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189
THE INDIAN ANTIQUARY
OCTOBER, 1926
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Patik&atha 'as a name for Sarala,' but he does not mention it as a synonym of 'Devad Aru.' Moreover, the singular termination in. Patikasthahvaya-drume is significant, and shows that the author must have meant only one, and not two trees by Patikathahvaya. Even if we take for granted that a singular case-affix has been used to mean both the trees, it stands, to reason that the use of the rather ambiguous term Patikdatho would have been avoided by the lexicographer, in view of the fact that definiteness and clearness are essential to lexicons.
Further, if we go to the etymology of the worl Palikantha, we find that there is a significant reference to the malodorovs principle contained in the wood of the tree. Now,
turpentine,' which is the oleo-resinous product of 'Sarala,' and is known as Saraladrava, Srivesta, Srirds, Vykradhapa, ctc., is decidedly more pungent and offensive in smell than Devadaru oil, or kelon-led-lel as it is popularly known. All these would go to support the view taken by me, viz., that the lexicographer Keśava-sv&min must have been aware of the difference between the two trees. .
(5) The lexicographer Hemacandra explains Saraladrava as Srivesta, Payası, Vukadhúpa.
(Vide Martya kânda, 7th Paryyâya). It is a point of much importance that the oleo-resinous exudation from the 'Sarala' tree has so many technical names, while the oleo-resinous exudation from the Devadaru' tree has no technical appellation. This also goes far towards pointing out the initial difference between the
two trees. As to works on Rhetoric, Bågbhata in his work Kdvydnusd sa na, ch. 1, very clearly
points out the difference. CJ. Sarla-devadaru-drákşd-kunkuma-camarajina......
turangamandmutpådah (p. 4. 1. 25. Nirnaya Sagara Edition). Even a work on Biography, viz., Ballala Caritam, a composition of the sixteenth
oentury, draws the distinction. cf. Saralam deva-kästhasca........(ch. 14, s. 23).
The works on the Ayurveda most pointedly mark the difference between the two trees and dwell at length upon their different medicinal properties. I quote below passages from the most eminent works on the Ayurveda, where 'Sarala' and 'Devadaru ' (or Daru) have Leen mentioned side by side.
1. Caraka : (1) Agurukutha...........Sarala-Sallali - devadårvagnimantha ..................
(vide Aguroddi Taila, ch. 3. Jvara-cikitsita, sec. 176). (2) Devadaru-haridre dve Saraltivist vacâm............(vide Udara-cikited 13 ch.
(Bangabesi ed., 18 ch. ) sec. 77 (or 104, Bangabasi ed.) (3) Due pañcamülé Saralan Devadaru Sa-nagaram. .......(vide Grahani cikitad; .ch. 15 or (ch. 19, Banga basi); sec. 32 or (sec. 53, Banga basi ed.); Dasamaladyam
Ghrtam.) (4) Saralam daru kesaram........(ch. 27, Trustambha cikitsd, sec. 16 or (29) aco.
to Bangabasi ed.) (5) Sari-Sarala-darveld-mañjistha..............(vide cb. 28 Watavyddhi cikited,
sec. 53 or sec. 110, Bangabasi ed.); Vald taila. (6) .......... Saralah kilimam hingu..........(vide Kalpasthanam, ch 7, sec. 8
or bl. 12, Bangbasi ed.). II. Susruta (1) Saralderadaru--gardira-Siméapd............(vide Satrasthanam, ch. 45, 109). (2) Tathagurum Sarjırasam Saralam devadaru ca (vide Cikitsitasthanam, ch. 16;
sec. 15).
