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DITRODUCTION.
schools, brahmanical and buddhist. In this connexion ono of Haribhadra's works, though not a prakarana, has a pooular interest, viz., his commentary on Digaiga's Nykyapraveśa. Siddhasena-divakara had written a Nykyivatára, which unmistakably presupposes Dharmakirti's Nyiyabindu' apparently intending to provide the Jainas with a manual of Logics. But it is decidedly inferior to the masterly work, of Dharmakirti,, which it was designed to supersede; nor had it any lasting success. Haribhadra, however, instead of attempting to found a logical school of the Jainas, induced them, by commenting on Dinaga, to study the original works of Bhuddhist Logiojans. He apparently appreciated their paramount importance, though he controverted, at great length, some logi cal propositions of Dharmakirti in his Anokántajayapataka. The interest of the Jainas in Buddhist Logics continued long after his time; we owe to it the preservation of Dharmakirti's NyAyabindu and Dharmottara's Nykyabindutika in the original Sanskrit; for the oldest manuscripts of those works and of a fragment of a commentary on the latter come from Jainn bhandars.
The endeavours of great teachers like Siddhanena-divakara and Haribhadra to raise the Svetimbaras to the high lovel of Indian mentabculture were brought to their conclusion by Hemacandra, who provided them with a:Imirable vöxt books of the principal Indian sciences besides such standard works as more direct. ly ognoerned their own crees. Thus the Svetambaras, who for many. centyries seem to have remained in a comparativo oh. sourity as an exclusive sect, energed to notoriety, probably about the seventh century, till at last they became, in Guzera and the adjoining countries, the most influential religious community, and could even, under Kumarapala, be called the established.church of the kingdom." * But to return to the works of Haribhadra, it remains to by notioed that he uspally employs, in the last verse of them, the word viraha which is known as his “mark.” Kalyāņavijaya (1.0. p, 20a. ff.).quotes.tn full the passages where this mark
1 See above p. III noto l.
