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SOCIAL LIFE
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clothes even from an old prostitute as she might take the beautiful nuns to the brothel.2 References make it clear that relationship or contact with the ganikas had become an object of social condemnation. Pastimes
Pastimes or amusements, festivals and festivities prevailing in the society show the importance given to the material pursuits and as such indicate a healthy state of society. Various outdoor and indoor pastimes prevailed amongst the people of this age and the form differed in accordance to the material status with the direct bearing on sex and age of the participants. Play-nurses (kilavanı dhati) were usually engaged by the wealthy citizens to teach various games to the children.2 Children played with balls (gemduga)' and its mention in various Jaina works indicates its popularity.
The young ladies loved to sit on a swing (andolaga) with their husbands or lovers and also indulged in wine-drinking (majjapāņa).. Sporting in water (jala-madhye-krida), mentioned as toya-krida in the literature, was another pastime.5 Wine and women were a source of amusement for the kings and the nobles, while dice and gambling have been mentioned as their special vices. Picnics were also arranged, especially during the spring season.
The game af dice (bukkanna) was popular. Bāna also asserts the existence of this game. Gambling was largely prevalent
1. जुण्णा वेसित्थी, अप्पणा असत्ता वि ठवेत्तुं रूववई समणि दट्टु अभियोगेज्जा, गणि
TOM QZO -NC. 3, p.-586. 2. NC. 3, p. 404. 3. NC. 3, p. 349. 4. FTIT THO HF 59T773TİTUTU S TOHET SEANC. 3, pp. 349
50; also NC. 4, p. 25. 5. NO. 3, pp. 349-50. 6. NO. 4, p. 50. 7. FourTT RUUTGUT TH -NC. 1, p. 17; also NC. 3, p. 349. 8. Harsacarita, p. 65, text p. 78, Kādambari, p. 5.
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