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MATERIAL CULTURE
189
with which a person could die immediately.' Amaya was another term used for diseases, and patient suffering from any disease was called amat7.2
A long list of diseases has been given in the Niśitha Bhasya. The following eight types of vyâdhis, viz. (i) jara (fever), (ii) sasa (asthama), (iii) kā sa (cough), (iv) daha (inflamation), (v) ati sāra (diarrhoea), (vi) bhagańdara (fistula in ano), (vii) süla (colic), (viii) ajīra (indigestion), and the sixteen rogas, viz. (i) vevā (paralysis agitans, trembling or tremor), (ii) aggi (over-3 appetite), (iii) paṁgu (paraplegia), (iv) vadabha (humpback), (v) mimmani (mental disorder), (vi) alasa (swelling), (vii) sakkara (gravel), (viii) pameha (a disease of urine), (ix) bahih (deafness), (x) andha (blindness), (xi) kumta ( one without hands ), (xii) vadabha (dwarfishness), (xiii) gan 11 (scrofula),(xiv) koti (leprosy), (xv) khata (wound) and (xvi) sūi have been mentioned. A few more diseases to this list have been added by the NC. which provides a useful information on this subject. *
Medical Treatment - The medical treatment prescribed for the cure of diseases has been grouped under two sections-i) samsohanas or cleansing the body through emitics and purgatives, and (ii) samsamaņas or curing the disease with the help
1. B etfarars :, freigt:-NC. 3, p. 258; Brn. Vr. 2, p.
322. In the Vipālasūtra (ed. Jaina Šāstramālā Kāryālaya, Ludhiana, pp. 56-57 ), however, roga and ātaika have been used as a
combined term. 2. NC. 4, p. 340; Kātyāyana (vārtika on V. 2. 122), also notes the word
amayāvi for an ailing patient.--Agrawala, V. S., India as Known
to Panini, p. 123. 3. N. Bhā. 3446; NC. 3, p. 258. For similar lists of sixteen discases
sce--Vipakasūtra, pp. 56-57; Ācāränga, 6. 1. 173; Vivāgasuya, 1,
p. 7. 4. For information regarding various diseases mentioned in the NC.
sec-Appendix A. 5. gate thitu PHTEO a qui fattoi -NC. 3, p. 417. Regarding the theory
of Sansohana and Sansamant see-Bhisagratna's Introduction to Sušrutasamhitā, Vol. 1, p. LXI; also Susruta, Cikitsasthāna,
XXXIII. 2 ( Vol. 2, p. 565 ). 6. NC. 3, p. 417.
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