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A CULTURAL STUDY OF THE NISITHA CURNI
were equivalent to one of Pāšaliputra.' This scheme may be cleary understood from the following table : Rüvaga Sábharaga or Diviccaga 2-Rūvaga Uttarā pahaga l. Rüvaga Uttarā pahaga 2=Rūvaga Padaliputtaga 1.
Or Rūvaga Dakkhiņā pahaga 2=Rūvaga Kāñcipuri (Nelaka ) I. Rūvaga Kāñcipuri ( Nelaka) 2=Rūvaga Padaliputtaga I.
The rīvaga of Padaliputta was thus considered to be the standard money of the time. It is significant to note that the prices of all the articles in the NC. are given according to this standard of Padaliputtage money, 2
Among the copper coins (tammamaya) the ņā naka', kahavanat and kägiņi5 have been mentioned. At one place in the NC. kāgini is explained as a silver coin which was popular in South India. In the commentary of the Bịhatakal pa Bhasya n is mentioned as a copper coin common in south. The kugini, mentioned as smallest coin in the context of Samprati's coronation, however, must have been same as kakini which is mentioned by Kautilya as a copper coin equal to 1 of a copper karşapaņa.' Kahāvanas are to be seen as coins of small denomination lo and these must have been same as the copper karşā paņas.11 Besides, mention has been made of a
1. दक्खिणापहगा दो रूपगा कंचिपुरीए एक्को णेलओ भवति, नेलको रूपकः, स नेलओ
TOT E THYTTt Hafal-Ibid. 2. 347777 69774AIÙET STETTAEFAT TETT7–NC. 2, p. 95. 3. ali 1 01101i qae fà—NC. 3, p. 111; Bịh. Vr. 2, p. 573. 4. NC. 3, p. 173. 5. NO. 2, p. 362; NC. 3, p. 111. 6. FEI fua filtruitech-NC. 3, p. 111, 7. I AT 710796 @afegd, 791-zfiqh fillefioit-Brh. Vr. 2, p. 573. 8. 3 fefTot yrit, ut prata Farfetfū—NC. 2, p. 362. 9. Arthaśāstra, p. 95; Uttarā. Ti. 7. 11, p. 118. 10, NO. 3, p. 173. 11. The copper karsā pana was the standard money from slightly before
the rise of the Mauryas to at least the beginning of the Gupta supromacy, i. e. for upward of 600 years.-Bhandarkar, D. R., Lectures on Indian Numismatics, p. 88.
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