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Studies in Jainology, Prakrit
the aspiration of 'k' we have noted above, under khullai, the tendency in Kannada. According to Prof.K.P.Kulkarni, the Marathi khuppano also is, originally, a Dravidian formation and the desi (or dhātvādeśa) khupp - was Sanskritized as ksup.56
ghuttai = pibati (IV.10:II.109) - drinks. K.guļuku -a gulp. guțukisu? - to gulp. Cf.Tu.gutuku -id. Te.guļuka -id. Ko. gurkan - noise of drinking water, Tu,kurk - to gulp. The Nepali form and other IA cognates given by Turner are : Nepali ghurko - a gulp, Hindi ghutaknā - to swallow, Punjabi ghutta · a swallow, Sindhi ghutko - a gulp, Gujarati ghutdo -id, Marathi ghutkā (ghot) -id, etc.58 From these details it is clear that the cognates of the root are found in the languages of both the families, Dravidian and · Indo- Aryan. Hence can it be an cthno-psychological phenomenor.? Or can we say that the MIA rool is a Dravidian loan in IA, for "the onomatopoctics form a very characteristic element of speech in both Dravidian and Austric?"60 Prof.K.P. Kulkarni suggests that the Marathi ghutkā originally might have come from the sound or from the Kannada word gutuku.
tiritillai = bhramati (IV.3) - wanders, turns round. K.tiri62 - to wander about, turn round. The verbal substilute appears to be a reduplicative of the Kannada tiri, the second 'ri' dropping by Syncope: țiritirillai tiritillai. As regards the addition of illa, the formation is on the analogy of cincai : cincillai"). And the change of 'l' to 'l' is also possible. Even in Kannada we find tagaru and tagaru.4 Cf. also T. tiri - id, M.liri -id, Tu.Tiruguni -id, Kol.tirg-id.
tuppam = mrakṣitam (1.200: V.22) - besmeared, anointed. K.tuppa - clarificd butter. Cf.Ttuppu - enjoyment, object of enjoyment, food, ghee, tuppam -ghee. Other Dravidian languages possess this form in some other meanings: Te.tuppa small bush, Kol.tuppa- birds' nest etc. The semantic development of this verbal substitute probably took place out of a social custom in South India that women, during their period, besmeared their face with
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