Harmless Soul

Author(s): W J Johnson, Dayanand Bhargav
Publisher: Motilal Banarasidas

Page 72

58 Harmless Souls by the activity of:
1) the 5 senses (indriya) - touch, taste, smell, sight, hearing, 2) the 4 passions (kaşāya) - anger, pride, deceitfulness, greed, 3) the non-observance of the 5 vows (avrata), 4) the 25 activities (kriyā).
These correspond to the 5 causes of bondage (Tattvārtha Sūtra 8:1) in the following way:
1) the 5 indriyas correspond to pramāda (indriya, as Ohira points
out, is explained in the bhāsya on 6:5 (6) as pañca
pramattasyendriyāņi),35 2) the 4 kaṣāyas correspond to kaṣāya, 3) avrata corresponds to avirati, 4) the 25 kriyas correspond to mithyādarśana (mithyādarśana is
included as the twenty-fourth of the twenty-five kriyās, and mithyātva occurs as the second of the twenty-five).36
The fifth cause of bondage, yoga, is, as has been shown, defined by the other four (i.e. it is yoga with 'passion'), and it is activity (yoga) in the four categories enumerated which gives rise to sāmparāyika karma.
Comparing these two classifications, the question arises why it is that, when he comes to list the causes of sāmparāyika karma (Tattvārtha Sūtra 6:5 (6) = the 5 causes of bondage (Tattvārtha Sūtra 8:1]), Umāsvāti substitutes a list of 25 kriyā for mithyādarśana, which is only one item on that list.
According to Ohira, kriyā is repeatedly propounded in the early canonical works as the cause directly inviting āsrava, 'so Umāsvāti must have wanted to lay emphasis on it by counting twenty-five in all in place of mithyātva which is just part of them.37 But as Ohira herself has
35 Ohira p. 62. 36 See J.L. Jaini's list in his trans. of TS (1920) p. 126. 37 Ohira pp. 62-63.