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CHAPTER V OF TATTVĀRTHĀDHIGAMA SUTRA
frateftat TIHTSETT: Ozam (THE CATEGORY OF THE NON-LIVING)
अजीवकाया धर्माधर्माकाशपुद्गलाः ।।१।। AJĪVAKĀYĀ DHARMĀDHARMĀKĀSA
PUDGALAH [1]
This sútra has got the same version in Digambara and Svetambara texts.
The substances of the universe may be divided into two chief categories: Living and Non-living: or Soul and Nonsoul.
The Non-living continuum comprises : Dharma---Medium of motion for soul and matter, Adharma-Medium of rest for soul and matter, Akāśa--Space Pudgala--Matter and Energy, and Kāla--Time (enumerated separately in sūtra 39.)
In all Jaina scriptures dealing with the subject there is a description of these substances. We have in Dravya-saṁgraha by Nemichandra' Siddhānta-chakravarti:
अज्जीवो पण णेओ पुग्गलधम्मो अधम्म आयासं। कालो पुग्गल मुत्तो रूवादिगुणो अमुत्ति सेसा हु।'
(Ajiva comprises of pudgala, dharma, adharma, ākāśa and kāla. Pudgala has form and qualities and the rest are without form.)
1. Nemichandra was a great Acarya who lived in the tenth century A.D. He was the preceptor of chamunda Raya of Ganga Dynasty of South India and has composed several standard works like Gommajasara, Trilokasara, Labdhisära. Kś apanak asara and Dravya-samgraha.
2. Dravya-samgraha, 15.
