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SUTRA 22
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SUTRA 22. वर्तनापरिणामक्रियाः परत्वापरत्वे
च कालस्य ॥२२॥ VARTANĀ-PARIŅĀMA-KRIYĀÌ PARATVĀPARATVE
CA KĀLASYA. [22] __(वर्तना-परिणाम-क्रियाः परत्वापरत्वे च जीवानाम् पुद्गलानाम् कालस्य उपकारो भवति ।)
(The function of time is to assist substances in their continuing to exist (variană), in their modifications (pariņāma), in their movements (kriya)246 and in their priority (paratva) and non-priority or juniority in time (aparatva).
In other standard Jaina works the time has been defined as follows:
Auteuil prat 1247 Vartană (Assisting in their continuity of being) is the characteristic of time.
जीवादीदव्वाणं परिवट्टणकारणं हवे कालो।। 248
246. The Jaina Acaryas have described 10 kinds of motions : प्रयोगबन्धाभावच्छेदाभिघातावगाहनगुरुलघुसंचारसंयोगस्वभावनिमित्तभेदात् ।।
(Tattvårtha Rajavartika. 5.24.) Prayogagati-Motion of a projectile such as a bullet or a missile. Bandhá bhavagati--Uncoiling of a spring or sprouting of a seed.
Cheda gati-Motion of sound waves as compressions and rarefactions in air.
Abhighaia gari ----Motion of particles during an explosion.
Avagahana gati--Motion in a resistive medium such as that of ships in a sea or of aeroplanes in the air.
Guru gati-Free fall of a heavy body. Laghu gati--Motion of cotton flakes in air or Brownian movement. Sancara gati-Motion through diffusion. Sanyoga Gati - Motion on horseback.
Svabhāva Gati-Natural motion of air, of the solar system and of the electrons inside an atom.
247. Utiaradhyayan-sutra, 28.10. 248. Niyamasara, 33.
