsa anusAra hoya che. AvAM samIkSaNo rAmAyaNanA bhinna bhAgo vize paNa AraMbhI zakAya paNa e zaMkAspada che ke A rIte khAsa kiMI siddha karI zakAya kAraNa ke bharosApAtra sarerAza meLavavA mATe vistRta aMzono AdhAra levo paDe. jayAM prakSepaNa zaMkAspada che te nAnA aMzomAM A pAThano koI upayoga nathI. A samIkSaNanuM pariNAma darzAvavA huM hajAranuM pramANa gaNatarI mATe lauM chuM. bIjA kAMDanA 16OO zloko je rIte Ave che te rIte AMkaDA mUkuM chuM. pachIthI pahelAmAMthI (3) ane bIjAmAMthI (3) indrajita prasaMgomAMthI (6-44 thI 50 ane 6-80 thI 90) pachIthI hanumAna prasaMgamAMthI (4) Ave che. (pa-1 thI 55) ane chevaTe (5) vizvAmitra

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harmana yAkobI 29 prasaMgamAMthI (1-54 thI 65) AMkaDAo ApavAmAM AvyA che. e dhyAnapAtra che ke bIjA khaMDamAM trIjA prakAranI vipulA ane cothA khaMDamAM bIjA prakAranI vipulAnI saMkhyA pahelA khaMDanI sarerAza saMkhyA karatAM ghaNI pAchaLa rahe che. jyAre pAMcamA khaMDamAM pahelA prakAranI vipulAnI saMkhyA asvAbhAvikapaNe UMcI che paNa AnA AdhAre ethI moTAbhAganA kAvyanA kartA karatAM, bIjA koI kavinuM kartutva gaNavAnuM bahu ja jokhamI che. - vipulA 1 2 3 4 1. khaMDa 38 29 32 4 2. khaMDa 38 28 17 6 3. khaMDa 39 31 28 1 4. khaMDa 41 12 33 2 5. khaMDa 65 21 285 keTalAka khaMDomAM vipulAmAM paDyo puSkaLa maLe che. to bIjA keTalAkamAM bahu ja ochAM che e paNa jaNAvI zakAya. zuM ahIM prakSipta khaMDo ochA pramANamAM che ke kavi jyAre vArtA kahevAno AraMbha kare che tyAre vipulA padya tenA mAnasamAM jhabake che. mane ghaNIvAra evuM lAgyuM che ke vipulA paghathI navuM viSayavastu AraMbhAya che. bhASAkIya viziSTatA ekabIjAthI kartAone judA tAravavAnuM eka bIjuM sAdhana che. saMbhavataH kozagata AMkaDAkIya gaNatarI darzAvaze ke keTalAka zabdo kavitAnA keTalAka bhAgamAM Ave che to bIje teo anupasthita hoya che. meM mArA vidyArthI zrI viSkrane saMjJAvAcaka nAmo ane vizeSaNo aMge AvuM samIkSaNa karavAnuM kahyuM che ane meM jANyuM che ke tene rasaprada pariNAmo maLyAM che. alabatta A mApadaMDa gauNa sAdhanarUpe tyAre ja apanAvAnuM che jayAre bIjA kAraNothI khaMDa prakSipta jaNAto hoya. chevaTe vyAkaraNagata aniyamitatAono paNa ullekha karavo joIe. paNa samagra kAvyamAM temAM lagabhaga ekavAkyatA che. pariNAmataH A lAkSaNikatAne adhikRtathI prakSitane alaga tAravavA mATenI kasoTI tarIke nahIM gaNI zakIe. 1887nA Koing Saehs. Gesellschaft der Wissenschaft-l Phil. Hist. 11 31941 ell boTalInkanA saMgrahamAMthI meM kazuM lIdhuM nathI. kadAca ApaNA khAsa prayojanamAM eno je paNa upayoga thAya te kharo.

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30 rAmAyaNa jyAre sarva sthaLe lAgu paDI zake, tevA taTastha (Objective) mApadaMDathI adhikRta ke prakSita khaMDanI cakAsaNI) karavAnA ApaNA prayatno niSphaLa jAya che tyAre dareka udAharaNamAM AMtarika pramANone AdhAre ApaNe samasyAne hala karavAno prayatna karavo joIe. A prayatnamAM ApaNe potAnI pUrvanA ke pachInA bhAga sAthe virodha darzAvato khaMDa hoya to tene tAravavo joIe. vadhumAM samagra varNanamAM svAbhAvika ke vilakSaNa parivartana darzAvatuM hoya athavA to bAhya svarUpamAM koI vicitratAo hoya to tene tAravavAM joIe. huM evA khaMDanI cakAsaNI AraMbhu chuM jemAM moTA khaMDanuM prakSepaNa ghaNe aMze zakya che. huM hanumat prasaMganI vAta karI rahyo chuM jeno meM pahelA bhAganA bIjA khaMDamAM ullekha karyo che. hanumAnano rAvaNanI azokavATikAmAM sItA sAthe vArtAlApa ane pachI temanI vidAya lIdhA pachI hanumAne vicAryuM ke (pa-41) rAkSaso sAthe kevI rIte thoDuM tophAna karI zakAya. temaNe azokavATikAno nAza karyo. potAnA virATa svarUpathI rAkSasIone DarAvI ane rAvaNe temanI sAme mokalelA rAkSaso sAthe lohiyALa yuddha khelyuM. temaNe ghaNA zatruone parAbhUta karyA ane chevaTe rAvaNanA putra ane to mArI nAkhyo. paNa indrajite brahmAstrathI temane bAMdhI dIdhA. pachI temane rAvaNa samakSa lAvavAmAM Ave che. to rAma taraphathI temanA dUta tarIke sItAne rAmane soMpI devAnuM kahe che. krodhamAM AvI rAvaNa tene mArI nAkhavA Icche che paNa vibhISaNa Thapako Ape che ke dUtane mArI nAkhI na zakAya paNa tene aMgavikala karIne daMDa karI zakAya. rAvaNe temanI pUMchaDI telamAM boLelAM cIMtharAMthI vIMTALI dIdhI ane pachI tene saLagAvI nagaramAM pheravavAmAM AvatAM, hanumAne potAne baMdhanamAMthI mukta karyA jethI karIne agni temane kazI IjA pahoMcADI zake nahIM (kAraNa ke sItAe hanumAnane rakSavAnI agnine prArthanA to karI ja hatI) ane saLagatI pUMchaDI sAthe eka gharathI bIjA ghara para hanumAna kUdavA lAgyA ane AkhI laMkAmAM Aga lagADI. zubha zukano ane cAraNonAM gItoe sarva jagyAe phelAelI Aga sItAne to bhoga nahIM banAve ne evA hanumAnanA bhayane zAMta karyo. ahIMyAM uparyukta ane padamA sargamAM punarAvartana pAmI vidAya dazya puruM thAya che. bombe AvRttimAM nIcenA zloko vArtAnA cAlu pravAhamAM aMtarAyarUpa bane che.* rAkSasAn pravarAn hatvA nAma vizrAvya cAtmanaH / samAzvAsya ca vaidehI darzayitvA paraM balam // 23 //

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harmana yAkobI 31 nagarImAkulaM kRtvA vaMcayitvA ca rAvaNam / darzayitvA balaM ghoraM vaidehImabhivAdya ca // 24 // pratigantuM manazcakre punarmadhyena sAgaram / tataH sa kapizArdUlaH svAmisandarzanotsukaH // 25 // bAroTa rizeSamariSTanemiH vigere dakSiNa bhAratanI AvRttio, tIrtha ane govindarAja tataH sa thI sIdho AraMbha karIne cAlu karI de che. ApaNe hanumAna-prasaMganI pUrve ane pazcAtuM AvatA vidAya-dazya vize vizeSa tAraNo para AvIe te pahelAM ApaNe e paNa nizcita karavuM ghaTe ke mULa pratamAM (DIAoyusa yu Diakeuse U) paNa e ja paristhiti pravartatI hatI ke kema, kAraNa ke bImAM hanumAna-prasaMganI pahelAM vidAya-dazya AvatuM nathI. A (vidAya-dazya)sI ane emAM ja Ave che. eTale bahu ja vAjabI zaMkA upaje che ke ura-UR (mULa rAmAyaNa)mAM paNa hanumAna-prasaMga pahelAM Avato ke pachIthI. AMtarika pramANone AdhAre pachIno vikalpa asaMbhAvya che kAraNa ke paheluM to vidAya-dazya sItA sAthenA pahelAM AvatA saMvAdanuM svAbhAvika samApana che ane bIjuM, prasaMga pachIno bIjo zloka (dri vA mI) arthahIna che. kAraNa ke sItAnuM e bAliza vartana hatuM ke temaNe hanumAnane potAnI sAthe chUpAIne eka divasa vadhAre rahevAnuM kahyuM, jyAre hanumAna potAnA zatruo pAsethI mAMDa mAMDa chUTyA hatA. UlaTuM sItAnI IcchA A prasaMga pUrve ucita tyAre hatI ke jyAre hanumAnane tyAM sudhI koIe joyA na hatA. mULamAM eTale e zaMkA karavAnI nathI ke vidAya-dazya sI ane e mAM prasaMgapUrve ghaTyuM hatuM. paNa bIe punarAvartana TALavA A prasaMgane UMcakIne prasaMga pachI mUkyo. punaH e bI sIe prasaMga pachI Ane mUkyo. eTale e cokkasa che ke, ura UR (mULa rAmAyaNa)mAM paNa tyAM enuM punarAvartana karavAmAM AvyuM. vidAyanA dazyanuM punarAvartana Ama ati spaSTa hovA chatAM saMdarbhamAM asaMgata che. paNa ene e rIte saMtoSajanaka rIte samajAvI zakAya che ke samagra hanumAna-prasaMga ja pachInuM umeraNa che. tenA ahIM AropaNathI saMdarbhamAM khalela pahoMce che ane tethI tUTelA doranuM saMdhAna karavuM Avazyaka hatuM. sUto AvA sUkSma kAryamAM niSNAta na hatA ane mULanA kartAo (Diakeuasts) to ghaNA ja ochA nipuNa hatA. paNa khaMDanuM punarAvartana karIne teoe A muzkelInuM nivAraNa karyuM. ema karatAM pachInI vArtAne joDI dIdhI ane te rIte kathAkArano saMdarbha punaH anusaMdhAna karavAmAM zrotAone sahAya karI."

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32 rAmAyaNa have mULa kAvyamAM A prasaMga AgaMtuka che e hakIkatanA samarthanamAM ApaNI pAse be ADakatarA mahattvanA purAvA che. prathama to rAma pAse pAchA AvI (pa-65 thI 68) hanumAne potAnI ane sItA vacce je kaMI banyuM te sarvano ahevAla Ape che. (A prasaMge 3mAM noMdhyuM te pramANe vidAya-dazya Ave che) paNa laMkAmAMnAM potAnAM sAhaso, rAvaNa sAtheno vArtAlApa, temanI sAthe karavAmAM Avelo asabhya vyavahAra ane pote lIdhelo badalo A sarva vize te kazuM ja kahetA nathI. paNa A pachI AvatA 6-3mAM rAme rAvaNa, tenuM sainya ane laMkA vize hanumAnane ahevAla ApavAnuM kahyuM hovAthI te laMkAne samRddha ane surakSita citare che. A aNaghaDa rIte umerAelA padya 3-29nA spaSTa virodhamAM che, jenI zrotAne kaMI samaja paDI na hoya kAraNake haju sudhI laMkAnAM temanAM (hanumAnanAM) sAhasa vize to temane kazuM kahyuM nathI." te mayA saMkramA bhagnAH parikhAzcAvapUritAH / dagdhA ca nagarI laGkA prAkArAzcAvasAditAH // pachIthI laMkAdahana vize koI ullekha karavAmAM Avyo nathI. rAme nagarane ghero ghAlyo che, te vakhate ane laMkAdahana ane rAvaNanA mRtyune mahinAthI vadhu samaya thayo nathI chatAM, nagara pUrNa vaibhava sAthe UbhuM che. (pa.38.64, 65.25) bIjA purAvo 6-126mAM rAmanA anubhava vizeno hanumAnano ahevAla che. hanumAna tyAM kahe che. abhijJAnaM mayAdattaM rAmanAmAGgulIyakam / abhijJAnaM maNi labdhvA caritArtho'hamAgataH // 45 / / mayA ca punarAgamya rAmasyAkliSTakarmaNaH / abhijJAnaM mayA dattaM aciSmAn sa mahAmaNiH // 46 / / paNa laMkAmAMnA sAhasano koI ullekha nathI. A prasaMganI adhikRtatA viruddhano eka bIjo pUrAvo 46mA sargamAM che je samagra vRttAnta prastuta kare che. tyAM hanumAne haNelA yUpAkSa ane virUpAkSa yoddhAonuM varNana che. paNa A ja yoddhAo pachIthI jIvatA jaNAyA che. ane 6ThThI kAMDanA 76 ane 96mA sargomAM temanuM mRtyu nirUpAyuM che. paNa, sarga 38mAM hanumAna potAnA anubhavonuM bayAna vAnaro AgaLa kare che. tenAthI A samasyAno hala thato nathI. kAraNa ke A mAhitI zrotAo ke vAcako mATe binajarUrI che kAraNa ke A sarvanuM savistara varNana pahelAM thayuM ja che. A pachIthI umerAyuM che. te mATe e hakIkata che ke sItA pAsethI hanumAna be vAra vidAya le che. teno ullekha karavAmAM Avyo che.

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harmana yAkobI 33 punadRSTA ca vaidehI visRSTazca tayA punaH // 165 / / pachInA pa9 ane 60mA soMmAM A prasaMgano nirdeza karavAmAM Avyo che. paNa te eTalo ghaNAM punarAvartanothI gUMcavADAbharyo che ke (bI 59-7,8= 60-5,6 ane pa9-25-28=18, 59-61) tene prAcIna gaNI zakAya tema nathI. A prasaMganI adhikRtatAnI viruddhamAM purAvAo rajU karavAne badale A sargamAMno temano ullekha temanI potAnI adhikRtatA vize prazna Ubho kare che. zaMkAspada banelA A prasaMgamAM hanumAna rAvaNanA putrane haNe che. koI paNa vyaktine mATe evuM vicAravuM svAbhAvika gaNAze ke A parAkrama kAvyamAM halacala macAvI deze ane 6ThThA kAMDamAM yuddha dazyamAM AnuM aucitya paNa che. paNa akSano ullekha kevaLa 6-59-58 ane 6-60-7pa ema be sthaLe ja thayo che. A banne sthaLone sahelAIthI prakSipta gaNI zakIe tema chIe. 6-59 prakSipta che. e bIjI rIte paNa anumodita thAya che. A sarga zloka ane triSTra, chaMdanA mizraNamAM racAyo che. ahIM akaMpana ane narAntakane jIvatA darzAvyA che. jayAre padamAM sargamAM prathamanuM ane 58mAM bIjAnuM mRtyu nirUpAyuM che. vadhumAM ahIM varNavavAmAM AvelA lakSmaNanA rAvaNa sAthenA yuddhamAM rAvaNa lakSmaNane bhAlAthI vadhe che e kharekhara to sarga 100mAMnA A ja prasaMgonuM anukaraNa ane punardhaTana che. chevaTe jo ke rAma rAvaNa sAthe yuddha kare che. tyAre rAma 100-46 thI paramAM nirUpyA pramANe pahelavahelA rAvaNane maLe che. 60-75nA bIjA khaMDanI binaadhikRtatA saMdarbhamAMthI phalita thAya che. rAkSasoe kuMbhakarNane jagADyo che. ane tenI nidrA daramyAna rAmanuM samudrane pAra karavuM, laMkAdahana, hanumAna dvArA akSanuM haNAvuM (pa-7pa)nI banelI A ghaTanAothI tene vAkepha karavAmAM Ave che. paNa chellI be ghaTanAonI kubhakarNane jANa haze kAraNa ke, e banyA pachI rAkSaso sAthenI carcAmAM teNe te ja kAMDanA 12mA sargamAM jaNAvyuM che te pramANe bhAga lIdho che. hanumAna-prasaMganI zailIno bArIkAIthI abhyAsa karIe to rAmAyaNanA adhikRta khaMDo sAthe hanumAna prasaMga joDAyelo che te bAbatamAM mane zaMkA nathI thatI. khAsa to zloka pUro karavA mATe vizeSaNo ane nipAtono upayoga ane cokkasa varNanano abhAva khAsa dhyAnamAM Avaze. eka bIjI paNa bAbata ahIMyA jaNAvI devI joIe ane te e ke A prasaMganA moTA bhAgamAM eka prakArano viDaMbanAno bhAva vyApta che. prasaMganA ramUjI aMga para bhAra mUkavA hanumAnanI vAnaranI prakRtinuM ujjavaLa raMgomAM nirUpaNa karavAmAM

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34 rAmAyaNa AvyuM che. saMgItakAro A prasaMgane dAkhala karI, zrotAomAM hAsya utpanna karavAno prayatna karatA. eTale kavi e vicAravA raheto nathI ke, hanumAnanA pAtrane A zobhe che ke nahIM. jayAre satata vAnaronI pazuprakRtine AgaLa karavAmAM Ave che ane atizayatAbharyuM nirUpaNa karavAmAM Ave che tyAre viDaMbanAnI chApa UThe che. ane tethI saMbaMdhita khaMDanI adhikRtatA vize ApaNe zaMkAzIla banIe chIe. A rIte 5-61 thI 64mAM potAnI kUcanI saphaLatAthI vAnaro unmatta banI gayA ane madhuvanane chinnabhinna karI nAkhyAnA prasaMganuM varNana karavAmAM AvyuM che. A khaMDa binajarUrI ane gUMcavADo preranAro che. jo Ane kADhI nAkhIe to, 60mA sargano aMta 65mA sarganA AraMbha sAthe sahelAIthI joDAI jAya tasmAd gacchAma vai sarve yatra rAmaH sa-lakSmaNaH / sugrIvaza mahAtega: #AryaDAsya nivedrane II60-11 tataH prasravaNaM zailaM te gatvA citrakAnanam / praNamya zirasA rAmaM lakSmaNaM ca mahAbalam // 65-1 // have ApaNe nAnA-moTA khaMDonI adhikRtatAno vicAra karIzuM. sugrIva sItAnI zodhamAM vinata, hanumata, suSeNa ane zatabalinI AgevAnI heThaLa anukrame pUrva, dakSiNa, pazcima ane uttaramAM cAra samUhomAM vAnarone mokale che. A prasaMga jagatanI cAra dizAonuM varNana karavAnI sugrIvane taka pUrI pADe che. (4-40 thI 43) A cAra kUco mULa kAvyamAM ghaTI nathI ane kevaLa potAnA mitro sAthe hanumAnane ja sItA zodhavAnuM kAma soMpavAmAM AveluM che e hakIkatamAMthI phalita thAya che ke abhijJAnanA cihna rUpe mudrikA hanumAna laI jAya che. 44mAM sargamAM mULa vArtA Ave che jemAM sugrIva hanumAnane sItAnI zodha karavAno Adeza Ape che ane rAma mudrikA temane soMpe che.10 A vadhu traNa samUho mokalavAnI vArtAmAMnI asaMgatine dUra karavAno eka nabaLo prayatna pahelo zloka umerIne karavAmAM Avyo che. vizeSeNa tu sugrIvo hanumatyarthamuktavAn / sa hi tasmin harizreSThe nizcitArtho'rthasAdhane / sItA prati dUta tarIke hanumAnane pasaMda karavA ane chatAM bIjI traNa TUkaDIo mokalavI emAM rahelI asaMgati kRtimAM eka ke be zloka umerIne dUra thaI zake nahIM.

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harmana yAkobI 35 mULa pAThane sthApita karavA ane asaMgati dUra karavA ApaNe 40 thI 43 sargone dUra karavA joIe. A sargomAM cAra TUkaDIo ane cAra dizAonuM varNana karavAmAM AvyuM che. AnuM pariNAma e Ave che ke A sargo hoya to 45 thI 47 sargonuM koI vajUda rahetuM nathI ane 44mA sarganA aMtane ApaNe 48mA sarganA AraMbhanA bIjA zloka sAthe joDI zakIe. pachI vArtA koI paNa vikSepa vagara AgaLa cAle che. sa tad gRhya harizreSThaH kRtvA muni kRtAJjaliH / vanvitva va vaiva prasthita: plavarSama: II44-25II sa tu dUramupAgamya sarvaistaiH kapisattamaiH / tato vicitya vindhyasya guhAzca gahanAnica // 48-2 // ahIM ane 49-15mAM vijyano ullekha dhyAna kheMcanAro che. evuM samajI zakAya ke sItAnI zodhamAM hanumAne mukhyatve vidhyamAM paribhramaNa karyuM. kavinA manamAM paNa A ja hatuM te pa3-3 parathI paNa phalita thAya che. tyAM vAnaroe viSNunI taLeTImAM samudra joyo ane prAyopavezanano samaya to vItI gayo hato. eTale tyAM nizcaya karyo. have viSyanI zodha hanumAne dakSiNane khuMdI nAkhavAnA meLavelA Adeza sAthe asaMgata eTalA mATe bane che ke vidhyAcaLanI hAramALA kiSkindhAnI cheka uttare che. AthI taddana viparIta 41mA sargamAM dakSiNanuM varNana Ave che. jyAM vibhyano 5-8mAM sau prathama ullekha thayo che. pharIthI e paNa noMdhavuM joIze ke sugrIva jyAM Ubho che tyAMthI dizAonuM varNana zarU thatuM nathI. paNa gaMgAnA pradezomAMthI AraMbhAya che.11 je A khaMDanA kartAnuM vatana che. AraMbhabindumAM parivartana AvavuM e khaMDanA prakSipta hovAnA samarthanamAM navo pUrAvo che. kAraNa ke eTaluM to kalpI zakAya ke lekhaka varNita paristhitithI potAne eTalo dUra rAkhe ke jethI bhUlane koI avakAza na rahe. eTale jo uparyukta khaMDane dUra karavAmAM Ave to hanumAna sItAne zodhI kADhavAno Adeza meLave che ane tethI koI khAsa dizA zodhavAnI AvazyakatA UbhI thatI nathI. Ama karavAthI alabatta 6ThThI kAMDanA viSayavastu vizenI prAcInatama anukramaNikA ane pahelo kAMDa banne susaMgata bane che. 6-126-40mAM kahevAmAM AvyuM che AdiSTA vAnarendreNa sugrIveNa mahAtmanA / dazakoTyaH plavaGgAnAM sarvAH prasthApitAH dizaH // ane 1-1-71

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36 rAmAyaNa sa ca sarvAn samAnIya vAnarAn vAnararSabhaH / dizaH prasthApayAmAsa didRkSurjanakAtmajamAm // A zlokomAMthI evo artha nIkaLato nathI ke cAra dizAomAM cAra samUho mokalavAmAM AvyA hatA. jo ke pATha evA arthaghaTanane nakArI paNa kADhato nathI. paNa eno artha e ke sItAnI zodhamAM vAnarone moTI saMkhyAmAM sarvatra mokalavAmAM AvyA hatA. - A cAra dizAomAM kUcanI vArtA prakSipta che. enA vadhu samarthanamAM e hakIkata paNa che ke vArtAmAM AvatA sarva vAnaro hanumAnanI sAthe jAya che. AmAM pazcima dizAmAM zodhavAnI javAbadArI jene soMpavAmAM AvelI te suSeNa paNa che. vadhumAM bAkInI traNa kUcane dAkhala karAvanAra vArtAmAM jaNAya che kharA, paNa koI mahattvano bhAga bhajavatA nathI. gUMcavADAbharyA ane truTaka varNanamAM paNa bhaugolika varNana prakSipta che e A matanA samarthanamAM purAvArUpe mAnI zakAya. A kadAca koI saMgItakAranI sarajata che, je potAnI taiyAra kRtionI maMjUSAmAM A lokapriya kathAvastune paNa meLavavA mAMgato hato. AvAM kathAvastune digvijaya ane mahAbhAratamAMnA AvA pravAsomAM kuzaLatAthI vaNI levAmAM AvyuM che. AvA bIjA prakSeponAM nAnAM udAharaNo darzAvavA huM prathama to 6-69no ullekha karIza. ahIM thoDA haNAelA rAkSasonI noMdha levAmAM AvI che je kAM to trizira (327), narAntaka (6-58)nI pahelAM haNAyela che. athavA to keTalAka rAkSaso jevA ke mahodara (6-97) ane mahApArtha (6-98) jevA pharI haNAya che. vadhumAM zlokomAM indravajanI ghUsaNakhorI paNa dhyAnAkarSaka che ane AnA mATe eka yuvAna kavinA sAhasane javAbadAra gaNavuM joIe. upara (bIjo bhAga, bIjo vibhAga) sarganA AraMbhe ane aMte zlokonA punarAvartana parathI prakSipta sarga zodhI kADhavAmAM ApaNe saphaLa thayA chIe. AvI lAkSaNikatAne ApaNe vAraMvAra dhyAna para levAnI che. jo ke hanumAna prasaMga jevA moTA khaMDomAM ema thaze nahIM. 6-17- 27 thI 30 zloko pachInA sargamAM (pa-17 thI 20) punarAvartana pAmyA che. A sargomAM vibhISaNano satkAra varNavavAmAM Avyo che. sugrIva vibhISaNa jAsUsa hovAthI vibhISaNane mArI nAkhavAnI rAmane salAha Ape che. paNa rAma asahAyanuM rakSaNa karavAnI potAnI pharaja vize daDhatAthI bole che. sugrIva ane rAmanA vArtAlApanI vacce vAnaronI sabhAmAM eka tapAsa samitine dAkhala karavAmAM

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harmana yAkobI 37 AvI che. AmAM sugrIva bIjA badhA pachI bole che. paNa tenuM vaktavya tenA prathama vaktavyanI jema te ja zabdo sAthe aMta pAme che. te samaye banne khaMDomAM (17-30 ane 18-20) A zloko Ave che. evamuktvA tu taM rAmaM saMrabdho'vAhinIpatiH / vAkyajJo vAkyakuzalam tato maunamupAgamat // kauMsamAMnA zabdone badale bIjA khaMDamAM Ama che. raghuzreSTha sugrIvo ! e taddana spaSTa che ke 17.13 thI 18-16 sudhIno bhAga pachInuM umeraNa che. prakSepaNano uddeza jo ke nItisAranA siddhAnto zikhavavAno che. e spaSTa che ke zrImaMtonA vartuLamAM A viSaya bahu lokapriya hato ane tethI bhATa-cAraNo, janatAne rAjI karavAnI eka paNa taka javA detA nahIM.13 A prakAranI carcAmAM bIjA kAMDanA dasamA sarganA zuSka ane upadezAtmaka sUra hovAne kAraNe prakSipta hovAnI chApa pADe che. eka bIjuM paNa dhoraNa che jenAthI prakSipta aMzane pakaDI zakAya. keTalIka vAra prakaraNane aMte eka navo viSaya dAkhala karavAmAM Ave che. je, prakSipta khaMDa pachI punarAvartita karavAmAM Ave che. hanumate potAnI sItA sAthenI mulAkAtano Apelo pahelo ahevAla sImAM A zabdo sAthe pUro thAya che. etadeva eva mayAkhyAtam sarvaM rAghava yadyathA / sarvathA sAgarajale santAraH pravidhIyatAm / / 5-65-27 / / A upadezavacananI asara traNa sargo pachI 6-1mAM anubhavAya che. hRdayasparzI dezyane laMbAvavA khaMDo dAkhala karavAmAM Ave che. jo kathAkAra zrotAne rasataraboLa karI zake to, te pramANe tene puraskAra maLe. A kissAmAM 66mAM sarganI bhASAmAM khUba gUMcavADo che ane 67mo sarga vidAya-dazyanuM zabdazaH punarAvartana che. je agAu niHzeSapaNe ame darzAvyuM che. eka udAharaNa evuM paNa ullekhI zakAya ke jemAM eka ja viSayanAM judAM judAM rUpAMtaro bAju bAjumAM jALavavAmAM AvyAM hoya. chaThThA kAMDanA AraMbhamAM vibhISaNano dezanikAla varNavavAmAM Ave che. to ahIM ghaNo gUMcavADo che. 6ThThA sargamAM temaja 10, 11 ane 12mAM rAkSasonI sabhA bharAya che. ahIM jarA paNa zaMkA nathI ke eka ja viSayanAM cAra kAvyono AraMbha sAthe jALavavAmAM Avyo che. bhinna rUpAMtaromAMthI koI eka vArtAnA punargaThana mATeno koI prayatna ja karavAmAM Avyo nathI. huM phakta hakIkatano ullekha karIza paNa mULanA punargaThanano prayatna nahIM karuM. saMbhavata: racanAkAroe

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rAmAyaNa (diaskeuasts) e paraMparA prApta tattvone paDatAM mUkavAnuM sAhasa karyuM nahIM. e sivAya ATalI badhI moTI saMkhyAmAM zloko khAsa karIne sImAM kevI rIte ApaNA mATe jaLavAyA hoya? AnI racanA thaI zake ema nathI. kAraNa ke A zlokonuM vidheya nathI ane bIjI bAbato paNa che. AvA zlokonA TUkaDA paNa che je atyAra sudhI sacavAyA che. paNa chatAM saraLatAthI dUra karI zakAya tema che. koI paNa vyakti pArakhI zake che ke saMpAdakoe kRti sAthe saMprajJatAthI ke upalakapaNe kAma lIdhuM che. je rIte jovuM hoya tema. homaranAM mahAkAvyonI jema rAmAyaNanI racanA ane itihAsa vize ApaNane cokkasa ane azeSa abhyAsa ja mUlyAMkanAtmaka mAhitI pUrI pADI zake. chaThThA kAMDamAM moTA bhAganA prakSepo apekSita che. rAkSaso sAthenA yuddhomAM khaDako ane vRkSo zatruo sAme pheMkavAmAM AvatAM. paNa A zastro abhuta Ayudho AgaLa bina asarakAraka banI jatAM. kavio ane bhATa-cAraNo potAnI racanAmAM A kathAvastuno bahu ja yogya rIte viniyoga karatA. 60 sargomAM jANe aMtahIna yuddha varNavAyuM che. mULa varNana bahu ja saMkSipta haze tenuM anumAna 1-1nI samIkSaNa karatI anukramaNikAmAM eka paMktimAM samasta laMkAyuddhane samAvavAmAM AvyuM che tenA parathI thaI zakaze. tena gatvA purIM laGkAM hatvA rAvaNamAhave / rAmaH sItAmanuprApya parAM vrIDAmupAgamat / / 8 / / bIjI tarapha 6-01-16 thI AraMbha thAya che ane indrajitanA maraNa sudhI ane chevaTanI nirNayAtmaka laDAI sudhI paNa saMgharSa kevaLa traNa divasa cAle che. vibhISaNa-hanumadbhyAM kRtaM karma mahad raNe // 16 // aho rAtraistribhirvIraH kathaMcid vinipAtitaH // traNa divasanuM kArya to cokkasapaNe jANI zakAya. bAMdhe che. bIjo divasa : rAkSasone mArIne pAchA haTAvavAmAM AvyA che. kumbhakarNane jagADyo che. te hiMsakapaNe yuddhamAM kUdI paDyo che. paNa chevaTe mAryo jAya che.

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harmana yAkobI 39 trIjo divasa : indrajinuM yuddha ane tenuM mota cotho divasa : (rAvaNa sAthe yuddha ane tenuM mota) dekhItuM che ke mULa vistAra karanArA vatanIo bIjI ja rIte gaNatarI kare che. 14 teo eka evI custa mAnyatA dharAve che ke rAma, barAbara 14 varSa pachI caitranA zukla pakSanI navamIne divase potAnA pitAnI nagarImAM pAchA vaLyA haze ane eTale kAvyamAM ahIM-tahIM AvatI sarva tArIkho koI paNa rIte, AnI sAthe saMvAdI banAvavI joIe. eTale temane dIrgha samaya joIe che ane laMkAmAM aDadho mAsanuM yuddha cAle che. huM 6ThThI kAMDamAMnA dIrgha khaMDone pAchaLanA prakSipta aMzo tarIke darzAvavAno prayatna karIza. jayAre samudranA kinAre vAnaro UbhA rahyA che, tyAre rAma bhayAnaka zukano jue che. je tarata ja 6-23nA yuddhanI AgAhI kare che. Aja 23-2-13nA zloko 4111-12mAM punarAvartita thAya che. A be khaMDo vacceno bhAga gALI nAkhIe to ApaNe kaMI khAsa nakkara gUmAvatA nathI. tyAM ja ApaNA dhyAnamAM Ave che ke zuka ane sAraNa vAnaronA sainyanI jAsUsI kare che ane rAvaNane ahevAla Ape che. rAvaNa eka bIjA zArdUla nAmanA jAsUsane mokale che, ane tenI pAsethI paNa mAhitI meLave che. A pahelAM samudra kinAre jyAre sainya Ave che tyAre 20mA sargamAM paNa zArdUla ane zukane jAsUsa tarIke mokalavAmAM Ave che. dekhItuM che ke game te eka vArtA bIjInI ubhAvanA mATe javAbadAra che, ane mArA mata pramANe pachInA khaMDomAM AvatI vAta vadhAre prAcIna che. jayAre nagaranA daravAje sainya AvI pahocyuM hoya tyAre samudranI pele pAra zatru hoya tenA karatAM e vadhu saMbhavita che ke nagaranA daravAje sainya AvI pahocyuM hoya ne jAsUsI karavAmAM Ave. ApaNe vArtAnA kramika vikAsane vadhu AgaLa anusarI zakIe. zArdUla zukra-sAraNa jevuM ja kArya kare che. ane eTale eka vArtA bIjI vArtA karatAM bhAgye ja sArI che. vadhumAM mane to dareka vArtA binajarUrI lAge che kAraNa ke jAsUsInI koI asara to kAvyanA koI paNa banAva para paDatI nathI. bhAratIyonI yuddhakaLAmAM yUharacanA zaurya jeTalo ja mahattvano bhAga bhajave che. eTale pachInA gAyakoe vAlmIkinI upekSAnA kAraNe AvelI khAmIne sudhArI che. pachIthI e dazya Ave che jemAM rAmanuM mAyAvI mastaka ane dhanuSya dvArA sItAne bhramamAM nAkhavAno rAvaNa prayatna kare che. paNa prabhAvazALI AraMbha pachI dazya nindanIya sthitimAM samApta thAya che. saMbhavataH atyArano pATha ghaNo vikRti pAmyo che. 34mA sarganA aMtathI ane 3pamAM sarganA AraMbhathI je rIte vAta AgaLa vadhe che te pramANe

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40 rAmAyaNa mULa vicAra e hato ke kUca karatA sainyanA kolAhale rAvaNanI yuktine khullI pADI dIdhI. rAvaNe sItAne evuM kahyuM che ke prahaste zatrunA sainyane rAtrinA hUmalAmAM parAsta karyuM che ane samudranI pelI pAra sudhI haTAvI dIdhuM che. e je hoya te rAmAyaNanI racanAnI gUMthaNI AvI che ke be joDiyA bhAIonI vAta 47 ane 48mAM karI che. ahIM rAvaNa sItAne rAma-lakSmaNanAM mRta zarIra puSpaka vimAna parathI batAve che. bannemAM sItA karuNa vilApa kare che. ane ekamAM saramA ane bIjImAM trijaTA e sahAnubhUtibharI rAkSasIo sItAne sAcI hakIkata jaNAve che. atyAre to A bemAMthI kaI vArtA vadhu prAcIna che teno nirNaya karavo rahevA daIe. paNa mahAbhAratamAM jaNAvyuM che tema eka prAcIna kathA je 81mAM sargamAM Ave che enAM be rUpAMtaro che. tyAM hanumAna ane vAnaro samakSa mAyAvI sItAne lAvIne teno ziraccheda kare che. A rAkSasanI yukti che. Indrajitu pote kahe che. pIDAmamitra yagna rtavyameva tatva | (81-28) A yukti thoDIvAra mATe kAma Ape che. zatruo gUMcavADAmAM paDe che ane vibhISaNa samagra bAbatane spaSTa nathI karato tyAM sudhI rAma nirAzAmAM sarI paDe che. A ghaTanA ahIM nirUpita pAtronAM caritra sAthe susaMgata che ane temanI AvegabharI lAgaNIone nirUpavAno uddeza che. ethI UlaTuM ahIM citrita be dazyo bAhya ane AMtarika samarthana vagara eka ja uddezano durupayoga darzAve che. rAvaNe rAmanA maraNanI sItAne zA mATe khAtrI karAvavAno prayatna karavo joIe jyAre te jANe che ke AvI mAnyatA thoDA samaya mATe ja TakavAnI che. tarata ja to sItA tene vaza thavAnI nathI. rAvaNanuM A chaLa sItAne vyathita karaze paNa AvA mahAna rAkSasane A zobhatuM nathI. paNa kathAgAyakone eka hRdayasparzI dazyanuM varNana karavAmAM sahAyabhUta bane che. ane sItAnA vilApothI janatA vyathita paNa bane che. bAkInA sargo 6-35 thI 40 paNa binajarUrI che. 14mA zloka pachI 35 ane 36 banne asaMgata che. 37mAM sargamAM sainyane khaDuM karavAmAM AvyuM che. A vAta pharI 41 ane 4ramAM paNa darzAvI che. 38 ane 39mAM suvela parathI rAme joyelI laMkAnuM savistara varNana karyA pachI A sarva taddana vadhArAnuM che. ahIM sudhI jenuM varNana karavAmAM AvyuM tenI sAthe samAnatA dharAvatA eka bIjA punarAvartanane paNa ullekhI zakAya. 74mA ane 101mA sargomAM lagabhaga samAna rIte hanumAna eka hajAra mAIlanu aMtara kApIne auSadhi lAvavA vAyumArge pravAsa kare che. kailAsa ane RSabha vaccenA sthaLe

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harmana yAkobI 41 te auSadhi maLatI nathI. chevaTe te potAnA mAthA para Akho parvata upADIne laMkA pAchA phare che. 101mA sarganuM saMkSipta varNana 74mAnA dIrgha varNananI apekSA rAkhe che. 15 paNa Ano thoDo bhAga triSTramAM racAyo che je haMmezAM pachIthI umeraNa pAmelA prakSita aMzanuM cihna che. bIjuM paNa eka evuM lakSaNa che ke je tenI adhikRtatAnI viruddha jAya che. laMkA pahoMcavA mATe hanumAne mArelo kUdako eka rAkSasI-virATa kRtya che ane enuM ThIka ThIka vigatomAM varNana karavAmAM AvyuM che. zuM e ja kavi AthI vadhAre abhUta ane hanumAnanI akathya siddhinA kAryane ATalA saMkSepamAM varNana kare kharo ? cokkasa nahIM. pahelA kAryathI je asara UbhI thaI che tene A vArtA hAni pahoMcADaze. paNa ethI UlaTuM te purANI kathAmAMthI evAM ghaTakone dAkhala karavAnI taka jhaDapI leze ke je zrotAo pAse khAsa tALIo paDAve. (sarakhAvo 6-74-75 ane 5-1-10) 50mA sargamAM pharI ekavAra hanumAnane auSadhio lAvavA mokalavAno prayatna karavAmAM Avyo che. paNa vAta pUrI thatI nathI. kAraNake garuDa daivI hastakSepa (deus ex machina) rUpe raju thAya che. ane bANanI aniSTa asaramAMthI rAmalakSmaNane sAjA kare che. A dekhItI rIte ja vArtAnuM prAcInatara svarUpa che. hanumAne addabhuta rIte ANelI auSadhithI sAjA thavuM e pachInI zodha che. je prAcInatarane hAMkI kADhavA mATe racAI che. keTalAka kathAkAroe 50mA sargamAM garuDanA dekhAvAnA sthaLe pachInuM rUpAMtara umeryuM haze. e hakIkatathI lakSita thAya che ke auSadha-parvata tarapha hanumAnane mokalavAnI vAtano AraMbha 50-2thI thAya che. garuDa dvArA vIrapuruSo sAjA thAya che te sau prathama ghaTanA che ane te saMbhavataH prAcIna kavitAno bhAga hato ane be vAra sAjA thavAnI vArtAo camatkAra rUpe kathavAmAM AvI che ane mULa kathAghaTakanAM ja parivartano che jeno yaza kathAkArone jAya che. upara varNavI evI ghaTanAo vAraMvAra bane che. kathAvastunAM rUpAMtaro mULa khaMDa tarIke gaNavAmAM Ave che. ane vArtAnA vistAra mATe temano upayoga karavAmAM Ave che. AnAthI navAM umeraNo ane prasaMgo mATenI tako sarjAya che. bIjA kAMDamAM eka rasaprada udAharaNa Ave che. vanavAsa pAmelAoe ayodhyA ane saMbaMdhIone tyajyA pachI (40) 41 thI 44mAM dazarathanA mahelamAMnA prasaMgo varNavavAmAM AvyA che. 42nA sargamAM jevo temano putra najarathI ojhala thayo ke dazaratha bebhAna thaI gayA tenuM varNana karavAmAM AvyuM che. kauzalyA ane kaikayI temane Teko Ape che. paNa te kaikeyIne tenA parivAra sAthe kADhI mUke che. te bhAnamAM Ave che ane vilApa karavA mAMDe che ane kauzalyAnA nivAse jAya che. tyAM pharI

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42 rAmAyaNa eka vAra te kalpAMta karavA mAMDe che. chevaTe te potAnI daSTi gumAvI bese che ane kauzalyAne kahe che. "kauzalyA huM tane joI zakato nathI. tArA hAthathI sparza kara. mArI dRSTi rAma sAthe ja jatI rahI che. ane haju pAchI vaLI nathI." (42-34) kavinyAyanI mAMga che ke A vRddha mANasanuM have maraNa thavuM joIe. potAnA priya putranA viyogano A zokAtura rAjAne maraNatola AghAta lAgavo joIe. e to kavino dekhIto udeza hato. kavine Avo khyAla hato te pa1-14 thI phalita thAya che kAraNa ke lakSmaNa guha sAthe rAtrinA pahelA praharamAM cokI karatAM kahe che. 16 kauzalyA caiva rAjA ca tathaiva jananI mama / nAzaMse yadi jIvanti sarve te zarvarImimAm / / paNa kAvya atyAre che te pramANe dazaratha jIve che ane cha divasa pachI maraNa pAme che. jayAre rAmano sArathi suma7 pAcho vaLe che ane dazarathane potAnI kathanI kahe che. pachInI rAtrie rAjA jAge che. ane kauzalyAne kahe che ke juvAnImAM teno irAdo na hato paNa tenAthI eka tapasvI yugalano putra potAnA bANathI haNAyo hato. mAtA-pitAe tene paNa putranA viyogathI bhaviSyamAM koI divasa maraNano zApa Apyo hato. dazarathane evuM lAge che ke zApanI have asara thaze. upara jeno anuvAda karyo tevI sarakhI abhivyaktio ahIM pharIthI Ave che. ___ cakSubhyAM tvAM na pazyAmi kauzalye tvaM hi mAM spRza / 64-61 mRtyunAM cihno tene jaNAya che ane chellI cIsamAM te rAma-sItAne bolAve che ane chello zvAsa le che. A rIte 63 ane 64mA sargamAM varNavavAmAM AvyuM che. mane jarA paNa zaMkA nathI ke rAmanI vidAya pachI A vArtA umeravAmAM AvI hatI ane huM haju paNa mAnuM chuM ke 63mA sarganA AraMbhamAM mULa hakIkatonA avazeSo maLe che. bIjo zloka A pramANe che : sabhArye hi gate rAme kauzalyAM kozalezvaraH / _ vivakSurasitApAGgI smRtvA duSkRtamAtmanaH // 3 // pachI kramikatA jALavato pachIno zloka Ave che. sa rAjA rajanI SaSThI rAme pravAjite vanam / ardharAtre dazarathaH so'smarad duSkRtaM kRtam // 4|| paNa rInA jevI pachInA zlokanI zarUAta pa-4mAM pAchaLathI umerAI che.

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harmana yAkobI 43 sa rAjA putrazokAtaH smRtvA duSkRtamAtmanaH / kauzalyAM putrazokArtAmidaM vacanamabravIt / / 5 / / saMbhava ke trIjAmAMthI bIjI paMkti ane cothAmAMthI pahelIne laIne zloka umeryo che. kAraNake trIjo pa bImAM zabdazaH Ave che. hAlanA saMdarbhamAM sitApI abhivyakti anucita vizeSaNa jaNAya che. ane vivadhu mukhya kriyApadanuM sthAna laI zake nahIM, je ene ahIM ApavAmAM AvyuM che. have banne aDadhiyAo dUra karyA pachI 3bIno kauzalyA zabda na samajI zakAya tevo bane che. zakya che ke sonune jevA zabdanI jagyAe te Ave che. kAraNa ke rAma potAnI patnI ane bhAI sAthe vanamAM gayA che. A banne ardhazloko 6 divasanA siddhAntane jALavavA umerAyA che je rAmanI vidAya ane dazarathanA maraNa vaccenA che. 17 e ane bImAM A zloka nathI. paNa banne vAcanAmAM 65mo sarga evA zloka sAthe AraMbhAya che ke jemAM sAmagrI ekasarakhI che. ane jemAMthI sInA zlokomAMthI je tAraNa meM tAravyuM che tenuM anumAna thaI zake che. rAme manujazArdUle sAnuje vanamAzrite / rAnA zaratha: zrImAnuM (e sTrIma) khAparva sammadyata || chatAM ahIM evuM vidhAna Ave che ke ahIM varNavAyelI ghaTanA rAmanI vidAya pachI chaThThA divase bane che. kavinA AzayanI viruddhano A divasa nizcita karavAnuM koI khAsa kAraNa nathI. mArI dhAraNA A pramANe che. rAmano vanavAsa ane nagaramAM pratyAgamana zuklapakSanI navamIe ghaTe che. cha divasa pachI cetranI pUrNimA che. saMbhavataH dazarathanuM mRtyu A divase thayuM hoya. jo amArI A dhAraNAo yathArtha hoya to 40 thI 44 sargo dUra karavA joIe. te eka ja viSaya paranAM anuvartano che je dvArA pachInA kathAkAro zrotAone lAgaNInA pravAhamAM kheMcavA IcchatA hatA. rAmanI gharethI vidAya pachI citrakUTa para sthira thavA sudhInA pravAsanI mULa ghaTanAono anukrama che. pachI kavi rAjAnuM mRtyu, bhAratanuM pratyAgamana, rAjayapurA vahana karavA, bharatano rAmane pAchA lAvavA mATeno pravAsa A8 sarva ayodhyAnI ghaTanAo varNavavA kavi pAchA jAya che. 94mA sargathI vArtAnA pahelA sUtrane 96mA sarganA bIjA sUtra sAthe vaNI levAmAM Ave che. atyAra sudhInuM ApaNuM parIkSaNa svataMtra TUkaDAone pachInA prakSipta aMzo tarIke darzAvavA pUratuM maryAdita rahyuM che. have pachInA umerAtA evA pahelA kAMDamAMthI mULa

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rAmAyaNa kathAdorane tAravavAnuM viparIta kArya karIzuM. eDolpha holTajhamene potAnA graMtha "ona dhI grIka orijina opha dhI inDIana jhoDIAka, kArlasUphe 1841mAM darzAvI dIdhuM che ke pahelo kAMDa e pAchaLanuM umeraNa che. huM pR. 36 para AvatA AkhA khaMDane ahI UtAruM chuM. huM pahelA prakaraNamAM AvatI vibhinna asaMgatio saMkSepamAM darzAvIza. 17mAM sargamAM devo potAnA nivAsasthAne pAchA vaLI rahyA che tevuM varNana Ave che, paNa ethI ghaNuM pahelAM 14mA sargamAM prakaraNamAM teo- devo adazya thaI jAya che tevuM kahevAmAM AvyuM che. 15mA sargamAM viSNu kayA parivAramAM janma levo tevuM vicAre che. paNa sarga 1436mAM viSNu devone teo zA mATe ATalA gabharAelA che te pUche che. uttaramAM devo temanA bhayanuM kAraNa rAvaNa che ema kahe che. paNa A pahelAMnA 31mA zlokamAM devoe A aMge viSNune A ja rAkSasa vize kahyuM che. ane viSNue pUchyuM paNa che ke temaNe zuM karavuM joIe. traNa yajJonuM ahIM varNana karavAmAM AvyuM che. ane AmAMthI koI paNa eka bAkInA bene binajarUrI batAve che. 13mA sargano azvamedha yajJa, 14mA sargano rUSTi: putrInA, ane vaLI pAcho 15mA sargamAM rUSTi: putrInA. pahelo yajJa to RSyazRMge 11mA sargamAM karyo che. bIjA prasaMge vasiSTha karyo che. ane tithiomAM gUMcavADo che. jenA vize yu. zlegala potAnI noMdhamAM ullekha kare che. RSyazRMganA mArgadarzana heThaLa taiyArInuM eka varSa vItI gayA pachI te ja taiyArIo vasiSThanA mArgadarzana heThaLa thatI varNavavAmAM AvI che. AnuM pariNAma e Ave che ke yajJa, bIjI vasantaRtune badale trIjImAM thAya che. IzkelI saMtati (putronA janmathI vaMza cAlu rahe) e kAM to azvamedha yajJa dvArA yajamAno ane temanI patnIonAM pApa dhoIne athavA RSyazRMganI nirmaLa IcchAnA (13-56) sAmarthyathI athavA 14mA sarga pramANe RSyazRMganI prArthanAne mAna ApI devonI kRpA dvArA meLavavAmAM Ave che. athavA chevaTe devo rAvaNanA julmathI mukta karavA mATe viSNune manuSya tarIke janma levA vinaMti kare che. AmAM be kathAtaro vacce bheda pADI zakAya tema che. eka pramANe azvamedha yajJanA sAmarthyathI dazarathane putra meLavavAmAM sahAya kare che. bIjA kathAtara pramANe devo rAvaNanA damanamAMthI potAne bacAvavA viSNu pAse jAya che. viSNu dazarathanA putra rUpe janma levA Icche che. pahelA kathAMtara pramANe svargamAMnI samagra maMtraNA anAvazyaka che ane bIjA kathAMtara pramANe azvamedha yajJa binajarUrI che. prathama kathAMtara pRthvIthI AraMbhAya che jemAM RSyazRMga nirarthaka che kAraNa ke vasiSTha tenA karatAM vadhu jANItA che. RSyazRMga-prasaMganI ubhAvanAno uddeza aMgadezanA rAjavI kuTuMbanA sahakAra para rAmano janma AdhArita che evuM darzAvavAno che.

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harmana yAkobI 45 pahelA kAMDa para eka achaDatI najara nAkhatAM ja samajI zakAze ke punarlekhana karanAre pachInAM umeraNothI kAvyano vistAra karyo temAM kaI preraNA rahI haze. rAmane evI sthitie pahoMcADavA joIe ke je anya sarva vIranAyako karatAM caDhiyAtA hoya. ahIMyAM sau prathama to camatkArika janmanI vAta Ave che. pachIthI dhanabhaMga dvArA rAmane mahAbhAratanA nAyakonI samakakSa mUkavAmAM Ave che. ane emanAthI paNa vadhu caDhiyAtA darzAvyA che. ane chevaTe, jayeSTha rAma (parazurAma) sAthenI mulAkAta jemAM jayeSTha rAmano nAnA rAmanA hAthe parAbhava thAya che. lagnanI UjavaNI, potAnI sevA ApanArA vikhyAta RSio, rAmanI vasiSTha TAMkelI vaMzAvaLI A sarva rAmanI mahAnatA darzAvavAnI abhIpsAmAMthI udbhave che. khAsa karIne vaMzAvaLI darzAve che ke A prakaraNa evA samaye UbhaLyuM haze ke je kALe bIjI daMtakathAo sAthe ene paNa svecchAe nirUpavAmAM AvyuM hoya. bhAratIya paraMparA sAthe taddana asaMgata che ane bhinna bhinna gotranA rAjAonA nAmano gUMcavADo thAya te rIte bheLaseLa karavAmAM AvI che. ane teno dekhIto hetu A sarva pratiSThita rAjavIo rAmacaMdranA pUrvajo che evuM darzAvavAno che. bIjA khaMDono hetu rAmano mahimA karavAno nathI paNa adhikRta kathAomAM je sthaLono ullekha thayo nathI teno rAma-kathAmAM samAveza sthaLono mahimA karavA mATe thayo che. eTale vizvAmitra sAthenI A vicitra yAtrA. paNa bIjA kAMDanA adhikRta khaMDo sAthe pahelA kAMDano sUra eka citrAtmaka virodha darzAve che. pahelA kAMDanI zuSka vArtAonAM sthaLanAmonuM varNana, vyutpattinI yuktio, camatkArika zastro vagerenI zauryabharI pravRttione aNagamatI Dhabe patAvyA pachI bIjA kAMDanA AraMbhamAM ja vAcakane alaMkRta ane jomabharI vANIno anubhava thAya che. ane tene sukhada Azcarya thAya che. ahIM sAcA kavine tarata ja oLakhI zakAya che. bIjA kAMDanA kAvyAtmaka guNa dharAvatA khaMDomAM pahelA kAMDanA prasaMgono koI ullekha ja ApaNane maLato nathI. ethI UlaTuM e vAtano moTo hobALo karavAmAM Ave che ke rAma dhanurvidyAno abhyAsa kevI rIte karI zake, jyAre e ja kavi sarva bANAvaLIo karatAM caDhiyAtA Thare tevAM parAkramo rAmane nAme caDhAve nahIM. A kAraNothI huM mAnuM chuM ke thoDA sargone bAda karatAM, samagra kAMDa vAlmIkinI kalamamAMthI UtarI Avyo nathI. pachInA samayamAM paraspara virodhI hoya tevAM umeraNothI te astitvamAM Avyo haze." alaga saMdarbhamAM rAmAyaNanA pahelA kAMDano samAveza karavAnA hetunI ApaNe carcA karavI joIe. ahIMyAM holTajhamenanA vidhAnane saMmati ApavI pUratI che. temanAM kAraNone ApaNe sahelAIthI vistArI zakIe paNa huM be muddA para bhAra mUkIza. pahelAM

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46 rAmAyaNa kAMDamAM ApaNe joIe chIe ke sItAnI bahena UrmilAne lakSmaNa ghare lAve che. paNa bIjA kAMDamAM ApaNane kazuM ja enA vize sAMbhaLavA maLatuM nathI. lakSmaNanI patnInA ullekha mATeno prasaMga to Ave ja che. jyAre lakSmaNe rAma sAthe vanamAM javAno nizcaya karyo ane traNee potAnAM mAtA-pitAnI vidAya lIdhI. eka hRdayasparzI dazya mATeno A prasaMga hato. paNa vAlmIki bicArI UrmilAne visarI gayA jaNAya che kAraNa ke vAlmIki rAmane jUThA TheravatA nathI. jyAre pachIthI 3-18-3 potAnI sAthe lagna karavA IcchatI zUrpaNakhA lakSmaNane batAve che. rAme Ama eTalA mATe karyuM ke, haju lakSmaNa kuMvArA (satavAra) hatA. bIjo muddo jyAre rAmane vanavAsa ApavAmAM Ave che tyAre bhAratanI anupasthitino che. bIjA kAMDamAM mAnI levAmAM Ave che ane spaSTapaNe ullekha paNa karavAmAM Ave che. pahelA kAMDamAM evuM kahevAmAM AvyuM che ke bharata ane zatruddha potAnA mAmAne tyAM gayA che. eTale, evuM mAnI zakAya ke A aMzane nivArI zakAya tema nathI ane eTale pahelA kAMDamAM paNa A khaMDane dUra karI zakAya tema nathI. paNa jo pahelA kAMDanA bharatane lagatA khaMDanuM sUkSmatAthI parIkSaNa karavAmAM Ave to tarata ja dhyAna para Avaze ke A bhAgano bahu ja aNaghaDa rIte AkAra ApavAmAM Avyo che. 73mA kAMDamAM yudhAjita potAnA bhANA bharatane maLavA Avyo che evo khAsa ullekha thayo che. A lagnadinanI savAre bane che. cAra lagno thAya che. paNa chellA sarga sudhI yudhojitano koI ullekha nathI tyAM dazaratha bharata ane zatrunane yudhojina sAthe javAnI anumati Ape che. ane saMdarbhanI mAga che ke, lagna pachI ane ayodhyAmAM sahu pAchA Ave pachIthI A bane. navapariNIta vara kaikayanA dUranA pradeza sudhI pravAsa kare te pasaMda karelI kSaNa paNa anurUpa che. ethI vadhu noMdhapAtra hakIkata e che ke, A dUranA pradezamAM bharata ghaNAM varSo gALe che, kAraNa ke rAma vanamAM jAya che tyAre ja bharatane pAcho bolAvavAmAM Ave che. kavi, ane khAsa karIne te ke jeNe rAmAyaNane atyArano AkAra Apyo che teNe lagna ane rAmano vanavAsa e be vacce ghaNo samaya pasAra thAya che ema kahyuM che. 1-7725mAM kahevAyuM che. rAmazca sItayA sArdhaM vijahAra bahUna RtUn / ahIM TIkAkAra noMdhe che daza varSAnityartha ti bhAva: ! A dvArA kadAca TIkAkAra 533-17-182nA kathanano ullekha karI rahyA che. mantharAe kaikeyIne kahela samagra vArtAthI kAMDamAM taddana viparIta 2-8-28mAM vAta va tu mAnce marato nAyitattvayA | A rIte, pahelA kAMDanI vArtAo bIjA kAMDamAM nirUpAelI ghaTanAo sAthe asaMgata che.23 vAlmIki

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harmana yAkobI bharatanI anupasthiti mATenAM kAraNo ApavA mATe koI dabANa heThaLa nathI. kathAe temane eka hakIkata tarIke ApI ane paramparA pAsethI ghaTanAo je rIte temane maLe che te rIte nirUpI te tarapha ApaNane dore che. bhArata mArgamAM hato nahIM (te dekhAto na hato) ane kavi ane zrotAo mATe e pUratuM hatuM. sAmagrInI daSTie, pahelo kAMDa pachIthI racAyo hovAnuM gaNAya che. kAraNa ke ghaNAM mahAkAvyonuM vaLagaNa pUratuM hoya che ke jemAM nAyakonA juvAnInA samayane varNavavAmAM Ave.24 paNa ApaNe eTaluM mAnI zakIe ke mULa kAvyano AraMbha koIka rIte pahelA kAMDamAM laI javAmAM Avyo hato. ApaNe pachInAM ghaNAM badhAM kalpita sarjanone judA pADavAno prayatna karavo joIe. ApaNe kavitAno sAco AraMbha pAMcamA sargathI karavAnuM zodhavuM joIe. AnI pahelAM, kAvyano mahimA (1-5-1 thI 4) gAvAmAM Avyo che jemAM lava ane kuzanA mukhamAM" vartaNAva: mukavAmAM AvyuM che. paNa koI khAsa muzkelI sivAya vartayiSyAmi athavA vayiAmamAM zabdanuM parivartana karI zakAya che. eTale A cAra zlokomAM ApaNe kathAgAyakonI gaMbhIra prastAvanA joI zakIe chIe. baMgALI saMskaraNamAM sAco hetu spaSTapaNe samajI zakAya tema che. kharuM kAvya pAMcamA zlokathI zarU thAya che. pachInA zlokamAM kozala pradezano mahimA Ave che ane pachInA be zlokomAM tenA mukhya nagara ayodhyAnuM varNana Ave che. pachI 9mA zlokamAM dazarathano ullekha Ave che, jenI pachI A rAjavInI prazaMsA ke varNana AvavuM ja joIe. tene badale pAMcamAM sargano bAkIno Akho bhAga ayodhyAnA vigatapracura varNanamAM rokAyo che. A Akho TUkaDo pachInuM umeraNa che. e sAmAnya tarkathI paNa samajI zakAya tema che. paNa AnuM prAdhAnya paNa e rIte vartAya che ke Ano AraMbha A paMktithI thAya che. purImAvAsayAmAsa nA TrazarathastA ! je 9mA zlokamAM Ave che. dekhItI rIte prAcIna pAThamAM Ano samAveza A rIte thayo che. pachInA sargamAM pahelA zlokano hetu paNa Avo ja che. ApaNe A zlokane jo bAjumAM mUkI daIe to pachInA traNa zlokomAM (2 thI 4) dazarathanuM saMkSipta ane atizayatAbharyuM varNana Ave che. A varNanane pa-9mAM rAjAnA sau prathama ullekha sAthe sIdhuM joDI zakAya kAraNa ke pa-ramAM A rAjavIno ullekha Ave che, je AvA sthaLe dhArI zakAya. cothA zlokathI sarganA aMta sudhI, dazarathanA zAsana daramyAnanI ayodhyAnI paristhitinuM varNana che. AnI pUrvenA sarganA nagaranA varNananI samAMtara che. ane saraLatAthI tene pachIthI joDI devAmAM AvyuM hovAnuM mAnI zakAya.

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48 rAmAyaNa dazarathane eka vakhata dAkhala karyA pachI, evuM svAbhAvika rIte mAnI zakAya ke have tenI patnIono ullekha Avaze. paNa ahIM ke kAvyamAM pachI paNa temane kyAreya paNa yogya rIte rajU karavAmAM AvyAM ja nathI. 14-33mAM kauzalyAno Akasmika ullekha thayo che. pachI 16mA sargamAM sumitrA ane kaikeyInI sAthe teno ullekha thayo che. vAcakane temanA vaMza vize kazI ja Avazyaka mAhitI maLatI nathI. paNa kramazaH vArtAnA vikAsa sAthe vAcaka mAhitI ekatra karato jAya che. upari kathita hakIkatothI ApaNA mATe evA anumAna para AvavuM zakya che ke kavie vAcakone rANIono paricaya karAvavAnuM eTalA mATe TALyuM che ke teNe (kavie) evuM mAnI lIdhuM che ke vAcaka paraMparAmAMthI prApta kathAnAM pAtrothI paricita che. potAnI vArtA prastuta karavA mukhya pAtro vize saMkSiptamAM kahevuM pUratuM hatuM. dazyamAM te AvatAM ane tenA kAraNe teo sIdhAM kAryamAM AvI jatAM. dazaratha rAjAnA nAmano ullekha pachI sAtamA sargamAM tenA zANapaNanI prazaMsA Ave che. te cokkasapaNe pachInuM umeraNa che. vArtA mATe teno koI upayoga nathI. e hakIkta sivAya paNa jyAre mukhya pAtra dazarathano be zlokamAM paricaya ApyA pachI ochAM mahattvanAM pAtronuM varNana vadhu paDatuM lAMbuM thaI jAya ane tethI anya mahattvanAM pAtro khAsa karIne rANIone sadaMtara bAkAta rAkhavAmAM AvI che. e taddana saMbhavita che ke dazarathanA varNana pachI tarata ja 18mA sargamAM tenA putrono ullekha Ave che. eTale, chaThThI ane aDhAramA sargonI vacce je kaMI bane che te prakSita che kAraNa ke AmAM AvatI asaMgatio e ja pratipAdita kare che. A hakIkatane hoTjhamene darzAvI che. 18mAM sargamAM prAcIna kAvyanA TUkaDAo maLe che. A vAta e parathI sAbita thAya che ke A sarganA keTalAka zlokonI bIjA kAMDanA pahelA sarganA keTalAMka zloko sAthe gADha zAbdika samAnatA che. horTjhamene darzAvyuM che te pramANe bIjA prAcIna kAvyanA AraMbhanA TUkaDAo ApaNane AraMbhamAM maLe evI ApaNI dhAraNA svAbhAvika che. alabatta samagra AraMbha nahIM kAraNa ke temAMnA nagaNya bhAgano vistAra pAmelA graMthanA AraMbha mATe upayogamAM levAmAM Avyo che. ane te paNa koI parivartana vagara. tenuM kAraNa paNa e che ke pahelA kAMDanI pachI cipakAvelI sAmagrIne dhyAnamAM to levI paDe. 1-18nA eka sarakhA zloko parathI evuM samajAya ke prAcIna pAThamAM bahu moTuM bhaMgANa paDyuM che. eTale chUTA paDelA bhAgone jyAre huM joDavAno prayatna karuM chuM, tyAre mArA punargaThanamAM rahelI samasyAothI huM pUro sabhAna houM chuM. atyAre upalabdha sAmagrInA AdhAre atyArano pATha A pramANe che eTaluM darzAvI zakAya. A rIte cAra putronA janmanI camatkArika kathA pachInI nirmiti che. ema hovAthI 18-16mAM dazarathane

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harmana yAkobI 48 cAra putro janmyA che evI vAta Ave che ane ayodhyAnA rAjA dazaratha che e ullekha sAthe e sarga pUro thAya che. tyAra pachI putronAM nAmo jaNAvavAM ja joIe. te 2122mAM evI rIte thAya che ke vasiSThano paNa nipuNatAthI ullekha karavAmAM Ave che ane mAtAnAM nAmo paNa sUcavavAmAM Ave che. kevaLa kauzalyAnuM nAma lupta che. te pachIthI (21-8=1-18-12) pUre 43vAmAM Ave che, yo pAta bhuNya pAtra bhane tI che. pachIthI rAmanI prazasti pahelA kAMDanA 18mA sargamAM (saMbhavataH 27-33) ke bIjA kAMDanA pahelA sargamAM (saMbhavataH 5.10-33) Ave che. paNa mAre nirarthaka aTakaLomAM na UtaravuM joIe. eTalI ja vAta para bhAra mUkAvo joIe ke, 2-1-36nA zloka sAthe sthira prastAvanA pachI, kharuM nirUpaNa zarU thavuM joIe. atha rAjJo babhUvaiva vRddhasya cirajivinaH / prItireSA kathaM rAmo syAnmayi jivati // mULa pAThanA AraMbhanuM punargaThana sarvApUrvamiyaM yeSAM AsIt kRtsnA vasundharA / prajApatimupAdAya nRpANAM jayazAlinAm // 1 // yeSAM sa sagaro nAma sAgaro yena khAnitaH / SaSTiH putrasahasrANi yaM yAntaM paryavArayan / / 2 / / ikSvAkUNAmidaM teSAM rAjJAM vaMze mahAtmanAm / mahadutpannamAkhyAnaM rAmAyaNamiti zrutam // 3 // tadidaM vartayiSyAvaH sarvaM nikhilaM AditaH / dharmArthakAmasahitaM zrotavyamanasUyatA // 4 // kosalo nAma muditaH sphIto janapado mahAn / niviSTaH sarayUtIre prabhUtadhanadhAnyavAn / / 5 / / ayodhyA nAma nagarI ttraasiillokvishrutaa| manunA mAnavendreNa yA purI nirmitA svayam // 6 // AyatA daza ca dve ca yojanAni mahApurI / zrImatI trINi vistIrNA suvibhakta-mahApathA // 7 //

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50 rAmAyaNa tAM tu rAjA dazaratho mahArASTravivardhanaH / purImAvAsayAmAsa divi devapatiryathA // 9 // ikSvAkUNAmatiratho yajvA dharmaparo vazI / maharSikalpo rAjarSistriSu lokeSu vizrutaH // 6-2 // balavAnnihatAmitro mitravAn vijitendriyaH / dhanaizca saJcayaizca cAnyaiH zakravaizravaNopamaH // 3 // yathA manurmahAtejA lokasya parirakSitA / tathA dazaratho nAma lokasya parirakSitA // 4 // rAjJaH putrA mahAtmAnazcatvAro jajJire pRthak / guNavanto'nurUpAzca rucyA proSThapadopamAH // 18-16 // jyeSThaM rAmaM mahAtmAnaM bharataM kaikeyisutam / saumitraM lakSmaNamiti zatrughnamaparaM tathA / vasiSThaH paramaprIto nAmAni kurute tadA // 22 / / sarve vedavidaH sUrAH sarve lokahite ratAH / sarve jJAnopasampannAH sarve samuditAH guNaiH // 25 // (2-1-5 mI) teSAmapi mahAtejA rAmo ratikaraH pituH / svayaMbhUriva bhUtAnAM babhUva guNavattaraH // 2-1-5 // __ (1-18-24 (ane. 26) zuo) kausalyA zuzubhe tena putreNAmitatejasA / yathA vareNa devAnAmaditirvajrapANinA // 2-1-8-1-18-12 prakSipta aMzo vize mAhitI 1, 2 thI 6 kAMDonA aniyamita zloko (a) 8 2512no pA6 yadannaH puruSo bhavati / 2-103.30 abhivAdaye tvA bhagavan 3-2-72 dazagrIvo viMzatibhujo 3-35-8

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harmana yAkobI dhvanina: patAvanazaiva 5-4-20 A zlokonAM bhava, pa, za, dhvana ne eka akSara tarIke levAnA che. eka akSara dabAvI daIne eka akSara tarIke levAnA che. 6-105-10mAM divyatA vivAra: paNa aniyamita Ave che. (bI) saMyukta vyaMjano paNa, gaNavAmAM AvatA nathI. eTale ke, enI agAunA akSarane chaMdanI dRSTie dIrgha banAvato nathI.) tathA zvAsaya TrImantam 2-19-9 "vaMtu samastha prItyartham 5-53-13 vimR yuddhacI prazritam 6-113-93 (sI) bIjo pAda niyamathI viruddha zarU thAya che. paitRpitAmahaidhRva:. 2-105-3 paNa TIkA evo pATha udbhUta kare che jemAM chaMda barAbara jaLavAyo hoya. pitRpaitAmahair vipulAno bIjo prakAra aniyamita che. (-- U -- UU U) paritrAtaM paththamavat 2-72 apaviddhaizcApi rathaiH 6-43-43 tataH vRddho vAyusuto 6-59-112 turAvAraM viSamaH 6-90-66 nityamUnA nityakSatA: 6-128-102 vipulAno trIjo prakAra (U - U ... / - -U) aniyamita che. tamanyArohatuM sugrIva: 6-38-8 iha prahastenAnItam 6-31-44 athavA vi vaM t roSam vagere ra-36-28 zaitA: subruvu: pAnIyam 6-23-17 telugu AvRtti chellAM be udAharaNomAM chaMda jaLavAyo hoya tevo pATha Ape che. (DI).

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52 rAmAyaNa athavA devi doSaM tvaM kaJcid vagere (epha) zailAza satyu: pAnIyam (6-43-17mAM prasunnuH rUpa Ave che. bI-6-18-24 prasannu:) cothA prakAranA vipulAno - U -- U Ama aMta Ave che ane te 3 thI 6 kAMDamAM 38 vAra Ave che. ane sarva udAharaNomAM cotho akSaradIrgha che ane pachI yati che. 31 kissAomAM zloka U - U - thI zarU thAya che. cotho pAda jo nabaLo hoya to A rIte aMta pAme che. sumitrAvINyamanA 2-4-32 enI upekSA paNa karavAmAM Ave che. yaprasAnAmafSama - 2-6-24 telugu AvRttimAM ane goresIomAM A pramANenAM vicalano maLe che. = bI 2.3.22 sumitroDapAyamAnA. = bI 2-5-24 patrasASim 2-4-32 2-6-24 2-19-9 TI ke tad AzvAsaya haDamam tvam. bI 2-16-12 tat svAsaya rInAna. 2-72-9 = bI 2-74-10 pathi taTTIntamutsaMkhya 2-103-30 = bI 2-111-36 yajJa: puruSo nUnama 3.2.72 TI ke vA ne badale vAna = bI 3-17-2 mAmagna vAn bhavanuM 3-35-9 TI 1-2 ke vaMzamuno rasathIvo bImAM nathI. pa-4-20 TI 2 ke dhvanovaitAnidaiva = bI 5-10-22 vina: nizrApa 6-31-44 = bI 6-7-47 pradartanehanvitam 6-43-43.TI1, ra, apaviddheza mizva = bI 6-18-53 2 barnaza 6-38-8 TI1, 2 ke tamannADodat = bI 6-14-11 avarodavU suprI: 6-59-112 TI 1, ke katha vAyusutaH o bImAM nathI.

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harmana yAkobI 6-90-66 TI 1,2 TuravAranuM TI 1 suviSaham TI, ke viSama bI 6-30-32 durAdharSam viSaham 6-105-10 TI-2 ke svaretA vivAra: bImAM nathI. 6-114 93 TI 1,2 vikRzya vRddhayA dharmano bI 6-95 46 TI nI jema 6-128-102 TI 1 2 nityapuSkA nityakSatAm bI 6 - 113-6 TI nI jema. chaMdobhaMga karanArA 16 khaMDomAMthI 4 goresIonI AvRttimAM Ave che. (chUTI chUTI chapAI che.) 7 ane 10 telugu AvRttiomAM anukrame. e nakkI karavuM muzkela che ke telugu AvRtti kayo pATha Ape che, mULa ke sudhArelo? kurIvAra cokkasa mULa pATha jaNAya che, tyAre sudhArelo pATha tat zvAstha dIThamam tvaM tvaM, viMzadbhujo dazagrIvo, tamanvarohat sugrIvo dhvajotpatAkinazcaiva, vimRzya buddhayA dharmajJo. 2. e noMdhapAtra che ke aitareya brAhmaNa (saMpAdana, opheTa, prastAvanA pR.5)nI zunazepanI kathAmAM kSatriyonA gauNa sthAna vize carcA Ave che. e ja kAraNathI gaMgAnuM avataraNa 1-30 thI 44no eka khAsa ane pachInA samayano prakSipta bhAga hovo joIe kAraNa ke, teno paNa zravati sAthe aMta Ave che. yaH zrAvayati vipreSu kSatriyeSu itareSu ca prIyante pitarastasya tasya prIyante daivatAni ca / idamAkhyAnamAyuSyaM gaMgAvataraNaM zubham / yaH zrRNoti kAkutstha sarvAn kAmAnavApnuyAt / (sarve pApAH praNazyanti AyuH kIrtizca vardhate // ) rAmavarmanuM pa6mA sargathI potAnI TIkAno AraMbha A zabdothI kare che. rUta mAraga punarnaplena sAram tyaktA: sArdhavarturvitiH sto: prA| vyAdhyAtaprAyA vi. ethI UlaTuM mahezvaratIrtha ane govindarAjanI TIkAomAMthI e nizcita thatuM nathI ke AraMbhanA ATha zlokone temaNe punarAvartanarUpe gaNyA che. (kAraNa ke teo bombe AvRttinA 3-10, 15-20ne gALI nAkhe che.) ethI ulaTuM, pahelA zlokano prasthitam zabda (tatataM sthita sItA vIkSamALA) pahelA karatAM bIjA khaMDamAM vadhAre sArI rIte baMdha bese che, evuM koI kahI zake. paNa A vAMdho bIjA khaMDamAM bArIkAIthI parIkSaNa karatAM Takato nathI kAraNake haju hanumAnane javAnuM AvyuM pratim nathI. tethI prathama khaMDamAM paNa tenuM aucitya nahIMvat che, paNa 38mA sarganA keTalAka zlokomAM A paNa eka zloka che.

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54 rAmAyaNa maNiratnaM kavivaraH pratigRhyAbhivAdya ca / / sItAM pradakSiNam kRtvA praNata: pArzvataH sthitaH // 68 / / dekhItu che ke, AnI pachI tarata ja tatastaM prasthitama vagere Ave che. have sthita" ApaNane saMtoSa thAya tema spaSTa bane che. dakSiNabhAratIya AvRtti (saMbhavataH mahezvaratIrtha ane govindarAjane paNa samAvatAM) e UlaTI rIte, Alekhana karyuM che. eTale, bIjI jagyAe AvatA khaMDane kADhI nAkhyo nathI paNa, AkhA prasaMgane thoDA zlokomAM samAvI dIdho che. upara TAMkelA be zloko (rakSAM pravaranuM dRndA) hanumAnanA prasaMgamAM pAchA vaLavAnI sAthenA anusaMdhAnanA prayatnarUpa jaNAya che. bImAM pa3 ane 54mA sarganA AraMbhamAM goThavelA che ane tenuM svarUpa A pramANe che. pravarAna rakSasAn hatvA nAma vizrAvya cAtmanaH / dagdhvA ca nagarI laGkAM sItAM draSTuM yayau kapiH // 53-1 / / gatvA cAmantrayAmAsa gamanAya mahodadheH / tamabhiprasthitaM dRSTvA vIkSamANA punaH punaH // 53-2 // pachIthI vidAya-dezya (juo upara 1-1) Ave che. ane pachI pa4mo sarga zarU thAya che. AkulAM nagarI kRtvA vyathayitvA ca rAvaNam / darzayitvA balaM ghoramabhivAdya ca maithilIn // 1 // tataH pizartutaH vagere te ja zlokonuM punarAvartana karavAmAM Ave che. kRNa che vagere. 3-36-17 ane 3-40-17 A be khaMDo vacce je TUkaDo Ave che te pachIthI umerAelo prakSapta aMza che. 41mA sargamAM nirUpAelA viSayane pharIthI ahIM UtAravAmAM Avyo che. evA paNa keTalAka hoI zake che, AvI nagaNya asaMgatione interdum dormit, homerus (Homer also nods-homara paNa kyAreka jhokuM khAI jAya che.) siddhAnta pramANe mahattva na Ape. paNa, e kALajI rAkhavI joIe ke A bedarakArI kavi para Aropita na karavAmAM Ave kAraNa ke rAmAyaNa vAlmIkinuM jIvanabharanuM kArya hatuM. temaNe A kAvya racyuM eTaluM ja nahIM paNa, eka mahAkAvyanA kavinI rIte, janasamAjamAM prastuta thAya te rIte, smRtipaTa para aMkita paNa karyuM. AvI prakriyA kRtimAM. anIcchAe pravezI gaelI asaMgationI ghasaNakhorIne aTakAve che. kavie A dura karavA mATenI taka jhaDapI levAnI paNa ghaNI kALajI rAkhI che. eTalA mATe mahAkAvyanI paddhatinI viparIta jatI A asaMgatione koIe haLavAzathI levI joIe nahIM. eTale, jo te pracura pramANamAM hoya to, bIjI koI kalamathI UtarI AvelA prakSipta aMzo tarIke gaNavAmAM aucitya che.

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harmana yAkobI 55 10. e noMdhapAtra che ke, mudrikA 7kSitA: vanaDropazobhitama che. 5-11-27mAM rUSavo nitiSyintiA rImatakSmaLa:-thI mULAkSarano bIjo paNa eka saMketa maLe che. azokanA samayamAM lipi moTe bhAge jANItI hatI. rAjAe potAnA upadeza siddhAntonA pracAra mATe teno upayoga karelo. enA zilAlekho vidvAnone saMbodhita na hatA nahIM to, te saMskRtamAM racAyA hota. paNa te sAmAnya janatA mATe hatA je, janabhASA bolanArA hatA. jo loko vAMcI zake tema na hoya to, A pracalita bhASAno zo upayoga thayo hota ! eTale meksa-mUlarano A mata saMbhavataH azokanI AjJAthI bAhya srotomAMthI mULAkSaro UchInA laIne, vidvAnoe mAgadhI lipine racI che, tene huM bhUlabharelo mAnuM chuM. azokanA mULAkSaronA dhvanitaMtranI saMpUrNa samaja tenI punarracanA karatA vidvAnonI asara darzAve che. paNa, prAcInatama zilAlekhonI dhvani vagaranI lipi eka lakhavAnI paddhati tarIke, lokoe apanAvelI ane lipinA vyavahAru upayoganI sAkSI Ape che, paNa pachIthI tene tyajI devAmAM AvI. sarayU pUrvanI che, maru pazcimanI che, vidhya dakSiNano ane himAlaya uttarano che. bolInkanA abhinaMdana graMthamAM viSNuno ullekha Ave che. dakSiNa jANItuM na hatuM evA matanA samarthanamAM purAvA tarIke prastuta karI zakAya. paNa upara nirIkSaNa karyA pramANe A dalIla Take nahIM. mAro evo paNa abhiprAya che ke, anya chaMdomAM AvatAM padyo moTe bhAge, haMmezAM nahIM, sargano aMta darzAve che. paNa te mULa kavinI racanAo nathI. mahAbhAratanA 12mA parvano vicAra Ave che. A AvA ja uddezathI mahAkAvyamAM dAkhala karavAmAM Avelo paNa, zithila ane upalaka che. 11. . 14. 6-108 paranI tilakaTIkAmAM rAmavarmanuM bhinna mato jaNAve che. 15. Akho 101mo sarga prakSita che e bIjI rIte paNa darzAvI zakAya. AgaLanA sargane aMte rAma eka gaMbhIra pratijJA le che (5-48) asminmuhUrte nacirAt satyaM pratizrRNomi vaH / arAvaNamarAmaM vA jagat drakSyatha vAnarAH / / pachI rAvaNa sAthenA potAnA yuddhane nihALavA traNe jagatane AmaMtraNa Ape che (5-55) adya pazyantu rAmasya rAmatvaM mama saMyage / trayo lokAH sagandharvAH siddhAzca sahacAraNAH //

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56 rAmAyaNa 16. (DIno pATha TI pramANe che. baoNmbe AvRttimAM sintharvavArA che) dekhItuM che ke, jenuM varNana thanAra che te nirNayAtmaka yuddha mATenuM AmaMtraNa che. A prasaMgonI vacce hanumAne ANelI auSadhiothI lakSmaNanA sAjA thavAnI vAta Ave che. A saMdarbhamAM khalela pahoMcADe che ane, yuddhanA varNananI karuNa zarUAta nirarthaka banI jAya che. 101mo sarga prakSita hovA mATe eka bIjo paNa saMketa che. 100-57 ane 58 thoDAM parivartana sAthe 101-3 ane 4 mAM paNa Ave che. A rIte pachInA umeraNane saraLatAthI oLakhI zakAya che. atyAranA pATha pramANe cokkasa A bIjI vAta che paNa A mATenI zarata e che ke, sarga 4549, prakSita hovA joIe. vaLI 50mo sarga A pramANe zarU thAya che. tyAM rAma ayodhyAne saMbodhe che. Ayche tyAM ri che.... punarjamAM AvI abhivyaktithI evuM dhArI zakAya ke, rAma potAnI AgaLa ayodhyA jue che. lakSmaNa ane guha vacceno vArtAlApa jayAM ghaTe che te gaMgA ane ayodhyA vaccenuM aMtara kadAca ratha dvArA eka athavA ethI paNa vadhAre divasano pravAsa che paNa AvA mATe mahAkAvyanA kavino koNa doSa kADhavAnuM che? vaLI e prazna paNa aprastuta che ke 71mA sargamAM jeno ullekha thayo che te girirAja bhaNI ayodhyAthI jatAM sAta divasa thAya che. eTale, saMbhavataH 4)mAM pachI tarata ja 50mo sarga Ave che. AvI 40-47 ane 50panI abhivyaktio sAthe sarakhAvo. bIjI kRtiomAM paNa AvuM vidhAna Ave che. rAmavarmanuM padmapurANa 2-57-2mAM A zloka TAMke 17. 18. 20. rAmasya nirgamanadinAd dine SaSTherdharAtrake / hA hA lakSmaNa hA sIte rAmeti mRto nRpaH // chelle ullekhAyelI A baMne kathAo kadAca mULa kAvyane ajANI che. nahIM to tenuM saMkSiptamAM nirUpaNa thayuM hota. 66-93 sargomAM vArtA je pramANe Ave che te cokkasa potAnA vistAra ane bahu punarAvartanane kAraNe maulika nathI. A samasyAnuM parIkSaNa ApaNane ahIM sudhI dorI lAve che. huM e bIjI taka sudhI mulatvI rAkhuM chuM. hoTjhamenanuM A mahattvanuM nirIkSaNa bAkInA adhikRta sargo mATe paNa yathArtha che. 2-118mAM sItAnA lagnano ullekha Ave che. ahIM sItA anasUyAne potAnAM smaraNo kahe che. A prasaMga prakSipta jaNAya che. kAraNa ke, pahelo kAMDa rAmAyaNano anivArya bhAga jaNAto nathI. UrmilA sAthenA lakSmaNanA lagnano ullekha ahIM eka zlokamAM Ave che, je chevaTe umeravAmAM Avyo che. (53) ane tenA praSita hovAnuM ekadama najare caDe evuM eTalA mATe che ke, eka viSayane nirUpatA be zlokonI vacce te Ave che. e ane bImAM bhAratanA pravAsano khAso evo vistAra che. potAnA mAtAmahanA ghare rahyA te daramyAna banne rAjakumArone sarva zAstro zikhavavAmAM Ave che. jeNe A prasaMga kahyo che te kavi pramANe A nivAsa ghaNAM varSo sudhI laMbAyo che. 21.

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harmana yAkobI 57. 22. 1 bInA 5-31-11,12 pramANe te phakata eka varSa mATe hatuM. 23. e paNa noMdhapAtra che ke, 2-69mAM bhAratanA pratyAgamana samaye, Akasmika Dhabe zatrughnano ullekha (70-28) karavAmAM Avyo che. enAthI evI chApa paDe che ke, mULa vArtAmAM kevaLa bharata che ane zatrughnano samAveza pachIthI karavAmAM Avyo che. A chelluM pAtra sAmAnya rIte, evo to gauNa bhAga vArtAmAM bhajave che. ane tene mATe te binajarUrI paNa che ke, maLa rAma-kathAno e aMza nahIM hoya ema mAnavAnI pharaja paDe che. mULa kathA kevaLa dazarathanI traNa rANIonI jema traNa ja putrone jANe che. pachInA jaina sAhityamAM AvatI kathAomAM paNa traNa pAtro Ave che. laoNmane paNa vinara jheizrITamAM pR.35 para A pramANe darzAvyuM che. 24. TAboya vahIlaranA rahasyamaya uttara-pazcima saMskaraNamAM vArtA zaizavathI AraMbhAya che. 25. rAmAyaNanA AraMbhanuM punargaThana pachIthI juo. A AMkaDAo bombe AvRttinA che. 26. huM 5-8mA zlokane prakSipta mAnuM chuM, kAraNa ke, AgalA zlokamAM chellA caraNamAM je kahevAyuM tenuM nirarthaka punarAvartana che. suvidha zabda UchIno le che. T H

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trIjo vibhAga bhAratIya sAhityamAM rAmAyaNanuM sthAna rAmAyaNano uddabhava ane vikAsa meM mULa rAmAyaNamAM prakSepaNo ane umeraNo azeSapaNe darzAvavA mATe A pUrvenuM parIkSaNa karyuM nathI. ema karavAmAM atyAre ApaNI pAse che tenA karatAM vadhu sAmagrI joIe ane prAthamika rIte vadhu abhyAsa mAgI le che. have e darzAvavuM joIe ke A prakSepaNonuM svarUpa kevA prakAranuM che ane kaI rIte umeraNa thayuM che. jevI rIte pachInI peDhIoe ApaNAM ghaNAM prAcIna ane pavitra devaLomAM kazuMka navu umeryuM che. ane mULa bAMdhaNIne nukasAna pahoMcADyA vagara nAnAM devaLo ane minArAo joDAyA che. te ja rIte gAyakonI peDhIoe rAmAyaNa para hAtha ajamAvyo che. ane chatAM, jenI AsapAsa ghaNuM umerAyuM che te prAcIna kendra to samIkSakanI cikitsaka daSTine haju spaSTa ja che. jo ke sarva vigato nahIM to paNa eka rUparekhA to spaSTa kharI ja. ApaNe umeraNono sUkSmatAthI vicAra karIe to be bAbato nizcitapaNe jANI zakIe chIe. prathama to, jo gauNa lakSaNo dhyAnamAM na levAmAM Ave to mULa kRtimAM je vibhAvanA che tenuM ja ahIM prAthamya che, ane bIju prakSepaNo zithilapaNe karavAmAM AvyAM che. ane tethI sAMdho bhUla vagara parakhAI jAya che. sAmAnya rIte evuM mAnavAmAM Ave che ke brAhmaNoe potAnA svArthI hetu mATe kRtimAM parivartana karyuM hoya che. paNa ahIM evI koI saMbhAvanA nathI. jo AvI rIte phugAvelI kRti hota to, sAMdhAo oLakhI na zakAta ane samagra kRti sarvAga saMpUrNa kRti tarIke raju thaI hota. pUrvagrahathI parivartita kRtimAM koI evuM cihna maLatuM nathI ke jyAM thoDA zabdo ke mULanA thoDA zloko khUba kharAba rIte badalavAmAM AvyA hoya athavA dUra karavAmAM AvyA hoya. alabatta, A prakAranuM kazuMka kRtimAM dekhAvuM ja joIe, nahIM to, eno koI paNa ullekha na hota paNa mane potAno

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harmana yAkobI 59 svArtha sAdhavA mATe A pUrvagrahathI prerita parivartita kRti che evuM arthaghaTana karavAnuM sucaze nahIM. vaLI te samagra kRtine asara karanAruM paNa nathI. mato ane valaNone dAkhala karavA hayAta sAmagrIne navo AkAra ApavAmAM Avyo hoya to ja ApaNe pUrvagraha prerita parivartananI vAta karI zakIe. je A prAcIna kRtithI alaga paDatuM hoya athavA to, taddana viruddhanuM hoya. paNa AmAnuM kazuM ja rAmAyaNamAM zodhI zakAya tema nathI, kAraNa ke joDelo bhAga paNa mULa kRtinI jema e ja vibhAvanAthI anuprANita che. paNa jyAre kRtimAM viSNu ane rAmanA abhedano vicAra eka navA mata tarIke praveze che. tyAre te kevaLa prakSipta bhAgo pUrato ja maryAdita rahe che. ane samagra kRtimAM vyApelo hoto nathI. ane eTale ja ApaNe svArthI hetuo mATe kRtimAM parivartananI vAta karI zakIe tema nathI. jo vadhArAnA khaMDo dAkhala thayA tenI pUrve mULa kAvyanuM punargaThana thaI gayuM hatuM ema dhAraNA bAMdhIne, A samasyAono ukela zodhavAno jo koI prayatna kare to AvI dhAraNAnA samarthanamAM purAvo rajU karavo anivArya che. mane kalpanA paNa thatI nathI ke, AvA matanA samarthanamAM kevI rIte purAvo prastuta thaI zake. bAhya sAbitIo to koI che nahIM ane pAThanA jhINavaTathI ane vAraMvAranA parizIlana pachI AMtarika sAkSya paNa mane to jaDatuM nathI. saMbhavataH bhAratIya sAhityanI utkrAntimAMthI A mata sAthe saMvAdI Avo vicAra svIkAravA koI prerAya kharuM. A vicAra game teTalo camatkRtibharyo lAgato hoya paNa jayAM sudhI uparyukta sAmagrInuM sarvAgI parIkSaNa na thAya tyA sudhI te vicAra nyApya Tharato nathI. ane te AtmakendrI banI raheto hovAthI kAvyanI gaMbhIra vicAraNAne pAtra Tharato nathI. A sarva hakIkato brAhmaNoe karelA punargaThananA matanI viruddha jAya che. eTaluM ja nahIM paNa AvI koI paNa pUrvadhAraNAnI viparIta Thare che. mULa prAkRtamAMthI saMskRtamAM mahAkAvyane DhALavAmAM AveluM e vicAranuM samarthana koNe kareluM te huM jANato nathI, paNa umeraNo ane parivartanonA uddagamane lAgevaLage che tyAM sudhI ApaNe temanA vize eka prAmANika mata jarUra bAMdhI zakIe tema chIe. ApaNane rAmAyaNamAMthI ja jANa thAya che te pramANe bhATa-cAraNo aMzataH tenuM gAna karatA hatA ane aMzataH saMgItanA vAdyo sAthe gAvAmAM AvatuM. (1-4-8-34, 7-71, 14, 94. 4 vagere) A rIte vAlmIkinA ziSyo ane rAmanA putro lava ane kuza dvArA, maukhika (1-4-10) paraMparAmAM sacavAyuM. kuzIlava bhATa-cAraNa, abhinetA zabdanA lokapriya artha mATe kuza ane lava nAme prayatna karavAmAM Avyo che. (juo pITarsananA kozamAM kuzIlavara) prAcIna samayamAM jema mahAkAvyathI kavitAno vikAsa thato gayo, tema, pravAsa karanArA gAyako, abhinaya karanArAo ane kathAkAro (AvyopanIvinA) astitvamAM AvyA ane te svAbhAvika che ke, kAvyano uddagama game te hoya paNa mahAkAvyanA gItonI

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60 rAmAyaNa jema tene saMkrAnta karavAmAM Ave che. maukhika rIte kathAkAro jALave che. Ama rAmAyaNa sAthe paNa banyuM, kAraNa ke pravAsI gAyakonI A vilakSaNatA hatI. potAnI saMpattino upayoga karavAmAM teo kALajI rAkhe. huM bhautika pAsAno vicAra nathI karato. teo zrotAonI tALIo to jhaMkhatA ja. e bahu ja svAbhAvika che ke, temAMnA jemanI pAse kavipratibhA hatI teo potAnI racanAothI potAnI pAsenI sAmagrIne samRddha karatA, teo zrotAonA bhAva, kalpanA ane rasa paratve bahu ja jAgRta rahetA. A prakAranA svarUpamAM, kathAvastumAM hRdayasparzI dazyonA bahelAvavA (alaMkAra zAstrIonA maMtavya pramANe rAmAyaNa karuNa rasa pradhAna che.) uparAMta, kathAvastumAM parivartana thatuM. (ramUjI ane viDaMbanAtmaka dRzyo ane nItizAstranI sAmagrInAM) je umeraNo lokone gamI jatAM, te vaLI paraMparAthI jALavavAmAM AvatAM ane te, e rIte, rAmAyaNanAM aMgabhUta banatAM. kyAreka evuM paNa banatuM ke kathAnAM pachInAM svarUpAMtaro, mULa karatAM vadhAre lokapriya banatAM ane mULane dUra paNa karI detAM. A rIte rAmAyaNanuM kada dhIre dhIre vadhatuM gayuM ane, jo tenuM eka grathita svarUpa ApavAmAM na AvyuM hota to te chinnabhinna thaI gayuM hota. niHsaMzaya, prathama kAMDamAM pahelA sargamAM AvatI sAmagrInI anukramaNikAthI A hetu siddha thAya che. pahelA ane chellA kAMDanA sAmagrIno ahIMyAM ullekha nahIM hovAthI A nizcita karanAruM grathita svarUpa pahelA ane chellA kAMDanI uddabhava pahelAM, baMdhAyuM haze. saMbhavataH rUpAMtarita (DAyAskensa diaskense svarUpa) paNa sargomAM vibhAjana sAthe rAmAyaNanA mULa bhAgane samAve che. uttarakAMDamAM sargono saMdarbha ghaNA prasaMge ApavAmAM Avyo che. anya sthaLonI jema, kathAkAro dvArA vadhArAnA zloko lakhavAnI satata prakriyA mULa kAvyanI sAmagrI pUratI maryAdita na hatI. paNa prathama kavie na nirUpyA hoya tevA khaMDone paNa A prakriyA lAgu pADavAmAM AvI. chevaTe, prathama kavie nirUpelA vArtAnA AraMbhe nAyaka ane tenA pratispardhakonA pUrvajIvanano itihAsa rahe che, ane mULa kathA cAlu rahe che. A pramANe bhAratamAM kharekhara banyuM. bAlakAMDamAM rAmanI yuvAnIne gAvAmAM AvI ane uttarakAMDamAM temanA mRtyu sudhI A vArtA cAlI. ahIM vistarelA mahAkAvyanA khajAnAne sthira karavAnI AvazyakatA vartAI. Ano purAvo A hakIkatanA samarthanamAM trIjA sarganI sAmagrInI anukramaNikA dvArA apAya che. chatAM uttarakAMDane haju AkharI svarUpa prApta thayuM nathI kAraNa ke trIjA sargamAM enI sAmagrIno Acho ullekha thayo che. 7-94-26mAM paNa teno saMketa thayo che. AdiprabhRti vai rAjan paJcasargazatAni ca / kANDAni SaT kRtAnIha sottarANi mahAtmanA ||

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harmana yAkobI bAlakAMDa ane uttarakAMDanI racanA ane mULa mahAkAvya vacce ghaNo samaya pasAra thayo te hakIkatanA anumodanamAM, A banne kAMDa purAvAo purA pADe che. A graMtha dvArA ja rAmAyaNano nAyaka lokono naitika nAyaka banI gayo ane eka jAtinA nAyakamAMthI rASTrIya nAyakamAM parivartita thayo. tene phALe AvelA sanmAne mAnavIya starethI daivI stare pahoMcADyA ane pazcima bhAratanA bIjA mahAkAvyanA nAyaka kRSNanI sAthe je banyuM te ja rIte, temano viSNu sAthe abheda sAdhavAmAM Avyo. bhAratIya dharmanI utkrAntinA saMdarbhamAM AlphaDa lyAle aitihAsika AdhArono ullekha karatI purAkathAo (euhemerism)mAM A sivAya bIjuM bhAgye ja bane ema kahyuM che. rAma ane kRSNanI bAbatamAM eka daMtakathAno nAyaka lokapriya devamAM bhaLI gayo che jema ke yAdavakRSNa bharavADono deva govindamAM ane rAghava rASTrIya deva rAmamAM jeNe dAnavone jityA. A banyA pachI A pramANenA vibhAvita deva viSNunA avatAra manAyA. rAmanuM daivIkaraNa ane viSNu sAtheno abheda e pahelA ane aMtima kAMDanI noMdhapAtra hakIkato che. teoe kavinA daSTipathamAM bRhasvarUpa dhAraNa karyuM. paNa pAMca mULa kAMDomAM thoDA prakSipta khaMDonA apavAda sivAya A vicAra jovA maLato nathI. UlaTuM rAma to, naryA mAnava ja che." pachIthI umerAelA kAMDomAM rAmanA pAtranA parivartana mATe, vadhu lAMbo samaya jarUrI banelo. pahelA ane chellA kAMDamAM vAlmIki rAmanA samakAlIna ane AdaraNIya RSi jaNAya che. e tAraNa para paNa A ja hakIkatathI. AvIe chIe. A banne tyAre ja zakya baneluM jyAre vAlmIki pachInA kavione dUranA lAgelA ane pariNAme paurANika pAtranI AbhAthI teo vIMTaLAelA ane temane mATe dhUsarita thayelA. A hetu mATe Avazyaka evo samaya ApaNe nakkI karI zakatA nathI, paNa eTaluM to cokkasa ke A samaya dasakAothI nahIM paNa sadIothI mApavAno che. grIka ane sIthiyana bhAratIone paricita hovAthI haju paNa vadhArAnA khaMDo mATe rAmAyaNa UghADuM hatuM, e ApaNe cothA bhAgamAM darzAvIzuM. mahAkAvyanI racanAnI dIrgha yAtrAnA pariNAme rAmAyaNane Ajano AkAra sAMpaDyo che. chatAM paramparA to ene eka sugrathita kAvya tarIke jue che, ane je cokkasa maryAdA sAthe jaLavAyuM che paNa kharuM. kAvyanA kendranI AsapAsa ghaNI peDhIonI mahAkAvya racanA ekatra thaI che. ane chatAM, kendra to eka pramukha kavinI saMvAdI racanA ja hatI. kavi kyAM rahetA hatA ane vAlmIkinA anukartAonuM mahAkAvya kyAM ubhavyuM ? khAsa karIne bAlakAMDa ane uttarakAMDanI paramparA A praznonA ucita uttara mATe ApaNI

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rAmAyaNa sahAye Ave che. vadhu vizeSa rIte 7-45mAM tamasAnI pAse, gaMgAnA dakSiNa taraphanA kinAre vAlmIkino Azrama hato ema rAma jaNAve che. AnI sAthe, 1-2-3nuM kathana ane 7-48nI kathA saMmata thAya che. 7-66mAM zatrughna vAlmIkinA AzramamAMthI pazcimanA kinArethI yamunA nadI tarapha pravAsamAM AvI caDhe che. rAmavarmananA purAvA pramANe kataka 66-1pamAM yamunAtaram ne badale mAtaram vAMce che. jo katakano pATha sAco hoya (mahezvaratIrtha pramANe vino artha e thAya) to, ApaNI pAse eka judI ja paraMparA Ave che je pramANe vAlmIkino Azrama gaMgAnA uttara kinArA para che. have, alAhAbAdanI gaMgAne maLatI yamunAnA kinAre bAndA jIllAmAM buddhela khaMDamAM TekarI e Azrama sthaLa darzAvAyuM che. haju paNa ApaNane rAmAyaNamAMthI maLatI rasaprada vAta e noMdhavAnI che ke te (vAlmIki) ayodhyAnA rAjakuTuMba sAthe nikaTanA saMparkamAM hatA. temanA AzramamAM nirvAsita sItAne Azraya maLe che. ane tyAM te kuza ane lava e joDiyAM bALakone janma Ape che. A kuza ane lava, pachIthI vAlmIki pAsethI kAvya zIkhe che. 1-5mAM gAyakane je rIte rajU karavAmAM Ave che te juo. tyAM kahevAmAM AvyuM che. ikSvAkUNAmidaM teSAM vaMze rAjJAM mahAtmanAm / mahadutpannamAkhyAnaM rAmAyaNamiti zrutam // A kathana pramANe, rAmAyaNano uddabhava ikvAkuvaMzamAM thayo, ane, koI aMtara rAkhyA sivAya kAvyanA kartA tarIke vAlmIkine gaNAve che. izvAkuvaMzanA rAmanI kathA ke daMtakathA sUtonA ghaNA kAvyono viSaya banyo, ane teo izvAkuvaMzanA rAjakumAronI sabhAmAM gAtA. eka pramukha kavi brAhmaNa vAlmIkie A viSaya vastu grahaNa karyuM ane bhinna bhinna gItomAM vikharAyelAM judAM judAM aMgone sAMkaLyAM ane ekasUtra kAvya racyuM. A prakAranuM kaMI pahelI vAranuM na hatuM. paNa zAzvata mUlyanuM pahelIvAranuM hatuM, jene samucita rIte kavivyam tarIke oLakhI zakAya. je paheluM kRtrima kAvya hatuM. sarva sthaLe, ApaNe ucita mahAkAvyanI pUrvabhUmikA rUpe mahAkAvyanA gItonI dhAraNA rAkhavI ja paDe. bhAratamAM paNa rAmAyaNa vize A pramANe banyuM. vAlmIki racita mahAkAvya (vAlmIkinA kAvyanA kartRtva vize zaMkA karavAnuM koI kAraNa nathI) pachI vyavasAyika kathAkAro kuzIlavo dvArA kaMThastha karavAmAM AvyuM ane teno pracAra karavAmAM Avyo. A kuzIlavone ApaNe rAjasabhAnA sUtothI bhinna tAravavA paDe." A pUrvenI carcA parathI ApaNe evuM dhArI zakIe ke rAmAyaNano udgama kosalanI bhUmimAM thayo haze, jenA para IkvAku vaMzanA rAjAo zAsana karatA hatA. saMbhavataH enA

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harmana yAkobI 63 sau prathama phelAvAnA sthaLanI sImAonI bahAra evA pradezomAM prasaryuM ke je IkvAku vaMzanI bhinna bhinna zAkhAonA rAjAonA zAsana heThaLa hatA. ane, jeo temanI sAthe saMkaLAyelA hatA. mahAkAvya potAnAmAM kAMDa pahelA ane sAtamAmAM A, ghaTanAonuM varNana samAve che. anya rAjAonI kathAono paNa tyAM samAveza karavAmAM Avyo che. Ano dekhIto hetu to bhinna IkvAku rAjAone ekatra karavA ane tenA viSayavastune ayodhyAnA rAjavIo sAthe nikaTano saMbaMdha sthApavo A rIte, temanI mahattA gAvI. tyAM mithilAnA videho paNa hatA je sItA dvArA ayodhyAnA kuTuMba sAthe saMbaMdhita hatA. ane sAtamA kAMDamAM temanA udgama vizenI kathA paNa kahevAmAM AvI che. sAnkAzyanI bhUmi paNa enI pazcime che, jyAMnA rAjavaMzamAMthI rAmacandranA be bhAIo patnIone ANe che. pUrvamAM aMgadeza che jenA rAjA romapAda dazaratha sAthe maitrIbharyo saMbaMdha dharAve che. 738mAM ApaNane mAhitI maLe che ke, kAzInA rAjA paNa rAmacandranA mitra che. kathAmAM vizvAmitrane dAkhala karavAno hetu paNa A RSinuM sanmAna karanArA kuTuMbane athavA jeo kuzanA vaMzanA hatA temanA saMbaMdhamAM lAvavAno che. Ane pariNAme mahAkAvyamAM ullekha pAmavA mATenI temane taka maLatI hatI. A pramANeno kisso kauzAmbI, mahodaya (kAnyakubdha), dharmAraNya ane girivraja (1-33) ane kArpitya (1-33)no che. te ja pramANe kauzikInI pUrvanA kuTuMbo vize paNa che. vizvAmitra (1-34)nI moTI bahena satyavatI sAthe A nadI ekarUpa che. rAmAyaNamAM pachIthI umerAyelA bhAgomAM A nagaro ane dezonA ullekha dvArA ApaNane purAvA sAMpaDe che. A purAvA e hakIkatanuM samarthana kare che ke, vAlmIkinuM mahAkAvya sau prathama A upara varNavelA prAMtomAM uttama vistArane pAmyuM, A prAMto pUrva hindustAnamAM che.11 paraMparA sAthe susaMgata Dhabe, ApaNe evuM mAnI zakIe ke vIra nAyakonA nivAsasthAnamAM rAmAyaNa udbhavyuM haze, ane tyAMthI pachI prasaryuM haze. AvuM ApaNe mahAbhArata vize paNa mAnI zakIe. pazcima bhAratanA loko AmAM mukhya bhAga bhajave che. eTaluM ja nahIM paNa sUto dvArA sau prathama (paraMparA) gAvAmAM paNa AvI haze. A mahAkAvyanAM gIto rAmAyaNanI jema eka susaMgata kathAnA svarUpamAM utarI AvyAM hoya. evuM lAgatuM nathI. paNa paraspara saMbaMdha dharAvatA kathAnAyakanA svarUpamAM tenI racanA thaI haze. rAmAyaNa karatAM mahAbhAratanA prasaMgonuM sthaLa vadhAre dUra hatuM. mukhya kAryamAM bhAga lenArI aitihAsika vyaktio vize paNa ema ja e saMbhavita che ke prAMtanA eka bhAgamAM mahAkAvyanA kathAcakrano AraMbha thAya, paNa anya bhAgonA vividha rAjakIya ane dhArmika abhigamo pramANe kathAcakrane parivartana sahana karavuM paDe ane punarracanA paNa thAya. ApaNe

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64 rAmAyaNa pAchA AvA ghaNA saMkula praznono AgaLa vicAra karIzuM. ahIM ApaNe banne mahAkAvyonA pArasparika saMbaMdha nizcita karavAnA praznano vicAra karI rahyA chIe. dareka mahAkAvya anya mahAkAvyanA uddabhava sthaLe laI javAmAM AvyuM hovAthI banne ekabIjA sAthe saMparkamAM AvyAM. AnI rAmAyaNa-mahAbhAratanI utkrAnti para kyAM sudhI asara thaI ? ApaNe vidheyAtmaka uttara ApI zakIe tema chIe. rAmAyaNa mukhya rUparekhAmAM pUruM thaI gayuM hatuM. jyAre mahAbhArata haju racAtuM hatuM. A mATe nimnalikhita kAraNo che. 1. rAmAyaNamAM mahAbhAratanA nAyakono ullekha nathI. jyAre mahAbhAratamAM rAmAyaNano ullekha che. eTaluM ja nahIM paNa mahAbhAratamAM rAmapAkhyAnano samAveza karavAmAM Avyo che.2 2. mahAbhAratanA sAtamAM parvamAM, 6019-21 e vAlmIki rAmAyaNanuM avataraNa che. je sAtyakinA mukhamAM mUkavAmAM AvyuM che. (pa vAyaM purI rItaH stone vAndhIvinA muvi . A pramANe che. na hantavyAH striya iti yad bravISi plavaMgama / (sarvakAlaM manuSyeNa vyavasAyavatA savAI pIDAzAmamitrAnAM vat yAt Rrtavyameva tatva | paheluM ane chelle caraNa3 barAbara rAmAyaNa 6-81-28 (goresIo 60-24)mAM te ja pramANe Ave che. A rIte mahAbhArata samAptine Are pahoMce te pahelAM rAmAyaNa prAcIna graMtha tarIke jANIto banyo hato. prophesara vebare potAnA graMtha Ramayana pR. 40 para mahAbhAratanA uparyukta khaMDano ullekha karyo che. paNa rAmAyaNamAM teno samAnArthI khaMDa temane jaDyo nathI, paNa teo eka bIjA avataraNa 12.2086 tarapha vizeSa dhyAna kheMce che. (purA gIto mAve mahAtmA AkhyAne rAmacarite) rAjAnAM prathamaM vindeta tato bhAryAM tato dhanam / rAjanyasati lokasya kuto bhAryA kuto dhanam // A aMza rAmAyaNamAM Avato nathI.14 paNa vebare AvA ja bhAvArthanA bIjA khaMDa tarapha dhyAna kheMcyuM che. jo mahAbhAratamAM rAmAyaNamAMthI sIdhuM avataraNa ane prakSepothI mukta evo khaMDa maLe to, ApaNe evuM mAnavA prerAIe chIe ke, rAmopAkhyAna rAmAyaNanA anukaraNamAM racAeluM ane mahAbhAratamAM (3-ra77-291) samAvavAmAM AveluM che. ane vidvAno

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harmana yAkobI 65 darzAve che te pramANe te prakSipta aMzothI phUgAveluM nathI. pR. 36 para vebara, koIpaNa ekanI tarapheNamAM nirNaya ApyA vagara ja cAra saMbhavita paristhitio prastuta kare che. 1. rAmopAkhyAna rAmAyaNano srota che. 2. rAmopAkhyAna rAmAyaNanI lupta thayelI prAcIna vAcanAno sAra che. 3. rAmopAkhyAna rAmAyaNano sAra che ja. 4. banne eka ja srotano vikAsa che. vebara koI paNa cokkasa niSkarSa para AvI zakatA nathI tenuM kAraNa e che ke rAmAyaNathI judAM paDatAM rAmopAkhyAnanAM parivartano tene vadhu saraLatA ane maulikatAnuM lakSaNa arpavAmAMthI udbhavyAM che. mane evuM paNa jaNAyuM che ke, epiToma-sAra zabdanI vebaranI pasaMdagI bahu subhaga nathI. te evo artha vahana kare che ke vArtAnI mukhya rUparekhAno te anuvAda che. ane tethI parivartano jANItAM che ema mAnIne svIkAre che. ane abhipreta parivartano to vArtAne virUpa banAve che. AvI khoTI dhAraNA ApaNe TALI zakIe jo ApaNe "sArane badale "mukta anukaraNa' zabda prayojIe. jo koI prAcIna graMthanA mukta anukaraNamAM smRtine AdhAre ane nahIM ke lekhita pAThane AdhAre racanA kare che ane viSayamAM parivartana ANe che te to bahu saraLatAthI maulika graMtha hovAnI chApa UbhI kare che. huM A mata kevaLa rAmopAkhyAna vize ja nathI dharAvato paNa mahAbhAratanA anya asaMkhya prasaMgo vize paNa Ama mAnuM chuM. ane prAsaMgika saMbodhano rIMganuM, launtaya vagere vize to evuM kahI zakAya ke, mahAbhAratamAM samAvavA mATe vadhu prAcIna gIto pramANe temanI racanA karavAmAM AvI hatI. have huM rAmapAkhyAna vizenA mArA abhiprAyanI yathArthatA darzAvavAno prayatna karIza ane batAvIza ke temAM ghaNAM evAM smaraNa karAvanArAM sthaLo che je, zabdazaH rAmAyaNa sAthe maLatAM Ave che, ane evAM paNa parivartano che ke, je asaMdigdhatApUrvaka rAmAyaNa sAthenI potAnI bhinnatAne paNa jAhera kare che. huM bombe AvRttinI (ema. Ara) banne racanAone, uddhata karIza, ane goresIo (bI) sAthenuM pArthakya paNa noMdhIza. 1. avaLo vadhyatAM e vA vaSya: e vA vimukyatAm ma. bhA. 277, 22= Ara 2,-10-33 bI-9, 11. ema, bI nA pahelA ane bIjA vA mATe 2. kanvit kSemaM pure tava | ma. bhA. 1-278-3 vUt te zai ranarNaya rAkSasezvara, rA rU-rU-41 (mAM nathI)

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66 rAmAyaNa 3. hA sIte lakSmanetyevaM cukrozArtasvareNa ha ma. jI. 278-23 hA sIte lakSmaNetyevaM Akruzya tu mahAsvanam 21. 3-44-24 hA lakSmaNeti cukroza trAyasveti mahAvane 40. 50, 22 abhavyo bhavyarUpeNa bha. mA. 278-32/2 // 3-46-8 abhavyo bhavyarUpAM tAm bI 52-14 mama laGkA purI nAmA ramyA pAre mahodadheH . . 278-34 laGkA nAma samudrasya madhye mama mahApurI 21. 3-47-28 laGkA nAma samudrasya dvipazreSThA puri mama jI-43-34 mama pAre samudrasya laGkA nAma purI zubhA 2-3-48-10 mahApurI jI 3-54-14 kathaM hi pItvA madhvikaM pItvA ca madhumAdhavIm lobhaM sauvIrake kuryAnnArI kAcid iti smare, 5.278-40 suraNya (bhI surASTra) sauvIrakayoryad antaram tada antaram dAzarathestavaiva ca, 2 / 3-47, 45, 5 53-56 vasate tatra sugrIvazcaturbhiH sacivaiH saha, ma. 278-45 nivasatyAtmavAn vIrazcatubhiH saha vAnaraiH, 21-72-12 sa vasatyAtmavAn zUrazcatubhiH saha vAnaraiH, bI 75-63 8. tRNamantarataH kRtvA tamuvAca nizAcaram bha.281-17 tRNamantarataH kRtvA pratyuvAca zucismitA, 21-5-21-3 (pImA nathI) 8. arAkSasamimaM lokaM kartAsmi nizitaiH zaraiH / .284-162 // 6-41-67 arAkSasamimaM lokaM karomi nizitaiH zaraiH, bI 6-16-68 10. tataH sutumulaM yuddha abhavallomaharSaNam / .287-23 tad babhUvAdbhutaM yuddhaM tumulaM romaharSaNam / 2 // 3-25-34=ii 31-44 tatrAsIt sumahad yuddhaM tumulaM lomaharSaNam 21-6-43-16=0 18-23

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harmana yAkobI 1 2. 11. paramapitA nAtha matirmavet ma. paramApadgatasyApi dharme mama matirbhavet / 2 / . paramapaddhatisthApi dharma va dhRtirmavet | bI zikSad 2 mavinuM brahmAsvaM pratipAtu me ma. ra75-30=bI 7-10-30 zikSita ra vratatraM bhavanuM pratimAnu che. rA. 7 10, 30-31. yazman rAkSasonI te nAtamitravarSaLa ma. bhA. 277, 31=bI 7-1034 yAd rAkSasonI te nAtAmitranAzana | rA. 7-10-34 bI nAtharSe thIyate vRddhiramaratve tAni te . ma. bhA. nAtharne gAyate vRddhiramaratve mi te ! rA nAtharSe vartata vRddhiramaratve mite bI huM sau prathama nimna bAbatone jaNAvIza :(e) pAMca vakhata bI karatAM ma.bhA. sAthe sInA pATho vadhu najIka che. (bI) be vAra te bI sAthe maLe che (ane 7mA kAMDamAM) (sI) be vAra bI sAthe kazuM samAna nathI. A paristhitimAMthI evuM phalita thAya che ke ma. bhA. sInuM uttama pratinidhitva kare che. jyAre bInuM ma. bhA. sAthe sAmya ati najIvuM hovAthI rAmopAkhyAnanA racanAkALe bInI paristhiti vize cokkasa kahI zakAya tema nathI. nIcenI be hakIkato paNa rasaprada che. 1. rAmopAkhyAnamAM uttarakAMDanA be zloko maLe che. 2. eka vAra ma.bhA. 3-278-40no khaMDa rAmAyaNanA eka khaMDa sAthe maLato Ave che, ane je harahaMmezanA chaMdamAM racAelo nathI. AnA parathI ApaNe ema tAravI zakIe tema chIe ke, rAmopAkhyAnanA racanAkALe, uttarakAMDa ane ochAmAM ochuM rAvaNanI kathA astitvamAM hatI. (2). atyAre che te pramANe rAmAyaNanA sarga aMte judA chaMdanI racanAthI aMta

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68 rAmAyaNa pAmatA. A sarva samAnatA parathI eTaluM cokkasa phalita thAya che ke ApaNuM rAmAyaNa rAmopAkhyAnano srota che. koInA paNa mAnasamAM zaMkA hoya to ame AgaLa pR.10 para uThThata karelA zlokano saMdarbha ApIe chIe. sAgaraM cAmbaraprakhyaM ambaraM sAgaropamam / rAmaviyoryuddha ramavAyariva / 6-107-para (bImAM nathI) A adbhuta zloka ekavAra sAMbhaLyA pachI bhUlI na zakAya. A mahAbhAratamAM pharI A rIte dekho de che. dasakandhara rAjasUnvostathA yuddhamabhUnmahat / bAvyopamanyatra tayoreva tathAvat / 3-290-20 sAmagrI ane svarUpanI dRSTie A bahu ja nabaLI prastuti che. ane tenA parathI ja pahelI najare ja, A anukaraNa che ema jaNAI Ave che. vistArathI nirUpaNa karatA graMthanuM rAkhopAkhyAna utAvaLe karelI prastuti che. A vAta e hakIkata parathI paNa phalita thAya che ke te je prasaMgane eka ke thoDA zabdomAM raju kare che te rAmAyaNamAM savistAra nirUpavAmAM Avyo che. ane rAmAyaNanA jJAna sivAya te aspaSTa paNa rahe che. udAharaNarUpe rAmAyaNamAM 6-84-86mAM kahevAmAM AvyuM che ke, jo Indrajita nikasmilA yajJa pAra pADe to, pachI te ajeya bane che. eTale vibhISaNa lakSmaNane Indrajite yajJamAM havi arpaNa karatAM rokavAnI salAha Ape che. A sarva mahAbhAratamAM 3-289-17mAM eka ja zabdamAM kahevAmAM AvyuM che. akRtAhnikamevainaM jighAMsurjitakAzinam / zarairjaghAna saMkruddhaM kRtasaMjJotha lakSmaNaH / / ApaNe RtasaMzo zabdanuM arthagAMbhIrya rAmAyaNanA 6-87-3ra vAMcIe to ja samajI zakIe. rAvaNAtmajamAcaSTe lakSmaNAya vibhISaNaH / yaH sa vAsavanirjetA rAvaNasyAtmasaMbhavaH / / sa paNa rathamA thAya hanUmAM niyati | vagere A noMdha paNa mahAbhAratanA 3-282-69-71 sAthe saMvAdI che.

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harmana yAkobI 69 pratyayArthaM kathAM cemAM kathayAmAsa jAnakI / kSiptAM iSIkAM kAkAya citrakUTe mahAgirau / bhavatA puruSavyAghra pratyabhijJAnakAraNAt // grAhayitvAhamAtmAnaM tato dagdhvA ca tAM purIm / samprAptA iti taM rAmaH priyavAdinamArcayat / / uzruMkhala kAgaDo ane nagara dahanano ullekha je rAmAyaNa sAthe (5-38-67, 41-56) paricita na hoya te zrotAothI samajI na zakAya. paNa kavi dekhItI rIte rAmAyaNa vizenuM sAmAnya jJAna ahIM ane bIje paNa dAkhave che. udAharaNa rUpe jayAre te 284-21mAM vArtAnA suvenI samIpatAmAM suvela nadI, vana ke parvata che te spaSTa karyA sivAya vArtA sAthenA saMbaMdhanI pahelAM ke pachI ullekha thato nathI.) ene koI spaSTa ullekhanI AvazyakatA hatI paNa nahIM kAraNa ke rAmAyaNamAMthI sau koI jANatA. upara kahyuM tema, rAmAyaNathI rAmopAkhyAnamAM parivartano samajAvatAM, ApaNe e abhiprAya sAthe AraMbha karavo paDaze ke, yuvAna kavie sAra nathI Apyo paNa lokapriya mahAkAvyanuM mukta anukaraNa karyuM che ane te paNa smRtimAM sacavAyelI hakIkatone AdhAre ane nahIM ke lekhita pAThanA AdyarUpane anusarI. paristhiti parivartana ane rUpAMtara mATe bahu ja anukULa che. A rIte rAmAyaNa 6-67mAM rAma potAnAM daivI bANothI kumbhakarNanA hAtha-paga ane chevaTe mastaka kApI nAkhe che. rAmopAkhyAnamAM 289-21mAM lakSmaNa A rIte indrajitane haNe che. rAmAyaNa 6107-53mAM rAma jevuM rAvaNanuM mastaka kApe che ke, tenI jagyAe navuM mastaka Uge che ane Ama so vakhata bane che. Avo ja camatkAra rAmopAkhyAna 287-16mAM kumbhakarNanAM aMgo jene lakSmaNa kApI nAkhe che vize bane che. rAmAyaNamAM Indrajit 6-44 thI 46, 73, 80 thI 90mAM ema traNa vAra yuddha karavA Ave che. rAmopAkhyAnamAM kevaLa eka vAra, ane ahIM paNa pahelA ane chellA khaMDone joDI devAmAM AvyA che. aMgadanI 288-15mAMnI pravRtti 6-44mAMthI che. Indrajita 288-1pamAM nagaramAM pAcho Ave che. te, rAmAyaNanA 6-46 athavA 73 pramANe che, ane IndrajitanI pachInI 28917nI kUca 6-86 pramANe che. ahIMyA e zaMkA udbhavI zake ke zuM ApaNA kavi rAmAyaNanI koI prAcIna vAcanAne anusare che jemAM Indrajitu kevaLa eka vAra Ave che. athavA paraspara meLa na khAtI ja bhinna vAcanAonI kathAone ekamAM rAmapAkhyAnamAM joDI devAmAM AvI che.

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rAmAyaNa chellI vAta vadhu saMbhavita mane jaNAya che. kAraNa ke ApaNe pahelAM joyuM che tema temAM pachInA moTA bhAganA prakSipta aMzonI mAhitI chatI thAya che. jo camatkArika AyudhamAMthI chUTakAro ane adbhuta auSadhi dvArA rogamukti jo bene badale eka ja vAra thatI hoya to, raghuvaMza 12-76 thI 79mAMnI kathAnI jema rAmopAkhyAna samAna che-mULa kathAno anuvAda mAnavAnI jarUra nathI. paNa vigatomAM bhinnatA hovA chatAM, rAmAyaNanI pUrvadhAraNA to bane ja che. anya ghaNAM parivartana mATe kavinI kalpanAne ApaNe javAbadAra lekhavI joIe. ethIya vadhu nakasAnakAraka to, ApaNe e dhAravuM joIe ke bhAratIyo potAnA jAtaanubhavone kalpanAthI zaNagAryA sivAya rahI zakatA nathI. AvI ghaTanA to nyAyAlayamAM paNa bane che jenA vize mane ekavAra sara klAIva beIlee jaNAveluM : nyAyadhIzo A vilakSaNatA sAme sAvadhAnI rAkhe che kAraNa ke, te purAvAnI kharAba rasama che. have, jo rAmopAkhyAna rAmAyaNanI pUrvadhAraNA rAkhatuM hoya ane, te paNa sImAM sacavAelA rAmAyaNanI to e pUchavuM joIe ke jo rAmAyaNa sArvatrika jANItuM hatuM to rAmopAkhyAnanI racanA ja zA mATe karavAmAM AvI ? uttara svayaMspaSTa e che ke mahAbhAratane eka vizvakoza banAvavo abhimata hato, jemAM sarva kathAo ane bIjI rasaprada mAhitI paNa samAvavAmAM AvI hoya.15 eTale rAmakathA ahIM anupasthita to rahe ja nahIM. mahAbhAratamAM te ja rIte eno samAveza karavAmAM Avyo je rIte, ghaNI bIjI badhI kathAo paNa umeravAmAM AvI hatI. hetu vadhAre sArI rIte sadhAya e mATe, tene pharIthI DhALavAmAM AvI. rAmAyaNa ane rAmopAkhyAnano saMbaMdha ApaNane, A punagraMthanathI anya kathAone je sahana karavuM paDyuM haze tenI aTakaLa karavA prere che. nalanI kathA AnuM udAharaNa che. sAmagrInI rIte je rUpamAM nalakathA game teTalI AkarSaka hoya paNa je rUpamAM vyAvasAyika kavie DhALyuM che te jarA paNa saMtoSajanaka nathI. chAMdasa ke vaidika triSTram ane jagatI chaMdamAM racAyelA susaMbaddha bahu ja alpa khaMDo ja pachInI punarracanAthI mukta rahyA che. ane temAMnA vadhu moTA bhAganA parivartanothI para rahyA che. mahAbhArata samApane pahoMcyuM enA ghaNA samaya pahelAM rAmAyaNa jANItuM hatuM e jo siddha hakIkata hoya to, e prazna UThe che ke, vadhAre prAcIna mahAkAvya pachInA mahAkAvya. para kevIka asara choDI che. A bAbatamAM keTalIka hakIkato ApaNI sAme Ave che. banne kAvyomAM ApaNe eka ja bhASA, eka ja zailI ane eka ja chaMda joIe chIe. eka ja bhASA, sImAM to kharI ja, je rIte bolIMgsa potAnA graMthamAM pR-31 para darzAve che. eka ja zailI ane alpa bheda sivAya rajUAtanI paddhati je tatkAlIna kavionI

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harmana yAkobI 71 zaktimattAmAM pragaTa thAya che. mahAbhAratamAM dhyAnapAtra bheda e che ke saMbodhana savAra ke 3]: jevA zabdothI rajU thAya che jayAre rAmAyaNamAM te kathAno bhAga banIne Ave che. mahAkAvyanI kavitA jyAM phUlI phAlI te kAbUlathI baMgALanA pradezamAM eka bIjuM paNa noMdhapAtra maLatApaNuM che. mULamAM te pramANe hatuM nahIM. mahAbhAratanA je TUkaDAo ArSa chaMdo ke vaidika chaMda triSTram ke jagatImAM racAyA che te nirNayAtmaka rIte, rajUAtane lAge vaLage che tyAM sudhI graMthanA moTAbhAga karatAM vadhu prAcIna che. temAM, kathA ne aMkoDA vagaranI truTaka ane TUkaDAonAM lakSaNa dharAve che. ApaNe A khaMDone, prAcIna mahAkAvyanA pratinidhirUpa avazeSo gaNI zakIe. paNa sArUpya ane nirUpaNanA vaizadyathI graMthanA moTA bhAgathI zailI judI paDe che. A utkRSTatA kharekhara to navasarjana che ane siddhi che. ane teno yaza ucca koTinI bakSisa dharAvatA prasthApita kavine Apavo ghaTe, ke jenA graMthe sarvanAM hRdaya jitI lIdhAM che. huM e atyaMta saMbhavita mAnuM chuM ke A prabhAva vAlmIkino che. temano graMtha paNa sAthe sAthe hato. ane mahAbhArata hovA chatAM paraMparA temane vivi athavA to prathama kavinuM gaurava Ape che. bhASAnI ane abhivyaktinI ekarUpatA jo pramukhakavinI nirNAyaka asaranuM pariNAma hoya to mahAkAvyanI padyabaddhatA parathI paNa ApaNe e ja nirNaya para AvI zakIe. e Azcaryajanaka che ke, je siddhAnto mahAkAvyanA zlokanuM niyamana kare che te praziSTa kavi mATe paNa yathArthatA dharAve che. paNa te ja chaMda mokaLAzathI brAhmaNo ane upaniSadomAM prayojAya che. ane chatAM, e ja samaye vaidika anuSTramAMthI niyamita zlokano e saMdhikALa paNa che. prAcIna kALanA mahAkAvya mATeno ucita chaMda triSTram ane jagatI jaNAya che. A AkhyAnaka evA enA prAcIna nAma parathI paNa jANI zakAya che. AgaLa jaNAvyuM tema mahAbhAratamAM A chaMdamAM ghaNA ArSa khaMDo che, je vedanI najIka che. koI svAbhAvika rIte pUchI zake ke jo e vakhata te mahAkAvyano chaMda hoya te pachInA samayamAM "AkhyAnaka kema Takyo nathI ! chaMdano je kaMI amAro thoDo ghaNo abhyAsa che tenA AdhAre, A pramANe saraLatAthI javAba ApI zakAya. te eTalA mATe TakI na zakyo kAraNa ke vaidika triSTram chaMde ghaNAM rUpo dhAraNa karyA jaNAya che, ane je pachInA samayamAM upajAti7, zAlinI, vAtormi ane bIjA chaMdomAM pariNamyA hoya. jeTalo vadhAre vikAsa thayo teTalAM te ja chaMdanAM vividha svarUpo, svecchAe vividha prakAronI avejImAM AvyAH satata badalAtA svarUponI vividhatAnI jagyAe, kAlAntare mizra prakAranAM paDyo hayAtImAM AvyAM jemAM dareka pAda sarakhA akSaronA hoya paNa, vividha prakAranuM anukUlana sAdhyuM hoya. e saraLatAthI samajI zakAya evuM che. ane chaMdanI utkrAntino itihAsa anumodana paNa Ape che ke AkhyAnakamAM A prakAromAMthI dareka bIjA sAthe saMmazrita che, ane eka akhaMDa susaMvAdI zuddha ekama tarIke unmIlana

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rAmAyaNa sAdhavAno AkhyAnakano prayatna haze. AkhAne AkhAM padyo eka ja prakAranI paMktiothI racAtAM. eTale, jUnA AkhyAnakane badale upajAtimAM padya AvyuM jeNe sarva vaividhyane phagAvI dIdheluM. jo ke emAM praziSTa kavioe badalAmAM na svIkArelI 13 ane 14 akSaronI paMktione na gaNIe to mahAbhAratamAM upajAti ane vaMzasthamAM pachInA khaMDonuM bAhulya che paNa rAmAyaNamAM temanI saMkhyA ghaNI ochI che. A hakIkata AvA khaMDo pachIthI thayelAM umeraNo che evI zaMkAne nyAyI TharAve che. vinimaya mATe A chaMda atyaMta anukULa hato paNa tenI custa ekavAkyatAne kAraNe, mahAkAvyanA chaMda mATe te yogya na hato. bhAratamAM tenA upayogane kAraNe jo eka ja chaMdano temAM prayoga karavAmAM Ave to daLadAra mahAkAvyo asahyapaNe ekavidha banI gayAM hota. * vaidika maMtranuM gaNanApAtra ekavidhatAbharyA anuSTrabhumAMthI brAhmaNa ane upaniSadomAM mahattara vaividhya utkrAnta thayuM. A utkrAntioe keTalIkavAra pratIpa mArga paNa grahaNa karyo. mahAkAvyanA zlokamAM niyata niyamone kAraNe mukti ruMdhAI gayelI jaNAya che, ane chatAM temAM ghaNA guNo che. dareka caraNanA pahelA ane chellA akSarone ApaNe gaNatarImAM na laIe to paNa, samAna caraNo pAMca prakAranAM rUpa darzAve che. paththAnAM viSama caraNo 6 prakAra darzAve che, vipulAnAM sarva caraNo 8 rUpa darzAve che, A rIte arthe zloka (nAnAmAM nAno chAMdIya ekama) 645845=00 rUpo dharAve che. pahelA ane chellA akSaro dviguNita thaIne AvatA hovAthI jo, te vaividhya gaNIe to, kula 4470=280 rUpAMtaro thAya. vaiyaktika vaividhyamAM bheda eTalo badho nathI ke tenuM sarvasAmAnya lakSaNa bhUMsAI jAya ane teNe ghaNA vaividhyane rUMdhI dIdhuM. Ane kAraNe custa nizcita prakAro paNa vikasI zakyA. vipulAnA parivartita prakAroe ghaNuM vaheluM dekho dIdhelo paNa pachI teo baMdha eTalA mATe thaI gayA ke vipulAnAM caraNa ekavidha rIte samacaraNo sAthe joDAya che ke, pariNAme te, alaga ja ekama banI jAya che ane, tethI parivartita aMga pracalita banI zakatuM nathI.' paththAnA varNanamAM aMzataH AvanArA zlokanA niyamono bhAratIyoe saiddhAttika rIte svIkAra karyo che ane teo niyama tarIke udghoSita thayA che. vipulAnA niyamone kavi custapaNe jALave che ane temanA mATe niyata niyamo na hovA chatAM mahAkAvyanA vAraMvAranA vAcanathI, aMtaH preraNAthI dareka jaNa zikhI letuM hoya che. ApaNe prAcIna samaya mATe paNa AvI paristhiti dhArI zakIe chIe. saMbhavataH koIka mahattvanA kavie A dhoraNa dAkhala karyuM ane, mahAkAvya-kALanA kavio tene anusaryA. rAmAyaNa ane mahAbhArata vacce zlokanA baMdhAraNa aMge pUrepUrI sahamati che. vAlmIki kadAca prasthAnakartA

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harmana yAkobI kavi hatA. ApaNe bIjA koI evA kavine jANatA nathI ke, je vAlmIkinA purogAmI hoya ane chatAM Avo yaza prApta karyo hoya. A mAnyatA paraMparA sAthe paNa pUrepUrI saMvAditA dharAve che. rAmAyaNanA pahelA kAMDano bIjo sarga e varNave che ke, kevI rIte vAlmIkie akasmAte zlokane zodhI kADhyo ane brahmA chaMdamAM rAmano itihAsa lakhavAnuM kAma vAlmIkine kevI rIte sope che. jo A daMtakathAnI jarA paNa satyatA hoya to evuM jaNAya che ke vAlmIkinA kAvyamAM sau prathama vAra mahAkAvyano zloka potAnA niyamita svarUpamAM pragaTa thAya che. paraMparA sAthe susaMvAdI A uparyukta carcAmAM ApaNe evo mata sthApavAno prayatna karyo ke rAmAyaNa ja sau prathama susaMbaddha ane suAyojita graMtha hato ke jeNe Avo yuga pravartaka prabhAva pAtharyo. A kArya vAlmIkie potAnI vANIthI siddha karyuM. vaLI je upaskRta chaMda vAlmIkie dAkhala karyo tene paNa AraMbhathI ja vaizvika pratisAda sAMpaDyo. ane enA ja anusaMdhAnamAM ApaNe evuM paNa AgaLa dhArI zakIe ke mahAkAvyanA gAyakoe navI ane sArI rucine saMtoSavA mATe potAnAM jUnAM kAvyone navI padyaracanAnA rUpa pramANe punagraMthita karyA ane tyAre vAlmIkinA zloka-chaMdamAMnI kathAone sArvatrika rIte punagraMthita karI ane vAlmIkinuM rAmAyaNa satata pracArathI lokapriya banyuM. ane jo A mata yathArtha hoya ane ame mAnIe chIe ke, A hakIkatathI ThIka ThIka samarthita bane che. A eka aspaSTa bindu che je mahAbhAratanI utkrAnti dvArA spaSTa bane che. 1846mAM e hoTjhamene kyAranuM pratipAdita kareluM ane tenA te ja nAmanA bhatrIjAe hamaNAM ja kIelamAM 1892mAM prakAzita thayelA graMthamAM (Zur Geschichte and Kritik des Mahabharata)19 AnuM savistara nirUpaNa karyuM che. je pATha ApaNI sAme che te nirNayAtmaka ane spaSTa rIte pANDavono pakSa le che. paNa mULamAM kauravo kathAomAM vadhu udAtta che. kauravo vize kaDaka zabdomAM jUja apavAdo sivAya nindA karavAmAM AvI che. paNa temanAM kAryo satata udAtta che jyAre sajjana pAMDavo eka pachI eka duSTatA AcaratA jAya che ane chatAM, atyaMta sabhya kAraNothI sarva saMbhavita rIte nyAyI TharAvavAmAM Ave che. mULa AyojanamAM A parivartana kevI rIte AvyuM? evuM vicArI zakAya ke kRSNanA daivIkaraNe pAMDavo mATe sahAnubhUti prerI hoya. ulaTuM ema paNa dalIla karI zakAya ke kRSNa devanI kakSAe pahoMcyA tenA ghaNA samaya pahelAM parivartita abhigame dekhA dIdhI hatI. kRSNabhakti-saMpradAya nirNayAtmaka tabakke pahoMcyo hoya to paNa saMbhavataH tene sArvatrika AvakAra maLyo nahIM ane pariNAme, temanA paratvenA sAdaranA kAraNe samasta kathA badalavAmAM AvI ane navI vyavasthAmAM DhALavAmAM AvI. paNa AvI dhAraNAnI

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74 rAmAyaNa AvazyakatA eTalA mATe nathI ke, sarvasaMmatithI mahAbhAratane eka cokkasa yojanA pramANe DhALavAmAM AvyuM hatuM. paNa Avo nirNaya kevI rIte thaI zake ane tene amalamAM kevI rIte mUkI zakAya? doSano Topalo duSTa brAhmaNone mAthe DhoLI nahIM zakAya kAraNake teonuM maMDaLa koI padanI uccavacatA sivAya sahagnazISa hatuM. teo avayavo to hatA nahIM ke jenI racanA thaI zake, jemanA vize nirNaya thaI zake aneka kAryamAM jenI pariNati thAya tevI yojanAo banAvI zakAya. ane AnA vagara to koI paNa kArya mATenI UrjAnI kalpanA to karI ja na zakIe ne pariNAmono pUrato vicAra karyA vagara, mahAkAvyanuM punargaThana sIdhIsAdI rIte thayuM haze. ati pratibhAzALI kavie racelA vadhu vidagdha ane susaMvAdI kAvyanA parizIlanathI. lokonI ruci vadhu saMskArAelI banI tyAre A jarUriyAtanI bAbata banI ane pUrvanA mahAkAvyanAM gIto pratye dveSa dharAvanAruM banyuM. punagraMthanathI lokonI rucimAM DhaLAyeluM te banyuM ane tethI saMpUrNapaNe kAlagrasta thayuM nahIM. A punarcathanamAM ApaNane eka vizeSa samaya ane sthaLano sUra saMbhaLAya che. jayAM, AvuM punarabhimukhIkaraNa banyuM hatuM ane jo te evI bhUmimAM banyuM hoya ke je pAMDavo pratye vadhu sahAnubhUti dharAvanArI hoya ane jeo mitratAno saMbaMdha dharAvatA hoya ane temanI sAthe joDANa karyuM hoya, to te taddana svAbhAvika che ane, vadhAre niyaMtraNa vagara samajI zakAya evI bAbata che ke, punargathita mahAbhAratamAM pAMDavo eka vizeSa adhikAra dharAvanArA, jano haze.eTale, jo ApaNe ema kahIe ke, mahAbhAratanuM punargathana evA pradezamAM thayuM ke jyAM kauravonI sarakhAmaNImAM pAMDavone pasaMda karavAmAM AvatA te vicitra nahIM gaNAya. prAcIna bhAratanI bhaugolika paristhitino vicAra Ama banavuM svAbhAvika ane anivArya che ema darzAvaze. kozalanI pazcime rAmAyaNa udbhavyuM ane pAMcAlano deza paDozI rAjaya hatuM. A sthaLanA rAjavaMzamAMthI draupadI AvI je pAMDunA pAMca putronI sahiyArI hatI. pahelA ja avasare rAmAyaNa A pradezamAM prasaryuM haze ane potAnAM mULa UMDAM nAkhyAM haze, ane pachI dUranA pazcimamAM rAjakumAro jyAM rahetA hatA tyAM pahocyuM ane, mahAkAvyanI paraMparA sAthe susaMgata rIte, A pradeza kuruonI tarapheNamAM hato. vaLI e paNa svAbhAvika che ke vAlmIkinI kavitAne prazaMsA ane anukaraNa pAMcAla pradezamAM sau prathama ane pachI pazcimanA prAntomAM prApta thayAM. pariNAma e AvyuM ke mahAkAvyanAM gItone navI paddhatithI DhALavAmAM AvyAM jemAM pAMDavonA hitanI taraphadArI karI. AvuM ghaTavA mATe bahu dIrgha samaya jarUrI hatuM evuM mAnavuM Avazyaka nathI kAraNa ke anya prajAnA sAhityanA itihAso evAM ghaNAM paricita udAharaNo darzAve che ke kevI rIte eka pramukha kavi zIgha krAMti karI zake che. te evA joma sAthe kAma kare che ke bahu ja alpa kALamAM paNa taddana na vicArI zakAya tevI rIte nahIM evI sarvasAmAnya rItamAM bhaMgANa pADe che.

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harmana yAkobI 75 eTale, ApaNe kalpI zakIe chIe ke vAlmIkinI zailInuM zIdhra anukaraNa thavA mAMDyuM ane tethI prAcIna kathAne navA AkAramAM DhALavA mATe lAMbo samaya Avazyaka na hato. rAmAyaNanI mahAbhArata paranI asara vize mAro mata saMkSepamAM nIcenA muddAo para AdhArita che. 1. atyAranA AkAramAM rAmAyaNa mahAbhArata karatAM vadhu prAcIna che. 2. jo te Adi kAvya na hoya to paNa sarva susaMvAdI ane kRtrima kavitAnuM pUrvaja to hatuM ane, A prakAranA sarva kAvyane e atikramI gayuM ane tene jhAMkhuM pADI dIdhuM. 3. nirUpaNa, bhASA ane chaMda vizenI kavitAnI tadabIrane vAlmIkie pUrNatAe pahoMcADI ane pachInA samayanA mahAkAvya mATeno eka mApadaMDa banI rahI. 4. vAlmIkie prastuta karelI uccatara kAvyanI zailInI paristhitioe, mahAbhAratanI kathAnAM viSayavastu dharAvatAM mahAkAvyanAM gItone punargathita karyA. 5. A pAMDavono Adara karanArA pAMcAlonI bhUmimAM banyuM ane rAmAyaNanI udgamabhUmi evA kozalavAsIonA paDozamAM hatuM. pro. vebara rAmAyaNa paranA temanA graMthamAM dazaratha jAtakanI carcAne prAdhAnya Ape che je temanA mata pramANe rAma-kathAnuM prAcIna svarUpa che. kAvyAtmaka alaMkaraNa vagaranI te A kathAnA jevI ja che. banArasanA rAjA dazarathane tenI patnIthI rAmapaMDita, lakhaNa (kumAra athavA paMDita) ane sItAdevI ema traNa saMtAno hatAM. tenI patnInA mRtyu pachI teNe pharIthI lagna karyuM jeNe bharatakumAra nAmanA putrane janma Apyo. putrajanmanA AnaMdamAM teNe rANIne eka varadAna ApyuM. sAta ke ATha varSa pachI, potAnA putrane gAdI maLe te mATe teNe vidhi karI. rAjAe jIdapUrvaka nA pADI paNa, potAnI kAvatarAkhora patnIthI DarI, pahelI patnInAM bALakone vanamAM cAlyA javAnuM kahyuM ane, bAra varSa pachI (jayotiSI pramANe jIvananuM zeSa AyuSya) pAchA AvavAnuM kahyuM. potAnI bahena sAthe banne rAjakumAro himAlaya gayA. nava varSa pachI dazarathanuM maraNa thayuM. vidhavA rANI potAnA putra bharatane rAja gAdIe besADavAno niSphaLa prayatna kare che. bharata rAmane pAchA laI AvavA jAya che. paNa rAma nakAratAM kahe che ke, teNe bAkInAM traNa varSa vanamAM

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rAmAyaNa rahevuM ja joIe. paNa te bhAratane potAnI pAdukAo Ape che jenA dvArA potAnI anupasthitimAM zAsana thaI zake. traNa varSa pUrAM thAya tyAM sudhI rAma ekalA vanamAM rahe che. mudata purI thayA pachI, te pAchA Ave che ane sItAdevI sAthe lagna kare che. huM, vAlmIkinA rAmAyaNa karatAM A kathAne prAcIna mAnato nathI. paNa ethI UlaTuM te vikRti che. ahIMyA zatrughna nathI paNa dazarathanAM bALakonI saMkhyA to teTalI ja eTale ke sItAdevIne dazarathanI putrI banAvI hovAthI cAra ja rahe che. AraMbhathI ja ane nahIM ke, vanavAsa pachI te rAmanI patnI hatI. kAraNa ke sItAnA nAma AgaLa devI evuM biruda umeravAmAM AvyuM che. vaLI, bauddha kathAmAM, varadAnanI vAta binajarUrI che kAraNa ke dazaratha potAnA putrane ATalA mATe vanamAM nathI javA detA paNa, rANInA kAvatarAno Dara che. ApaNe eTalA mATe, dhAravuM joIe ke, jAtakakathAnA kathaka AgaLa e vArtA rahI che, jemAM rAma ja rAjagAdInA hakadAra hatA ane varadAnane kAraNe rAmane vanavAsa thayelo. vaLI te paNa dhyAna para AvavuM joIe ke vArtAmAM rAmano vanavAsano gALo game teTalo asaMgata lAgato hoya paNa te bharatanA AgamanathI prerita hato. saMjogonA dabANane vaza thaI rAme bAra varSa sudhI potAnA vatananA nagaramAM parata nahIM AvavAnuM vacana ApyuM haze. ane chevaTe pAdukAnI vArtA paNa keTalI asaMgata che, jayAre, kAyadesarano zAsaka kevaLa traNa varSa mATe ja gerahAjara rahevAno che. ethI UlaTuM, rAmAyaNanI vArtA keTalI nyAya ane asarakAraka Thare che. A vArtA pramANe bhArate tarata ja rAmanI zodhamAM nIkaLavAnuM che, nava varSa pachIthI nahIM, ane rAme pUrAM 14 varSa vanavAsa veThavAno che. jAtakanI AMtarika visaMgatio ja darzAve che ke, tenI vArtA rAma-kathA para AdhArita che, ane je, ghaNAM biMduoe rAmAyaNa sAthe maLatI Ave che te pahelI najare ja vartAI Ave che. bhinna saMpradAyanI vyakti potAnA saMpradAyanA samarthanamAM eka prAcIna kathAno upayoga kare che tyAre, te potAnI kathAne pariNAme tene aparivartita rAkhato nathI. potAnI kathA mULathI bhinna che paNa taddana alaga nathI. jAtakanA kathake AvuM svaicchika parivartana karyuM haze. te (kathaka) mAtAnI kAvatarAkhorI sAme pitAnI sAvadhAnI saMtAnonA vanavAsanuM kAraNa che ema darzAve che. anya bauddha vArtAomAM paNa A ja Azaya pharIthI dekhA de che, jemAM be vize vebare ullekha karyo che. jAtakanA racayitA potAnI kapolakalpita ghaTakane eka vAra ja nahIM paNa potAnA hetu mATe susthApita vArtAno upayoga karI zakyo. apUrNatAmAMthI athavA to A vizeSatA atyaMta dekhItI hovAthI potAnA mULabhUta Azayane dabAvI dIdho nathI. e Azaya kaikeyInuM varadAna che. jo ke, AnuM vArtAmAM koI

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harmana yAkobI prayojana nathI. pahelA parivartane bIjAne Avazyaka banAvyuM. A dvArA kathAkAre dekhItI rIte badhuM zakya banAvavAno prayatna karyo che. bharatanA janma pachI sAta ATha varSa moTA bhAMDuo vanamAM jAya che. jo ke jyotiSIoe bAra varSane aMte dazarathanuM mRtyu bhAkhyuM che, paNa dazaratha nava varSa pachI maraNa pAme che. (adhikRta vArtAo ane kathAomAM bhaviSyavettAo kadI bhUla karatA hotA nathI) A rIte bharata 16 ke 17 varSanI UMmarano che, je zAsana karavA mATenI yogya uMmara che. paNa ahIM tArIkho vize vidhAna karavAno hetu spaSTa che. A sarva aMgo e dvitIya kakSAnI racanA hovAnI chApa UbhI kare che. rAmakathAnA prathama bhAga pUratI jAtaka maryAdita rahI hovAthI, tene prAcIna mAnavI ke kema tenA vize zaMkA thaI zake, paNa saMbhavataH enuM kAraNa e che ke rAmakathA mULamAM eka akhaMDa hovAne badale, be mULa bhAgone ekatra karI banAvI che. pahelo bhAga dazarathanA mukhya pAtra sAthe ayodhyAnA banAvovALo che. ane bIjo bhAge rAmanA diMDakAraNyamAM parAkramo temaja rAvaNa parano vijaya che. pahelA bhAgano AdhAra ikvAku rAjakumAranI kautukabharI ghaTanAo che. ane bIjo bhAga purAkathAonuM varNana kare che. jenuM ApaNe AgaLa nirUpaNa karIzuM. vebarano evo mata che ke, jayAre dazaratha jAtakano uddagama thayo tyAre bIjo bhAga hayAtImAM na hato. paNa ethI ulaTuM mane evI pratIti che ke jAtakanA kathake bIjA bhAganI eTalA mATe, noMdha na lIdhI ke teno hetu rAmane eka pavitra bauddha sAdhu rUpera cItaravAno hato ane A hetune rAmakathAno yuddho ane lohiyALa dazyo pracura mAtrAmAM dharAvato bIjo bhAga jarA paNa anukuLa na hato. paNa jAtakamAM e hakIkatano spaSTa nirdeza che ke, jAtakanA kathaka bIjA bhAgathI suparicita hatA. jAtakamAM, eno spaSTa nirdeza maLe che. vAlmIkine rAmAyaNa rAmanA sItA sAthenA milanathI aMta pAme che. paNa kathAnI AvazyakatA anusAra, Ane badale, jAtakamAM A bannenuM lagna thAya che. AraMbhamAM jAtaka sItAne rAmanI patnI banatAM aTakAve che. paNa tenuM sItAdevI nAma sUcave che ke te rANI-rAmanI patnI kyAranI che. jAtaka vanavAsa daramyAnathI je bhUmikA bhajavI te ja bhejavavA mATenI taka pUrI pADe che. paNa bauddha racanAkAre tene rAmanI bhaginI tarIke prastuta karI. paNa AcAranA sAmAnya niyama anusAra bhAI sAthe bahenanuM lagna thaI zake nahIM. paNa bauddho AnI chUTa Ape che. zAkya ane koliya parivAronA udgamanI daMtakathAoe eka umadA udAharaNa pUruM pADyuM. A daMtakathAmAM bhAIo ane bahenonAM lagna parivAronA bhayajanaka avapatanane TALavA mATe dAkhala karavAmAM AvyAM che. paNa jAtakakathA rAma-paMDita ane tenI bahena sItAdevI sAthenA lagna mATenuM eka nAnuM sarakhuM paNa kAraNa ApatI nathI paNa dekhItI rIte jAtakanA AraMbhathI banne pati-patnI tarIke ja dekhAya che, paNa kathAkAre temane bhAI-bahena tarIke prastuta karyA che.

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78 rAmAyaNa jAtakamAM evAM keTalAMka lakSaNo che je, khAsa karIne rAmAyaNanI yAda devaDAve che. A rIte jyAre rANI sirigalmamAM jAya che. tyAre, teNe AvuM zA mATe karyuM te kahevAmAM AvyuM nathI. dekhItuM che ke, rAmAyaNanA krodhAgArano ullekha thayo che ane ullekha AdhAra vagarano hoI zake nahI. (2-9-22, 10,21) taduparAMta jAtakamAM e vAta para bhAra mUkavAmAM Avyo che ke, ghaNAM jano vanavAsamAM janArA sAthe gayAM ane, bharata paNa moTA sainya sAthe Avyo. A sainya teNe najIkamAM ja rAkhyuM. rAmAyaNamAM A sarva ThIka ThIka vigato sAthe Ave che. vebare pR. 65 para noMdhyuM che ke, rAmAyaNamAM chellA sargano eka zloka jAtakamAM pAlI bhASAmAM Ave che. dakSiNa bhAratanA saMskaraNamAM (baoNmbe AvRttimAM e truTaka che.) A zloka A pramANe maLe che. dazavarSasahasrANi dazavarSazatAni ca / bhrAtRbhiH sahitaH zrImAn rAmo rAjyamakArayat // jAtakamAM zloka A pramANe che. dazavassasahassAni vassasatAni ca / kambugIvo mahAbAhU rAmo rAjjamakArayi / A zloka vArtAnI madhyamAM che ane taddana zuSka che. moTAbhAganA zlokonI jema, Ane paNa koIka prAcIna srotamAMthI UchIno lIdho haze evuM vicAravuM joIe. jAtakanI prastAvanA paurANika paMDitano ullekha kare che, je tenA srotanuM mahattvanuM sUcana kare che. have ApaNA hAthamAM rAmAyaNa che ane temAM uparyukta zloka Ave che eTale, pUrepUrI saMbhavitatA che ke te ja srota bane che, jemAMthI vArtAnA kathake potAnI pavitra daMtakathA mATe, sAmagrI meLavI haze. ApaNe bauddha jAtakamAM rAma-kathAnA prAcInatara svarUpane pArakhI zakatA nathI. eTale ApaNe e tapAsavuM joIe ke, rAmAyaNamAM bauddha asaranA koI avazeSo che ke nahIM. vebara pAMcamA pRSTha para kahe che, "chevaTe, jemAM buddhane cora mAnavAmAM Ave che, te khaMDa vize paNa aTakaLa che ke te bIjA stare prakSipta hovo joIe. vAcaka pote ja nakkI kare. rAme bhAratanI rAjagAdI svIkAravAnI vinaMti nakArI. jAbAli dalIlothI rAmane samajAvavAno prayatna kare che. A dalIlo lokAyata darzanamAMthI lIdhelI che. rAma tenA matanuM khaMDana kare che ane vacanabhaMga nahIM karavAno potAno nizcaya doharAve che. A varNana upajAti chaMdanA zlokomAM thAya che ane 5-30thI 39 sudhI A vistare che. 3) mo

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harmana yAkobI 79 zloka A pramANe che : amRSyamANaH punarugratejAH nizamya tannAstikavAkyahetum / athAbravIt taM nRpatestanUjo vigarhamANo vacanAni tasya / | viSayanuM nirUpaNa eka vAra thayA pachI, te pharIthI Ave che ane judA chaMdamAM Ave che. svataMtrapaNe A baMne paristhitio khaMDanI prAmANikatA vize zaMkA pedA kare che. paNa ekabIjAthI samarthita teo prakSipta aMzane jAhera kare che. 24 A avadhAraNAne e rIte samarthana prApta thAya che ke bIjAM saMskaraNomAM A maLatuM nathI. kAzmIranI hastapratamAM 36mo zloka 29mA pachI tarata ja Ave che ane, 38 ane 39 gerahAjara che. chatAM, bIjI rIte paNa, rAmAyaNano bauddha dharma sAthe saMbaMdha joDI zakAya. TAlboyajha hIlare potAnA History of IndiamAM evo mata rajU karyo che ke rAmanI laMkA paranI caDhAImAM, salonanA bauddha zatruo sAthenI laDAI che. ane A bauddhInuM nAma rAkSaso che. (juo vebara pR. 4) pahelA ja tabakke koI pUchI zake ke kavine silonanA bauddhono vaiSa zA mATe hoya kAraNa ke e TApu to ghaNo dUra Avelo che. tenA samayamAM jo bauddho hoya to teo tenI ghaNI nikaTa haze ane tethI sIlona jevI dUranI bhUmimAM kavine zodhavA javAnI jarUra na paDe. evuM vicAravuM na joIe ke sIlonanA bauddha dharme potAnI asara uttara bhArata sudhI prasArI hatI. jo uttara bhAratanA bauddha dharme potAno Agavo vikAsa dakSiNanI jema sAdhyo hoya to paNa banne ekabIjAthI vyavahArika rIte svataMtra hatA. vadhumAM, jo vAlmIkie sIlonanA bauddhone rAkSaso tarIke nirUpyA hoya, to, potAnA Azayane chUpAvavAmAM teo abhuta rIte saphaLa thayA. rAkSaso brAhmaNa-yajJano vidhvaMsa kare che ema varNavAtA hoya (paNa bauddho sAme Avo koI Aropa ApaNane jovA maLato nathI) to paNa teo vedothI paricita che ane yajJa kare che. e noMdhavuM joIe ke rAvaNa paNa potAnI kaThora tapasyAthI brahmA pAsethI aparAjeyatAnuM varadAna jabarajastIthI meLave che. bhAratIya kaviomAM potAnA Azayane chUpAvavAnI kaLA hotI nathI ane prasaMgopAtta jo teo rUpakagraMthino Azraya letA hoya to teo evI rIte kare che ke rUpakagraMthino artha akaLa raheto nathI. vyaktine A rIte vicAravAnI pharaja paDe che. pUrva praziSTa samayanA mahAna kavi vAlmIkie evuM te rUpakAtmaka kAvya racyuM ke, tenA gopita rahasyane 19mI sadI sudhI yuropano vidvAna zodhI nathI kADhato tyAM sudhI te akaLa ja rahyuM ! vAlmIkinI laMkA sIlonano nirdeza karatI hoya e paNa mane zaMkAspada lAge che. kavinA vAraMvAranA kathana anusAra samudranI pele pAra, trikuTa parvata upara laMkAne

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80 rAmAyaNa vizvakarmAe banAvelI che. khAsa to, vikhya parvatanI taLeTIthI athavA mahendra parvatathI, A upakhaMDa so mAIla dUra che. silonane ghaNuM ja ochuM lAgu paDe che. jo A TApu ja nagara hota to, vAstavika sIlonanI aspaSTa daMtakathA vAlmIkine kAne jarUra pahoMcI hota. kAraNa ke, prAcIna rAmAyaNane laMkA eka TApu che evo nirdeza ajANyo che. te phakta 6-8--20 (=bI 58, 2 ja)mAM Avela che. ane e uparAMta 4-111-54mAM Ave che. je bImAM nathI. ahIM dvIpa e jaMbudvIpanI jema eka khaMDa tarIke kalpavo joIe. cAra dizAonA varNanano ApaNe upara pachInA umeraNa tarIke ullekha karyo che. tyAM rAvaNanI bhUmi paNa eka TApu jaNAya che. AnA mATe ApaNe TIkAnI tulanA karI zakIe. chevaTe pachIthI umerAelA 7mA kAMDamAM paNa Ano pUrAvo che. vAlmIki mATe dekhItuM che ke, laMkA eka kAlpanika bhUmi hatI, jenA vize temane paNa cokkasa mAhitI na hatI. temanA matane bhAratIya brAhmaNo paNa anumodana Ape che. khagoLazAstrIo laMkAne viSuvavRttanI rekhA para muke che. jene pahelI UMcAmAM UMcI rekhA, je ujjayinI para kApe che. sIlonanA koI paNa khagoLazAstrIe potAnA vatanane laMkA sAthe ekarUpa mAnyuM nathI. tenA nirIkSaNe e darzAvyuM haze ke viSuvavRttane ghaNA aMze uttare ane laMkAnI uccatama rekhAnI pUrve AveluM che. hakIkatamAM to praziSTa sAhityanA yugamAM paNa laMkA siMhaladvIpathI judI hatI. dakSiNanAM sthaLo gaNAvatI vakhate varAhamihira 11mA zlokamAM laMkAno ane 15mA mAM tadana judo evo siMhaladvIpano ullekha kare che. bhavabhUtinA mahAvIracaritanA 7nA aMkanA 13/14 pramANe, puSpaka vimAnamAM ayodhyA pAchA vaLatI vakhate sau prathama to, rAmacandra sIlona paranA rohaNa parvata paranA agastanA AzramanI mulAkAta le che. samudra to pAchaLa choDI dIdho che. te ja rIte murAri paNa anardharAghavanA 7mA aMkanA 78mA zlokamAM, spaSTapaNe siMhaladvIpano ullekha kare che. te ja rIte bAla-rAmAyaNanA 10mAM aMkanA papamA zlokamAM paNa, jo ke siMhaladvIpano spaSTa ullekha nathI. e ja bAlarAmAyaNa nATakamAM setu bAMdhavA mATe vAnaro parvatonAM zikharo laI Ave che jemAM rohaNAcala paNa che, je asaMgata gaNAta jo, rAjazekhare laMkA ane salonane eka gayuM hota to. 25 sIlonanuM prAcInatama abhidhAna A brAhmaNa upayoga sAthe susaMgata che. eno artha e che ke sIlona e laMkA nathI paNa tAmraparNI che. alekjhAnDaranA samakAlInone A TApu paricita che. azoka tAmraparNI" tarIke oLakhAve che. mULamAM A nAma koIka dariyAI baMdaranagaranuM hatuM je pachIthI samasta, dvIpa mATe vaparAtuM thayuM. pachInA TolemansanA samayamAM siMhala athavA sIhala pracalita thayuM.

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harmana yAkobI ethI UlaTuM sIlonanA bauddho temanA TApune 27 laMkA kahe che. ane A nAma sau prathama (302 ane 477 e. DI. vacce racAyelA)28 dIpavaMzamAM maLe che. siMhala ane tAmraparNI nAmono saMbaMdha sIlonanA daMtakathAnA pAtra evA zAsaka vijaya sAthe joDAyelo che. teo atipracalita ane prAcInatama nAmo hoI zake. paNa laMkA eTaluM lokapriya jaNAtuM nathI ane bauddhoe kRtrima rIte ApeluM nAma jaNAya che. AvI dhAraNAne e rIte samarthana maLe che ke A nAma rAmAyaNamAMthI uchInuM lIdhuM che, kAraNa ke A nAma dakSiNa bhAratamAM bahu ja lokapriya hatuM ane tenuM viSayavastu paNa pracalitapaNe jANItuM hatuM.29 rAmAyaNamAM dakSiNa bhAratanI pratimA game teTalI anizcita hoya paNa dakSiNanA nivAsIo pavitra tIrtho para kabajo jamAvavA rAme jenI mulAkAta lIdhI che, te sthaLone ukelI zakAya che. eTale, sIlonanA nivAsIo jo evo dAvo kare ke, teo e bhUmimAM rahyA che rAmanA nivAsathI prakhyAta banI to, ethI Azcarya pAmavAnuM nathI. teoe potAnA vatana tarIke laMkAne jaNAvyuM e vAtane koI spaSTatAnI eTalA mATe jarUra nathI ke A avadhAraNA ApaNA dezanA vidvAno dvArA asaMdigdha siddhAnta tarIke svIkAravAmAM AvI hatI. huM mAnuM chuM ke, AdamanA pulane rAmanA setu sAthe ekarUpa gaNatAM, sarvane pratItikara lAgyuM che. mArI A carcA pachI paNa, jo koI laMkAne sIlonanA prAcInatama ane saMjJAvAcaka nAma tarIke svIkAravA taiyAra hoya to, e dhAravuM joIe ke, vAlmIki evA samaye thayA jayAre, tAmraparNI ane siMhaladvIpa jevAM aitihAsika nAmo haju ajANyAM hatAM. paNa brAhmaNa bhAratIyo temanAthI taddana paricita hatA. aMtamAM laMkA zabda vize noMdha karavI joIe. laMkAnI eka TApu tarIke kalpanA karavAmAM AvI che. ahIM saMjJAvAcaka nAmane vizeSaNa tarIke prayojavAmAM AvyuM che, kAraNa ke ghaNA lAMbA samaya sudhI bhASA pAse TApu mATe koI zabda hato nahIM. enuM kAraNa e ke, telaMganA kinArAo bahu ja daridra che ane, nadIomAM paNa, kevaLa nAnA nAnA TApu maLe. - bauddhonA sAmpradAyika graMthomAM, zlokano chUTathI upayoga thayo che. eTale evA tAraNa para paNa avAya ke rAmAyaNa karatAM te prAcIna che. e zlokonI racanA mATe custa niyamo hatA. paNa evI hakIkato che ke, je AvA tAraNathI viparIta che. paheluM to pachInAM, saMskRta kAvyomAM, svarUpanI saMpUrNatA mATe eTalo Agraha nathI, u. dA. hemacandranuM pariziSTa parva. khAsa karIne, vaijJAnika graMthomAM zlokanA baMdhAraNanA custa niyamonuM pAlana karavAmAM AvatuM na hatuM. bIjuM, sAhityanI bhASA tarIke pAlIno

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rAmAyaNa upayoga karavo e eka navIna sAhasa hatuM. kavione tenI lavacIkatA mATe dekhItI rIte saMgharSa karavo paDyo hato. eTale, chaMdanA vadhu custa niyamonI temaNe avagaNanA karI haze. trIjuM pAlInI racanAo sArI rIte sacavAI nathI. ApaNAM saMpAdanomAMnI ghaNI chaMdaviSayaka bhUlone sahelAIthI sudhArI zakAya. prakAzita kRtio darzAve che ke vipulA padyanAM pachInAM aMgo temanAmAM sacavAyAM che. zlokanA nirUpaNa karatAM paNa vadhu mahattvanI hakIkata e che ke prakAzita sAhityamAM AryA chaMda vAparavAmAM Avyo che. paNa pachInAM mahAkAvyo sudhI te lokapriya chaMda jaNAyo nathI. have ApaNe e tapAsavuM joIe ke, rAmAyaNa para koI grIka asara pArakhI zakAya che ke kema. sau prathama to, evuM jovAmAM AvyuM che ke, pahelA kAMDanA 54mA sargamAM yavana pallava, zaka, tuSAra vagereno ullekha Ave che. paNa pRSTha pAMca para e kyAranuM darzAvyuM che ke, pahelo kAMDa vAlmIkinI racanAmAM pachInuM umeraNa che ane, vizvAmitra-prasaMga pahelA kAMDamAM joDI devAmAM Avyo che. eTale, vizvAmitra-prasaMgamAM yavana zabdanA ullekha parathI ApaNe pahelA kAMDa ke rAmAyaNanA racanAkALa vize koI tAraNa para AvI zakIe nahI. bIjuM A ullekha pAmelI jAtiono cothA kAMDanA cAra lokanA varNananA saMdarbhamAM thayo che. (juo vebara, rAmAyaNa, pR. 24) paNa AgaLa ApaNe evI dalIlo rajU karI che ke A khaMDa mULa kAvyane ajANyo hato. yavananA A ullekho sarva saMskaraNomAM Ave che. ane, tethI evuM phalita thAya che ke, jyAre grIko bhAratIyonA saMparkamAM AvyA tyAre rAmAyaNa graMtha haju sthira thayo na hato. vebaranuM nirIkSaNa che te pramANe grIka rAzi ane janmAkSaranA ullekha parathI tavArIkhanI koI sAmagrI meLavI zakAze nahI. A kevaLa saMskaraNa sImAM Ave che. teonuM kathana che, e mata satyathI bahu dUra nathI ke, janmAkSaranI AvI prastuti utsAhI jayotiSIonuM bIjI kakSAnuM kArya hatuM. teo AvA mahattvanA banAva aMge bahu ja pAMkhI mAhitI ApavA icchatA hatA. - rAmAyaNanA racanAkALanI samasyAnA samAdhAnanI bAbatamAM e khUba ja mahattvanuM hatuM. vebarano mata e hato ke, laMkA paranI caDAInuM mULa prArUpa helananuM apaharaNa ane Troya paranI caDhAI hatI. vebarano A mata jo yathArtha hota to, rAmAyaNanA racanA kALanI samasyAnA samAdhAnanI bAbatamAM khUba ja mahattvanuM hatuM. paNa ApaNe banne prasaMgo vizenA AzayanI samAnatA e noMdhavAnI che ke, sItAnuM ahIM baLajabarIthI apaharaNa thayuM che,

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harmana yAkobI 83 jyAre helananA apaharaNamAM tenI saMmati hatI ane laMkA ane Troya paratvenA yuddhamAM paNa samAnatA che. paNa A samAnatA tyAM ja pUrI thAya che jevA ApaNe vigatomAM jaIe chIe. AzayanA kathA ghaTakane UchInA levAno vicAra mane to eTalA mATe binajarUrI lAge che ke prAcIna samayamAM, ane nA, atyAranA samayamAM paNa strInuM apaharaNa e pracalita rivAja che. ane keTalAka sabhya lokomAM e svIkRta lagna prakAra che. ane Ane kAraNe ghaNIvAra lohiyALa jhaghaDA paNa thAya che. udAharaNa tarIke ApaNe sAbIna strIonuM apaharaNa ane hIroDoTanA prathama sargane laI zakIe jyAM rASTro vaccenI zatrutA ane yuddha strIonAM apaharaNathI AraMbhAtAM hoya che. saMskRtinA eka cokkasa tabakke strIonuM apaharaNa badhI jagyAe pracalita hatuM ane, TaMTA-phisAda ane yuddhonI vRddhi mATe te ja javAbadAra hatuM. eTale, evuM mAnavAne koI kAraNa nathI ke bhAratIyoe svayaM A ghaTakane upayogamAM lIdhuM nahIM. jo haju paNa A kathAghaTakane bhAratIyoe uchInuM lIdhuM evuM mAnavAmAM Ave to, apaharaNa sAthe na saMkaLAyelA keTalAka prasaMgonA maLatApaNAmAMthI ja AnI khAtrI karI zakAya. evA prasaMgo ke, apaharaNanAM svAbhAvika pariNAmo sAthe saMkaLAyelAM na hoya paNa je, prAcIna kathAomAM Akasmika rIte AvI gayAM hoya. paNa evAM zodhavAno ApaNo prayatna niSphaLa jAya che. ethI UlaTuM bhAratIya kathAmAM grIka karatAM judI paristhiti che. 30 mane evuM jaNAya che ke rAmano paNacha caDhAvavAno prasaMga oDisIyasa sAthe bahu ocho AMtarika saMbaMdha dharAve che. rAme dhanuSa para paNacha janakarAjAnI putrI meLavavA caDhAvavAnI che. A to eka prakAranI zaktiparIkSA che, je lagna pahelAM yojAvI joIe ane keTalIka laDAyaka jAtio mATe to A pharijayAta che. AnI sAthe sIgaphriDanA paththarapheMkane sarakhAvo. bhAratIyo mATe dhanuSa mukhya astra hatuM. eTale, te zakti parIkSAmAM mukhya bhAga bhajave che. sItA mATe ja nahIM paNa draupadI mATe paNa te zarata hatI. jo zaktiparIkSA eka jAtino rivAja hoya ane, grIkanI koI alAyadI vizeSatA na hoya to ApaNe, uchInuM levAyuM che e satya siddha karavuM haze to, e mATenI cokkasa sAbiti mAgIzuM. paNa e to che nahIM. oDisIyase paNa paNacha caDhAvelI, paNa Azaya taddana judo ja che. oDisIyasane potAnI patnI penelopIne meLavavAnI nathI te to enI patnI hatI ja, paNa pariNayavAMchuone pAchaLa rAkhavA mATe paNacha caDhAvavAnI ane kuhADIthI mArI nAkhavAnI kasoTI to eka yukti hatI. have vebara eka janaka jAtakano ullekha kare che. A kathAmAM, vahANabhaMga thae, samudradevI dvArA vyaktine bacAvavAnI ane, paNacha caDhAvIne rAjakumArIne jitavAnI vAta

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84 rAmAyaNa Ave che. "evuM jaNAya che ke lyukothiyA oDisiyasane bacAve che ane bIjA pariNayavAMchuo paNacha caDhAvI zakatA nathI e be vAta bhegI karI dIdhI che. A dvArA athavA A be saMjogone bhegA karavAthI, homaranI acUka yAda Ave che, ane bIjAthI (mAnavA prerAIe chIe) sIdhA ja rAmAyaNanA mithilAnA rAjA janakanI sabhAnA prasaMgonuM smaraNa thAya che. ane te paNa bahu ja prAbalyathI. kAraNamAM, ahIM mithilAnI yuvAna rAjakumArInuM varNana Ave che jenuM paNa sItAnA pitA (janaka)nA jevuM ja nAma che. ANe paitRka rAja pAchuM meLavavA kUca AdarI ane te rIte uparyukta bhAgya tene maLyuM. have A be prasaMgo bhegA karavAmAM AvyA hovAthI temanA para tarata ja cheko mArI devAya nahIM ane teo homara sudhI jAya che. eTale rAmAyaNanA dezya mATe paNa Avo ja udgama darzAvaze". (vebara, pR. 17) A be prasaMgone joDavAthI jAtaka-kathAe oDisiyasakathAnA anukaraNamAM AkAra lIdho che to, tenAthI ApaNane rAmAyaNa vizenA koI kAraNa para AvavAmAM sahAya maLatI nathI. rAmAyaNane jAtakamAM varNavAyelAM janakanAM sAhaso taddana ajANyAM che. jo jAtaka rAmAyaNa karatAM vadhu prAcIna hota to, paNacha caDhAvavAnI vAta jAtakamAMthI rAmAyaNamAM AvI hoya ema mAnI zakAya. paNa AvI prakriyAe rAmAyaNanA prasaMgo ane vyaktionAM caritromAM, mULabhUta parivartana ApyuM hota. paNa ApaNe kyAranuM joyuM che ke, dazaratha jAtaka e nizcitapaNe rAmAyaNamAM dvitIya prakAranI nirmiti che ane janaka-jAtakanA saMdarbhamAM AnAthI ulaTuM siddha karavA bahu ja pratItikara tarkonI AvazyakatA rahe. paNa jo ApaNe oDisiyasa-kathA bhAratane paricita thaI tyAre, rAmanI dhanuSa para paNacha caDhAvavAnI vArtA banI e svIkArIe to, janaka sAthe te zA mATe joDAI e ApaNane samajI zakIe. janakanI pAse atyaMta bhAre dhanuSa hatu e saMjoga janasAdhAraNanI kalpanAne mATe pUrato preraNAdAyI hato jethI tene, vArtAno nAyaka banAvI dIdho ane, temAM dhanuSabhaMga bahu ja mahattvanI ghaTanA hatI. rAma athavA arjuna A hetu mATe vadhAre yogya hatA kAraNa ke teoe A prakAranAM dhanuSya toDyAM hatAM. paNa A be mahAkAvyomAM A be vIra nAyakonI vArtA eTalI daDha banI gaI hatI ke, loko A vIra puruSomAM koI navA sAhasa Aropita karI zakyA nahIM. ema kare to, yuga-prAcIna kathAmAM virodha Ave. mahAvaMzamAM vijaya ane janaka-jAtakanI vArtAno grIka udgama hovAnI saMbhavitatA ke zakyatAno huM virodha karavAno nathI. (vabara, pR. 13 noMdha 1 ane pR. 17) paNa AnuM uchInuM levuM rAma kathAnA bahu samaya pachInuM hatuM. A banne bauddha vArtAomAM dariyAI sapharo ocho mahattvano bhAga bhajavatI nathI. te samaye to A bahu ja jANItA prasaMga

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harmana yAkobI 85 hatA. rAmAyaNanA kavi athavA jemanI sAthe rAma-kathAno vikAsa thayo temane A ajANyuM hatuM. athavA to A vicAra ja eTalo ocho jANIto hato ke, rAmane vahANamAM laMkA pahoMcADavAno vicAra ja temanA mAnasamAM phUryo nahIM. jo, dariyAI sapharanuM cokkasa jJAna hota to setu bAMdhavAnA sAhasabharyA kAryano Azraya ja levAmAM Avyo na hota. je prajAnI vArtAo ane daMtakathAomAM dariyAI sapharo eka lokapriya vicAra tarIke AvyA karato hoya tyAM, hanumAnanuM uDDayana ane sAgaranI rAmane sahAya kalpavAmAM na AvI hota. e evuM darzAve che ke, je lokomAM rAmAyaNa vikasyuM te evA bhU-bhAgamAM rahetA hatA je samudrathI ghaNo dUra hato. vebaranI aTakaLa vize vAta karatAM jo vAlmIkie homaranI kathAonA uparachallA jJAnamAMthI rAmAyaNa racavAnI preraNA lIdhI hota to dariyAI yAtrA to oDisI ane IlIaDamAM kadI anupasthita che ja nahi ane tethI rAmAyaNamAM paNa teNe bhAga bhajavyo hota ane upara ullikhita sahAya pahoMcADavAnI kAlpanika rItone ghaDI kADhI na hota. e jo evo koI paNa vicAra hoya ke vAlmIkino homaranI kathAo sAthe eTalo UMDo paricaya hato ke tenAthI, mahAkAvyane vastu maLyuM to, A ati kapolakalpita che. A uparachalluM paNa eTalA mATe che ke, bhAratIya kathAsAhityamAM Adi kALathI AvAM kathA ghaTako bharapura che. eTale, temAMthI sAmagrI grahaNa karavAne badale zuM bhAratanA mahAkAvyanA kavie videzamAMthI UchInuM levuM joIe? ahIM ApaNe zabUkanI kathAno ullekha karavo joIe A kathAmAM khrIstI nAmano saMdarbha jovAno prayatna karavAmAM Avyo che. 7-73 thI 76mAM A kathA kahevAI che. jyAre rAma rAjaya karatA hatA tyAre, eka brAhmaNaputra akALe avasAna pAmyo. paNa A akALe avasAna mATe rAmane javAbadAra TheravavAmAM AvyA. rAma sabhA bolAve che jemAM nArada samajAve che ke bIjA ane trIjA yugamAM adharmanI vRddhi thatI hoya che. cothA yugamAM zUdro tapa karaze. ane zUdra tapa kare che. ane pariNAme bALaka marI jAya che. rAma puSpaka vimAnamAM A aniSTa tattvane zodhavA nIkaLI paDe che. rAmane jaNAya che ke dakSiNamAM zaivala parvata para eka mANasa tapa kare che. pUchaparacha karatAM rAmane kahevAmAM Ave che ke te zabUka nAmano zUdra che. te svarga javA mATe tapa kare che. rAma tene khagathI haNe che. A prasaMganuM kathAvastu che. koI paNa pUrvagraha sivAya, jo koI A prasaMganI parIkSA kare to, temAM videzI asaranuM kAI cihna jaNAze nahIM. AraMbhathI ja uccatara dhArmika jIvana, zUdrane nakAravAmAM AvyuM che. Ama karIne uccatama tabakkAno cotho Azrama meLavatAM tene aTakAvavAmAM Avyo che. brAhmaNa potAnA vizeSAdhikAra tarIke tene jALavavA mAgato hato. A prakAranA niyaMtraNane bauddha ane jaina dharmanAM prabaLa baLoe vicchinna karI

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86 rAmAyaNa nAkhyuM. temanA dharmamAM zUdrane bhikSu banato aTakAvanAruM koI niyaMtraNa na hatuM. paNa Avo apavAda rAmanA rAjyamAM banavo joIe nahIM. tatkAla to je koI A custa vyavasthAnuM pAlana na kare tene mATenI kaDaka sajA e cetavaNIrUpa hatI. tethI huM e mata mAnavA pratye DhaLuM chuM ke zabUkanI kathA evA dezamAM te samayamAM ubhavI ke jyAM mizra maTha vyavasthA ghaNuM karIne, bauddho ane jainonI astitvamAM hatI. eTale badhu saMvAdI rIte AgaLa vadhe che. ane tethI huM evuM koI kAraNa joto nathI ke jenAthI bhAratIya AdarzathI zAsita bAbatone samajAvavA prIstI vyavasthAnI dhAraNA karavAmAM Ave. athavA dakSiNano zaivala parvata koI khrIstI saMdarbha dharAve che. te bahu ja nabaLI ane sarva rIte apratItikara dalIla bane. jo A bhaugolika AkAranuM mahattva hota to, bahu ja pahelAM pahoMcI gayelA digambarono vicAra karavo yogya jaNAta. taduparAMta e jaNAvavuM joIe ke benarjI vadhAre mukta vaiSNava saMgaThano samajAve che. AmAM zUdrono samAveza thato eTaluM ja nahI paNa prasaMgopAtta temano dhArmika guruo tarIke paNa svIkAra karavAmAM Avato. A malabAra ane koromaMDalanA kinArAonA khrIstI pAdarIonI asaranA kAraNe che. paNa hAlanA samaye, koI A matane paNa mAnya nahIM rAkhe, kAraNa ke, dakSiNanA zaiva dharme ApaNA yuganI AraMbhanI sadIonI drAviDI saMskRtine vikasAvavAmAM ja moTI bhUmikA bhajavI che te ApaNe jANIe chIe. 5 A sarva parIkSaNoe rAmAyaNano racanAkALa carcavA mATeno mArga taiyAra karI Apyo. ApaNe mahAbhAratanA moTA bhAga karatAM ane bauddha dazaratha-jAtaka karatAM, rAmAyaNa vadhu prAcIna che e matanA samarthanamAM purAvAo prastuta karyA che. IsunI pUrvanI A racanA che enuM A hakIkata samarthana kare che. ethI viparIta rAmanI laMkA taraphathI kUcanI purAkathA bauddha sIlonano saMdarbha dharAve che. ane vAlmIkinA mahAkAvyano bIjo khaMDa homaranA kAvyanA anukaraNamAM racAyo che. evA matano paNa ame asvIkAra karyo che. ane chevaTe e paNa darzAvyuM che ke bhAratamAM pachInA samayanA jANItA buddha, grIka ane bIjA loko rAmAyaNanA dvitIya kakSAnA bhAgamAM dekhItI rIte ullekha pAmyA che. jo eka bAju ApaNe dvitIya staranA khaMDo mATe ThIka ThIka arvAcIna samaya nakkI karIe - IsunI bIjI sadImAM athavA pachI to, ApaNA mATe e mAnavAnI AvazyakatA UbhI thAya che ke prAcIna adhikRta vAlmIkino mULa Ayojita khaMDa ThIka ThIka prAcIna che. mArA mata pramANe pUrva bhAratanI rAjakIya paristhitinA abhyAsa parathI vadhu cokkasa tArIkha nizcitapaNe nakkI thaI zake.

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harmana yAkobI e kaMIka mahattvanuM che ke buddha ane mahAvIranI kathAonI jema, rAmAyaNamAM pATalIputrano ullekha thayo nathI. jo ke 1-35mAM rAmane evA sthaLe lAvavAmAM AvyA che ke jyAM pachInA samayamAM bhAratanI rAjadhAnI astitvamAM AvI. upara jaNAvyuM te pramANe pUrva bhAratanAM zahero jevAM ke kauzAmbI, kAnyakubdha, girIvraja, dharmAraNya ane kAmpilyanA sthapAyAno ullekha 1-32 ane 33mAM thayo che. te dekhItuM che ke, jyAM rAmAyaNane potAnA uddagama sthAna para dekhAyA pachI Atura satkAra ane kALajI prApta thayAM te vibhAgonuM mahAsya darzAvavuM che. jyAre rAmAyaNamAM vizvAmitranI kathAno samAveza karavAmAM Avyo tyAre, megAsthanIsanA samaya daramyAna, bhAratanI rAjadhAnI pATalIputrano ullekha prApta karavAnI ApaNe apekSA rAkhI zakyA hota, paNa AgaLa darzAvyAM te kAraNothI. nando ane mauryonA samaya pahelAM A prakSipta aMzo astitvamAM AvyA. 1-9 thI 11mAM aMganA rAjAne dazaratha sAthe vadhu nikaTanA saMbaMdhamAM ANavAmAM Ave che. e hakIkatane AdhAre paNa ApaNe e tAraNa para AvI zakIe chIe. have vRddhi pAmI rahelA magadha35 para AkramaNa karavAnI yojanAmAM aMgano rAjA sau prathama bhoga banelo. mauryo padabhraSTa thayo tyAM sudhI aMgano koI svataMtra rAjA hato ja nahIM. aMga vaMzanA rAjAonA ayodhyAnA IvAkuo sAthenA saMbaMdhanI prAcIna daMtakathI aMga vaMzanA rAjAono mahimA gAvA mATe hatI paNa, tethI koI hetu saryo nahIM. magadhanA rAjAoe mahAna sAmrAjyanA pAyAnA paththara nAkhyA hatA. A rAjAo bauddhonA samakAlIna hatA ane azokanA zAsana heThaLa bhAratanA ardhA bhAgane samAvI leto vadhumAM vadhu vistAra rAjaye sAdhyo. IzunI pUrvenA gALAmAM bhAratanA rAjakIya itihAsamAM A sauthI mahattvano banAva hato. bhAratIya paraMparA paNa Ano to svIkAra kare che. viSNupurANamAM ja pR. 148 para nanda vize kahevAyuM che. bIjA parazurAmanI jema te kSatriyono nAza karaze ane pachI zUdronuM zAsana thaze. ahIMyAM saramukhatyArazAhIe vaMzIya svarUpanA zAsanane UthalAvI dIdhuM. A rIte jabarajastIthI pacAvI pADelA rAjyanuM rakSaNa ane zAsana karavAmAM AvyuM. rAjakAraNa eka duSkara kaLA che. maurya sAmrAjyanA prathama maMtrI cANakya nItizAstranA mukhya jJAtA amastA ja nathI gaNAtA. potAnA prathama phelAvA daramyAna rAmAyaNa navA sAmrAjayanA sthaLe pahoMcyuM tyAM aitihAsika ghaTanAoe pUrvanI vyavasthAne UthalAvI pADI hatI. to, jo kRti AvA prasaMgo ghaTyA pachI racAI hota to, A prasaMgoe have jarUra potAnAM cihno choDyAM hota. paNa dekhItuM che ke rAmAyaNa AvA kazAnuMya cihna darzAvatuM nathI. kavi UMDANabharI zAMtithI jIvyo che. bhUminA vijetAo je prakArano vyavahAra karatA hoya che te rAjakAraNathI kavi taddana anabhijJa che.

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88 rAmAyaNa tene to, vArtAnuM mukhya kathAghaTana rAjamahelanI khaTapaTa ane rAjagAdI mATenI spardhA che. mahelanAM AvAM kAvatarAM rAmane vanavAsamAM mokale che. vAlI ane sugrIva be bhAIo A ja AzayathI prerAIne ekabIjAne rAjagAdI parathI UthalAve che. paNa chevaTe rAmanI madadathI sugrIva haMmeza mATe siMhAsana para bese che. potAnA bhAI rAvaNanI viruddha vibhISaNano vidroha e rAjavI kuTuMbanA kalahanuM trIjuM citra udghATita kare che. kavie jene kAraNe yuddha thayuM eno e Avega anubhavyo jaNAto nathI. kavie jo ke ghaNAM yuddho varNavyAM che paNa tenuM mAnavIya pAsuM saMpUrNapaNe gerahAjara che. A rAkSasI ane virATa laDAIo kharekhara to aNaghaDa kapolakalpita kalpanAnuM phaLa che, je aMgata anubhavanA vAstavika vicAramAMthI udbhavI nathI. huM evuM mAnavA prerAu chuM ke, rAmAyaNanAM AvAM varNanoe cheka atyAra sudhInI sadInI mahAkAvyanI kavitA para UMDI asara karI che. ochAmAM ochuM aMzataH rAmAyaNanA yuddhanuM varNana karatA bhAgonA anukaraNamAM zeSa mahAkAvyanI kavitAmAM mAnava-vIra puruSo paNa zastrAstrothI kapolakalpita zaurya-kRtyo karatA darzAvyA che. jenI carcA ApaNe 3mAM karI che. rAjakIya paristhitine lAgevaLage che tyAM sudhI, sAmaMtazAhI prakAranI sAmaMtonI zAsanapaddhati kavitAnA mULamAM rahI che. kyAMya ApaNane mahattara ke saMkula banAvono paricaya thato nathI. cokkasa, kozalano rAjavI zaktizALI paNa umadA rAjA jaNAya che, paNa te anya rAjakumAro sAthe samAnatAnA stare Ubho che. atyAranA ApaNA pATha pramANe rAma potAnI rAjasImA para eka divasamAM pahoMce che, paNa mULa varNana pramANe saMbhavataH be divasa lAge che.37 ayodhyA sivAya ApaNe bIjA koI ja nagaranuM nAma sAMbhaLatA nathI. najIkamAM AveluM zRMgaberapura paNa sAthI niSAda agraNI guhanuM nagara che. vAlmIkinA A rAjayanI pAranA bhUmipradezo khAsa karIne dakSiNa bhArata vize acokkasa ja nahIM, bhayAnaka khyAlo che. jo vAlmIki nando ke mauryonA samayamAM jIvyA hota to, paristhiti kaMIka judI ja hota. eka moTA rAjayano moTo kArobAra dUranA bhUmipradezo ane rAjyanI sImA pAra vize jhINI mAhitI mATenI tako pUrI pADe che. jo vAlmIki koI zaktizALI rAjyanA nAgarika hota to, temaNe taddana bhinna ja bhaugolika bhUmikA pUrI pADI hota. te ayodhyAnA vaMzaparaMparAgata rAjyavaMzanA kavi hovAthI svAbhAvika che ke, te kevaLa kozalanuM varNana kare che. A pradezanI pAranI bhUminuM varNana te potAnI kalpanA pramANe kare che. have jo ApaNe uparanA dRSTibinduthI mahAbhArata samayanI rAjakIya paristhitino vicAra karIe to, eka noMdhapAtra virodha jovA maLe che. mahAbhAratanA kavi madhyapradeza sAthe zatrutA dharAvanAra tarIke magadha rAjyanuM varNana kare che. tenA rAjA jarAsandha magadhanI

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harmana yAkobI 89 sImAnI pAra potAnA rAjyane vistAryuM hatuM. magadha uparAMta, tenA rAjyamAM cedino pradeza ane pazcimamAM matsyanA bhAga, sarayU parano kAruSadeza, uttaramAM gomatI paranA pradezo, aMga, ane baMDanA pradezo, pUrvamAM puSTha ane kirAtano samAveza thato hato. te kAzInA rAjAono paNa mitra hato. ahevAla pramANe, ati zaktizALI jarAsaMdhe madhyadezanI prajA para AkramaNa karyuM. temane potAnA gharomAMthI hAMkI kADhyA ane temanAmAM saMkSobha pedA karyo." (Lassen Indische Alertumskunde I, pR. 609, bIju AvRtti, pR. 755) ahIM vArtAmAM ApaNane nanda, prathama mauryanA rAjayanuM pratirUpa maLe che. ane jarAsaMdha pratyenI zatrutA magadhanA rAjyane bathAvI pADanAra paratvenA vaiSanuM pratibiMba pADe che. evuM nathI ke, jarAsandhanI pAchaLa nanda ke candragupta chUpAI gayA che. madhyadezanA mahAkAvyanA kavio potAnA samayanI athavA nikaTatama bhUtakALanA banAvo ane rAjakIya paristhitione purAkathAomAM ke prAgu-aitihAsika samayamAM saMkramita karatA hatA. huM mAnuM chuM ke, mahAbhAratamAM kahevAyelI jarAsaMdhanI kathAoe I. sa. pUrvenI cothI sadImAM cokkasa AkAra dhAraNa karI lIdho hato evuM mAnavA ApaNe haka dharAvIe chIe. A viSayAntara pachI ApaNe rAmAyaNanA kALa vizenA ApaNA ucita saMzodhana tarapha pAchA vaLIe. e noMdhapAtra che, ke rAmAyaNanA prAcInattara khaMDomAM ayodhyAne rAjayanI rAjadhAnI tarIke ullekhavAmAM AvI che. paNa bauddho, jaino, grIka ane pataMjali tenuM sAketa nAma Ape che. nAmamAM parivartana sUcave che ke jUnuM nagara jIrNatA ane vinAzane pAmyuM ane anugAmI samayamAM eka navuM nagara tenI najIka udbhavyuM. uttarakAMDamAMthI jANavA maLe che ke nagara janazUnya banI gayuM ane choDI devAyuM ane evI bhaviSyavANI bhAkhavAmAM AvI che ke, bhaviSyamAM jyAM sudhI RSabha tyAM AvIne vase nahIM tyAM sudhI te nirjana raheze. huM lagabhaga evuM mAnavA para chuM ke 2-114nA kavie ayodhyAnAM khaMDera joyAM hatAM. dhvasanI zUnyatAnA nagaranA varNane kavi para UMDI asara karI hatI. ayodhyAnA tyAganuM kAraNa zatruoe verelo vinAza hoI zake. nivAsa badalavA mATe te javAbadAra hoI zake e saMbhava che. uttarakAMDanI kathA pramANe, rAmanA putra lave, potAnuM zAsana sthaLa badalIne zrAvastI karyuM. (7-108-5)41 buddha prasenajituM (prasaMnadi) zrAvastI para rAjya karatA hatA enI sAthe A hakIkata maLatI Ave che.42 dekhItuM che ke mULa rAmAyaNa A sarva sthaLAMtaro pahelAM racAyuM hatuM. ahIM ayodhyA IvAku rAjAonA zAsananuM A eka bhavya sthaLa hatuM. navuM nAma haju che nahIM ane zrAvastIno haju ullekha thayo nathI. bAlakAMDa mATe paNa A sAcuM che. jo bAlakAMDanA racanAkALe

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90 rAmAyaNa zrAvastI zaktizALI zAsakanuM kendra hota to, A nagara anullikhita na rahyuM hota. A mahAkAvyanA khaMDamAM anya mahattvanAM sthaLono vicAra karavAmAM Avyo che. eTale, ApaNe tAraNa para AvI zakIe ke bAlakAMDa ane teno prAcInatara bhAga (dekhItI rIte, vizvAmitra prasaMga vicAraNA mATe Avato nathI.) bahu ja pahelo I. sa. pU.nI pAMcamI sadI pachI to nahIM racAyo haze. je pramANe pUrva-buddha kALamAM bAlakAMDa racAyu haze te kartAno meM pahelAM ullekha karyo che. tyAM darzAvyuM te pramANe 1-47 ane 48 pramANe mithilA ane vizAlA joDiyAM nagaro hatAM. paNa darekano zAsaka judo hato. mithilAnA janaka ane vizAlAnA sumati zAsaka hatA. paNa buddhanA samayamAM, banneno eka mukta nagara vaizAlI tarIke vikAsa thayo jayAM licchavI rAjavaMzIonuM sAmUhika zAsana rahyuM. gAyakane prApta thayelA 1-5mAM noMdhelA puraskAra pramANe, rAmAyaNa-kAvya tyAre banyuM je samaye ayodhyAnA ikvAkuo zaktizALI zAsaka kuTuMbanA sabhya hatA. paNa buddha ane mahAvIranA samayanAM paristhiti badalAI gaI hatI. IzvAku-vaMzano rAjA prasenajitu haju zrAvastI para rAjya karato hato. paNa jaino pramANe ja kozala nagaramAM nava lacchavI kumAronuM zAsana hatuM je vaizAlIthI svataMtra hatuM. purANo paNa ikvAku-rAjAonA aMta (viSNu purANa- 4-22) vize kahe che ane temAM zAkya, zuddhodana ane rAhulano samAveza thAya che. keTalAMka sthaLoe teo vadhAre lAMbo samaya rahyA hoya paNa chatAM, jenA hitakArI Azraya heThaLa rAmAyaNano kavi jIvyo te sattAnI bhavyatA to asta pAmI hatI ane te ghaNA lAMbA samaya pahelAM banyuM hatuM. ghaNA rAjakumAromAM zAsana vaheMcAI gayuM ane khUba saraLatAthI navA bacAvI pADanArAoe potAnA rAjayano magadha sudhI vistAra karyo. kozala pradezamAM paNa rAjavaMzanI jagyAe sAmaMtazAhI dAkhala thaI. rAmAyaNanA prakSipta khaMDomAM AnA ullekha thayA hoya tevuM jaNAya che. tyAM kaikeyI evo bhAva rajU kare che ke AraMbhamAM bhale rAjya rAmane maLyuM hoya paNa bharata pachIthI rAjyano zAsaka banaze. paNa maMtharA tene samajAve che ke sauthI moTo putra rAjyano vArasadAra bane che. jayAre nAno AvA adhikArathI vaMcita rahe che. AvuM vidhAna mUrkhatAbharyuM kahevAya jo e je vyaktione kahevAmAM AvI rahyuM che te, sAmaMtazAhI sivAyanA prakAranA zAsanamAM jIvatI hoya. vAlmIki jo ke IkvAku rAjAonA sarvocca zAsanakALamAM jIvyA. khaMDo evA samaye ghUsADavAmAM AvyA jyAre sattAnuM haMmeza mATe avapatana thayuM. magadhanA rAjAoe jhaDapathI aMtima sattAnI dhUMsarI phagAvI dIdhI, eTale ame mAnIe chIe ke I. sa. pUrve pAMcamI sadI e ullekhita

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harmana yAkobI 91 prakSipta aMzonI uttaratama maryAdA che jayAre mULa kAvya to, ethI ghaNA vahelA samayamAM jAya che. rAmAyaNanI racanAnI AvI prAcIna tArIkhanA anumodanamAM bIjI keTalIka hakIkato paNa rajU karI zakAya. glegale bhArapUrvaka jaNAvyuM che ke satInI prathA kAvyamAM dekhAtI nathI.4deg AvAM vidhAnonA virodhamAM chUTA chavAyA ullekho hoI zake. paNa noMdhapAtra hakIkata e che ke kathAnI koI paNa vidhavA agnimAM baLI maravAnI paddhati apanAvatI nathI. dazarathanI traNe rANIomAMthI koI nahIM ke vAlInI patnI tArA ke rAvaNanI patnI mandodarI paNa nahIM. sara moniyara viliyamsa (Indian Wisdom bIjI AvRtti, I. sa. pUrve pAMcamI sadIthI moDe nahIM. pR. 315) rAmAyaNanA bahu pahelAMnA racanAkALa mATe AnI sarva prathama dalIla tarIke rajU kare che. huM temanA zabdo UtAruM chuM. "rAmAyaNamAM satIno eka paNa kisso noMdhAyelo nathI. mahAbhAratamAM pADunI rANI mAdrI potAnA pati sAthe baLI mare che ane vasudevanI cAra rANIo ane kRSNanI keTalIka rANIo paNa tema ja kare che. paNa e noMdhapAtra che ke, haNAyelA vIrapuruSonI saMkhyAbaMdha vidhavAomAMthI koIne e rIte mRta pati sAthe A rIte saLagI maratI batAvavAmAM AvI nathI. A darzAve che ke paMjAba pAsenA uttara-pazcima bhAratamAM satIno rivAja dAkhala thavA lAgyo hato. (jyAM ApaNe jANIe chIe ke, I. sa. pU. 300mAM te pracalita hato) paNa rAmAyaNanI prAcInatama racanAnA samaye te pUrvanA pradezomAM haju pahoMcyo nathI. paNa jo eka mahAkAvya satInA koI kissAne noMdhatuM nathI. ane bIjuM kevaLa durlabha kissAone noMdhe che. kathAvastunA saMjogo to A rivAjano ullekha karavA mATenI ghaNI tako pUrI pADanAra hatA. AnA parathI evuM tAravI zakAya ke ApaNe banne mahAkAvyonI racanAnI pahelI paMktio jyAre lakhAI te samaya I.sa. pU. trIjI sadI pahelAM mUkavo joIe. ApaNe megAnIsa pAsethI jANIe chIe ke, te cheka pUrvamAM magadha sudhI pahoMceluM." koI evo paNa vAMdho laI zake ke satI-prathA e jAtigata vizeSatA che ane prAcIna samayathI vaiyaktika kissAomAM bhAratamAM pracalita hatI. paNa muddo e che ke, zuM enI pAchaLa dhArmika anumodana hatuM ane zuM te sArvatrika prathA hatI. paNa aitihAsika kALamAM ja AnuM custapaNe anusaraNa karavAmAM AvyuM che. eTale, uparano tarka vAjabI Thare che. trIjA kAMDamAM khagoLane lagatI ghaTanAno je ullekha Ave che, te rAmAyaNano racanAkALa I. sa. pU. pAMcamI sadInA AraMbhanA vicArane anumodana ApanAro che.

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92 rAmAyaNa 16-12 A saMdarbha Ape che. nivRttAkAzazayanAH puSyanItA- himAruNAH / sitavRddhatarAyAmA triyAmA yAnti sAmpratam // puSyanakSatre ThaMDI ane lAMbI rAtrio ANI. "rAtrinA AraMbhathI aMta sudhI AkAzamAM puSya nakSatra rahyuM' evo A zabdono artha thAya." A tyAre bane che jyAre rAtrio dIrghatama ane divaso TUMkAmAM TUMkA hoya che, ane jyAre adhavRtta-kozUra (colure) karkamAM puSyamAM thaIne jAya che. I.sa. pU. sAtamI sadI pahelAM AvI paristhiti hatI, jo ApaNe mAnIe ke yoganakSatra kensara karka nakSatranA AraMbhano tabakko hato. e mahattvanuM ochuM che ke, tArIkha eka sadI AgaLa ke pAchaLa jAya, kAraNa ke ardhavRtta-kolyursa(colures) 70 varSamAM eka aMza khase che. paNa e spaSTa che ke I. sa. pUrvenI thoDI sadIo pahelAM A jJAna pracalita hatuM, jemAM prAcInatama grIsa rAzimAM uttarAyaNa karkamAM rahetuM. koIka eka vAMdho uThAvI zake. karkanuM nakSatra darzAve che ke A nAma hakIkato sAthe meLa khAtuM nathI. ane bhAratamAM jema che te pramANe kRttikA nakSatro potAnA astitvanA samayathI paNa vadhu eka sadI sudhI prAdhAnya bhogavatA. eTale ardhavRtta kozUranI(Colure) sthiti vizenuM ApaNuM jJAna bahu ja prAcIna samayathI pracalita hatuM. A khulAso zakya che paNa huM ene saMbhavita mAnato nathI, kAraNa ke puSyanItA koI paribhASAno zabda nathI ane tethI koI khagoLazAstrIya banAva darzAvato nathI. dekhItI rIte e eka sAmAnya zabda che. te nirIkSaNamAMthI udbhave che. ane khagoLazAstrIya zabda tarIke tenuM tavArIkhanI dRSTie vizeSa mahattva che. tavArIkha nizcita karavA mATe, khagoLazAstrane lagatAM vidhAno dharAvato khaMDa paNa kadAca khUba mUlyavAna che. 4-23mAM apazukano varNavavAmAM Ave che. kharanA rAma sAthenA yuddha pahelAM A apazukano dekhAya che. emAM sUrya potAnuM teja gumAve che ane kALo paDI jAya che te paNa che. grahaNa sAthe saMjogo eTalA to maLatA Ave che ke evuM mAnI zakAya ke, kavie aMgata rIte Ano anubhava karyo haze, kahevAmAM AvyuM che. kabandhaH parighAbhAso dRzyate bhAskarAntike // 12 jagrAha sUryaM svarbhAnuraparvaNi mahAgrahaH // pravAti mArutaH zIghraM niSprabhobhUd divAkaraH // 13 utpetuzca vinA rAtri tArAH khadyotasaprabhAH / saMlInamInavihagA nalinyaH zuSkapaGkajAH // 14

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harmana yAkobI ( 93 cIcIkUcIti vAzyanto babhuvustatra sArikAH // 15 pavanonuM phUkAvuM, nakSatronuM dekhAvuM, UMghI javA mATe pakSIonuM mALAmAM pahoMcI javuM. ane AvI bIjI ghaNI asAdhAraNa ghaTanAo sUryagrahaNo 9 vakhate jovAmAM AvatI hoya che. koI eka khAsa sthaLe khAsa karIne ghaNA lAMbA samayanuM saMpUrNa sUryagrahaNa jemAM upara kahelI ghaTanAo banatI hoya, bahu ja ochI vAra thatuM hoya che. AvuM saMpUrNa sUryagrahaNa jarmanInAM 1990mAM thanAruM che. have uparyukta carcA pramANe je pradezamAM pahelavaheluM rAmAyaNa gAvAmAM AveluM te kadAca avadhe che. avadha to ghaNo nAno bhUmipradeza che. saMpUrNa sUryagrahaNo (vartuLo ane AMzika grahaNo ahIM gaNatarImAM levAyAM nathI) I. sa. pUrve 2800 varSo daramyAna thayAM. AnI cokkasAI vAM. opolDara Von Oppolzer) ane zrama (Schramm)nI sUryagrahaNonI yAdInI vigato parathI karI zakAya. mArI gaNatarIo sUryagrahaNonI tArIkha Ape che. ane uttara akSAMzanAM binduo darzAve che, jayAM viSavavRtta ayodhyAne vRttamAM barAbara madhyamAM chede che. (grInavIcathI 82nA rekhAMze) huM I.sa. pU. 180thI zarU karuM chuM, kAraNa ke enI pahelAM AMzika sUryagrahaNo hatAM. I.sa. pU. 180 4 mArca akSAMza 21deg I.sa.pU. 519 23 naveM. akSAMza 33 " 227 7 sapTe. " 15 " 546 19 jUna " 27deg " 241 15 jUna " 18 " 548 23 okTo." 29deg " 248 me " 33deg " 574 9me " 28 " 274 24 mArca " 34 " 729 14 mArca " 32 " 281 6 ogasTa " 19" " 762 15 jUna " 35 " 309 15 ogasTa " 29 " 769 5 me " 29deg " 426 22 me " 27deg " 794 6 nave. " 26 rekhAMza 29 ane 24nI vacce ayodhyAnI vRttamAM viSuvavRtta jene kApe che, te sUryagrahaNono ja ahIM vicAra karavAmAM Avyo che. A sUryagrahaNo 309, 426, 546, pa48, 574, 769 ne 794nA che. AmAM paNa 426 ane 248nAM sUryagrahaNo moTAmAM moTAM che. paNa viparIta rIte 309nuM sUryagrahaNa himAlaya para paDe che. eTale, ApaNe dhAraNA dhArI zakIe ke, kavi ghaNuM karIne, IzvAku rAjAonA darabAramAM avadhamAM athavA AzramamAM athavA tenI najIka AvyA ane saMbhavataH temane 426nuM ke chaThThI sadI

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94 rAmAyaNa athavA to 8mI sadInAM koI paNa be grahaNone nihALavAnI kavine taka maLI hatI. A rIte, je anubhava kavine maLyo te temaNe potAnI kavitAmAM rajU karyo che. chaThThI sadInuM sUryagrahaNa ane te ja pramANe 8mInAM be manuSyanA jIvanakALa daramyAna bane che. kAvyanI smRti para AvA ghaNA prasaMgonA anubhave kAyamI asara choDI. jo A sarva hakIkato dhyAnamAM levAmAM Ave to, e mata yathArtha jaNAya che ke, rAmAyaNa I. sa. pU. chaThThI sadImAM, saMbhavataH chaThThI sadImAM athavA to 8mI sadImAM udbhavyuM haze. mahAkAvyanI bhASA vizeno je mata baMdhAya tenA para paNa mahAkAvyanA kALano nirNaya AdhArita che. eTale, ApaNe A praznamAM UMDANathI javuM joIe. bhinna bhinna saMskaraNo vaccenA saMbaMdha vizenI ApaNI tapAsanA pariNAmano vicAra karIe to, sI saMskaraNa eka mApadaMDa che. ane tethI ApaNI AgAmI anveSaNAno pAyo che. bombe AvRttimAM praziSTa saMskRtathI bhinnatA sarakhI ja che jeTalI mahAbhAratanI praziSTa saMskRtathI che. A kharekhara kahevAtA saMskRta-mahAkAvyanI vilakSaNatAo che.para - have prazna e che ke, mahAkAvyanI bhASA pANini karatAM prAcIna che ke navatara che pahelA vikalpa vize evuM kahI zakAya ke vAlmIki jevA kavi pANininA vyAkaraNanA niyamonI avagaNanA karI zakyA na hota, jo temanA samayamAM niyamoe adhikRta svIkRti prApta karI hoya to. bIjA vikalpa vize, eTalA ja bhAra sAthe dalIla thaI zake ke pANini ane anya vaiyAkaraNo rAmAyaNanI bhASAne carcAnI paridhimAM lAvyA sivAya rAmAyaNa jevI vikhyAta kRtinI upekSA karI zakyA na hota. alabata A temanI pahelAM baneluM hovuM joItuM hatuM. pANininI bhASA karatAM mahAkAvyanI bhASA vadhAre arvAcIna tabakkAnI hovAthI bIjA vikalpanI pasaMdagI karavA tarapha vyakti DhaLe che. chatAM, nimna bAbatano paNa A saMdarbhamAM vicAra thavo joIe. jo ApaNe evuM svIkArIe ke vAlmIki pANini karatAM arvAcIna che, teTalAthI mahAkAvyanI bhASA pANini karatAM vadhu navatara che evuM svIkAravAnI pharaja paDatI nathI. jo ke vAlmIkinA prabhAve mahAkAvyane kAyamI svarUpa ApyuM. kavitA cokkasapaNe pANini karatAM vadhu prAcIna che. evuM to mAnI ja nahIM zakAya ke mahAkAvyanA gAyakoe vidhipUrvaka brAhmaNonI puSmitA vAkuno upayoga karyo. paNa pachI, mahAkAvyanI kavitAnA pracuratAnA kALamAM mahAkAvyanI kavitA svarUpanI zuddhatAnA mArgathI pathabhraSTa thaI. pANini mahAkAvyanI kathAnA saMjJAvAcaka nAmonI

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harmana yAkobI 95 racanA vize carcA karatA hovA chatAM mahAkAvyanI bhASAnI aniyamitatAono ullekha kyAMya karatA nathI. eTale, ApaNe evA tAraNa para AvavuM joIe ke mahAkAvyanI bhASAne potAnI carcAnI paridhimAM temaNe samAvyuM nathI. saMbhavataH mahAkAvya-gAyakono sAmAjika darajjo paNa nimna kakSAno hovAthI, temanI bhASAne zuddha ane pramANabhUta mAnavAmAM AvI nahIM. pANininA sUtra 6-3-109 para pataMjali pramANe AryavartamAM Adarza tarIke ziSTonI bhASA ja mAnavAmAM AvatI. (bhANDArakarana anuvAdamAM, vilsana lekacarazIpa ArTa, 16 pR. 91) "AryonA dezamAM je brAhmaNo dhanano saMgraha karatA nathI, te phakta eka ghaDAmAM rahe eTaluM ja anAja rAkhe che, je lobhI nathI, je niHsvArtha bhaluM kare che. ane je koI paNa, jAtanA prayatna vagara jJAnanI keTalIka zAkhAothI paricita che, te ja AdaraNIya ziSyo che.' bhAgDArakara AgaLa nirIkSaNa kare che. to, ahIM ApaNane ekadama spaSTa pramANa maLe che, ke saMskRta AryAvarta athavA uttara bhAratanA AdaraNIya brAhmaNo ke saMtonI prAdezika bhASA hatI je vyAkaraNanA abhyAsa sivAya paNa bhASA zuddha bolI zakatA." pachI te AgaLa kahe che. ane A ja vAta tame, Adhunika prAdezika bhASAo vize paNa kahI zako. koNa che je zuddha ke sArI marAThI bole che cokkasa, susaMskRta, brAhmaNo anya vargonI bhASA zuddha marAThI nathI. ziSTa zabdano anuvAda Ama thaI zake, "saMskAra ke keLavaNI pAmelo manuSya ane A keLavaNI ke saMskAra, prAcIna kALathI, brAhmaNo pUrato ja maryAdita hatAM. bhASAnuM je lakSaNa pANinie bAMdhyuM che te AnI sAthe maLatuM Ave che. bruno lAIbIkhI (pANini pU. 47) pramANe "pANini je saMskRtanuM nirUpaNa kare che te brAhmaNo ane sUtronI bhASA sAthe, anvayanI dRSTie ekarUpa che, aupacArika saMbaMdhamAM, te pachInAthI, judI paDe che, kAraNa ke tenAmAM, vaidika kahevAya tevAM ArSarUpo nathI. vaLI, custapaNe vyAkaraNIya zabdonI sAthe sAthe dareka sAhityamAM je AvatAM hoya che te zithila rUpono paNa parihAra kare che." pataMjalino ahevAla ane lAIbIkhanA anveSaNanuM pariNAma paraspara anumodana Ape che kAraNa ke, pANinie nirUpelI bhASA jo ziSTo bolatA hoya, to tenI brAhmaNo ane sUtronI bhASA sAthe samAnatA maLavI joIe. ziSTo sAhityanA pAraMparika puraskartAo hatA ane tethI temanI vANImAM bhASAnAM uccatama dhoraNo maLe. dekhItI rIte, saMskRtanI bhinna vividhatAo ane jUja parivartano banne prAcIna samayamAM vikasyAM. Ano AdhAra samAjanA anya vartuLonA bhASakanA zikSaNa para raheto. A nIcalI koTinA saMskRtano pUrAvo mahAkAvyanI bhASAmAMthI prApta thAya che.pa4

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rAmAyaNa rAmAyaNamAM vyAkaraNazuddha saMskRta athavA ziSyonI bhASA ane laukika saMskRta vacceno bheda ghaNA prasaMgoe darzAvavAmAM Avyo che. hanumAna sugrIvanA samAcAra rAmane Ape che tyAre rAma vANInI zuddhatAthI Azcarya pAme che. nAnRgvedavinItasya nAyajurvedadhAriNaH / nAsAmavedaviduSaH zakyamevaM vibhASitum // 28 nUnaM vyAkaraNaM kRtsnamanena bahudhA zrutam / bahu vyAharatAnena na kiJcidapazabditam // 29 hanumAna laMkAmAM sItAne maLe che tyAre vicAre che ke te kevI rIte sItA sAthe vAta kare. (pa-30) vAcaM codAhariSyAmi mAnuSImiha saMskRtAm // 17 yadi vAcaM pradAsyAmi dvijAtiriva saMskRtAm / rAvaNaM manyamAnA mAM sItA bhItA bhaviSyati // 18 avazyameva vaktavyaM mAnuSaM vAkyamarthavat / / mAnuSa e bolatA vAnaranA virodhamAM rajU thayo che. teno nirdeza pANininA ziSTanI jema digatiriva thI dekhItI rIte thayo che. ane, pahelA khaMDamAMthI e tadana spaSTa thaI jAya che ke hanumAnanuM vedonuM ane vyAkaraNanuM jJAna, temanI zuddha pANI mATe javAbadAra che. 55 zANA puruSonI vANInI zuddhatA ra-91-22mAM A rIte darzAvavAmAM AvI che. zikSAsvarasamAyuktaM suvratazcAbravInmunIH / muIre anya khaMDo paNa ekatra karyA che. (orijInala saMskRta TeTsa pR. 159) jemAM bhASAne saMskRta rUpe darzAvavAmAM AvI che. AthI viparIta koI paNa sthaLe bhASAne prAkRta nAmathI oLakhavAmAM AvI nathI. prAkRtajana athavA sAdhAraNa jana evA nirdezo samaye, ema karavAnA prasaMga hatA to paNa. mArA mata pramANe upara uddhata khaMDonI taTastha vicAraNA mAdhyama vize nimnokta abhiprAya tarapha dorI javI joIe je A aMgenA racanAkALe kavinA mAnasamAM rahI haze. je vedo ane bhASAzAstrIya sajajatA dharAvanArA hatA te sAdhAraNa na karatAM vadhu zuddha bhASA bolatA haze. A sAdhAraNa jana paNa kaMI judI bhASA to dekhItI rIte bolato nahIM ja hoya. bheda kevaLa zuddhatAnA aMzano ja hato. zuddha athavA zuddhIkRta bhASA saMskRta kahevAtI. A saMbaMdha te ja nizcitapaNe che jenI vyAkhyA pataMjalie karI che. ane ziSTo ane avaziSTa jano vacceno jemAM bheda rahelo che.

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harmana yAkobI jo A avadhAraNA yathArtha hoya to svIkAravuM paDe ke, pANini vAlmIkinA purogAmI ke anugAmI che te praznano nirNaya nahIM thaI zake. jo amAro mata sAco hoya to, dUratama arthamAM vAlmIkinI racanAe, mahAkAvyanI bhASAne niyamita rUpa ApyuM ane rAmAyaNa saMskRtamAM racAyuM hatuM. ane azokanA samayamAM (saMbhavataH buddhanA samayamAM paNa) prAkRta bhAratanI prAdezika bhASA hatI, jayAM e bhASA dvArA moTA janasamUhane saMbodhI zakAya. to, bhinna rasta, azokanA ghaNA samaya pahelAM, vAlmIki thaI gayA haze e matane samarthana maLe che. kAraNa ke mahAkAvyanI bhASA e samayamAM ghaDAI jayAre saMskRta haju bahoLA vartuLamAM bolAtI ane samajAtI hatI.pa6 mahAkAvyanI saMbhavita prAcInatA ne bhinna rIte sthApavA mATe paNa A tarkano upayoga karI zakAya. praziSTa saMskRta sAhitya evA samayamAM udbhavyuM ke jayAre praziSTa saMskRta bolAtI bhASA maTI gaI hatI. jo, A sAhitya saMskRtamAM racAtuM hoya to, prAcIna kRtio paNa sAhityanI haze ke, je, bolAtI bhASA saMskRtanI samakAlIna hoya kAraNake bolAtI bhASA tarIke jo te sAhityika hetuo mATe anukULa na hoya to, mRta bhASA to upayogamAM laI ja na zakAya. saMskRta jayAre bolAtI bhASA hatI tyAre jo pUrva-praziSTa kALanAM mahAkAvyo no uddabhavyAM na hoya to, te amuka aMzo potAno pAyo ja gumAve che, prAcInatara mahAkAvya sAhitya naSTa pAmyuM hatuM teno vAMdho hoI na zake paNa saMskRta mRta banI tyAre je racAyuM te ApaNI pAse che te vAMdhAjanaka vidhAna che. dareka sthaLe, namUnArUpa ucca kakSAnI kRtio, mahAkAvya suddhAM, sacavAI che. eTale, dhAraNA mujaba, A kRtio saMskRtamAM evA kALamAM racAI haze ke, jyAre azokanA zilAlekhonI bhASA lokapriya bhASA hatI. paNa A zakya nathI. kAraNa ke lokonuM pratinidhitva dharAvatuM mahAkAvya lAMbA kALathI mRta evI bhASAmAM to na ja racAyuM hoya. te lokapriya bhASAmAM ane ochAmAM ochuM evI bhASAmAM ke je, bahoLA vartuLamAM samajI zakAtI hoya. ghaNIvAra evuM dhArI levAmAM Ave che, ke praziSTa saMskRta sAhityanI abhivyaktinI paddhati purogAmI prAkRta sAhityamAMthI UchInI levAmAM AvI che. A aMzataH kathAsAhitya vize sAcuM che, paNa, zRMgArI kavitAnI bAbatamAM hAla kavinI kavitA hovA chatAM, A ati asaMbhavita che. avaziSTa praziSTa saMskRta sAhitya vize AvI dhAraNAne koI samarthana rahetuM nathI. eTale, ApaNe chevaTe evuM dhAravAnuM rahe che ke mahAkAvyanI kavitA ja agresara hatI ane, praziSTa sAhityanI AdhArazilA hatI. pachIthI A samasyA vize ApaNe khaMDa 7mAM vAta karIzuM. praziSTa saMskRta kavitAnI bhASA mahAkAvyanI bhASAmAMthI vikasI che ane paMDita kavi vyAkaraNanA niyamonuM barAbara pAlana kare che. taduparAMta, mahAkAvya ane praziSTa

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98 rAmAyaNa saMskRta vacce paNa gADha samAnatA che. kavio pANinine vANInI zuddhi mATenA aMtima pramANa tarIke game teTalA svIkAratA hoya, eka muddAmAM teo mahAkAvyanA prayogathI judA paDe che. mahAkAvya koI paNa jAtanI maryAdA sivAya varNana mATe sAdA parokSa bhUtakALano prayoga kare che. jyAre pANini parokSe ti7 ema varNana kare che. A zarata eTalI mahattvanI che ke praziSTa gadyalekhako daMDI ane bANa tyAM ja parokSa bhUtakALano upayoga kare che jyAM pANini pramANe mAnya hoya. praziSTa gadyano srota praziSTa kAvya karatAM vegaLo che. pachInA srota dekhItI rIte mahAkAvya hatA kAraNa ke, mahAkAvyanI kavitA praziSTa kavitAnI agresara hatI. pANininA vyAkaraNamAM sajja evo jo koI kAlidAsa ane AraMbhanA kavionI pANininA vyAkaraNathI pathabhraSTatA noMdhe che to, tene jaNAze ke, moTAbhAganAM vimArgacalana mahAkAvyanI bhASAmAM Ave che. samApanamAM sAhityanI prAkRta bolInI pratinidhI pAlI sAtheno mahAkAvyanI bhASAnA saMbaMdhano vadhumAM vicAra karIe. dekhItI rIte ahIM dhvanyAtmaka phoneTIka parivartanone vicAraNAmAM letA nathI. paNa rUpone prayojavAnA saMdarbhamAM bahu ja moTo bheda AgaLa Ave che. pAlImAM apUrNa ane anadyatana varNananA ucitakAla che paNa temanA svarUpomAM eTalo badho gUMcavADo che ke kyAre vaiyAkaraNoe svecchAe Avo gUMcavADo dAkhala karyo ane, vibhakti pratyayAtta bhASAne eka chetarAmaNo dekhAva arpo jenA vize koI cokkasa niyama ghaDavo muzakela che. A ApaNI AgaLanI dekhItI hakIkato parathI e spaSTa che ke, prAcIna bhASAmAM ke jemAMthI pAlI vikase che anadyatana pracurapaNe prayojAto kAraNa ke, bhUtakALanA svarUpa ghaDataramAM eno moTo phALo hato. bIjI tarapha parokSa bahu ja jUja prayojAya che. kAraNa ke te pAlImAM ghaNI ochI vAra Ave che. paNa mahAkAvyonuM saMskRta AnAthI viparita citra Ape che. temAM parokSano prayoga pracura che ane thoDAMka kriyApadone, bAkAta rAkhato, anadyatanano prayoga ghaNo jUja che. AnA parathI ApaNe e tAraNa para AvI zakIe ke, mahAkAvyanuM saMskRta ane pAlI e bhASAnA be pravAhone rajU kare che je samAMtara che. eka ja srotamAMthI udbhavatA hovA chatAM temaNe potAno bheda jALavI rAkhyo. kAvyakaLA jemaNe mahAkAvya ane alaMkRta kavitA vAMcI che temane A banne vacceno bheda parakhAyo haze ja. paNa ucita kathanothI tene samajAvavo duSkara che. jo ApaNe ema kahIe ke, mahAkAvyano kavi vastunI vadhu kALajI rAkhe che jyAre paMDita kavi svarUpanI to AvAM

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harmana yAkobI kAvyo vizenuM A eka sarvadhAraNa vidhAna che. 61 paMDita kavi kavitAnuM saundarya vadhAranArAM ghaNAM upakaraNo sAthe kAma pADe che. to mahAkAvyano kavi paNa emAMnA sauthI vadhu mahattvanA evA upamAne enA bhinna bhinna svarUpamAM viniyoga karavAmAM kRpaNatA dAkhavato nathI. jo ApaNe jarmana mahAkAvyanA dhoraNathI rAmAyaNanuM mUlyAMkana karIe to, evuM jaNAze ke, ghaNAM bhavyAtmaka alaMkaraNothI te bharacaka dekhAze. bhAratIyo vAlmIkinI kAvyakaLAno pachInA mahAkavio sAthenA AMtarika saMbaMdhane kadI bhUlyA nathI. ane eTale, vAlmIki Adi kavi tarIke svIkRta banyA hatA. kharekhara to, huM mAnuM chuM ke, alaMkRta kavitA vAlmIkinA anuyAyIoe vistArelI kAvyakaLAnI zodhamAM kramazaH utkrAnta thaI che. ane jo huM, homaranA anuyAyIonA nAmanI sAthe samAnatAnI rIte, emano nirdeza karuM ke jemaNe vAlmIkinA kAvyanI vRddhi karI, ane chevaTe atyArano AkAra sAMpaDyo. mArI A avadhAraNAnA anumodanamAM, 6 zloko prakSipta che ke, mULanA che eno kaMI vicAra karyA vagara rAmAyaNamAMthI udAharaNo TAMkIza. A aMlakArano vikAsa ane tenI lokapriyatA darzAvaze. ane alaMkRta kavitAmAM jenuM prabhutva rahyuM che te, utkrAntinA AraMbhanA tabakkAo paNa darzAvaze. sau prathama to huM upamAnuM prAcurya darzAvuM chuM. 2-114mAM vyathita ayodhyAnuM varNana karavAmAM AvyuM che. te 16 zlokomAM che ane darekamAM potAnI bhavyatA jeNe gumAvI dIdhI che te nagara sAthenI sarakhAmaNI che. te ja pramANe AvI ja paristhiti pa-19 (2-19 chApabhUla che-anuvAdaka)mAM che. jyAM sItAnA baMdIvAsane 29 upamAothI varNavavAmAM Avyo che. A kevaLa potAnA uddezane pAra pADavA mATenI kAvyakaLAno sIdho sAdo viniyoga nathI paNa te svarUpamAM ja AnaMda prakaTa kare che. - upamA sAthe rUpaka gADha rIte saMkaLAyelo alaMkAra che. A potAnA prAthamika svarUpamAM, kAvyakaLAnuM atyaMta maulika svarUpa vartAya che te noMdha sAthe joDelAM udAharaNothI spaSTa thaze. e sarvavidita che ke, A mahAkAvyanI kavitAmAM pracura pramANamAM che. kalpanAne raMgIna banAvavA, atyaMta kuzaLatA sAthe rAmAyaNamAM Ano vAraMvAra prayoga karyo che. vAlmIki ane temanA anuyAyIo pachInA kavionI kaLAnI abhivyaktinI najIka Ave che tenAM thoDAM udAharaNo darzAvaze. viSAdanakrAdhyuSite paritrAsormimAlini / kiM mAM na trAyase magnAM vipule zokasAgare // 3-21-12 mantharAprabhavastIvraH kaikeyIgrAhasaMkulaH / varadAnamayo kSobhyo majjayacchokasAgaraH // 2-77-13

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100 rAmAyaNa A ja vicAra 2-59, 28 thI 31mAM AgaLa nirUpavAmAM Avyo che. rAmazokamahAvegaH sItAvirahapAragaH / / zvasitomimahAvarto bASpavegajalAvilaH // bahuvikSepamIno'sau vikranditamahAsvanaH / prakIrNakezazaivAla: kaikeyIvaDavAmukhaH / / mamAzruvegaprabhavaH kubjAvAkyamahAgrahaH / varavelo nRzaMsAyA rAmapravAjanA yataH / yasmin bata nimago'haM kausalye rAghavaM vinA // dustaro jIvatA devi mamAyaM zokasAgaraH / / koI kavibruvanI nimna racanA rUpakanI bhAta darzAve che, je kharekhara to hovI ja hotA na utA. 2-85, 15-20 dhyAnanirdarazailena viniHzvasitadhAtunA dainyapAdapasaGghana zokAyAsAdhizRGgiNA / pramohAnantasattvena santApauSadhiveNunA / AkrAnto duHkhazailena majjitA kaikeyIsutaH / samudranuM pahelAM AvI gaeluM kalpana pharIthI 6-7-20 vageremAM Ave che. zaktitomaramInaM ca vinikIrNAntazaivalam / (gajakacchapasaMbAdhamazvamaNDUkasaMkulAm // rudrAdityamahAgrAhaM marudvasu mahoragam / )63 / rathAzvagajatoyaudhaM padAtipulinaM mahat / anena hi samAsAdya devAnAM balasAgaram // 23. AgaLa pa7 vageremAM. sa candrakumudaM 4 ramyaM sArkakAraNDavaM zubham / tiSyazravaNakAdambaM abhrazaivAlazAdvalam // punarvasumahAmInaM5 lohitAGgamahAgraham / airAvatamahAdvIpaM svAtihaMsavilAsitam / /

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harmana yAkobI 101 vAtasaMghAtajalomi candrAMzuzizirAmbumat hanumAn aparizrAntaH pluve gaganArNavam // 6-58-28mA 59 mA nahAnu yitra che. hatavIraughavaprAM tu bhagnAyudhamahAdrumAm / zoNitaughamahAtoyAM yamasAgaragAminIm // yakRtaplIhamahApaGkAM vinikIrNAntrazaivalAm / bhinnakAyaziromInAM aGgAvayavazAdvatAm / gRdhrahaMsavarAkI) kaGkasArasasevitAm / tAM kApuruSadustArAM yuddhabhUmimayAM nadIm // vagaire. 6-97-11mAM kaMIka aMze juduM mAtaMgarathakUlazca zaramatsyA dhvajadrumAH / zarIrasaMghAtavahAH prasasuH zoNitApagAH / / tAvanu pani 6-85-15 mAve che. - vyAkozapadmavaktrANi padmakesaravarcasAm / adya yUthataTAkAni gajavat pramathAmyaham // 6-24-42- varNana sumanatha. mama cApamayIM vINAM sarakoNaiHpravAditAm / jyAzabdatumulAM ghorAM ArtagItamahAsvanAm // nArAcatAlasannAdAM nadImahitavAhinIm / avagAhya mahAraGgam vAdayiSyAmyahaM raNe // be vAra laMkAnI strI sAthenI sarakhAmaNI Ave che. vapraprAkArajaghanAM vipulAmbuvanAmbarAm / zataghnIzUlakezAntAM aTTAlakAvataMsakam // 5-2-21 tAM ratnavasanopetAM goSThAgArAvataMsakAm / yantrAgArastanI RddhAM pramadAmiva bhUSitAm // 5-3-18 samApanamAM keTalAMka rAmane mATe Ucita evAM kalpano.

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102 rAmAyaNa rAkSasendramahAsarpAn sa rAmagaruDo mahAn / uddhariSyati vegena vainateya ivoragAna / / 5-21-27 sarajAlAMzumAn sUraH kape rAmadivAkaraH / zatrurakSomayaM toyaM upazoSaM nayiSyati // 5-31-18 zarIranAbhisattvArciH zarAraM nemikArmukam / jyAghoSatalanirghoSaM tejobuddhiguNaprabham // divyAstraguNaparyantaM nighnantaM yudhi rAkSasAn / dadRzU rAmacakraM tat kAlacakramiva prajAH // 3-97-28 rAmavRkSaM raNe hanmi sItApuSpaphalapradam / prazAkhA yasya sugrIvo jAmbavAnkumudo nalaH // vagere 6-99-19 uddhata udAharaNo kavitAnA kSetramAM utkrAntino kharekharo mArga kayo hato te bharapura rIte darzAvaze. upari avatarita ghaNA zloko pachInA kavioe paNa racyA hoya evuM banI zake. game te hoya paNa Adarzano ugama vAlmIkimAM che, je zabdanA tenA yathArtha arthamAM koI paNa mahAna kavinI jema, prasthAnakartA kahI zakAya jemaNe, kAvyakaLAnA navA mArgo AMkI ApyA hoya. pachInI alaMkRta kavitAmAM vAraMvAra noMdhapAtra banatA rUpaka sivAyanA alaMkArono paNa te upayoga darzAve che. ApaNane 6-108-21mAM sahokti bhaNe che. tasya hastAddhatasyAzu kArmukaM cApi sAyakam / 10mA pRSTha para, ApaNe A zloka Apyo che. sAgaraM cAmbaraprakhyamambaraM sAgaropamam / sAgaraM cAmbaraM ceti nivizeSamadRzyata / / sampRktaM nabhasApyambhaH sampRktaM ca nabhombhasA / tAdRgrUpe sma dRzyete tArAratnasamAkule // saMkula ubhelA pa-10-13mAM Ave che. tvAM kRtvoparato manye rUpakartA sa vizvakRt / nahi rUpopamA (hya) anyA tavAsti zubhadarzane / /

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harmana yAkobI 103 pa-7-9mAM ekAvali maLe che. samApanamAM 4-30-45mAM eka noMdhapAtra zloka maLe che jemAM samAsokti che. A tripubha zlokomAM Ave che. paNa, govindarAja ane rAmavarmananI TIkAo dvArA anumodana maLe che. te A pramANe che. caJcaccandrakarasparzaharSonmIlitatArakA / aho rAgavatI sandhyA jahAtu svayamambaram // alaMkAronA dRSTibinduthI ja nahIM paNa keTalAka viSayonuM varNana ane pasaMdagI parathI para rAmAyaNa pachInI alaMkRta kavitAnuM purogAmI che. 17 varSARtunuM, 4-28nuM hemaMtanuM, 3-16nuM ziziranuM, 2-19nuM citrakUTanuM, 2-95nuM mandAkinInuM ane evAM varNano pachInA kALanI rucine anumodana ApanArAM che. pAMcamo kAMDa varNanomAM samRddha che jene kAraNe tene sundrA evuM nAma kadAca maLyuM hoya. AmAMnAM moTA bhAganAM varNano mULa kAvyanAM saMbhavataH nathI. niHzaMkapaNe, jagatI-triSTram padyo vize paNa Ave che. pachInA yamakonA prAraMbhika tabakkA 5-5-3, 4mAM ApaNane maLI zake. yA bhAti lakSmI vi mandarasthA yathA pradoSeSu ca sAgarasthA / tathaiva toyeSu ca puSkarasthA rarAja sA cArunizAkarasthA haMso yathA rAjata paJjarasthaH // 18 siMho yathA mandarakandarasthaH / vIro yathA garvitakuJjarasthaH candro'pi babhrAja tathA'mbarasthaH // bIjA zlokomAM kharekhara to yamakonuM mUlya nahIMvata hoya che, kAraNa ke te ja zabdonA te racAyelA hoya che, athavA vargonI saMpUrNa saMvAditA darzAvatA nathI. pachInA udAharaNamAM te ja sthaLe 13 ane 14mAM ApaNane maulika laya maLe che. dadarza kAntazca samAlabhantyaH tathA parAstatra punaH svapantyaH / surU pavaktrAzca tathA hasantyaH vRddhA para zApi vini:satva:

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104 rAmAyaNa mahAgajaizcApi tathA susadbhiH rarAja vIraizca viniHzvasadbhiH hRdA bhujaGgariva niHzvasadbhiH // pAMcamA kAMDanA pAMcamA ane sAtamA sargo A rUpamAM racAyA che. cothA kAMDanA 28mA sargamAM AvAM chUTAchavAyAM udAharaNo maLe che. triSTrabhu ane jagatImAM racAyelA A bhAgonI zailI ApaNane azvaghoSanA buddhacaritanI yAda apAve che. A buddhacaritano pahelA sarga sIlvana levIe Journal Asiatique 19, 211mAM varNavyo che. paNa atyaMta vikasita alaMkRta kavitA pAsethI apekSA rAkhIe te pramANe azvaghoSanAM paDyo vadhu saMskArAelAM che. yamakane saMbaMdha che tyAM sudhI 14-16 zlokone rAmAyaNamAMnA AvA zloko sAthe sarakhAvavA joIe. samAnatA noMdhapAtra che, paNa svarUpanI siddhi buddhacaritamAM vizeSa pramANamAM che. huM ahIM saMbaMdhita zloko utAruM chuM. udArasaMkhyaiH sacivairasaMkhyaiH kRtAgrabhAvaH sa udagrabhAvaH / zazI yathAbhirakRtAnyathAbhaiH zAkyendrarAjaH sutarAM rarAja // 14 // tasyAtizobhAvisRtAtizobhA raviprabhAvAstatamaHprabhAvA / samagradevinivahAnadevI babhUva mAyApagateva mAyA // 15 // prajAsu mAteva hitapravRttA gurau jane bhaktirivAnuvRttA // lakSmIrivAdhIzakule kRtAbhA jagatyabhUduttamadevatAbhA // 16 / / kAvyakaLAne lAge vaLage che tyAM sudhI chelle padya rAmAyaNanAM AvAM padonI samakakSa che, paNa ethI viparita pahelA banne vAlmIkinA koI paNa padya karatAM vadhu kRtrima che. kAvyakaLAnA vikAsa vize meM AraMbhathI je kaMI kahyuM tenuM jo koI vihaMgAvalokana kare to, svIkAravuM ja paDe ke laukika akRtrima mahAkAvya karatAM ghaNuM vikasita hatuM. ane

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harmana yAkobI 105 bhavya alaMkRta kavitAno bhaMga paNa joI zakIe chIe jemAM pachIthI atizaya saudaryanuM AropaNa thayuM. A arthamAM ApaNe paraMparA sAthe saMmata thaI zakIe ke te AdikAvya che. rAmAyaNanI vIragAthA have ApaNe 2 thI 6mAM AvatA pramANabhUta rAmAyaNanA kAMDo vizeno vicAra karIe. pahelo ja daSTikSepa darzAve che ke, te be taddana bhinna khaMDonuM racAyeluM che. pahelo bhAga ayodhyA kAMDane samAve che ane bahu ja asarakAraka Dhabe dazarathanA mahelamAMnI ghaTanAo ane vikAsa varNave che. ahIMyAM badhuM ja mAnavIya che ane svAbhAvika che. ahIM evuM kazuM ja nathI jene kapolakalpita gaNI zakAya. AvA prasaMgo bhAratanAM rAjakuTuMbomAM sAmAnya hatA. potAnA putrane rAjagAdI apAvavA rANI kAvatarAM kare che ane potAnA spardhakone duHkha pahocADe che. ikvAku rAjAonA kuTuMbamAM Avo prasaMga e AraMbhanI daMtakathAnI sAmagrI banI haze, ane, A saMdarbhamAM je vyaktio Ave che tene pratinidhi pAtronI chApa ApavAmAM AvI che. kathAnA A bhAgamAM koI Ane paurANika pArzvabhUmikA che ema aTakaLa nahi kare. jo rAmAyaNa bhAratanA pAchA AvavA sAthe puruM thayuM hota to, samagra kathA aitihAsika ghaTanA para AdhArita che evuM vicArI zakAta. evI ghaTanA ke, je aitihAsika kALamAM kharekhara ghaTI hoya.19 paNa bIjA bhAganI paristhiti taddana vegaLI che. tyAM sarva atiprAkRta ane kapolakalpita che. kevaLa kavinI pratibhA ke zraddhA ApaNane A sarva zakya che ema mAnavA prere che. dekhItI rIte, purAkathAoe bIjA bhAgane mULabhUta sAmagrI pUrI pADI. ApaNe jo rAmakathAnuM purAkathAnI daSTie arthaghaTana karavA mAgatA hoIe to pahelA bhAgane ApaNe lakSamAM ja levuM na joIe ane bIjA bhAga pUratuM ja maryAdita rahevuM joIe. paNa A viSayanI carcA ApaNe AraMbhIe te pahelAM ApaNe mukhya vAMdhAno nikAla karavo joIe. ApaNe evuM vidhAna karI zakIe ke bIjA bhAgamAM vAlmIkIe prAcIna kathAono upayoga karyo nahIM ane, potAnA mastiSkamAMthI sarva utpanna karyuM. paNa A avadhAraNA cheka sudhI ApaNe TakAvI zakIzuM nahIM. vAlI ane sugrIvanA prasaMgamAM rAma mahattvanI bhUmikA bhajave che kAraNa ke te jhADImAMthI bANa mArI vAlIne haNe che. zuM kavie AvI bhUmikA udAttatA ane dharmanA mUrtimaMta evA nAyakane arpI hota kharI jo te cokkasa kathAothI baMdhAyelA na hota to? kavie ane saMbhavataH pachInA kathAnAyakane A dekhIto virodha dhyAnamAM Avyo che ane tethI rAmanA A apakRtyane 4-17-18mAM suSu

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106 rAmAyaNa dalIlothI nyAyI TharAvavAno prayatna karyo che. niHsaMzaya A prasaMgamAM prAcIna kathA che jenI sAthe rAma saMkaLAyelA che. eTale avaziSTa kathA mATe judI avadhAraNA bAMdhavAnuM ApaNI pAse koI kAraNa nathI. A kathAnA mahatva vizeno mata sau prathama lesane (Indian Antiquity pR. 535) sUcavelo. A pramANe rAmAyaNamAM dakSiNa bhArata para AryonA vijaya ane vistAranI kathA che. brAhmaNa dharmanA zAMtipUrvakanA bhUtakALamAMthI vistArane dhArI le che. purohitonuM bhakSaNa karatA ane yajJamAM bhaMga paDAvavA rAkSaso jaMgalI jAtionuM pratinidhitva kare che. brAhmaNa-saMsthAo pratye dveSa dharAvatA vAnaro mULa nivAsIone rajU kare che. jeo ArmakSatriyonI sahAyamAM AgaLa AvyA ane, A mata AkarSaka che tenI nA pADI nahIM zakAya. paNa jo ApaNe ema pUchIe ke, rAma-kathAnuM arthaghaTana A mata pramANe karavuM joIe ke nahIM to, teno uttara ApaNane nakAramAM maLaze. kAraNa ke rAmanAM sarva sAhaso niSphaLa prayatno hatA. ane, te aMge koI kArya darzAvatAM nathI. vAnaro ane rAkSasonuM Adhipatya pahelAMnI jema cAlu rahe che, phakta bIjo vAnara ane bIjo rAkSasa rAjagAdI para Ave che. rAma koI paNa jagyAe AryarAjanI sthApanA karatA nathI ane, AvI yojanAnI zakyatAno vicAra paNa kyAMya Avato nathI. ane ApaNe jo svIkArIe ke rAmakathAe mahattva tyAre dhAraNa karyuM haze jayAre Aryoe dakSiNa bhArata para Adhipatya prApta karyuM. to dareka sthaLe pracalita paristhitinA udgamUno khulAso kathAmAMthI prApta thAya. paNa darzAvyuM che te pramANe, rAma-kathA evuM kazuM karatI nathI. e to susaMgatapaNe te matane vaLagI rahe che ke rAmanI dakSiNa bhArata paranI caDhAI pachI paNa Arya prabhutva kadI siddha thayuM nathI. vebare potAno mata (potAnA Literature Geschichte pR.-209) keTaleka aMze badalyo hato. te kahe che ke rAmAyaNanI kathAno AdhAra aitihAsika hakIkata che. khAsa karIne AryasaMskRtino dakSiNa taraphano khAsa karIne sIlona taraphano vikAsa. paNa A svarUpamAM paNa, rAmAyaNamAM AvatA ahevAlomAMthI rUpakAtmaka arthaghaTanane koI anumodana sAMpaDatuM nathI. kAraNa ke saMskRtinI bAbatamAM paNa rAmAyaNa ke rAmanI yAtrAne kAraNe AvelAM parivartana ke sudhArAne rAmAyaNa darzAvatuM nathI sivAya ke rAjayagAdI bacAvavI ane temAM parivartana lAvavuM. vaLI, rAmAyaNamAMthI maLatuM dakSiNa bhAratanuM citra paNa bahu spaSTa nathI enuM kAraNa e che ke kavinI bhaugolika kSitija bahu maryAdita hatI. te dakSiNanA brAhmaNa Azramone jANe che paNa kAlpanika prANIo ane mitronI bhUmi tarIke kavine te vadhAre jANItuM che.

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harmana yAkobI 107 eTale, ene bahu mahatva ApavAnI jarUra nathI. badhe ja sthaLe, rAkSaso vizenI kathAo je te bhUmipradezo pUratI maryAdita che. jemAMthI ApaNane temanI kevaLa hayAtI karatAM vizeSa koI mAhitI maLatI nathI. A kathAonI pArzva bhUmikA ati prAcIna pAku aitihAsika samaya che. ane tethI sthAnika mahattva vizenA sarva prayatno bAjue dhakelAI jAya. vadhumAM yajJono nAza karanArA rAkSaso saMpUrNapaNe kaMI dakSiNa bhAratanA ja che evuM nathI. apekSAe pachInA evA pahelA kAMDanA rAjAnI sahAyathI vizvAmitra rAkSasonA humalAthI potAne bacAvatA ApaNe joIe chIe ane teno Azrama to cokkasa uttaranA Arya bhAratamAM hato. 65-66mAM pRSTha para meM Tolboya vahIlaranA matanuM khaMDana karyuM che. vahIlaranA matamAM rAmAyaNamAM bauddha dharma paratve dveSanuM citra maLe che. meM tyAM je carcA karI che tene joI zakAya. meM evo mata darzAvyo che ke, rAmAyaNa koI rUpakAtmaka kAvya nathI. ApaNane AvI koI samajUtInI AvazyakatA nathI. kAraNa ke, huM have darzAvIza te pramANe bhAratIya purANakathAothI paricita banelAM pAtrone ApaNe A kathAnAM mukhya pAtromAM oLakhI zakIe tema chIe. athavA to, tenI sAtheno saMbaMdha darzAvI zakIe tema chIe. svarUpamAM pratIkAtmaka hovAthI, badhI vigatomAM kathAo samajAvIza nahIM. AvuM kArya enjalo DI gubaraneTIe potAnI sarjanAtmaka zaktithI potAnA pustaka 'die in der indo Thiere, german ischen mythologie mAM khAsa karIne prakaraNa 1, 2 ane 9mAM siddha karavAno prayatna karyo che, paNa tyAM te saphaLa thayA nathI. AnuM kAraNa e che ke, AvAM varNanomAM viziSTa lAkSaNikatAo zodhI kADhIe to paNa, ApaNe cokkasa hoI na zakIe ke, A lAkSaNikatAo mULa purAkathAnI che ke pachInA kathAkAronI vaibhavI kalpanAnI nipaja che. eTale, ApaNe e vicArathI saMtoSa mAnavo paDe ke kathAnAM pAtro purANakathAnAM pAtrono saMdarbha Ape che. ane jo kathAnAM pAtrone, prakRtinAM pratIkothI samajAvavAno prayatna kare to gaI peDhInA tattvaciMtakonI jema vicAronA ATApATAnI ramatathI te muMjhAI javAno che. gaI peDhInA A tattvacintako evA hatA jeo kaMIka lAvI zake to laI AvavAmAM mAnatA. teo haMmelanA tattvaciMtananA vyApaka mathALAo heThaLa je lAvI zake te lAvI detA. ApaNe sItAthI anveSaNano AraMbha karIe chIe. sItAnA paurANika lakSaNa vize to koI zaMkA che nahIM. RgvadamAM9 (4-57-6,7) cAsa jene sItA kahevAmAM Ave che tenI pUjA Ave che. A pUjAnuM mAnavIya svarUpa che. pachInA vaidika graMthomAM vebare khAsa karIne kauzikasUtranA abhUtAdhyAyamAM ane pAraskara gRhya sUtramAM kheDAyelI bhUminI devI

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108 rAmAyaNa tarIke sItAne pUjavAmAM Ave che te darzAvyuM che. sItA atyaMta sundara che, ane indra ane parjanyanI patnI tarIke paNa teno ullekha karavAmAM Avyo che. rAmAyaNanI sItA ane vaidika sAhityanI sItA eka ja che e bAbatamAM zaMkA nathI. janaka rAjA eka vakhata 166mAM jamIna kheDatA hatA tyAre te astitvamAM Ave che. ane 7-97mAM pharIthI mAtA pRthvInA khoLAmAM adazya thaI jAya che. sItAne gRhya sUtromAM indra ke parjanyanI patnI kahI che. eTale rAma indra-parjanyanuM svarUpa hovA joIe, jenA vize pAchaLathI ApaNe vAta karIzu. eTale rAma-rAvaNanuM yuddha kharekhara to indra ane duSkALanA rAkSasa vRtra sAtheno saMgharSa hato. vRtranI rAvaNa sAthenI ekatA darzAvavA evuM koI jaNAvI zake che, teno putra jeno purANakathA pramANe tenA vyaktitvanuM eka pAsuM gaNI zakAya-vijetA che ane indra para vijaya meLavyo che. eTale, te Indrajita athavA indrazatru che. IndrajitanA mULa nAma meghanAdano lagabhaga ullekha thayo nathI. (7-12) rAvaNano bhAI kuMbhakarNa guphAmAM rahe che. A vedamAM maLatA vRtranA varNananI yAda apAve che. rAvaNanI sauthI mahattvanI pravRtti sItAharaNanI che. A yuddhanuM anivArya kAraNa hatuM. A hakIkatane paNa vaidika kalpanAno AdhAra che. indranA koI paNa zatrue tenI patnI chinavI lIdhI nathI. paNa paNio pANInA pravAhane rUMdhe che. teo gAyonAM ToLAne hAMkI gayA che ane parvatonI guphAmAM rokI rAkhyAM che. vaidika samayanA bharavADo mATe je gAyo che. e pachInA kRSikAro mATe pAkanuM khetara hatuM. duSkALanA rAkSasanI duceSTA e sItAnA apaharaNa samAna vicArI zakAya. A eka pAtrane AgaLa lAve che ane te che hanumatuM. temanA purAkathAnA pAtranI samucita samaja mATe, ApaNe e hakIkatane mahattva ApavuM joIe ke, temane gAmaDAnA kuLadevatA tarIke samajavAmAM Ave che. sara AphreDa sI. lyAla potAnA, Asiatic StudiesnA pRSTha 13 para A pramANe kahe che. "hanumAna eka pavitra vAnaramAMthI vIratA bharI kathAo ane jaMgalanI bephAma daMtakathAonA dhummasamAMthI sArvatrika grAmavistAranA kuLadevatAnA pada sudhI pahoMcyA che. gAmanI vacce tenI mUrtinI sthApanA e bAhya dekhAtuM nizcita vasavATanuM cihna ane pratIka che. te dareka gAmamAM hoya che. mahAkAvya pramANe hanumAnanA pAtramAM evuM kazuM ja nathI je temane atyAranI samasta bhAratamAM svIkRta sthitie lAvI mUke. eTale rAmAyaNano to,A pAtranA vikAsamAM koI phALo nathI. eTale, tenI mULa prakRtimAM kazuMka evuM hovuM joIe. pratIkAtmaka lakSaNe gAmaDAnA kuladevatAnI mAnyatA apAvI hovI joIe. eTale, teno khetI sAthe saMbaMdha hovo joIe jenA para grAmasamAjano AdhAra che. mArI aTakaLa che ke te varSonA deva che. eTale, dareka gAmamAM pUjAvAnI te kSamatA dharAve che. kAraNa ke, e jANItuM che ke, vilaMbita ke, Acho varasAda jarUriyAto athavA duSkALa laI Ave che. ane, phasalanI pUrI saphaLatAno AdhAra

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harmana yAkobI 109 varasAda pUratA pramANamAM yogyasamaye Ave che ke nahIM tenA para che. jo hanumatu varSAnuM pratinidhitva karatA hoya to temane pavana sAthe kaMIka saMbaMdha hovo joIe. A pavana vArSika varasAda lAve che. ane vAdaLo paNa lAve che ke, varSA varSAve che. rAmAyaNanA hanumAnanA pAtramAM A lakSaNo ApaNane jaNAya che. te pavanadevano putra che. eTale, tenuM vizeSaNa marutAtmaja ane mAruti che. anya sarva vAnaronI jema te koI paNa majAnuM svarUpa dhAraNa karI zake che, te vAdaLonI jema marUfpanuM che. vAdaLanI jema te sItAne zodhavA mATe seMkaDo mAIla samudra upara aMtarikSamAM UDe che. sItA paNa khetInuM pratinidhitva kare che ane chevaTe tene zodhI kADhe che. tene dUranA dakSiNamAMthI lAvavAmAM AvI che jyAMthI varSA Ave che. rAma potAnA kAryamAM vAnaro eTale ke vAdaLonI sahAyathI saphaLa thAya che. A vAdaLo varSe che. Ama hanuman kRSinA deva hovAthI ApaNe tene mULa rahevAsI, AdivAsIonA paNa deva gaNI zakIe. paNa saMskRta nAma hanumanta tenI viruddhanuM che jeno artha thAya che jene hanu che. A artha pramANe IndranuM-ziprin, zikhavatu A vizeSaNa che. nirukata 617 samajAve che te zive hanU nAma vA. alabatta ApaNe e jANatA nathI ke A hanunuM paurANika mahattva zuM che paNa Indrane lAgu pADavAmAM Ave che. Indra varSA sAthe saMbaMdhita che. eTale saMbhava che ke, hanumAnanI paNa e ja vizeSatA hovAthI, te paNa varSonA deva hoI zake. ahIM ApaNe hanumAnanA Indra sAthe saMbaMdha joDatA paurANika saMdarbhane ullekhI zakIe. hanumAne samudra pAra karyA pachI sItAnI zodha RgvadamAM 10-108mAM varNavAyelI saramAnI pravRttinuM smaraNa karAve che. saramA rasAnAM jaLa pAra kare che. (tathA rasAyA ataram si) ane dUra paNithI rakSAelo khajAno jue che. (TUra dhvI nari: parva:) je ene Indra mATe yuddhanI bheTa rUpe pAcho meLavavo che. have, saramA ane hanumata, rasA ane samudra, paNiono khajAno ane sItA temaja paNi ane rAkSaso evI samAnatA che. e dekhItuM che ke A banne purAkathAonuM ekasarakhuM to nirupaNa thaI zake nahIM : chatAM mAre bhArapUrvaka kahevuM joIe eka bIjAmAMthI vikasI che. huM mAnuM chuM ke banne purAkathA mULabhUta vicAra tarapha jAya che ane bhinna AkAro sAthe utkrAnta thaI che. rAmAyaNa pote paNa AvA saMbaMdhonA saMketa jALavI rAkhe che. 6-33-34 para (alabatta dvitIya kakSAnuM prakSepaNa, pR.54 para juo) sItAne AzvAsana ApavA eka saramA nAmanI rAkSasI Ave che. rAvaNanA jAduI prapaMcone kAraNe sItAne evI khAtarI thaI gaI che ke, rAma ane temanA anuyAyIo sarva mAryA gayA che. saramA sItAne rahasya kahe che ke rAvaNe zuM karavAno nizcaya karyo che, zuM karI nAkhyuM che. ane vacana Ape che ke tenI bhaviSyanI

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110 rAmAyaNa pravRttio vize te mAhitI ekatra karIne temane jaNAvaze. ahIMyAM ApaNane vaidika saramA kathAnA aMtima tabakkAno vikAsa dekhAya che. ApaNe rAma9 ane Indra-parjanyane eka gayA che, ane darzAvyuM che ke, Indra-kathAnI samAMtara rAma-kathA cAle che. vaLI e paNa zakya che ke mULamAM rAma Indra sAthe joDAyelA na paNa hoya paNa dvitIya kakSAe, Indra-kathAne parivartita svarUpanA rAma para lAdavAmAM AvI hoya. jo rAma ane Indrane ekarUpa na gaNavA hoya to rAmanuM purAkathAtmaka svarUpa darzAvavuM paDe, jethI te saMbhavita lAge. paNa jo sUrya-devatA ane evA sArvatrika prakAro vize vicAra karAya to ja e zakya bane. A rIte sarvane maryAdita karI zakIe. A rIte rAmanA Indra sAthenA svAbhAvika saMbaMdhanI dhAraNA rAkhI zakAya ane e rIte rAma e IndranuM sthAnika svarUpa bane che. e evuM sthAnika svarUpa ke jemAM, khetI karatA lokoe vaidika kALathI Dhora ucheratI prajAmAM pracalita ane IndramAMja svAbhAvika abhivyakti sAdhI hoya tevA vicArone dAkhala karyA hoya. te kRSi sAthe gADha saMbaMdha dharAve che te bIjI hakIkatathI paNa pramANita thAya che. sItA je kheDAyelI jamInanuM vyaktIkaraNa che ke, temanI patnI che. vebare Uberden RamayanamAM pR. 7 para darzAvyuM che te pramANe rAmano A prakArano saMbaMdha e ja prakRti dharAvatA kRSNanA bhAI rAma-haLa dhAraNa karanAra (halinuM, halabhUta, halAyudha, lAbalinuM vagere) sAthe dharAve che, jene balarAma, baladeva ane bala nAmathI oLakhavAmAM Ave che. balarAmanI kathA ApaNA rAmathI bhale bhinna vartAtI hoya paNa saMparkanAM be noMdhapAtra binduo che. balarAma rAkSasa dhenukane pa mArI nAkhe che. dhenu, gardabhanuM svarUpa dhAraNa karyuM che. jyAre bIjA rAma rAkSasa kharane- gardabhane mArI nAkhe che. vaLI, te dvivida rAkSasane ane harivaMza pa-9802 pramANe maindane haNe che. paNa ApaNI rAmakathAmAM banne vAnara tarIke Ave che ane rAma pakSe che. eTale evuM dhAravuM jokhamI nahIM gaNAya ke, banne rAmanA lokapriya daivIpaNAnA pAyAmAM kRSikAra che. AkhI kathA rAmakathA tarIke vikasI che, pazcimamAM haLadhArI ane pUrvamAM rAvaNane jitanAra rAma tarIke, jo A sAcuM hoya to ApaNane balarAmamAM evAM lakSaNo maLavAM joIe ke saMbhavataH IndranAM hoya, kAraNake amArA mata pramANe mULa rAma IndranuM ja eka bhinna svarUpa che. kharekhara evuM sarvasAdhAraNa lakSaNa zodhI kaDhAyuM che, pIvAnI tenI IcchA jenuM balarAmane svabhAvathI vyasana che. (viSNupurANa 5-25-5 (virATarSan gavApAtra purAtana) pachInA bhAratIyone madirApAnanI jeTalI vadhu manAI pharamAvavAmAM AvI che teTalAM vadhu madirApAna bhAratIyo potAnA priya devomAMnA ekane arpaNa kare che. eTale, e tAraNa para AvavuM

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harmana yAkobI 111 paDe ke balarAmano madirApAna prema eka sahaja-vaidika IndranA A prakAranA valaNanA jAtigata saMdarbhamAM, jarA paNa durguNa gaNavAmAM Avato nahi. mahAkAvyanI kathA eka trIjA rAmane paNa jANe che. jamadagninA bhayaMkara putrane ke jeNe potAnI mAtA reNukAnI hatyA karI, ane pRthvIne 21 vAra nakSatrI banAvI. te pramANe, A traNe rAmomAM A sauthI moTA che ema tene mAnyatA Ape che. kRSiviSayaka koI saMdarbha Avato nathI. purANakathAnA utsAhI abhyAsIo reNukA-dhULabharelInI hatyAnuM arthaghaTana evuM karI zake ke, haLathI pRthvIne kheDavI ane pRthvIne vAraMvAra nakSatrI karavI eTale, phasala laNavI. ane, kSetra ane kSatra bannenA uccAronI samAnatA ane mATe javAbadAra hatI. paNa AvA arthadhaTananA anumodanamAM koI sabaLa pramANa nahIM hovAthI AnuM koI khAsa mUlya nathI. ApaNI anveSaNA mATe paNa enI ghaNI ochI mUlyavattA che. parazurAma viSNunA chaThThA avatAra tarIke mAnyatA pAmyA. teo kharekhara vyakti hatA ke kRSinA deva hatA ema vicAra thaI zake. paNa, ApaNe emane citramAMthI dUra karIe chIe. eka bIjI hakIkata paNa lokapriya deva rAmanI prAcInatA pUravAra kare che. pachInA samayanI jema, vaidika kALamAM paNa ghaNI vyaktionuM rAma nAma ApavAmAM AvyuM che. jemake R. ve. 10-93-14, zata. brA. 4-6-1.7 ane e. bA. 7-34. te haju prAcIna kALamAM jaI zake ane bhAropIya deva banI zake. AvuM tyAre ja banI zake jo ApaNe avestAnA pavanadeva rAmanuM kavArDsa sAthe kaMIka saMbaMdha darzAvI zakIe. A deva ghaNIvAra mizra sAthe Ave che. spIgela tenA vize kahe che. pavananI vAyu tarIke 15mI gAthAmAM tenI khAsa prazaMsA karavAmAM AvI che. tenAM lakSaNo pramANe vAyunuM varNana gAthA 15.54-57mAM karavAmAM AvyuM che. te eka zaktizALI ane kAryazIla deva che. sAthe sAthe, te zaktizALIomAM sauthI vadhu jhaDapI che. tenuM sonerI bazvara che, sonerI ratha7 ane sonerI paiDuM che. eTale to yuddhabhUmi para (15.49 gAthA) tenuM AhavAna karavAmAM Ave che. tenuM vIra yoddhA tarIkenuM lakSaNa e hakIkatathI samarthita thAya che ke prAcInakALanA vIra puruSo tenuM AhvAna kare che ane temane te vijaya apAve che. zuM bhAratIya rAmaindranI sAthe avestAnA pavanadeva rAmanuM eka ja srotamAMthI udbhavyA che ? banne dezo ekarUpa nahIM to paNa najIkanA hovAthI A zakyatAne nakArI zakAtI nathI. avestAno devatAvAda sthira lakSaNa nahIM dharAvato hovAthI koIpaNa nirNaya para AvavuM zakya nathI. paNa huM eka hakIkatano nirdeza karIza, rAmanuM mizra sAthe, te ja rIte rAma lakSmaNa sAthe, balarAma kRSNa sAthe ane indra puSan sAthe RgvadamAM sItAnA AhavAnamAM joDAyelA che

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112 rAmAyaNa ane lakSmaNanA paurANika lakSaNa vize kaMI ja kahI zakAya tema nathI. te kevaLa rAmano sAco mitra ane anuyAyI che. te potAnA bhAInI AjJAnuM ja anusaraNa kare che. tenuM saumitrI-sumitrAno putra nAma zuM tene mitra sAthe joDI zake? tenuM sAcuM nAma lakSmaNa je rAkSasothI (rAkSasa:) bacAve te sUcavI zake. A pramANenI bhUmikA, te rAmakathAmAM bhajavato jaNAya che. te ja pramANe sugrIva (sUryano putra) ane vAlim (Indrano putra)nI kathAne paNa ApaNe avyAkhyAyita choDIzuM. ahIM RgvadanA vRSAkapino vicAra karI zakAya jenA vize indra kahe che. Isaro vacce rAvISam ne su sukRti muvam (10-86-5) eka tarapha sUkata pramANe indra vRSAkapine haNato nathI. paNa bIjI tarapha meM zaMkA darzAvI che ke vRSAkapi e kharekhara paurANika pAtra che. rAma-kathAnA pachInA vikAsa vize kazuMya kahyA vagara ApaNe A carco bhAgye ja samApta karI zakIzuM. vebare potAnA graMthamAM pR. 9 para rAmacandra nAmamAM Ave che te pramANe rAmano candra sAthe saMbaMdha samajAvyo che A sItAkyArI sAthe bIjI sItAne ANavAmAM AvI che. tai. bA. 2-3-10 pramANe sItA rAjA somane cAhatI ane, tene prApta kare te hetuthI sItAne alaMkArothI tenA pitAe vibhUSita karI hatI. rAmAyaNamAM barAbara te ja rIte sItAne suMdara aMgarAga atrinAM patnI (2-128-18) anasUyA pAsethI maLelo... AvuM mizraNa (daMtakathAonuM) e pariNAma darzAve ke rAjA soma rAma sAthe joDAI gayA. paNa A saMbaMdha vize kazuMya kahI zakAya tevuM rAmAyaNamAM kazuM cokkasa nathI. rAmAyaNanA sonerI mRganI vArtAnA vicAra sAthe, tenI kaMI levAdevA che enuM mAre mATe nagaNya mUlya che. rAmanI viSNu sAthe ekarUpatA, keTalake aMze mahattvanI ane pachInA samayane samajavA mATe nirNayAtmaka che, ApaNe joyuM che ke mULa kAvyane A vicAra AgaMtuka che.79 paNa ghaNA samaya sudhI te upasI nahIM. te mULa kAMDonA pUraka bhAgomAM maLe che. paNa Adi ane uttarakAMDamAM pachIthI umerAI che. viSNunI sArvatrika pUjA rAmAyaNamAM viSNu bhaktinA phelAvA mATe javAbadAra che. prazna e che ke, te kevI rIte ahIM udbhavI. kAraNa ke, vaidika kALathI viSNu pote, e parivartanono bhoga banyA che. RgvadamAM te mahattvanA deva nathI. jo ke temanA para vaidika paddhatie ucca guNo AropavAmAM Ave che. muIre potAnA pustaka Original TextnA cothA khaMDamAM, RgvadamAMthI viSNu viSayaka sarva khaMDo ekatra karyA che. te spaSTapaNe ullekha che ke anya devonI tulanAmAM (prakaraNa 2, vibhAga 2)

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harmana yAkobI 113 RgvadanAM sUktomAM viSNu gauNa sthAna roke che. paNa e noMdhapAtra che ke, te Indra sAthe ghaNI vAra Ave che. kAraNa ke, eka deva bIjA devane sahAya kare che. pachInA kALamAM, A saMbaMdha haju vadhu UMDo che. AnA pariNAme, IndranA nAnA bhAI-upendra tarIke viSNu Ave che. ane bannene hari kahevAmAM Ave che. ApaNe e jANatA nathI ke, kevI rIte viSNubhakti lokapriya thaI ane IndranuM dhArmika mahattva kevI rIte vadhune vadhu ghaTavA mAMDyuM. e cokkasa hatuM ke, A prakriyAmAM IndranAM ghaNAM lakSaNo viSNu1, para Aropita thavA lAgyAM, khAsa karIne, te rAkSasomAM zatru-tyAri bane che, je bhUmikA vedomAM IndranI che. have te ja prakriyA rAmanI bAbatamAM punarAvartita karavAmAM AvelI jaNAya che. mArI mAnyatA pramANe rAma IndranuM paurANika parivartana che. A hakIkatanI purANakathAnA AvA lakSaNane kAraNe prAraMbha thayelo. e lakSaNa hatuM rAkSaso parano vijaya. paNa rAma viSNu na hatA. te viSNunA devanA uccatama avatAra hatA. A svarUpamAM bhAratIyoe tenI pUjA karI che. ane haju paNa tenA tarapha bhakti bhAva dharAve che. A deva ghaNA AkAromAM bhAratIya samakSa Ave che. sarvocca devanA mUrta svarUpa rAmamAM zraddhA e dharma bhAvanAno mULabhUta siddhAnta che, ane jeNe zaivadharmanI bharatI ane tenI ayogya vahemo ane durguNone phelAtA aTakAvelA. rAmamAMnI zraddhAe hindustAnanA madhyakALanA sauthI mahAna kavi tulasIdAsane preraNA ApI che. jemaNe rAmAyaNa athavA rAmacarita mAnasa racyuM. rAmacaritamAnasa je enuM kharuM nAma che. A rAmacaritamAnasa haju sudhI karoDo hinduonuM bAIbala banI rahyuM che. 2 pAdaTIpa rAma ane viSNunA abhedane rAmAyaNanA brAhmaNoe karelA parivartananA pUrAvA tarIke prastuta karavAmAM Ave che. A mULamAM kSatriyo mATe abhipreta hatuM. paNa ethI UlaTuM brAhmaNo tAkatavara banI rahelA bauddhadharma sAme viSNuno mahimA AgaLa kare che. paNa viSNu-saMpradAya mULamAM zivasaMpradAya ane anya lokapriya saMpradAyonI jema brAhmaNavAdathI svataMtra hato. jemAM brAhmaNoe ja tene mAnyatA ApelI ane brAhmaNa dhArmika vicAro sAthe tene bheLavI devAmAM AvelA. A e ja rIte baneluM je rIte jAtigata viziSTatAo jevI ke satIprathA, vRddhanuM vAnaprasthAzramamAM nirgamana, (vRddha vyakti dvArA pote ekatra karelI saMpatti vArasadArane soMpavAnI bAbatamAM) ane bIjA evAne dhArmika mAnyatA ApavAmAM AvatI. lokapriya saMpradAyone cokkasa mAnyatA ApavAmAM AvatI kAraNa ke emane TALI na zakAya ane bauddha dharmanA jhajhUmatA bhaya sAthe kazI ja levAdevA nathI.

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114 rAmAyaNa je kharekhara vadhAre bhayaprada che te IslAmano zuM brAhmaNadharme upAya karyo che? brAhmaNadharma ane bauddhadharma vacceno AdhyAtmika ane anya sAdhanothI thaelo saMgharSa sAbita thaI zake tema nathI. keTalAkane viSNune brAhmaNonA deva tarIke jovAnuM gamyu che. paNa ziva paNa jarA paNa ochA UtaratA aMze nathI. zukla yajurvedanA brAhmaNamAM vAhiko agnine bhava kahe che. ane prAcyo ethI UlaTuM zarva kahe che. (vebara, inDiyana lITarecara, pR. 194 paranI noMdha.) pachI bhava ane zarva e rudra-zivanAM nAma che. ane ziva sarva devomAM sauthI vadhu brAhmaNiyA agni sAthe ekarUpa che. nIlalohita evA vizeSaNathI paNa tene darzAvavAmAM Ave che. bIjA devonuM paNa temanI (ziva) sAthe saMmizraNa thayuM che tenI nA pADI zakAze nahIM. paNa viSNu mATe paNa A vAta sAcI che. ziva ane viSNu saMpradAyone temanA anuyAyIonI jJAti sAthe koI levAdevA nathI paNa megAsthanisa pramANe medAnanA rahevAsIo hakaryulIsa-kRSNane bhajatA ane parvatIya pradezanA loko DAonIsIasa-zivane pUjatA. rAmAyaNamAM 1-4-5-17mAM kuza-lavane khuzItavI kahevAmAM AvyA che. rAmAyaNano pATha karavo jenA mATe pharajiyAta hato te, mahAkAvyanA gAyakanA sthAna vize, kuza ane lava aMgenA khaMDo 1-4, 7-11, 93-94 atyaMta mahattvanA che. 7-93-8 parathI eTaluM to cokkasa jaNAya che ke, teo pravAsa karanAra vyaktio hatI. 7-93-10mAM evI rasaprada sUcanA ApavAmAM AvI che ke, dararoja vIsa sargonuM to dAna karavuM ja. 6-128-15pathI evuM supratipAdita thatuM nathI ke, mULamAM A kathAgAyako brAhmaNa hatA. ane A upasaMhAra khaMDa pachIno che. pa-120mAM kAvyanI nakala utAravAno ullekha che. te ja pramANe 7-111no upasaMhAra paNa moDo che. kAraNa ke tyAM vAvavanno ullekha che. vadhu kRtrima kavitA udbhavatAM ane, tenuM kheDANa anya sAhityavartuLomAM thayA pachI, ane lipie vyavahAru upayoga prApta karyA pachI, pariNAme, kathAkAronI sthitinuM avapatana thayuM. pachI, maukhika rIte jaLavAelI paraMparA lekhita dastAvejamAM pariNamI. 1-4-20mAM munie ApelI sAdI bheTo kuza ane lava svIkAre che paNa, rAmacandra 7-9419mAM ApelI vIMTIno asvIkAra kare che. mahAkAvyanA gAyakonA atyAranA vaMzajo vize Ara. sI. Tempala kahe che (lejeDjha oNpha dhI paMjAba, bhAga 1 pR. 10) ke te paisA mATe jarUra kaLA prastuta kare che. temanA ghaNA durguNo ane doSo che paNa, lobha emanAmAM nathI. juo mUra, orijInala saMskRta TesTa vaoNlyuma 4, pR. 175 ane 441 moniyara viliansa dvArA uddhata, kalakattA rIvyu 4pamAM Ara. ena. kasTa, inDIana epIka poeTrInI noMdha ane InDIana vIDama, bIjI AvRtti pR. 337 noMdha-1. 2-56-16 pramANe vAlmIki citrakuTa rahetA hatA. paNa bImAM A khaMDa nathI ane cokkasa e bIjI vakhatano umero che. adhyAtma rAmAyaNa 2-6-64 pramANe vAlmIki janmathI brAhmaNa hatA. AraMbhamAM to, teo kirAto vacce jIvyA, pachI lUMTArAonI sobate caDhyA ane pote luTAro banyA. zUdra patnIthI 3. 5.

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harmana yAkobI 115 temaNe ghaNA putro hatA. saptarSione kAraNe teo pavitra banyA. te ja pramANe atyAranI paramparA. vebara temanA rAmAyaNa pR. 9, noMdha 2 para jaNAve che tema, rAmAyaNamAM AmAMnuM kazuM ja nathI. paNa bhavabhUtimAM Ave che ane, paramparA prAcIna haze ane satyano aMza hoya paNa kharo. evuM jaNAya che ke temanAmAM parivartana AvyuM te pahelAM temanA vize kaMI khAsa Adara hato nahIM. e temanA nIcA darajjAthI jaNAya che. gAyakone AmAM AnaMda Avato. kaMIka aMze, teo vAlmIkinA ja pratinidhi hatA, je eka purAkathAnuM pAtra banI gayA. 1-4-28mAM kuza ane lava, kuzIlavonA Adi gAyako kahevAmAM AvyA che. prazImAnI sarvatra vata tatra yau 1 rathyAsu pAnamAthu Tarna bharatAthana: ahIM sabhAnA gAyako vizenuM kathana nathI. lokomAM temanI kIrtithI rAjAne temanuM smaraNa thAya nahIM. vAlmIkie kuzIlavAnI yogyatA vize kahyuM che te parathI paNa, sUtothI te bhinna che ema jaNAya che. 10. mithilA ane vizAlA e beu nagaro ekabIjAnI bahu najIka che. paNa teo para bhinna rAjavIonuM zAsana hatuM. mithilA para janakanuM ane vizAlA para sumatinuM zAsana hatuM. juo 1-47 ane 48. bauddha samaya daramyAna vaizAlInI sAthe sAthe banne nagaro vikasyAM. vaizAlImAM lIcchavIonuM jUthazAsana hatuM. juo karnanuM buddhijhama. nagaranA madhyabhAgane kur3agrAma kahevAmAM AvatuM. mahAvIranA pitA siddhArtha jayAM nyAyAdhIza hatA. 11. ApaNe zatrughna ane bharata-lakSmaNanA (7-70, 101, 102) putronA mulkone gaNatarImAM na laIe, kAraNa ke A daMtakathAo pachInA samayanI che. paNa pazcimanA aMtima cheDA sudhI thayelA rAmAyaNanA vistAranI sAhedI pUre che. e noMdhapAtra che ke, dazarathanI rANI kaikeyI dUra dezamAMthI Ave che. kAraNa ke kaikayo bIAsa ane ravi nadInA uparavAsamAM rahetA hatA. rAmAyaNanA kendra sAthe kaikeyInuM nAma ATaluM nikaTatAthI joDAyeluM na hota to, koI evI paNa aTakaLa karI zakata ke magadhanI rAjadhAnI givrija ke rAjagRhanI jagyAe kekanI rAjadhAnI mUkavAmAM AvI che. Ane paNa 2-68-6 ane bIjI jagyAe rAjagRha ane 2-68-21mAM giridhvaja nAma ApavAmAM AvyuM che. magadha ane kozala e be vaccenA kauTuMbika kalahanuM pratibiMba pADatI kaikeyInI bhUmikAne paNa zodhI zakAya. paNa haju smRtimAM tAjuM hatuM ke, izvAku rAjAo dUranA pUrvamAM uddabhavyA hatA. 2-68-17mAM zatrune maLatI ikSamatIno ikvAku rAjavIonA pUrvajonA nivAsanI hovAno ullekha che. (fpatRpaitAmaha puSpAM tetarikSamatIM navI) prAcIna samayamAM teo kekeyonA pADozIo hatA. dazarathane kaikeyI patnI tarIke maLI teno A rIte khulAso thAya che. vebara potAnA rAmAyaNa paranA graMthanAM nIcenA lAMbA khaMDo tarapha dhyAna khece che. mahAbhArata 311177-11219, 3-2224-2247, 12-944-955.66mA pAna para rAmAyaNa ane mahAbhAratamAMthI samAna khaMDo udhRta karyA che, je kauMsamAM darzAvavAmAM AvyA che. tenA parathI banne graMthomAM keTale aMze samAnatA che teno khyAla Ave che. 13. madhyabhAganuM caraNa kavie karelo prakSepa che ane tene udhRta karyuM che. ane tethI, rAmAyaNa-pAThamAM teno Akasmika lopa nathI. kAraNa ke (1) Akho ane nahIM ke Akho ane bIjo aDadho zloka

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rAmAyaNa TAMkavo joIe. (2) manuSya mANasa nahIM paNa rAkSasa indrajituM rAmAyaNamAM bole che. (3) 'sarvakAla" ane "sadA' e zabdANutA (Pleonasm)nuM udAharaNa che. jenA mATe kavine javAbadAra lakhavo joIe. kavie mahattvano vicAra vyakta karavA pUrI paMkti to racavI ja joIe. 14. A huM cokkasapaNe eTale kahI zakuM chuM ke pro. oNpheTe rAmAyaNa (baoNmbe AvRtti)nA zlokonA AraMbhanI yAdI taiyAra karI che, ane mane mAhitI ApI che ke, A uparyukta zloka AmAM nathI. eTale mArA taraphathI thanArI bhUlanI zakyatAnI bAdabAkI thAya che. juo mahAbhArata 1-307 =1-2-37 anAzrityedamAkhyAnaM kathA bhuvi na vidyate / AhAramanapAzritya zarIrasyeva dhAraNam / / abhivyaktimAM paNa samAnatA maLe che. 1-38-2mAM pragAima: sa vAga: ane 6-58-5mAM bhImaM mInaparIkramanuM ApaNe vAMcIe chIe. A zabdo nalakathAmAM maLe che. A zabdo dareka vAcaka nala-kathAmAMthI zIkhI zake che. 99. gall Hug 20447 The Evolution of the Indian metre in the post-Vedi time 18. rUpo A rIte Ave che. bIjo ane cotho pAda U V U U -- U U U - TUU - Uu U--UU-UU pahelo ane trIjo pAda (e) pathyA U U -- U V U -- U U-UUU--U 0 -- 0 0 - - 0 (bI) vipulA 9- U UU-- UUUU U --D 2. U - U -- U U U U - U -- |-- U 0 - U - U U -- - 0 - 0 |

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harmana yAkobI 117 19. horTjharmananA upayurkata graMthamAM rajU karelA kapolakalpita jevA matanI carcA karavI mane rucatI nathI, kAraNa ke meM vistArathI Gotting ischen Gelehrten Anzeigen 1892 pR. 625mAM tenuM savistara nirUpaNa karyuM che. 20. sarakhAvo hodgamana, pR. 130. 21. temaNe (vebare) anuvAda sAthe saMpAdana karyuM che. The Dasaratha Jataka, Copenhagen, 1871 Ara. phIka paNa rAmAyaNanA jaina saMskaraNa mATe, Avo ja mata dharAve che. A parivartanono uddeza purAkathAonA nAyakone paricita karavA ane, jaina dharma ane itihAsa mATe temanI pravRttione anukULa banAvI te hato. te spaSTa hatuM ane A rIte, jaina dharma, atiprAcIna kALano che tevuM darzAvavAmAM AvyuM che. sagarakathAnuM jaina saMskaraNa, kiIela 1889 pR. 21. 23. trIjuM caraNa barlInanI hastaprata emAM ane bonanI hastapratamAM vItazomayajodho, ane sI hastapratamAM parva guNasamAnujo che. pahelo zloka 1-97mAM paNa Ave che. bIjo tyAM A pramANe che. rImo rAje 35sivA brahmano prayAsthati 24. vadhumAM A khaMDa bahu ja prAcIna prakSepamAM Avyo che je, 107-17 thI 111-11 sudhI vistare che. rAme ayodhyA AvavAnI nA pADatAM potAno nizcaya jaNAvyo pravekSye daNDakAraNyamahamapyavilambayan / AbhyAM tu sahito vIra vaidehyA lakSmaNena ca // bharata rAmane pratyuparezananI dhamakI Ape che. A dhamakInI asara vasiSThanA 110 zlokonI aMdara AvatA vaktavyathI zithila paDI jAya che. A taddana asaMgata che ane bhAratanI ekadama thatI pratijJA mATe binajarUrI che. eTale ahIM prakSepanI aMdara prakSepa maLe che. 25. rohaNa parvatane mahendra sAthe eka gaNavo joIe? kAraNa ke agatye mahendrane to, dariyAmAM nAkhI dIdho che. rAmAyaNa 4-41-19. rohaNano dIpavaMzamAM ullekha thayo che ane olDanabarga anukramaNikAmAM tenA eka prAnta tarIke ullekha kare che. tambapaNI giranAra 2-2 tambapanI khAtrI -4, kapurdigiri 2-4, tambapamnIya kha 136-ke. DI. thI 13-9. te ja rIte sthaLane athavA zaherane oLakhavAmAM AvatuM jyAM sau prathama vijayanuM avataraNa thayuM ane te rahyA (dIpavaMza 9-30). vadhumAM viruddhanA khaMDanI e nadI che jeno ullekha rAmAyaNamAM thayo che. dasamI sadI pachInA zilAlekhomAM A nAma maLe che. juo mUlaranuM saMpAdana, Ancient Inscriptions of Ceylone kramAMka 116, 117, vagere. 27.

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118 rAmAyaNa 30, Ane 31. dipavaMza 9-1mAM sIhala ane laMkA eka mAnavAmAM AvyAM che. jayAre 9-20mAM ojadIpa, varadIpa, maNDadIpa ane tambapannIne eka mAnyA che. sIhala nAmano saMbaMdha sIhanA putra vijaya sthApelA sAmrAjaya sAthe joDyo che. rAmAyaNa bhAratanA aMdaranA pradezamAM potAno mArga karyo te mULa svarUpamAM nahIM paNa, punargaThita AkAramAM pravezya. bengakokanA maMdironI rUparekhA rAmanA yudhdhane citare che. e paNa noMdhavuM paDe ke bauddha dharma rAmAyaNanA pracAramAM koI ADakhIlI UbhI karI nathI. moDethI jANamAM AvyuM che ke, kAvImAM rAmAyaNa che. te anuvAda nathI paNa eka kalAtmaka kavitA che. karne paNa AnA samarthanamAM potAno mata prastuta karyo che, je 1883mAM prakAzita potAnA lekhamAM jaNAvyo che. Ane ApaNe paurANika samAMtara purAkathA tarIke svIkArI zakIe. kokSa (The Mythology of Arian Nations 1,132) rAmane sUryadeva tarIke jovA pasaMda kare. te kahe che, sItAnuM apaharaNa ane rAma dvArA rAvaNanA nAza pachI punaH prAptinI kathA saramA ane paNi temaja perIsa ane helenanI samAMtara che. rAmAyaNamAM vahANonA ghaNA ullekho che paNa te nadIomAM cAlatI hoDIonA che. gaMgAmAM rAmanA pravAsamAM ane DUbavAnI sarakhAmaNImAM mAraznantava naurnaste A pramANe che. saMbhavataH nadIo pAra karavA hoDIo hatI. paNa, vahANa-yAtrA haju moTuM pagaluM che. nAradapaMcarAtranI temanI AvRtinI prastAvanAmAM ke. ema. benarajI. vebara, sitzungsberder Akad. d. wiss at Berlin XXXVII P.932 sekreDa bUkasa oNpha dhI IsTa, vaoNlyuma 22thI 31. sara monIera - viliyamsa potAnA Indian Wisdom (bIjI AvRtti pR. 319, noMdha 1)mAM AnA jevo mata rajU karyo che. rAmAyaNa ApaNA IsunA yuganA AraMbhamAM racAyuM che e mata aMge sAvadhAnI rAkhyA pachI te umere che, "huM e mata sAthe paNa saMmata thaI na zakuM ke, rAmAyaNa jemAM rAmane sItAnA bhAI batAvyA che ane, keTalAka zloko atyAranI racanA rAmAyaNanA keTalAka zloko sAthe ekarUpa che evI bauddha vArtA dazaratha-jAtakanI nakala che. ane te tyAra pachInuM che. huM ema paNa mAnato nathI mahAna bhAratIya mahAkAvya A athavA bIjI koI bauddha kathAoe pUrAM pADelA bIjamAMthI vikasyuM. ethI paNa ochuM mahattva e vAtane ApuM chuM ke hindu mahAkAvyoe potAnAM vicArabIjo homaranAM kAvyomAMthI lIdhAM, athavA to e tArbAjha vhIlaranA sUcanane ke, brAhmaNo ane rAkSaso ane sIlonanA bauddho vaccenI zatrutAnI lAgaNI ane spardhA vyakta karavA rAmAyaNa racAyuM hatuM ane rAkSaso bauddhonuM pratIka hatA.' 33. 34.

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harmana yAkobI 119 35. paurANika sroto ane bauddha-jaina paraMparA ApaNane A prasaMgo jANavAmAM cokkasa sahAya kare che. jaino pramANe ajAtazatru (kUNika) e aMgapradezamAM campAnagarImAM rAjagRhathI rAjadhAnI pheravI. videhane khAlasA karavAnuM teNe zarU kareluM paNa pUruM karyuM na hatuM. AthI sAmantonA zAsana heThaLanA kAzI-kozalanA bhAgyano aMta lAvI dIdho. kAlAzoka udAyina dvArA pATalIputrano pAyo nAkhavAnuM zreya ajAtazatrunA putra (athavA bhatrIjo)ne ApavAmAM Ave che. juo mAruM zodhapatra On Kalasoka Udayin ZDMG Vol.35 pR.667. 36. Indian Antiquary XIV pR. 209 para grIarsana dvArA saMpAdita ane anUdita beleDa oNpha AlhA juo. uparanI pAdaTIpa juo. 38. tAlboyajha vhIlara, History of India bhAga. 2 pR. 135 pramANe "gaMgA nadInA uttara athavA to DAbA kAMThe Adhunika sagUra AveluM che.' impIrIyala prejhITIyaramAM A nAmanuM koI sthaLa nathI. 39. jainoe RSabhane potAnA prathama tIrthaMkara (Vsabhe Kosalie) mAnyA che. teo ikvAkubhUmimAM janmAM hatA. mArA mata pramANe, te vAlmIki nathI, kAraNa ke, dazarathanA mRtyuthI mAMDI bharatanuM rAmane maLavuM tyAM sudhIno Akho khaMDa, atyAranA AkAramAM dvitIya starano jaNAya che. raghuvaMza 17-25 pramANe pachIthI kuze kuzAvatIthI ayodhyAmAM potAnA zAsananuM sthaLa khaseDyuM. kozalanI bahAra zrAvastI che. jaino pramANe kuNAla prAntanI rAjadhAnI che. juo bebara Verzeichnis der Sanskrit and Prakrit Handschriften. evuM huM dhAruM chuM. jo ke koI cokkasa sAbitI nathI paNa huM jANuM chuM tyAM sudhI A rAjakumAra IkvAku vaMzano hato. kalpasUtra 128 ane noMdha A hakIkatane 1-42-1mAM noMdhavAmAM AvI che. kAladharmaM gate rAma sagare prakRtijanAH / rAjAnaM rocayAmAsuraMzumantaM sudhArmikam // A e ja dhAraNA para mAnya rAkhI zakAya ke, prajAno rAjyanA vArasadAranI pasaMdagI para bahu moTo prabhAva rahyo hoya. noMdhapAtra zabda ra-09-1 khaMDamAM paNa Ave che. jene huM dvitIya staranuM pariNAma mAnuM chuM. upara pAdaTIpamAM Ano vicAra karyo che.

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120 rAmAyaNa 49. 46. Vol. 3 pR.379, Zeitschrift F. D. Kunde des Morgeni. glegalanI pratIti che ke, 7mI sadInA elakjhAnDaranI pahelAM rAmAyaNano prasAra thaI gayo hato. 47. te ja pramANe 2-66-1ra paNa A pAchaLano khaMDa che. 48. bI. puSpadInA ! vaoN lITro potAnA Wonder of the Sky (pAMcamI AvRtti, pR. 234)mAM A pramANenuM varNana Ape che. eka kSaNamAM AkAzamAM ane medAnamAM AbhA prasare che. jayAre, pAtaLA sUryano chello aMza adazya thaI jAya che. AkAzamAM UMDA bhUrA raMganI jhAMya, kSitija para nAraMgI raMganI chAMTa, A vAtAvaraNanA bhAgomAMthI prasare che. A caMdranI chAyAnI bahAra hoya che, dizAomAM kALA sAMdhya-raMga chavAI jAya che, ane jonArAo para tAdaza asara UbhI kare che. divasa daramyAna ekadama rAtrino AvirbhAva thAya che, garamI ghaTI jAya che, pakSIo mALAmAM pAchAM phare che, ghaNA choDavAo potAnI pAMkhaDIo ane phUlo bIDI de che. ahIM nirUpita vigatonuM varNana kharekhara rAmAyaNanA uparyukta khaMDamAM sUryagrahaNanA ullekha pahelAM maLe che. eTale, kavinA svakIya anubhava tarIke ApaNe varNavIe chIe temAM pUruM aucitya che. khaMDo A pramANe che. AkAzaM tadanAkAzaM cakrurbhImAmbuvAhakAH // 7 babhUva timiraM ghoraM uddhataM romaharSaNam // dizo vA pradizo vA'pi suvyaktaM na cakAzire // 8 kSatajAsavarNAbhA sandhyA kAlaM vinA babhau // 50. Memoir of the Royal Academy of Science, Vienna, Mata-nat class Vol.52 ejana Vol. 51 geal oleecllmus Berichten der Phil.hist classe der konigl Sachs. D. Wissensch 1887. ApaNe mahAkAvyanI bhASAne prAcInatA arpavI joIe, jo rAmavarmana tuta vize sAcA hoya to. saMbaMdhita khaMDa bombe AvRttimAM 2-49-13 che. (bhUta rU - rUtyeva vAmINa) ane 2-103-25 (tata rU tad bhavatviti). saMbhavataH govidirAjanI A khaMDa paranI samajUtI yathArtha che. atra mAvo vIcarajonitya-vAta, bIjA khaMDamAM temano ane mahezvarano pATha che. tataitat te mavatviti. vI. bohalIka yathArthapaNe kahe che. (upara pR. 5) ke mahAkAvyanI vilakSaNatAo ArSarUpo nathI paNa navI rUparacanAo che. mahAkAvyanI bhASAno yuga nakkI karavA eka hakIkata tarapha dhyAna doravuM agatyanuM che ke A navI rUparacanAo bahu ja gaNanApAtra rIte, vAraMvAra AvatAM gAthA-bolInAM lakSaNorUpe prAkRta rUpo karatAM prAcInatara tabakkAnI che. 53. ApaNe AgaLa joyuM che te pramANe pANini jyAM jIvyA te pazcimano pradeza mahAbhAratanA udgamanuM sthAna hatuM. ka vI. boI* rUparacanAo : 1 rUparacanAo "

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harmana yAkobI 121 54. 55. pANinie nirUpelI vANImAM svara hatA paNa mahAkAvyanI ke pachInI praziSTa saMskRtamAM dhyAnamAM Ave te rIte tenI parihAra thayo che. prAkRta bolIo AvA saMskRta tarapha gati kare che, jemAM svaralopa thayo che. ochAmAM ochuM ahIM prAcIna svaranI asara joI zakAtI nathI. ghaNI bhArata jarmana vANImAM jUnA svare zabdonI rUparacanA para gaNanApAtra asara choDI che jenuM pUrvasvarUpa ApaNe nizcitapaNe te lopa pAmyA pachI paNa nizcita karI zakIe chIe. eTale, prAkRta bhASAomAM svaranA prabhAvanI gerahAjarI atyaMta mahattvanI che. A hakIkata upara nirdiSTa dhAraNAne samarthana Ape che ke prAkRta bhASA bolIo je bhASA tarapha jAya che te svarabhAra sAthenuM saMskRta hoI zake. je loko vAMdarAone dakSiNa bhAratanA mULa AdivAsIo tarIke oLakhavA mAMgatA hoya to teonI e samajAvavAnI pharaja che ke hanumAnanI potAnI vANInI zuddhatA mATe prazaMsA karavAmAM Ave che. 7-66-44 pramANe teno mahAna vaiyAkaraNa tarIke paNa ullekha thayo che. monIera viliyamsano A trIjo tarka (P. 316) che. "azokanA zilAlekho parathI e dekhItuM che ke, I. sa. pU. trIjI sadImAM, hindustAnanA moTA janasamUhanI bhASA zuddha saMskRta na hatI. kharekhara to, te saMskRtanI prAdezika bolIo hatI jene prAkRta evuM sarvasAdhAraNa nAma ApyuM. jo A lokapriya kAvyonuM prathama saMskaraNa trIjI sadImAM thayuM hoya to zuM e saMbhavita che ke, prAkRtanAM keTalAMka rUpo saMvAdomAM dAkhala karIne tyAM ja rahevA dIdhAM hoya evuM nATakomAM karavAmAM AvyuM che. mRcchakaTika prAcInatama nATaka che, je IsunI bIjI sadIthI vadhu arvAcIna na hoya (bI. sI.e chApabhUla che.) pR. 471 pramANe lekhakano A abhiprAya zaMkAspada che. e sAcuM ke banne mahAkAvyonI mULa kathAnI bhASA ja AjanA pAThamAM maLe che, te moTe bhAge saraLa saMskRta che ane te koI paNa rIte kaThina ke kRtrima nathI. janatAnI bhASA moTe bhAge vyavahAropayogI banI te pahelAM I. sa. 500mAM lokonI bahumatI A bhASAne samajatI hatI. nizcitapaNe kahevuM hoya to, mahAkAvyamAM bhUtakALanAM sarvarUpo, arthabheda sivAya prayojAyAM che. keTalAMka kriyApado sivAya, anadyatana bhUtakALano prayoga bahu ja jUja che. ane eTale, anadyatana ane hyastanano arthabheda saMpUrNapaNe adRzya thaI gayo enAthI ApaNe Azcarya pAmavuM joIe nahIM. pa7. subadhu pANininA niyamanuM cUstapaNe pAlana karatA nathI. daMDImAM, pUrNa bhUtakALa ekadama ja chaThThA ucchavAsamAM samAviSTa vArtAomAM dekho de che. rAjakumAronI kathAo-vArtA kahenArA potAnA anubhavonuM bayAna karI rahyA che. varNananA kALa tarIke, hyastana, aitihAsika vartamAna, sakartaka ane akartRka, kRdanto Ave che. arnsa kuddha, Beitrage zur Pali Grammatikm P 108 59.

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1 22 rAmAyaNa 61. 3 60. chaMda mATe juo AgaLa pR.24. dhvanyAloka pR. 148, kAvyamAlA AvRtti. ___ nahi kaveritivRttamAtranirvahaNena kiJcit prayojanam, itihAsAd eva tatsiddheH / 62. kAvyAdarza 2.66 upamaiva tirobhUtabhedA rUpakamucyate / yathA bAhulatA pANipadmaM caraNapallavaH / kauMsamAM mUkelo zloka dekhItI rIte ja, pachInuM umeraNa che, te bImAM nathI. A kSati mATe e vyakti javAbadAra che ke je eTaluM jANatI nathI ke, deDakAM samudramAM hotAM nathI. azva ane gaja A paMktimAM pharIthI Ave che. 64. kamaLa samudramAM ugatuM nathI e hakIkatathI bhAratIyo ajANa nathI paNa A kaviono kavisamaya hovAthI doSa gaNAto nathI. juo sAhityadaparNa pa90. 65. pachInA kavio mIna, makara, karkaTa evI rAzionAM cihnano upayoga AvAM varNano mATe kare che. ahIM nathI eno artha e ke kavi rAzithI anabhijJa che. punarvasunI moTA mAchalA sAthe, tisya (kensara) ane zravaNa (igala)nI bataka ane svAtinI bagalA sAthenI sarakhAmaNI e kapolakalpitanI atizayatAnuM udAharaNa che. vAnarANAm huM evuM mAnuM chuM ke, kAlidAsa pahelAM pracalita kAvyakaLAmAM citrAtmaka varNano mahattvano bhAga bhajavatAM ane mArA-kathananI puSTimAM RtusaMhAra ane mAMDasora zilAlekhano saMdarbha ApIza. huM evuM mAnuM chuM ke ghaTakarpara kAlidAsa pahelAM thaI gayA. A 22 padyo parathI (ane AkhuM kAvya 22 padyonuM ja che) ApaNe joI zakIe chIe ke kavi potAnI racanA vize kevuM gaurava anubhave che. jo e pachIthI thayA hota to, temaNe evI baDAza na mArI hota ke, koI carma mAM temane atikramI na zake. paNa pachInAM dhoraNethI jo, mUlavavAmAM Ave to, temanI racanA taddana nabaLI che. alpane paNa utkRSTa kRti tarIke prazaMsavAmAM AvatI ane eTale ja kavie AvAM pragabha vidhAno karyA che. have kRti A prazaMsAne pAtra nathI. 68. ahIM ane pachInAM padyomAM pAdAnta meM saMdhi chUTI pADI che. e dhyAnamAM rAkhavAnuM che ke, pAdAnta padya pUrNa bane che, jevuM vAlmIkinAM paghomAM moTe bhAge bane che. juo boTalInkanA upara ullekhAyelA graMthanuM pR. 31 69. e svAbhAvika rIte vivAdAspada che ke, rAmAyaNamAM je kahevAyuM che te pramANe je pAtro che te, niyatithI abhibhUta che. kathA mULe, ikvAku kuTuMbamAM janmelI vyaktionI AsapAsa che. ikvAku, dazaratha ane rAmano vedamAM ullekha thayo che paNa te judo judo che. pariNAme, temanI vacce kAMI saMbaMdha hoya evuM jaNAtuM nathI. teo vikhyAta hatA athavA A vaMzanA zaktizALI 67.

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harmana yAkobI 123 rAjAo hatA e sivAya temanAM nAmo parathI koI tAraNa nIkaLI zake ema nathI. saMdarbha dharAvatA 10-64-4, 1-126-4, 10-93-14A khaMDo che. e vAta huM nakArato nathI ke, keTalAMka paraspara na saMkaLAyelAM kathAghaTakoe kathAne paurANika pArzvabhUmikA saMpaDAvI hoya. temAM, 14 varSa mATe rAmanA vanavAsanI vAta Ave che. jenuM pratirUpa che pAMDavono 13 varSano vanavAsa. rAjasthAnano itihAsa AvA prasaMgonA pravAhanAM asaMkhya udAharaNo pUrAM pADe che. eka rAjakumArane potAnA kuTuMbamAM sthAna maLatuM nathI ane tene hAMkI kADhavAmAM Ave che, nirvAsita thAya che ane, bIjI koI jagyAe potAnuM rAjya sthApe che A mULa kathA hatI. ane kathAnaka tenuM svarUpAMtara hatuM. paNa ahIM purAkathAghaTaka pachIthI AropavAmAM AveluM. koI saMbhavataH evI paNa aTakaLa karI zake ke, mULa kathA Izu nadInA kinArA paranI potAnI jAtinA kendramAMthI ikvAku rAjakumAranuM nirvAsana darzAve ane sarayU nadInI bhUmimAM pAcho Ave. AthI kaikeyInI bhUmikA, bharata-zatrughnanA keyInA gharamAM zikSaNano khulAso maLe che. nirvAsita rAjakumArane potAnI mAtA-kosalanI strInA gharamAM Azaro maLe ane tyAM potAnuM rAjya sthApe. AvI aTakaLo rajU karavI saraLa che paNa pramANothI samarthana karavuM muzkela che. 70. khaMDa A pramANe che. avvAci subhage bhava sIte vandAmahe tvA / yathA naH subhagA sasi yathA naH suphalA'sasi // indraH sItAM nigRhNAtu tAM pUSA'nu yacchatu / sA naH payasvatI duhAm uttarAmuttarAM samAm // grAsamena; o samRddha cAsa, amArI pAse Ava, ame tArI pUjA karIe chIe jethI tuM amane samRddha ane dhanika banAve. Indra cAsamAM Ave ane pUSanuM tene mArgadarzana Ape. tArAmAM pravAha hoya je amane dareka anugAmI varSe atramAM samRddha banAve. luDavIzaH o subhagA sItA, ahIM Ava, amAro pUjyabhAva tArA para varSAvIe chIe, jethI tuM amArA tarapha mAyALu bane. indra cAsane kholI nAkhe. pUSanuM tane mArgadarzana Ape, tuM dUdhathI bharapUra hovAthI AgaLane AgaLa vahe (kAraNa ke tuM dUdhathI bharapUra bhaviSyamAM dara varSe rahI che.) 71. RgvadamAM vRSAkapi dvArA indrANInuM haraNa e evuM samAna udAharaNa che. chatAM, A azlIla sUkata aspaSTa che. saMbhavataH vRSAkapi e purAkathAnI vyakti che ja nahIM paNa kazuM azlIla enAthI sUcavAya che. 72. vibhISaNanI patnInuM nAma paNa saramA (7-12) che. rAma" zabdano artha vedamAM "zyAma raMganA' evo thAya che paNa, praziSTa saMskRtamAM "AnaMdajanaka athavA 'sundara' artha thAya che. paNa te rAma zabdathI sUcavAtI cokkasa purAkathAnI vyaktio vize koI sUcana karato nathI.

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124 rAmAyaNa 74. rAma ane indranI ekarUpatA mATe upara je kahyuM te uparAMta, rAma 3-27mAM trizirano vadha kare che. jyAre indra tvaSTAnA putrane mArI nAkhe che. khUMdhI maMtharAnA kapaTane kAraNe, rAmane vanavAsa thayo hovAthI Indra virocananI putrI mantharAne mArI nAkhe che. viSNupurANanA pAMcamA sarga pramANe, te rAkSasone mArI nAkhe che, dhanuka adhyAya 8, pralamba 9, huSTika 20, dvivida 36. 76 . barlInamAM sAyansa ekeDemInI beThaka paranA rIporTamAM vebara XXX VIII pR. 818, noMdha 2. sarakhAmaNI mATe rAmanA rAvaNa sAthenA nirNayAtmaka yuddhamAM indra rAmane potAnAM ratha, bazvara ane zastro Ape che. te paNa noMdhavuM joIe. A vArtA bharatanI vidAya ane zUrpaNakhAnA AgamananI vacce Ave che. ane tene prakSipta ApaNe gaNI zakIe. atri ane agatyanA AzramonI mulAkAtono uddeza A RSionA saMparkamAM rAmane lAvavAno che. bIjA kAMDamAM rAmanI bharadvAjanI mulAkAta jeTalI ja temanAmAM navInatA che. trIjA kAMDanA AraMbhamAM, sAhasa yugmo e hakIkata darzAve che ke, bharatanI vidAya ane zUrpaNakhA sAthenuM sAhasa e be vaccenAM pasAra thaelAM 11, 12 varSo taddana nirarthaka na hatAM. hakIkatamAM to, atyAranA pATha pramANe pampA sarovaranA taTe, rAme kazuM karyA vagara dasa varSo pasAra karyA evI chApa UbhI karavAmAM A ghaTanAo pUratI nathI. mULa kAvyamAM vanavAsIo citrakUTa (2-117-14) choDyA pachI, AgaLa vadhyA (3-11-1-5) ane paMcavaTI AvyA. tyAM teo sthAyI thayA. tyAM keTalIka ghaTanAo banI jenAthI, kathAno bIjo bhAga zarU thAya che. kAvyanA pramANabhUta bhAgomAM, devo bahu ja ocho hastakSepa kare che. temAM paNa viSNu ane zivano jarA paNa hastakSepa nathI. paNa indra potAno ratha ane baddhara rAmane Ape che. garuDa indrajitanA dhanuSyanI camatkArika zaktino nAza kare che. agni sItAnI zuddhinI sAhedI Ape che. kharekhara A bhAga mULano hoya to. sUryadiva ane caMdradeva sugrIva ane hanumAnanA anukrame pitA che. AMkhe UDIne vaLage tevA virodha rUpe, chellA kAMDamAM eka paNa vArtA evI nathI ke jemAM koIne koI deva AvatA na hoya. 80. evI ghaNI emanA vize purANakathAo che jemAM temanuM koI sanmAna nathI. eTale viSNunI patnI indIrA kahevAya che. 82. grIarsana sAthe sarakhAvo. hindustAnanI Adhunika prAdezika bhASAonuM sAhitya (bhAga-1, 1888) pR. 42. te tulasIdAsanA rAmAyaNa vize kahe che : bhAgalapurathI paMjAba ane himAlayathI narmadA sudhInA sarva vargomAM tenI sArvatrika svIkAra thayo che. te noMdhapAtra che ke darekanA hAthamAM te che, darabArathI te jhUMpaDI sudhI ane hindu samAjanA dareka varga dvArA vAMcavAmAM

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harmana yAkobI 125 ke sAMbhaLavAmAM Ave che ane, mANavAmAM Ave che. pachI te uccavargano ke nimna vargano hoya, zrImaMta hoya ke garIba yuvAna hoya ke vRddha (grAujhano rAmAyaNano anuvAda). jayAre grIarsana kahe che A chUTachATanA jamAnAmAM, rAmAyaNa karatAM koI graMtha vadhu zuddha hoI na zake. ApaNe e bhUlavuM na joIe ke, A guNa to vAlmIkinA racanAno che. vAlmIkinI naitika zuddhatA vize, pahelA ane chellA kAMDanI azlIla vArtAo hovA chatAM, kaDakamAM kaDaka TIkAkAra paNa zaMkA uThAvI zake nahIM. tulasIkRta rAmAyaNanI naitika zuddhie jo tene sArvatrika mAnyatA meLavI ApI hoya, to ApaNe eja kAraNathI ema mAnI zakIe ke tenA be hajAra varSa pahelAM pragaTelA mULa svarUpane paNa prAcIna bhAratanAM janonAM hRdaya jItavAmAM sahAya karI haze !

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- 500.00 lAlabhAI dalapatabhAI bhAratIya saMskRti vidyAmandira dvArA prakAzita adyatana prakAzanoM kI sUcI 146 kauTilIya arthazAstra (zeThazrI kasturabhAI lAlabhAIgraMthazreNI : 2004-2005), prA.nItIna 2. desAI 147 AcAryazrI AnaMdazaMkara dhruvaH darzana ane ciMtana 500.00 dilIpa cAraNa, pR.10+297 (2010) 148 sAhitya, zilpa ane sthApatyamAMgiranAra (saMbodhi-purAtattva-vizeSAMka-2) 200.00 pro.madhusUdana DhAMkI, pR.10+150+ 30, 2010 149 zrItrivikramabhaTTa pratA mayantI-thI-capU. 250.00 saMpA. : mahopAdhyAya vinayasAra, pR. 3 + rUdra (2010) 150 An Outline of the Avasyaka literature 1000.00 by Ernst Leumann (Eng. Trans. from German by George Baumann) 151 jaina darzana meM dravya, guNa aura paryAya kI avadhAraNA 250.00 pro.sAgaramala jaina, prathama saMskaraNa 2011, pR.8+76 76 nainana mAlina ra6.00 pro.dalasukha mAlavaNiyA, dvitIya saMskaraNa, 2012, pR. 64 152 bhAratIya darzanomAM pariNAmavAda, .OO (sAMkhyayoga-nyAyavaizeSika-bauddha-jaina-kevalAdvaita vedAntadazama7 pro.vasaMta parIkha, 2012, pR. 10+ 86 153 rAmAyaNa 250.00 harmana yAkobInA Das RamayananA aMgrejI anuvAda parathI gujarAtImAM anuvAda DaoN.vijaya paMDyA, 2012, pR. 8+128 154 zAMtinAM svarUpo 250.00 DaoN.homI dhAlAnA "Many Faces of the Peace" no anuvAda DaoN.zrIdevI mahetA, 2011, pR. 8+ 128 The Central Philosophy of Jainism (Anekanta-Vada) 150.00 Bimal Krishna Matilal, II-Edition 2012, pp. 10 + 80 kAzmIra zivAdvayavAda meM pramANa-cintana (In Press) pro.navajIvana rastogI, prathama saMskaraNa 2013, pR. 16+ 235