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18
FINE ARTS
have been classified into the four
categories.1
(i) Vitata or Percussion Instruments-(i) bheri, (ii) paḍaha, (iii) murava, (iv) muiṁga, (v) naṁdi, (vi) jhallari, (vii) vallari, (viii) damaruga, (ix) maḍḍaya, (x) saduva, (xi) paesa, (xii) golui etc., are included in the vitata class of instruments.
273
above-mentioned
(ii) Tata or Stringed Instruments—(i) vīņā, (ii) vivaṁci, (iii) tuna, (iv) bavvisaga, (v) vînāiya, (vi) tumbavīņā, (vii) jhoḍaya, (viii) dhamkuna etc. are included in the tata or stringed class of instruments.
A
(iii) Ghana or Concussion Instruments—(i) tala, (ii) kaṁsatāla, (iii) littiya, (iv) gohiya, (v) makariya, (vi) kacchabhi, (vii) mahai, (viii) saṇaliya, (ix) valya etc. belong to the ghana class of instruments.
(iv) ghusira or Hollow or Wind Instruments—(i) śañkha, (ii) vaṁsa, (iii) veņu, (iv) kharamuhi, (v) parilasa, (vi) vevā etc. are mentioned as jhusira instruments.
1. NS. XVII. 135-38 (NG. 4, pp. 200-201 ).
2. "संखो" जलचर प्राणिविशेष: NC. 1, p. 84; NG. 4, p. 201.
3. सिंगं महिसीसिंगं — Ibid.
4. दीर्घाकृति स्वल्पा च संखिया --NC. 4, p. 201.
Jain Education International
The NC. enlightens us about some of the instruments mentioned above and also gives information about few more additional instruments which came into vogue by this time. Sankha was from an aquatic animal, śṛnga was made of the horn of buffalo, saṁkhiya was a similar instrument but it was longer in length and smaller in width. Kharamuhi was same as kāhala; its frontal portion made of wood was shaped like the mouth of an ass.5 Piripirit was an instrument made by joining together two pieces of hollow sticks and its mouthpiece had only one opening. It was blown like a sankha (conch-shell) and produced three different sounds simulta
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5. खरमुखी काहला, तस्स मुहत्थाणे खरमुहाकारं कट्ठमयं मुहं कज्जति – Ibid.; Hariacarita, p. 204; for the construction of the Kahala see-Agra ́wala, Kādambari : Eka Sāṁskṛtika Adhyayana, p. 77.
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