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ECONOMIC CONDITIONS
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king for being pleased with his work.1 The suvarnamaşaka: was a gold coin equal to one mașa in weight according to the standard of gold coinage and weighed five rattīs when issued in gold or copper. It may, however, be noted that while the specimens of the silver and copper maşas are known, the suvarṇamaşaka occurs only in literature.8
Among the silver coins the tūvagas or rūpakaso were the most popular. The word rivaga was sometimes used as a common denomination of money, but it also denoted a spe cific silver coin. The rūvagas of different regions were usually named after their region and their value differed from: region to region. The rūvagas of Diva ( an island situated amidst the sea at the distance of a yojana in the south of Saurāṣtra ) were known as sabharaga? or Diviccaga, while the Uttara pahaga, Padaliputtaga or Kusuma puraga, and Dakkhiņa pahaga were the rūvagas of these specific regions. The rüvaga of Kāñcipuri was called ņelao or nelaka.
Regarding the relative value of the rūvagas of the different regions, we are informed that two sābharaga-rūvagas of Diva were equivalent to one of Uttarāpatha, and two of Uttarāpatha were equivalent to one of Pāšaliputra. 10 According to another scheme, two tūvagas of Dakṣiṇāpatha were equated with one nelaka-rūvaga of Kāñcipurs and two of Kāñcipuri
1. RUNT 15 zgjafafeah yquUtara faz 1-NC. 4, p. 350. 2. Bhandarkar, D. R., Ancient Indian Numismatics, p. 53. 3. Agrawala, V.S, India as Known to Pānini, p. 262. 4. NC. 2, p. 95. 5. NC. 3, p. 576. 6. Gopal, op. cit., p. 205. 7. NC. 2, p. 95. According to Motichandra, sābharagas were the pro-Islam
mic coins known as Sabien coins.-Sce, LAI., p. 120. 8. NO. 2, p. 95. 9, NC, 2, P. 95; Br, VỊ. 4, p. 1069. 10. तेहिं दोहिं दिविच्चगेहिं एक्को उत्तरापहको भवति, तेहिं एक्को पाडलिपुत्तगो
NC. 2, p. 95; Brh. V:. 4, p. 1069.
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